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The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of 0.5% urea and 0.5% urea plus 4% molasses (on weight basis) addition to sorghum silages ensiled using 4 sorghum varieties (Grass II, Grazer, Gozde, and P-988) harvested at the milk stage. Plant materials were ensiled in 1-kg jars and the chemical composition, pH, organic acids, in vitro digestibility (IVDMD) and digestible dry matter yield (DDMY) of the silages were determined. Addition of urea and urea plus molasses to silages increased the crude protein ratio significantly (P < 0.01). However, the addition of urea plus molasses significantly decreased the neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber contents of the silages. Additives significantly increased the pH values of the silages. The addition of urea and urea plus molasses to silages generally did not affect acetic or propionic acid content; however, the butyric acid content of the urea and urea plus molasses groups was higher than that of the control groups. IVDMD of all sorghum varieties decreased with the addition of urea and urea plus molasses. Additives did not affect DDMY. In conclusion, the addition of 0.5% urea and 0.5% urea plus 4% molasses to sorghum silages, harvested at the milk stage, improved the CP content of the silages, but they had no positive effect on silage quality, IVDMD or DDMY.

Direct-fed microbes (DFM) include bacteria, yeast or combination of them which are added into diet. They are commonly used to enhance growth rate, feed efficiency and egg yield in poultry rations. Yeast cultures (YC) contain viable yeast, metabolites, and the media on which the yeast cells are grown (Bradley and Savage, 1995). The addition of live yeast cultures to chick diets have been used to improve egg production. (Nahashon et al., 1996), animal performance (Onifade et al., 1998; Purushotha-man and Natanam, 1999), enhance feed-efficiency (Kahraman et al., 1996), improve, fatty acid digestibility, and to reduce abdominal fat content (Lacroix et al., 1991). In contrast, Elbert et al. (1987), Brake (1991) and Lacroix et al. (loc. cit.) have reported no effect of dietary YC in balanced chicken diets. The aim of this study was to assess egg yield and quality in hens fed different levels of yeast culture at last period of laying.

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate ensiling methods for more efficient and long lasting preservation of sugar beet pulp which is an energy rich cheap feedstuff For this reason during ensiling the dry matter of sugar beet pulp was increased to 20% by adding wheat straw or grass hay On the other hand 1 % urea + 5% beet molasses (SBPSM) and 0% urea + 5% beet molasses (SBPHM) were added to these silages containing wheat straw or grass hay respectively Two kinds of beet pulp silages corn silage and grass hay were utilized in lambs in this experiment In the digestion trial organic matter digestibilities were 60 39 58 99 55 80 and 60 03% (P