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Background: Suicide pacts are always tragic though they remain under-identified and under-reported. History and fiction are full of them, though they would only represent less than one percent of all suicides in Occident. A suicide pact is an agreement made between two or more people to commit suicide together and requires a reciprocal consent but also intent, volition and capability. Victims, motivations and operating methods are multiple, and continue to diversify even more with Internet and social media. How can we identify people at risk?, Subjects and Methods: Between November 2023 and May 2024, a literature search based on electronic bibliographic databases as well as other sources of information (grey literature) was conducted in order to investigate the most recent data on suicide pacts and especially how they evolved with Internet and social media., Results: Different categories of suicide pacts can be made, but the typical template for a prospective suicide pact describes as two withdrawn individuals, in a tight and close relationship, who feel ensnared in a desperate and unmitigable situation., Conclusions: Prevention can done at various levels, but screening individuals who fit the profile for risk would certainly be a start. To identify a suicide pact, forensics, criminology and sociology need to be considered.

Background: Shopping is a reality for all of us; it can also be a pleasure or a source of problem, depending on the psychology behind it and our decision making. Furthermore, our spending patterns were seriously shaken and impacted by the COVID pandemic; restrictions, safety measures and lockdown generated changes in the way we buy. So, what has changed and why?, Subjects and Methods: Between January 2023 and May 2023, a literature search based on electronic bibliographic databases as well as other sources of information (grey literature) was conducted in order to investigate the most recent data on shopping habits and especially how they were impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic., Results: Various shopping behaviors observed post COVID, such as the urge to splurge, emotional spending, revenge buying and problematic shopping behavior, can be read and explained via psychology. Customers's socio-demographic characteristics play considerable roles in new buying patterns, but some general changes show that online shopping and contactless payment have certainly increased, consumers are more aware of their spending habits, looking for value first and not remaining loyal to brand, homebody economy has risen and money is rather spent on domestic tourism instead of foreign holidays., Conclusions: A lot of buying habits have changed during COVID-19 and many of these modifications will remain in a post pandemic world. If many consumers gained some insight in their spending behaviors and are looking for durability and sustainability as preferred choices, luxury products will always attract clients. Shopping being emotionally driven, money should rather been spent on experiences (rather than things) and on others (rather than ourselves) in order to make happy.

In surgical practice, numerous sources of stress (stressors) are unpredictable, two examples being daily workload and postoperative complications. They may help to explain surgeon burnout, of which the prevalence (34 to 53%) has been the subject of many studies. That said, even though assessments are legion, recommended solutions have been few and far between, especially insofar as by nature and training, surgeons are disinclined to interest themselves in burnout, which they are prone to consider as something experienced by "others". The objective of this attempt at clarification is to identify in the literature the strategies put forward in view of avoiding surgeon burnout, and to assess the impact of this phenomenon not only on the surgeon's professional and personal entourage, but also on patient safety. Prevention-based strategies, many of them focused on modifiable stressors, will be detailed., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Purpose of the Study: To assess the stress factors affecting operating theater nurses during the perioperative period., Patients and Methods: The study was conducted as a cross-sectional survey by means of a specifically drawn-up questionnaire based on the data available in the literature. Stress was measured on a 0/100 visual analogue scale (VAS)., Results: Six hundred and twelve (612) persons responded. Stress associated with an operation amounted to 31.8; it was higher at the time of the procedure (49.6) and immediately beforehand (39.4), particularly among the least experienced nurses. The most widely represented stress factors were associated with the surgical team (perceived incompetence, lack of confidence), relational problems with regard to the surgeon, and team members' disruptive behavior. By contrast, familiarity with the team or the procedure seemed to shield the nurses from stress. Feelings of stress had a relatively frequent impact on quality of life (33%), family and personal life (26%), with chronic (recurrent or constant) stress symptoms reported among 20% of respondents., Conclusion: Among operating theater nurses, stress associated with an operation was particularly strong among the least experienced professionals, when the type of procedure or the other team members were unfamiliar, and in the event of disruptive behavior. Stress factor improvement should be a priority, the objective being to enhance professional and personal quality of life, while better ensuring patient safety., (Copyright © 2021. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.)

Starting in December 2019 in Wuhan Municipal Health Commission, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has crossed the borders forming a pandemic in 2020. The absence of pharmacological interventions has pushed governments to apply different sets of old, non-pharmacological interventions, which are, though temporary, helpful to prevent further pandemic propagation. In the context of COVID-19, research confirms that quarantine is useful, mainly if applied early and if combined with other public health measures. However, the efficacy of quarantine and isolation is limited in many ways, ranging from legal issues and suspension of economic activities to mental health considerations. This chapter is an exploration of (i) epidemiological impact of isolation and quarantine; (ii) emotional impact of isolation and quarantine; and (iii) the possible effect of culture on quarantine experience.

Background: Infanticide is not a new concept. It is often confused with child murder, neonaticide, filicide or even genderside. Each of these concepts has to be defined clearly in order to be understood. Through time reasons for infanticide have evolved depending on multiple factors such as culture, religion, beliefs system, or attempts to control the population. It was once seen as a moral virtue. So what has changed?, Subjects and Methods: Between January 2020 and May 2020, a literature search based on electronic bibliographic databases as well as other sources of information (grey literature) was conducted in order to investigate the most recent data on infanticide and child murder, especially the newest socio-economic and psychiatric considerations as well as the different reasons why a mother or a father ends up killing their own child and the Irish situation., Results: Recent works on the subject demonstrate how some new socio economic factors and family considerations impact on infanticide. Mental illness, especially depression and psychosis, is often part of the picture and represent a very high risk factor to commit infanticide and filicide. Fathers and mothers do not proceed the same way nor for the same reasons when they kill their offspring. Neonaticide and infanticide are almost always committed by women. A recent case in Ireland (2020) proves how filicide remains an actual problem., Conclusions: Filicide is a relatively rare event, and therefore particularly impact both the public and the press when it occurs. Infanticide does not result from a unique cause, but from multiple factors (some being well known, some remaining hypothetical). Psychopathological and socio-economical parameters associated to peculiar family grounds are currently prevalent. To help and prevent infanticide, screening for psychiatric disorders and risk factors and treating or offering assistance to parents at risk should be implemented.

Background: Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID), at the cross roads of eating and feeding disorders, is sometimes called an "umbrella diagnosis" as it covers a certainly large and rather heterogeneous list of eating symptoms. It came with the DSM5 (2013) but still, there are no clear guidelines re diagnosis and treatment., Purpose: Through this case, we aim to report not only a presentation of ARFID, but also how this relatively new and emerging diagnostic category has been identified and managed on a Pediatric Ward, in a General Hospital., Subjects and Methods: This study reports the case of a 12y old girl Irish girl with ARFID treated by a multi-disciplinary team on a Pediatric Ward in a general hospital. A literature review regarding ARFID was concomitantly carried on, in order to consider the current therapeutic options recommended., Results: 3 admissions on a pediatric Ward were necessary for this patient with ARFID, who was successfully managed with a partial hospitalization model, Family Based Treatment (FBT) and Mirtazapine., Conclusions: The dynamic around the management of this condition is the occasion to discuss the other therapeutic options suggested these days, and more specifically the different pharmacological molecules that have also been used in young patients with ARFID and the importance of involving a multi-disciplinary team.

In Wexford and Waterford, an "out of hours" child psychiatric service has been developed, in order to provide help when the regular Child Psychiatry services (CAMHS) are not accessible. Providing a service for under 18 years old patients with mental health issues presenting in the Emergency Department (ED) of a General hospital, it functions with extremely limited resources (a consultant psychiatrist and a doctor in psychiatric training), and therefore needs an efficient triage procedure. The purpose of this article is to review the literature about existing triage tools, and especially the 2016 Irish Children's Triage System (ICTS) and to discuss how to optimise triaging our specific patients in this new 'out of hours' CAMHS cover for Waterford /Wexford area. CONCLUSION: A post triage tool and some clinical changes could improve the service.