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The results of the Mathematical Literacy Research discuss Indonesia's involvement in PISA since 2000, which has never experienced a significant increase in ranking until 2018. Even the 2018 PISA results showed that Indonesia was ranked in the bottom 10 in the world with an average score of Indonesian students mathematical literacy of 359, while the average was 489. This study aims to describe the mathematical literacy skills of grade X students in solving PISA questions in terms of mathematical disposition abilities. This study uses a descriptive type of research with a qualitative approach with three instruments to be used in this study, namely a mathematical disposition scale questionnaire, a mathematical literacy test, and interview guidelines. The research instrument was first consulted with the collaborating lecturer. The results of the disposition test from 33 grade X.1 students were then analyzed to determine the grouping of students' mathematical disposition abilities. The mathematical disposition scale is given to students in three groups: high, medium, and low. The subjects of this study were four students in the class with different levels of mathematical disposition abilities. Based on the results of this study, the literacy abilities of students reviewed in mathematical disposition tend to vary. Students with a high level of disposition have better literacy and problem-solving skills than those with a medium or low level of disposition

Coastal ecosystems, specifically mangrove trees, safeguard coastal regions against natural disasters like erosion, floods, and tsunamis. Numerical simulations employing the Shallow Water Equation (SWE), encompassing mass and momentum conservation equations, are used to comprehend how mangroves attenuate wave energy. The SWE incorporates Manning's friction term, which is directly influenced by mangrove forests. However, the SWE's complexity and sensitivity to initial conditions hinder analytical solutions. Despite its increasing computational demands, we utilize the robust staggered grid method to address this challenge. Our study examines mangroves' wave-attenuating effects and introduces a parallel computational model using OpenMP to expedite computations. Findings reveal that mangroves can reduce wave amplitudes by up to 33% when employing a Manning's coefficient of 0.3 within confined basin simulations. Furthermore, our parallel computing experiments demonstrate substantial computation speed enhancements; the speedup improves up to a point, with a notable 7.26-fold acceleration observed when utilizing eight threads compared to a single line. Moreover, more than a 10-fold acceleration is observed when the number of threads is greater than 16. This underscores the significance of parallelization in exploring mangrove contributions to coastal protection.

Purpose — This paper aims to analyze whether zakat management organizations need a blockchain zakat system in maintaining transparency of zakat management which can have an impact on increasing the amount of donations collected from muzakki. Method — This research is a qualitative research conducted with descriptive-analytic method through literature study. Result — Zakat management organizations have a duty to ensure transparent management of the funds they collect as public institutions, and therefore must be trustworthy. By adopting a blockchain-based zakat system, these organizations can enjoy various advantages such as trustlessness, immutability, decentralization, lower costs, peer-to-peer transactions, transparency, and universal banking. This technology can also help address existing issues within zakat institutions. Contribution — This study contributes to the existing literature on blockchain-based zakat system which is still rarely to be discussed.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a virus that infects an immune cell and makes the patient more susceptible to infections and other diseases. HIV is also a factor that leads to acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) disease. The active target that is usually used in the treatment of HIV is HIV-1 protease. Combining HIV-1 protease inhibitors and reverse-transcriptase inhibitors in highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is typically used to treat this virus. However, this treatment can only reduce the viral load, restore some parts of the immune system, and failed to overcome the drug resistance. This study aimed to build a QSAR model for predicting HIV-1 protease inhibitor activity using the gravitational search algorithm-neural network (GSA-NN) method. The GSA method is used to select molecular descriptors, while NN was used to develop the prediction model. The improvement of model performance was found after performing the hyperparameter tuning procedure. The validation results show that model 3, containing seven descriptors, shows the best performance indicated by the coefficient of determination (r2) and cross-validation coefficient of determination (Q2) values. We found that the value of r2 for train and test data are 0.84 and 0.82, respectively, and the value of Q2 is 0.81.

The clay used taken from Lontor Village, Central Maluku Regency, Banda Besar Island. The clay was activated at 350 °C for 3 hours using a furnace. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of physically activated Lontor natural clay in reducing levels of phosphate ions using the adsorption method. The adsorption capacity of clay is determined based on two parameters. The parameters are the optimum contact time used are 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 hours and variations of the concentration are 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 mg/L of phosphate. The concentration of phosphate adsorbed on the clay was measured by a UV-Vis spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 665 nm. The results showed that the optimum conditions for the adsorption of phosphate ions by Lontor natural clay were obtained at the contact time of 5 hours and the concentration of 40 mg/L. The adsorption of phosphate ions by Lontor activated natural clay followed the pseudo-second-order Lagergren adsorption kinetics model with a rate constant value (k2) of 3.39 x 10-1 g mg-1 min-1, and following the Freundlich adsorption isotherm models with a correlation coefficient (R2), Freundlich constant (Kf), and n values, respectively are 0.9513; 0.57 mg1-1/n L1/n/g, and 0.40 g/L.

Voltage control of magnetic anisotropy (VCMA) is one of the promising approaches for magnetoelectric control of magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ). Here, we systematically calculated the magnetic anisotropy (MA) and the VCMA energies in the well-known MTJ structure consisting of Fe/MgO interface with Cr buffer layer. In this calculation, we investigated an alloying between Fe and Cr and a strain effect. We used a spin density functional approach which includes both contributions from magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy (MCAE) originating from spin–orbit coupling and shape magnetic anisotropy energy from spin dipole–dipole interaction. In the present approach, the MCAE part, in addition to a common scheme of total energy, was evaluated using a grand canonical force theorem scheme. In the latter scheme, atom-resolved and k-resolved analyses for MA and VCMA can be performed. At first, we found that, as the alloying is introduced, the perpendicular MCAE increases by a factor of two. Next, as the strain is introduced, we found that the MCAE increases with increasing compressive strain with the maximum value of 2.2 mJ/m2. For the VCMA coefficient, as the compressive strain increases, the sign becomes negative and the absolute value becomes enhanced to the number of 170 fJ/Vm. By using the atom-resolved and k-resolved analyses, we clarified that these enhancements of MCAE and VCMA mainly originates from the Fe interface with MgO (Fe1) and are located at certain lines in the two dimensional Brillouin zone. The findings on MCAE and VCMA are fully explained by the spin-orbit couplings between the certain d-orbital states in the second-order perturbation theory.

The purpose of this study is to develop a valid and practical digital 3D books based on the mathematical understanding of a linear system with two variables. This study uses the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) development model. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, practicality tests, and validity questionnaires. The research samples were nine students and five mathematicians. The results of this study indicate that the use of digital 3D books is valid with a percentage of 92% and practicality with a percentage of 91.67%. In short, 3D books can be used in the learning process on a linear system of material with two variables and are easy to use for students. Teachers can facilitate the use of 3D books in mathematics learning classes, and students can also use this independently in learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the most significant effects of the Covid-19 Pandemic on adolescents is the learning system at schools or universities that switches online and the social environment limitation. The incapacity of adolescents to adapt during a pandemic can cause stress, which affects adolescents’ poor mental health. Therefore, efforts must be made to maintain adolescents’ mental health, including the provision of Spiritual Motivation Training and Emotion Regulation Workshops. The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of Spiritual Motivation Training and Emotion Regulation Workshop in reducing stress levels, enhancing emotional regulation skills, and improving adolescents’ mental health. This study employs action research methods. Observation, interviews, the Stress Inventory Scale, the Emotional Regulation Questionnaire, and the Mental Health Inventory were used to collect data. This study used a mixed-methods design. The Wilcoxon Test and the theories of Miles, Huberman, and Saldana were utilized to examine the data. 11 participants in this study filled out measurement instruments before and after receiving treatment. Spiritual Motivation Training and Emotion Regulation Workshop were found to be successful in reducing respondent stress and enhancing subject understanding of the steps involved in implementing emotion regulation, but less effective in improving respondent mental health.

The purpose of this article is to analyze the perceptions and experiences of undergraduate students in using strategies for reading texts during the Covid-19 pandemic. Researchers chose to use qualitative research in this study with a case study approach. The participants involved were 14 undergraduate students at the State Islamic University of Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin, Banten, West Java, Indonesia where participants were selected using the snowball sampling method. Data was collected through in-depth interviews which were then transcribed in which the names of participants were written pseudonymously. The collected data is then analyzed by the thematic analysis method. This study found that reading activities during the pandemic have their challenges and advantages and students have started to tend to get used to reading texts on a screen rather than reading in printout form, although some of them still prefer to read in printout form. The five main strategies in reading texts that are commonly used by students during the Covid-19 pandemic are memory association, retelling, previewing, identifying the main idea, and habituation. Researchers conclude that the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic have forced undergraduate students to get used to reading texts in on-screen form and reading strategies are still varied. Therefore, this research implies that the teaching and learning process should accommodate many strategies in reading texts based on proficiency in English and not dominate just one strategy.

Studies on the perception of Indonesian master’s degree students from various universities abroad on satisfaction with feedback in the learning process are still limited. This study aims to explore the perceptions of college students related to feedback and how the feedback enables students to sharpen and improve practical skills in the learning process. Researchers in this study uses a case study method included in qualitative research. Researchers interviewed 32 participants who were selected using the snowball sampling technique which consisted of master degree students from four countries: Indonesia, the United Kingdom, the United States of America, and Australia. The questions in this study focused on responses to various types of feedback based on the question and delivery, student expectations, and how feedback affects academic performance. This study found four major themes, namely the importance of being explicit in providing feedback, variations in giving feedback, comprehensive feedback students expect for lecturers in Indonesia, and using feedback to improve students’ academic performance.

Pandemi Covid-19 membuat ruang gerak semua orang menjadi terbatas, termasuk pada diri remaja. Remaja yang semestinya bebas untuk bersosialisasi dan berinteraksi, kini terbatasi oleh ruang-ruang online. Remaja disibukkan dengan sekolah online yang membuat lebih sibuk di dunia maya daripada di dunia nyata. Hal ini, tidak hanya menimbulkan kebosanan bagi remaja, melainkan juga berefek pada kesehatan mental remaja, sehingga membutuhkan rekan yang dapat membantu permasalahan yang dialami. Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk mengkaji efektifitas metode workshop dan simulasi sebagai wahana pemberdayaan remaja masjid dalam peningkatan skill konselor sebaya di masa pandemi Covid-19. Pendekatan penelitian mengkombinasikan metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif atau mixed method. Metode pengumpulan data berupa observasi serta wawancara terstruktur, pretest dan posttest. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah remaja masjid yang berjumlah 22 orang. Data kuantitatif dianalisis dengan statistik deskriptif teknik frekuensi. Adapun data kualitatif dianalisis menggunakan teknik Miles dan Huberman, yaitu; reduksi data, verifikasi data dan penyajian data. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah berupa peningkatan pengetahuan dan kompetensi yang ditunjukkan remaja masjid setelah mengikuti rangkaian workshop konselor sebaya. Responden yang memiliki pemahaman yang baik pada materi posttest sebesar 87% dan dalam simulasi responden mampu melakukan praktik konseling sebaya sesuai panduan. Abstract: The Covid 19 pandemic limited everyone's space, including adolescents. Online spaces now limit youths who should be free to socialize and interact. Adolescents are preoccupied with online schools, which make them busier in cyberspace than in the real world. This case causes boredom for adolescents and affects their mental health, thus requiring partners to help their problems. This study intends to examine the effectiveness of workshop and simulation methods to empower mosque youth in increasing peer counselor skills during the Covid-19 pandemic. The research approach combines quantitative and qualitative methods (mixed method). The data collection methods were observation, a structured interview, pretest and posttest. Respondents in this study were 22 mosque youths. The quantitative data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics with frequency technique. The qualitative data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman technique consisting of data reduction, data verification, and data presentation. This study's result is increased knowledge and competence shown by mosque youth after participating in peer counselor workshops and simulations. Respondents who had a good understanding of the posttest material were 87%, and in the simulation, respondents were able to practice peer counseling according to the guidelines.

Deradicalization has become a priority agenda of Islamic education studies in the last few decades. This study aims to comprehensively understand the efforts to deradicalize Islamic Education conducted by the Annuqayah Islamic boarding school in Madura, East Java, Indonesia. Researchers used qualitative methods with a case study. Data collection was done through in-depth interviews, documentation studies, and observations. The results of this study found ten efforts at deradicalization conducted by Annuqayah Islamic boarding school, i.e. (1) Reactualization of learning resources; (2) Strengthening anti-radicalism; (3) Increasing literacy and discussion skills; (4) Strengthening the spirits of nationalism; (5) Promoting the principle of wasathiyah (moderatism); (6) Applying the theological concept of Ahlus-Sunnah wal Jama’ah (the group who perform the sunnah); (7) Initiating anti-radicalism curriculum; (8) Implementing progressive manhaj; (9) Formulating halaqa (meetings) with ulama; and (10) Empowering friendship and brotherhood. The implications of this research provided considerations in evaluating the curriculum, teaching materials, and teaching and learning process to support the creation of Islamic education institutions that promote peace, non-violence, and rahmatan lil alamin.

The spread of the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic in many countries around the world has changed the learning-teaching process in higher education sectors from face-to-face learning to online learning. This study aims to understand undergraduate students’ views on the implementation of online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research was conducted on 4th to 8th-semester students at the Islamic higher education, Universitas Islam Indonesia, using a qualitative case study. Findings of the study have consisted of three broad themes; firstly, the advantages of online learning: increasing technological literacy, flexibility in learning, improving self-ability, being financially efficient, and supported various learning media; secondly, the weaknesses of online learning: heavy tasks, less effective and decreased enthusiasm, little control from the lecturers, and technical problems; thirdly, constructive feedback on the implementation of online learning: the creation of interesting learning videos, fun learning strategies, holding quizzes, notification of lectures to be multiplied, free internet quota, and additional time for working on assignments. The findings reinforce other studies where the implementation of online learning still requires improvements, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research can be a reference in policymaking. Further research is needed from the perspectives of lecturers and policymakers to complement the findings.