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The first morphologically recognized cell of erythrocytopoiesis is erythroblast. During the maturation of erythrocytes from the erythroblast to the mature cell undergo the following major changes: the basophilia of the cytoplasm of the cell (due to the presence of significant RNA content in the ribosomes) is changed first by polychromatophilia, and then (due to the increased hemoglobin and decreased RNA content and loss of all the organelles; oxyphilia; the nucleus is compacted, pycnotized and pushed out of the cell; cell sizes in the process of differentiation decrease from 15–25 to 7–8 microns. In the analysis of postnatal erythrocytopoiesis in the normal and pathology, in order to obtain reliable information, it is necessary adding to the official names there synonyms which are used by our and foreign hematologists. Summarizing the terminology of the cellular elements of postnatal erythrocytopoiesis of animals on the basis of their morphological specificity can be represented as follows:1. Erythroblast (synonyms – proerythroblast, rubriblast) → 2. Pronormoblast (synonyms – pronormocyte, prorubricytis) → 3. Normoblast basophilic (synonyms – normocyte basophilic, rubricyte basophilic) → 4. Normoblast polychromatophilophil. Normoblast oxyphilic (otrochromatic) (synonyms – normocyte oxyphilic (orthochromatic), metarubricyte) → 6. Reticulocyte → 7. Mature erythrocyte. Under physiological conditions, the need in the red blood cells is ensured by enhanced reproduction of polychromatophilic normoblasts. If the body’s need for red blood cells increases (for example, in the case of blood loss), normoblasts begin to develop from precursors, and the latter – from stem hematopoietic cells. Class IV cells (erythroblast, pronormoblast, basophilic normoblast and large young normoblast polychromatophilic cells) are capable of division. Class V cells (normocyte oxyphilic and bone marrow and blood reticulocytes) are not capable of division, they only mature. The process of hemoglobinization in cells of the erythroid row begins in the basophilic normoblasts and ends in the reticulocytes. In mature red blood cells (class VI cells) the formation of hemoglobin does not occur