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AbstractOne of the ways to increase the financial capacity of village-owned enterprises is to strengthen their own assets. Sharia Banking, as a financial institution that carries out intermediation and social functions, has a strategic function in strengthening the assets of village-owned enterprises. Assets strengthening of village-owned enterprises, which can be carried out by Sharia banking through its intermediation and social functions, has become an interesting subject to research. This research combines normative legal research with analytical descriptive research parameters, especially research on secondary data in the form of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials, by collecting systematic information regarding relevant facts and rules. Strengthening the assets of village-owned enterprises can be carried out through the intermediation function of Sharia Banking, namely through murabahah, mudharabah, and musyarakah financing. Meanwhile, through the social function of Sharia Banking, strengthening the assets of village-owned enterprises can be sourced from grant funds and other social funds or can come from cash waqf funds and utilized through managing the potential business activities of village-owned enterprises. This research is expected to be useful for village-owned enterprises and Sharia Banking, especially in terms of increasing the assets of village-owned enterprises.

We report a 7-month-old Thai girl diagnosed with a Niemann-Pick Disease (NPD) Type A. Hepatosplenomegaly was initially noticed at the age of 2 months. She developed progressive neurodevelopmental delay at 5 months. Other typical manifestations include coarse facies, cherry red spot of macula, hypotonia, and failure to thrive. A liver biopsy demonstrated an accumulation of enlarged histiocytes with foamy appearance in hepatic sinusoids. An acid sphingomyelinase activity from dried blood spot showed low activity. A novel c.1241T>C variant in SMPD1 was identified. The patient died at 4 years of age due to neurological decline and respiratory failure. Even in type A, onset of systemic symptoms occurs before neurodevelopmental delay. NPD type A is exceptionally rare in Thailand. Infantile neurovisceral ASMD prognosis is poor, often fatal by age 3. No specific NPD type A treatment exists; supportive care is offered. Therefore, the case reveals a novel SMPD1 variant in typical NPD type A symptoms. Early progressive neurodevelopmental delay challenges treatment study.

The population's food needs are increasing during the COVID-19 pandemic. If the pandemic lasts longer, it is feared that a food crisis will occur, because residents will scramble to stock up on food. This study aims to analyze the efficiency level of rice productivity and the determinants that affect rice productivity to face the food crisis. This study uses secondary data and primary data, obtained from interviews. The data analysis method used is the Cobb-Douglas Stochastic Frontier Production Function approach with the Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) method and multiple linear regression, which is obtained using Stochastic Frontier Analysis and E-Views 8 analysis tools. Production of land area, seeds, and pesticides have a significant effect on rice production in Karawang Regency. While the use of production factors of urea fertilizer, NPK fertilizer, SP36 fertilizer and labors workdays did not have a significant effect on rice production in Karawang Regency. The level of technical efficiency in rice farming in Karawang Regency reaches 0.9607 which indicates that rice farming is technically close to efficient. The combination of the use of land area production factors, seeds, urea fertilizer, SP36 fertilizer in rice farming in Karawang Regency has not yet reached the optimal point that is economically efficient. The level of elasticity of production in rice farming in Karawang Regency reaches a value of 1.3971 so that rice production has a scale that is increasing return to scale.

This study’s aim is to perform an empirical analysis of the determinants that influence the solvency of family takaful enterprises, both at the full-fledged level and within the business unit of SharÊ‘ah compliant entities across countries in ASEAN. The data utilised within the study were obtained from the financial statements annually of 32 family takaful businesses and the World Bank Database, spanning 2017 to 2021. The solvency of an entity is assessed by utilising net assets divided by net contributions, which serve as the dependent variable in this context. According to the findings, a positive relationship exists between solvency and the following variables: profitability, investment ratio, liquidity, and firm size. The impact of wakalah fees on solvency is significantly related negatively. Nevertheless, it is essential to note that there is no inherent connection between GDP and inflation concerning solvency. The family takaful company in ASEAN has a relatively high solvency level. Thus, it can fulfil its obligation in the long run to meet the policyholder’s claim.

Indonesia as a country that embraces dual-banking systems recognizes Conventional Banking and Islamic Banking. One of the differences between the two systems is the social function on Islamic Banking Law. Islamic Banking Law recognizes social functions which one of them is to collect and channel cash waqf as Sharia Financial Institution for Receiving Cash Waqf (SFIRCW) . However, the responsibility that circulates cash waqf shows uncertainty on which party is to be responsible for the cash waqf. The method of writing used in this paper is normative juridical method, which will be linked to the practice of SFRICW on Islamic Banks. The practice for the implementation of SFIRCW can be seen on Bank Muamalat Indonesia (BMI). The practice shows that BMI on receiving Cash Waqf is not responsible for the management and the distribution of the cash waqf, and it is only Nazhir’s responsibility. This shows that Islamic Bank is responsible not only for the SFIRCW function but also the practice of wadi’ah agreement. Islamic Bank is responsible for saving and distributing cash waqf to Nazhir and guarantee that the money is available to be cashed out at all times. Additionally, Nazhir also bears responsibility for guaranteeing that cash waqf practice is carried out according to its means as in Sharia Principle and Rule of Laws. Indonesia merupakan negara yang mengakui dual-banking system yaitu Bank Konvensional dan Bank Syariah. Salah satu perbedaan dari kedua sistem tersebut adalah fungsi sosial pada UU Perbankan Syariah. UU Perbankan Syariah menyebutkan salah satu fungsi sosial adalah menghimpun dan menyalurkan dana wakaf uang sebagai Lembaga Keuangan Syariah Penerima Wakaf Uang(LKS PWU). Namun, pertanggungjawaban atas dana wakaf menimbulkan pertanyaan atas pihak mana yang harus bertanggungjawab atas dana tersebut. Metode penulisan artikel ini menggunakan metode normatif yuridis yang akan dihubungkan dengan praktik LKS PWU pada Bank Syariah. Praktik dari LKS PWU dapat dilihat dari Bank Muamalat Indonesia (BMI), di mana BMI menegaskan bahwa dalam menerima wakaf uang, BMI tidak bertanggung jawab untuk pengelolaan dan penyalurannya, dimana hal tersebut merupakan tanggung jawab Nazhir. Hal ini memperlihatkan bahwa Bank Syariah tidak hanya bertanggungjawab atas fungsi LKS PWU, namun juga praktik dari akad wadi’ah. Bank Syariah bertanggungjawab untuk menghimpun dan menyalurkan dana kepada Nazhir dan menjamin bahwa dana tersebut dapat diambil sewaktu-waktu. Selain itu, Nazhir memiliki tanggung jawab untuk menjamin bahwa praktik wakaf uang dapat dilaksanakan sesuai dengan tujuannya berdasarkan Prinsip Syariah dan Peraturan Perundang-Undangan.

Sarita Ratana-Amornpin,1 Ratha-Korn Vilaichone,1– 3 Muhammad Miftahussurur,3 Natsuda Aumpan,1 Kittipong Kaewkarnjanarat,1 Pongjarat Nun-anan,1 Soonthorn Chonprasertsuk,1 Sith Siramolpiwat,1,2 Patommatat Bhanthumkomol,1 Bubpha Pornthisarn,1 Tomohisa Uchida,4 Varocha Mahachai2,5 1Center of Excellence in Digestive Diseases and Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, Thammasat University Hospital, Pathumthani, Thailand; 2Department of Medicine, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine (CICM) at Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand; 3Gastroentero-Hepatology Section, Internal Medicine Department, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia; 4Department of Molecular Pathology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Japan; 5Gastrointestinal and Liver Center, Bangkok Medical Center, Bangkok, ThailandCorrespondence: Ratha-Korn Vilaichone Tel +662-926-9789Fax +662-926-9793Email Vilaichone@hotmail.co.thIntroduction: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) causes more than 200,000 women deaths annually. This study aimed to investigate the clinical features, provide prognostic factors for female patients with HCC, and performed a literature review on them in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN).Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of female patients with HCC at Thammasat University Hospital, Thailand between January 2009 and January 2019. Furthermore, important aspects of female patients with HCC in the ASEAN published in PubMed and Scopus up to October 2020 were extensively reviewed.Results: A total of 187 female patients with HCC were included (mean age 65.7± 11.9 years). Elderly females were diagnosed with HCC at a more advanced stage than younger individuals (37.0% vs 23.2%, p=0.049, OR 1.94, 95% CI 1.00– 3.78) and the younger group had a significantly higher overall 2-year survival rate than the elderly group (65.0% vs 45.5%, p=0.03, OR 2.23, 95% CI 1.09– 4.57). Abdominal pain (HR 9.89, 95% CI 2.85– 34.38, p< 0.001), ascites at presentation (HR 2.77, 95% CI 1.11– 6.92, p=0.03), ruptured hepatoma (HR 14.68, 95% CI 12.60– 83.09, p=0.002), advanced-stage HCC (HR 9.74, 95% CI 1.89– 50.26; p=0.007), and serum hypoalbuminemia (HR 4.67, 95% CI 1.62– 13.50, p=0.004) were significantly associated with poor survival rate. From the ASEAN, a total of 543 females HCC patients from 6 studies were extensively reviewed. Chronic hepatitis B infection was among the pre-existing liver disease leading to HCC in ASEAN. HCC in females of the ASEAN occurred most often at an advanced age and had a grave prognosis.Conclusion: HCC affects a large number of females, especially in Thailand and the ASEAN, is diagnosed at an advanced stage and had a grave prognosis. Abdominal pain, ascites, ruptured HCC, advanced-stage HCC, and serum hypoalbuminemia are associated with poor prognosis. Early detection of HCC and prompt treatment in patients at risk could result in better survival outcomes.Keywords: clinical features, outcomes, females, hepatocellular carcinoma

The development and constant improvement of accurate predictive models of electricity generation from photovoltaic systems provide valuable planning tools for designers, producers, and self-consumers. In this research, an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference model (ANFIS) was developed, which is an intelligent hybrid model that integrates the ability to learn by itself provided by neural networks and the function of language expression, how fuzzy logic infers, and an ANFIS model optimized by the particle swarm algorithm, both with a predictive capacity of about eight months. The models were developed using the Matlab® software and trained with four input variables (solar radiation, module temperature, ambient temperature, and wind speed) and the electrical power generated from a photovoltaic (PV) system as the output variable. The models’ predictions were compared with the experimental data of the system and evaluated with rigorous statistical metrics, obtaining results of RMSE = 1.79 kW, RMSPE = 3.075, MAE = 0.864 kW, and MAPE = 1.47% for ANFIS, and RMSE = 0.754 kW, RMSPE = 1.29, MAE = 0.325 kW, and MAPE = 0.556% for ANFIS-PSO, respectively. The evaluations indicate that both models have good predictive capacity. However, the PSO integration into the hybrid model allows for improving the predictive capability of the behavior of the photovoltaic system, which provides a better planning tool.

Introduction: Lupus nephritis (LN) is a renal manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), an autoimmune disease more common in females. Clinicopathological manifestations and outcomes of LN in males are uncertain. Objectives: To assess and compare clinicopathological manifestations and outcomes of males and females with LN. Patients and Methods: Patients with LN were identified from database (male 94, female 344). Clinical manifestations, laboratory data, renal histopathology and outcome were retrieved and compared. Results: Compared to females, males were more likely to present with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) (21.3% versus 11.6%, P = 0.026) and low-serum complement (76.6% versus 63.7%, P = 0.019). While asymptomatic hematuria and/or proteinuria was the second most common clinical manifestation in females (40%), no males presented with this manifestation. Although LN class IV was most common in both groups, males were more likely to have LN class IV with most severe form of renal manifestation than females (50% versus 38.7%, P = 0.048). Males showed tendency for poorer renal survival, but without statistical significance. Conclusion: Males with LN had more severe clinicopathological manifestations than females. Clinicians should be aware of SLE with LN in males in order to make timely diagnosis and treatment.

Indonesia is crowned as country with enormous Muslim inhabitants in the world which also has a huge potential in improving the welfare of its people through Islamic social finance instruments, especially money waqf. Social funds such as waqf are often ignored due to their non-commercial nature, whereas it has tremendous potential when it productively managed. Indonesia require a better waqf management and one of the solution is to establish a waqf bank. Waqf bank is an institution which is detach from any orientation of economic profit and fully dedicated to social welfare. Yet, a further research is still required to discover a proper waqf bank business entity. This research was engaging a normative juridical research method with analytical descriptive approach. In maximizing the money waqf management in Indonesia, the business entity model which can be established is Sharia Banking, with a focus as a manager of money waqf which is in line with its aim and function carried out in Sharia Banking Law, Sharia Bank also has a social function, one of which as a Sharia Financial Institutions of Money Waqf Recipient.

Proximal humerus fractures increase with the aging of the population. Due to the high failure rates of surgical treatments such as open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), biomechanical studies seek to optimize the treatments and intervening factors to improve the quality of life of people undergoing these treatments. The aim of the present study was to determine the optimal insertion angle configuration of screws used in a two-part proximal humerus fracture-locking plate osteosynthesis treatment based on finite element analysis (FEA). A series of 3D models of PHILOS locking plates with different screw insertion angle configurations were designed using a matrix system for screw angulation. The locking plate models were evaluated in a two-part proximal humerus fracture with surgical neck fracture under bending and compressive loading conditions using FEA and statistically analyzed using a design of experiments (DOE). The optimal screw insertion angle setting showed an improvement in relation to the interfragmentary strain value of the fracture. Moreover, calcar screws were the most significant feature in fracture stability throughout the tests, followed by the divergence of the most proximal screws and the proximal–distal alignment of the locking plate.

This study examined the acute effects of the elevation training mask (ETM) on haemodynamics and heart rate variability (HRV) at rest, during cycling, and during recovery in healthy adults. Fifteen healthy male (N=9) and female (N=6) adults (27.0 ± 1.14 years) completed two trials with the mask (MASK) and without the mask (CON). The 40-minute cycling exercise protocol included 10-minute phases of (1) rest, (2) 50% of VO 2peak cycling, (3) 70% of VO 2peak cycling, and (4) recovery. Blood pressure and pulse oximetry saturation (S P O 2 ) were measured at each phase. An Actiwave-Cardio ECG monitor (CamNtech, UK) was used to measure HRV variables including time and frequency domains. A greater response in systolic blood pressure (p=.035) was observed at rest while S P O 2 (p=.033) was lower during high-intensity cycling (70% of VO 2peak ) in the MASK trial. The HRV indices were not different between trials during cycling. However, heart rate (p=.047) was greater while inter-beat interval and sympathovagal balance (the ratio between low-frequency and high-frequency components; ln LF/HF, p=.01) were lower in the MASK than the CON trials during recovery. Wearing an ETM during high-intensity cycling (70% of VO 2peak ) induces modest hypoxaemia. Although this device did not affect HRV changes during cycling, it seems to delay the cardiac-autonomic recovery from exercise. Healthy adults may be required to perform high-intensity exercise with an ETM to simulate a hypoxic environment, but future studies are needed to determine whether repeated exposure to this condition provides similar benefits as altitude training.

ASEAN Banking Integration Framework (ABIF) provides market access and operational flexibility for Quality ASEAN Banks (QAB) in ASEAN countries. Indonesian sharia banking is faced with various challenges in fulfilling QAB qualification within this ABIF framework, one of which is the need for product innovations that can meet the needs of community transactions. One of the innovation is through hybrid contract. This study aims to analyze the validity of the use of contract hybrid in the innovation of Sharia banking products in order to encounter ABIF including its legal consequences under the prevailing laws and regulations in Indonesia. This paper was a normative juridical research with analytical descriptive approach. The validity of the use of hybrid contract in the innovation of Islamic banking products in Indonesia in order to encounter ABIF is based on the provisions of the DSN-MUI Fatwa which regulates the covenants used in the innovation of Islamic banking products, so that sharia banking that will make product innovation in Indonesia must ask Fatwa on the terms of contract which will be used in product innovation. The legal consequences of hybrid contract in the innovation of sharia banking products in Indonesia in order to face ABIF are subject to the provisions of Financial Services Authority Regulation (POJK) of Products and Activities of Sharia Banks and Sharia Business Units, so banks are required to apply the Sharia Principles in issuing their product innovation supported by the National Sharia Council Fatwa of the Indonesian Ulama Council which become the basis for the issuance of product innovation and accompanied by the Sharia Supervisory Board's opinion on the Product's innovation.

During a Severe Accident (SA) occurring in a nuclear power plant, many Fission Products (FP) are released from the degraded fuel and are transported in the Reactor Coolant System (RCS). Depending on their volatility, FP can be either deposited on the surface of the Reactor Coolant System (RCS) or transported into the containment building from where they may be released into the environment in case of early containment failure. This was the case for the Fukushima Daiichi (FD) accident with important FP releases which were observed following the containment vessel failure which lasted up to several weeks after the accident. If early phase releases were well predicted by SA simulation codes, delayed releases were not correctly predicted [1]. Such discrepancies can be attributed to the revaporization of deposits inside the RCS which were not yet modeled in the SA simulation tools. Previous experiments over the past 20 years evidenced the possible formation and revaporization of CsI [2]. However, up to now, no clear CsI revaporization mechanism has been determined. In order to propose a mechanism, this study (scheduled within the OECD/NEA/ESTER project) aims at determining the speciation of each species remaining on the substrate after revaporization tests under different conditions using XPS and ToF-SIMS (X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Time of Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry. These two combined techniques allow the identification of the main species of the residue leading to the proposition of two revaporization reactions.

Monitoring level of methotrexate is not only aimed at monitoring effectiveness, but also safety aspects of the administration of high-dose methotrexate because the use of high-dose methotrexate is one of the problems associated with toxicity in various organs. In the use of high-dose methotrexate, measurement of methotrexate is important to identify patients with a high risk of toxicity, particularly nephrotoxicity as well as for dosing guidelines for leucovorin therapy. The aim of this study was to analyze the safety of high-dose methotrexate on kidney function during chemotherapy consolidation phase in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. This was a longitudinal, observational prospective study conducted to determine the safety profile of high-dose methotrexate on kidney function during chemotherapy consolidation phase in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Patients who met the inclusion criteria were given high-dose methotrexate according to the 2013 Indonesian ALL Chemotherapy Protocol. Measurement of methotrexate level and kidney function was done 3 times on each cycle of chemotherapy consolidation phase. Measurements were made on the 0, 24 and 48 hours after the first drop of high-dose methotrexate. This study had been reviewed by Ethics Committee of Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya. There were 12 patients who met inclusion criteria and 6 patients among them had finished their chemotherapy consolidation phase completely. There was no significant change in kidney function after the administration of high-dose methotrexate compared to baseline (p>0.05) and there was no significant correlation between serum level of methotrexate versus creatinine clearance. In conclusion, methotrexate was safe to use in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Pneumonia is an infectious disease that causes acute inflammation of the lung parenchyma and compaction exudate in the lung tissue. In addition to causing significant morbidity and mortality, pneumonia is also difficult to diagnose, treatments are less precise and less taken seriously. Pneumonia caused the death of 14% of children under five in Indonesia, with a mortality rate of 83 children per day. The difficulty of diagnosis, the selection of a less appropriate antibiotics, side effects, differences in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the drug in infants and antibiotics resistance is to be a problem in itself. Therefore it is necessary to study the analysis of the use of antibiotics in patients with pneumonia of children aged 3 months till 5 years. The aim of this research to analyze antibiotics therapy in patients with pneumonia of children aged 3 months till 5 years. Method: an observational cohort analysis was carried out in the Pediatrics Respirology Division Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya. Data was collected from February to May 2014. Patients who met the inclusion criteria were observed prospectively and the quantity and quality of antibiotics usage assessed with Gyssens category. Result: from February to May 2014 period, prospectively, the antibiotics usage quantitative evaluation used DDD/patient days shows that ampicillin 34.39DDD/100 patient days. Qualitative evaluation using Gyssens category on 75 antibiotics therapy shows that 32% considered appropriate. So, this study showed that ampicillin is most widely and qualitative analysis, only 32% of rational use of antibiotics.

Because of the scattered pieces of documents both in Khmer and English about the education systems in Cambodia from the prehistoric period to the present, we have tried to collect all the related documents to review and then combined them into one piece. The combined piece from this review makes it a lot easier for all the researchers and readers who want to know about the education system in Cambodia from the past to the present since the piece has highlighted all the stages of the education process in Cambodia along with the review from the look into the history of Cambodia. This article also looks into the future of the education strategic plan (ESP) in Cambodia based on the policy of the Royal Government of the Kingdom of Cambodia and ESP put forth by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport (MoEYS).

Infection of the central nervous system in pediatric patients have a high mortality as well as acute and chronic neurological sequelae. Signs of the disease are unclear, so cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) test is used as a gold standard for diagnosis, but the investigation has faced many obtacles. Empiric antibiotic therapy is the key factor in reducing morbidity and mortality. Microbiological culture result is obtained within 5-7 days. The effectiveness of empirical antibiotic use is questionable. Therefore, other investigations are conducted to determine the effectiveness of antibiotics by using one marker, the CRP. This study was to analyze CRP level in supporting antibiotic therapy effectiveness in pediatric patients with central nervous system (CNS) infections. A prospective cohort study was conducted to determine the relationship of CRP with other parameters, including clinical, microbiological and laboratory, in pediatric patients with central nervous system infections. Patients meeting blood samples criteria were taken before (H0), the third day (H3) and the fifth day (H5) after antibiotics administration. This study involved 10 patients with central nervous system infections (meningoencephalitis, encephalitis and encephalitis with cerebral edema). Six patients were male, with ages less than a year. Antibiotic treatment effectiveness was associated with improved condition of the patients' CRP level. It was 3.558 ±3.196 before (H0), 3.878±2.813 on the third day (H3) and 3.891±2.204 on the fifth day (H5) after antibiotic administration. Leukocyte levels were 13.680±1.660 before (H0), 17.832±7.213 on the third day (H5), and 10.546±3.671 on the fifth day (H5) after antibiotic administration. Pearson's correlation test analysis performed on CRP and WBC parameters showed H0 p=0.981, CRP and WBC H3 p=0.621, while CRP and WBC H5 obtained significance p=0.644. There was no significant correlation observed between CRP and WBC parameters before and after antibiotic administration. In conclusion, there was no correlation of CRP levels with clinical, laboratory and micobiological parameters in patients with central nervous system infections.

In this manuscript, distinct approaches were used in order to obtain the best electrical power estimation from photovoltaic systems located at different selected places in Mexico. Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) and Gradient Descent Optimization (GDO) were applied as statistical methods and they were compared against an Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) as an intelligent technique. The data gathered involved solar radiation, outside temperature, wind speed, daylight hour and photovoltaic power; collected from on-site real-time measurements at Mexico City and Hermosillo City, Sonora State. According to our results, all three methods achieved satisfactory performances, since low values were obtained for the convergence error. The GDO improved the MLR results, minimizing the overall error percentage value from 7.2% to 6.9% for Sonora and from 2.0% to 1.9% for Mexico City; nonetheless, ANFIS overcomes both statistical methods, achieving a 5.8% error percentage value for Sonora and 1.6% for Mexico City. The results demonstrated an improvement by applying intelligent systems against statistical techniques achieving a lesser mean average error.

Georgian polyphonic chant and folk song is beginning to receive scholarly attention outside its homeland, and is a useful case study in several respects. This study focuses on the theological nature of its musical material, examining relevant examples in light of the patristic understanding of hierarchy and prototype and of iconography and liturgy. After brief historical and theological discussions, chant variants and paraliturgical songs from various periods and regions are analysed in depth, using a primarily geometrical approach, describing the iconography and significance of style, musical structure, contrapuntal relationships, melodic figuration, and ornamentation. Aesthetics and compositional processes are discussed, and the theological approach in turn sheds light on questions of historical development. It is demonstrated that Georgian polyphony is a rich repository of theology of the Trinity and the Incarnation, and the article concludes with broad theological reflections on the place of sound as it relates to text, prayer, and tradition over time.

In this study, the relation among different meteorological variables and the electrical power from photovoltaic systems located at different selected places in Mexico were presented. The data was collected from on-site real-time measurements from Mexico City and the State of Sonora. The statistical estimation by the gradient descent method demonstrated that solar radiation, outdoor temperature, wind speed, and daylight hour influenced the electric power generation when it was compared with the real power of each photovoltaic system. According to our results, 97.63% of the estimation results matched the real data for Sonora and 99.66% the results matched for Mexico City, achieving overall errors less than 7% and 2%, respectively. The results showed an acceptable performance since a satisfactory estimation error was achieved for the estimation of photovoltaic power with a high determination coefficient R2.

Muestras de BaFe12-2x(SnSn)xO19 y BaFe12-2x(NiSn)xO19 con composición de 0 A x A 0.4 y 0 A x A 0.3 respectivamente, fueron procesadas por molienda alta energía. La mezcla Sn2+-Sn4+ mejoró considerablemente la magnetización de saturación, Ms, (de 60.9 a 66.15 A.m2/kg) y disminuyó rápidamente la coercitividad intrínseca, Hci, (381.1-72.33 kA/m) a valores apropiados para aplicaciones en el registro magnético de alta densidad, con pequeños valores de sustitución. Por otro lado, la mezcla Ni2+-Sn4+ también disminuyó rápidamente la coercitividad intrínseca (disminución ~ 75%) pero sin mejorar la magnetización de saturación. Las diferencias mostradas en las propiedades magnéticas fueron principalmente debido a la naturaleza magnética del ión divalente y a la presencia de fases secundarias. Mezclas con Sn2+ disminuyeron marcadamente la temperatura de Curie (Tc ~21%).

En el presente artículo se muestra una metodología de diseño de observadores con entradas desconocidas para la solución del problema de Detección de Fallas. La técnica propuesta se basa principalmente en la observación de señales de error conocidas como residuos, las cuales se obtienen mediante la diferencia entre la salida actual del sistema y la salida estimada. Un observador con entradas desconocidas tiene la particularidad de que su vector de error de estimación tiende a cero asintóticamente, sin considerar la presencia de las entradas desconocidas o perturbaciones en el sistema. El algoritmo de detección se aplica satisfactoriamente en un sistema hidráulico de nivel de líquido tanto en simulación como en tiempo real.

A novel modeling tool for calculation of central receiver concentrated flux distributions is presented, which takes into account drift effects. This tool is based on a drift model that includes different geometrical error sources in a rigorous manner and on a simple analytic approximation for the individual flux distribution of a heliostat. The model is applied to a group of heliostats of a real field to obtain the resulting flux distribution and its variation along the day. The distributions differ strongly from those obtained assuming the ideal case without drift or a case with a Gaussian tracking error function. The time evolution of peak flux is also calculated to demonstrate the capabilities of the model. The evolution of this parameter also shows strong differences in comparison to the case without drift.

ICT in the Malaysian education system serves as a tool to accomplish the National Education Blueprint 2015-2025. Under this blueprint, privileged groups such as the aborigines or Malaysian aboriginals will be given equal opportunity in education. However, a specific classroom teaching method is required to maintain the aboriginal students' focus and attention on their learning experiences due to their unique paradigm of learning. This study used the Partial Least Square (PLS) and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) tool to examine the factors influencing personalised learning and digital self-learning ICT literacy module. It also measured the impact of personalised learning and digital ICT literacy module among secondary aboriginal students. This study involved 92 aboriginal students who participated in a transferable skills and ICT programme held in a public university in Malaysia. Results show that personalised learning positively supported the use of a digital ICT literacy module as a teaching and learning approach. Therefore, this study suggests that the digital ICT literacy module is an adaptive educational resource for personalised learning to meet the learning needs of aboriginal students.

Abstract Background Tobacco control is an area where the translation of evidence into policy would seem to be straightforward, given the wealth of epidemiological, behavioural and other types of research available. Yet, even here challenges exist. These include information overload, concealment of key (industry-funded) evidence, contextualization, assessment of population impact, and the changing nature of the threat. Methods In the context of Israel's health targeting initiative, Healthy Israel 2020, we describe the steps taken to develop a comprehensive tobacco control strategy. We elaborate on the following: a) scientific issues influencing the choice of tobacco control strategies; b) organization of existing evidence of effectiveness of interventions into a manageable form, and c) consideration of relevant philosophical and political issues. We propose a framework for developing a plan and illustrate this process with a case study in Israel. Results Broad consensus exists regarding the effectiveness of most interventions, but current recommendations differ in the emphasis they place on different strategies. Scientific challenges include integration of complex and sometimes conflicting information from authoritative sources, and lack of estimates of population impact of interventions. Philosophical and political challenges include the use of evidence-based versus innovative policymaking, the importance of individual versus governmental responsibility, and whether and how interventions should be prioritized. The proposed framework includes: 1) compilation of a list of potential interventions 2) modification of that list based on local needs and political constraints; 3) streamlining the list by categorizing interventions into broad groupings of related interventions; together these groupings form the basis of a comprehensive plan; and 4) refinement of the plan by comparing it to existing comprehensive plans. Conclusions Development of a comprehensive tobacco control plan is a complex endeavour, involving crucial decisions regarding intervention components. "Off the shelf" plans, which need to be adapted to local settings, are available from a variety of sources, and a multitude of individual recommendations are available. The proposed framework for adapting existing approaches to the local social and political climate may assist others planning for smoke-free societies. Additionally, this experience has implications for development of evidence-based health plans addressing other risk factors.