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Aim: The purpose of the work was to study the possibility of using Dihydroquercetin in rehabilitation programs for patients with coronary artery disease after Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery in order to increase the effectiveness of rehabilitation, which has notable scientific and practical significance. Materials and Methods: The methodological basis of the research is based on systemic, historical, terminological, and informational approaches. Results: The results of the study showed the high clinical effectiveness of Dihydroquercetin in the complex medical rehabilitation of patients with coronary artery disease who underwent the operation. The pill intake did not affect indicators of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, which indicates its metabolic neutrality. None of the patients had any worsening of the condition, increased frequency of angina attacks, or episodes of painless ischemia. All patients indicated good tolerability of the drug, and improvement in general well-being (reduction or disappearance of shortness of breath, decrease in pain intensity, increase in activity, improvement in sleep). The implementation of the optimized rehabilitation program also contributed to the improvement of the psychoemotional state of the patients. Conclusions: Complex medical rehabilitation of patients with coronary heart disease after Coronary artery bypass grafting surgery according to a program with the inclusion of Dihydroquercetin helps to improve the rheological properties of blood, strengthen the active vasomotor mechanisms of MC regulation, improve indicators of central and peripheral hemodynamics, blood oxygenation, increase in exercise tolerance, improve psycho-emotional the condition, which ultimately ensure an increase in the rehabilitation effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim: is to study the therapeutic effectiveness of the new veterinary medicinal product Revozyn RTU 400 mg/ml (suspension for injections), manufactured by Eurovet Animal Health B.V. (Netherlands), in the treatment of acute (clinical) and hidden (subclinical) mastitis in cows during lactation. Materials and methods. The research was conducted on dairy cows of the Simmental breed with a milk productivity of 6000-6500 kg of milk per lactation (F "Pchany-Denkovich ", Pchany village, Stryi district, Lviv region). To confirm the diagnosis of "acute mastitis" and to identify cows with hidden (subclinical) mastitis, as well as to establish the effectiveness of the researched drug after treatment, a sample was taken with the California Mastitis Test (CMT), manufactured by Bayer Animal Health GmbH, Germany. For bacteriological research, milk samples were taken from the affected quarters of the mammary gland (1 sample from each cow) in compliance with generally accepted sanitary rules. The sensitivity of bacterial isolates to the drug was determined by diffusion in agar using standard discs with benzylpenicillin. Results. A clinical examination of 127 Simmental dairy cows of different periods of lactation was carried out. During the clinical-diagnostic examination of animals, 8 cows with clinically pronounced, acute course of mastitis were found. According to the nature of the exudate in 3 cows, mastitis was serous, in 5 cows it was purulent- catarrhal. For serous mastitis, the CM test gave a positive result - thickening, the milk solution looks like a gel. In case of purulent catarrh, a sample with the CMT gave a strongly positive result - the mixture thickened, the gel took on a certain shape and became very viscous. The CMT revealed 12 cows with suspected latent mastitis. Representatives of opportunistic microflora - Streptococcus agalactiae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli bacteria were isolated and identified from mastitis milk. The summarized results of the clinical trial of the drugs Revozyn RTU 400 mg/ml and Procillin® 30 % on cows suffering from the clinical form of mastitis were as follows. On the 10th day of the experiment, a milk sample with the California mastitis test showed that all milk samples from cows of both groups (with the exception of one milk sample from a cow from the control group) gave a negative result (the solution remained liquid, blue or gray and homogeneous, without clots). Taking into account the results of the CMT and the number of somatic cells in the milk after the therapy, the therapeutic effectiveness of the veterinary medicinal product Revozyn RTU 400 mg/ml in the treatment of various forms of mastitis in lactating cows was 100 %, and the one of the comparative drug Procillin® 30 % was 83.3 % . Conclusions. A clinical study of the veterinary medicinal product Revozyn RTU 400 mg/ml, suspension for injections, manufactured by Eurovet Animal Health B.V. (Netherlands) established its effectiveness in the dosage, recommended by the manufacturer, in the treatment of clinical and subclinical mastitis in lactating cows, caused by microorganisms sensitive to benzylpenicillin. In terms of therapeutic effectiveness, the drug Revozyn RTU 400 mg/ml was not inferior to the comparative drug Procillin® 30 % in its dosage form and active substance when used in the treatment of various forms of mastitis in lactating cows [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exposure to phytoestrogens (PE) during prepuberty and puberty can modulate the functioning of the reproductive axis, causing irreversible damage to reproductive programming. The aim of the study was to investigate the state of the reproductive system of male offspring of adult rats that were exposed to phytoestrogens in the pubertal period of ontogenesis. Materials and methods. The work was performed on adult male and female Wistar rats and their male offspring. In the experiment, the biological effect of PE was studied when applying a dose of 20 mg/kg of body weight for 30 days to the father and/or offspring of puberty age starting from the 45th day of postnatal life. Upon reaching the age of six months, male offspring of all studied groups were examined for reproductive function. Results. The effect of estrogen-like substances on male reproductive function is manifested not only under the conditions of their intake in the critical periods of the embryonic and postnatal periods, but also, even when acting on the germ cells of parents. In male offspring, androgen secretion is disturbed, the hormonal status changes in the direction of hyperestrogenization, fertility decreases due to the reduced quality of germ cells against the background of a normal spermogram. Conclusion. The reproductive function of sexually mature male offspring of a phytoestrogenized father who received a mixture of phytoestrogens during puberty is characterized by differences in sexual behavior, a decrease in the reproductive potential of males, which occurs due to a decrease in the share of effective fertilization, which indicates negative changes in spermatozoa, the development of which took place in conditions of absolute and relative hyperestrogeny. This indicates that phytoestrogens, as an environmental factor, have adverse consequences not only for individuals who directly use them, but also for their male offspring [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim: to analyze clinical cases of diabetes mellitus in cats and establish the effectiveness of clinical and laboratory research and treatment of animals with the help of insulin therapy. Materials and methods. The material for the study were domestic cats admitted to the veterinary medicine clinic "Doctor Vet" (Lviv). Results. Clinical case 1. Cat Bonya, age 10 years, body weight 4 kg. symptoms: polyuria/polydipsia and weight loss. Examination: cachexia, weakness, pale mucous membranes, unsteady gait. Blood glucose - 20.4 mmol/l, urine analysis - pH=6.0, glucose ++++, no ketones detected. Diagnosis: diabetes. For glycemic control - caninsulin at 0.25 IU/kg every 12 hours. After the start of insulin therapy, the animal's condition improved, after 2 months - an attack of hypoglycemia, blood glucose 3.0 mmol/l. The introduction of insulin was stopped for 10 days, after 10 days the cat's appetite is normal, polyuria and polydipsia are not observed, body weight gain is 300 g, blood glucose without insulin therapy is 8.0 mmol/l. Clinical case 2. Cat Eva, age 12 years, body weight 6.7 kg, symptoms: polyuria/polydipsia during the last two weeks, increased appetite, diet - raw meat, meatballs, buckwheat porridge, boiled carrots, beets. Blood glucose 22.9 mmol/l, urine analysis - pH=6.0, glucose ++++, ketones +. Diagnosis: diabetes. Treatment: Lantus 2 IU subcutaneously every 12 hours. After the start of insulin therapy, the condition improved, after 2 months, blood glucose was 9.00-13.0 mmol/l; 15.00-8.0 mmol/l, 21.00-12.0 mmol/l, glucose and ketones are absent in the urine. Conclusions. In the first clinical case, the cat there was a decrease in demand in insulin "Caninsulin" on the background of insulin therapy. In the second clinical case, insulin therapy with the help of «Lantus» insulin allows you to reach a level of glycemia at which diabetes stops progressing, the clinical condition of the animal normalizes, which indicates the effectiveness of the prescribed treatment. Thus, we can say that diabetes in small domestic animals is a rather severe endocrine pathology, which has typical clinical and laboratory symptoms and can be successfully treated with the help of a complex medical and diagnostic approach, based on insulin therapy [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim: to determine the main pathogenetic links of glomerulonephritis in dogs with the participation of connective tissue biopolymers. Materials and methods The research was conducted by analyzing the sources of scientific literature (PubMed, Elsevier, electronic resources of the V. I. Vernadskyi National Library) and the clinical experience of the authors, thanks to which a scheme of the pathogenesis of glomerulonephritis in dogs with the participation of connective tissue biopolymers was developed. Results. According to the results of our research, it was established, that chronic glomerulonephritis in dogs is accompanied by neutrophilia, lymphocytosis, as well as urinary and nephrotic syndromes, the progression of which causes a violation of the functional state of the kidneys and liver. Sick dogs develop a nephrotic symptom complex - persistent proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, dysproteinemia, and hyperlipidemia. Clinically, edema was not observed, because it is known, that in dogs they are rarely detected with nephrotic syndrome. Inflammation in the kidneys is accompanied by an increase in the concentration of glycoproteins and sialic acids in the blood serum. After treatment, there was a decrease in the inflammatory process in the kidneys, which was manifested by a decrease in neutrophilia and lymphocytosis, as well as the content of glycoproteins and sialic acids in the blood serum. The content of total chondroitin sulfates and the fractional composition of glycosaminoglycans did not change, and the level of excretion of oxyproline and uronic acids decreased compared to the indicators before the start of treatment. This, in our opinion, is due to the slowing down of fibrotic processes in the kidneys. Thus, biochemical indicators of the state of connective tissue in the blood serum and urine of dogs with glomerulonephritis allowed us to evaluate the functional state of the kidneys for their inflammation (oxyproline and uronic acids), as well as to determine the violation of proteoglycan synthesis in nephrotic syndrome. Conclusions. For glomerulonephritis in dogs on the background of depression, decreased appetite, polydipsia, pain during palpation in the lumbar region, periodic vomiting, neutrophilic leukocytosis, lymphocytosis, nephrotic syndrome (hypoalbuminemia, increase in α2- and β-globulins, cholesterol, β-lipoproteins), growth activity of ALT, AST, and alkaline phosphatase, a decrease in Veltman's test, hyperazotemia, hyperphosphatemia, proteinuria, microhematuria, and cylindruria, there is an increase in the content of glycoproteins, sialic acids, and chondroitin sulfates, as well as heparan sulfate in the blood serum of dogs. The increase in the blood serum of patients with canine glomerulonephritis, as a marker of connective tissue - glycoproteins, sialic acids, chondroitinsulfates, and urinary excretion of oxyproline and uronic acids is due to inflammatory and fibrotic changes in the basal membranes of the kidney glomeruli [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of ScienceRise: Biological Science is the property of PC TECHNOLOGY CENTER and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of ScienceRise: Biological Science is the property of PC TECHNOLOGY CENTER and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of ScienceRise: Biological Science is the property of PC TECHNOLOGY CENTER and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim: to analyze the pathogenetic role of connective tissue biopolymers in canine pneumonia and feline asthma. Materials and methods. The study was conducted by analyzing the sources of scientific literature: PubMed, Elsevier, electronic resources of the National Library, named after V.I. Vernadsky and the results of our own scientific and clinical experience. Results. Studies on the pathogenetic justification of the role of biochemical indicators of the connective tissue in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the respiratory system of dogs and cats were conducted. This is due to the need to expand knowledge about the peculiarities of the course, to determine the leading pathogenetic links of the most common pathologies -- bronchopneumonia and bronchial asthma, which are found in clinical veterinary practice. Conclusions. In bronchopneumonia of dogs on the background of severe clinical symptoms (cough, fever, wheezing in the lungs), radiological signs (inhomogeneous compaction of the lung tissue, lack of clear contours of the bronchi), anemic syndrome, general and neutrophilic leukocytosis, lymphocytopenia, hypoalbuminemia, dysproteinemia (increased concentration ofα2- and β-globulins in the blood serum), hypercholesterolemia, hyper-β-lipoproteinemia, hyperfermentemia (increased activity of AST and alkaline phosphatase,) there is an increase in serum glycoproteins and chondroitin sulfates, sialic acids, total glycosaminoglycans (GAG) due to the chondroitin-4-sulfate fraction; urinary excretion of oxyproline and uronic acids increases. Disorders of connective tissue metabolism in dogs with bronchopneumonia are caused by an acute inflammatory process in the lungs with the development of pulmonary fibrosis. Bronchial asthma in cats is manifested by intermittent cough, shortness of breath, hypochromic normocytic anemia, leukocytosis, eosinophilia and lymphocytopenia, increased serum activity of AST and alkaline phosphatase, haptoglobin content, glial acid concentration sulfate; urinary excretion of oxyproline and uronic acids increases. Connective tissue disorders in cats with bronchial asthma are caused by increased mucus excretion with a high content of GAG, as well as chronic inflammation of the bronchial mucosa and their fibrosis [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim: to analyze the literature data for the period from 1992 to 2010 on the spread of internal diseases among dogs and cats. Materials and methods. The research was conducted by the method of scientific literature open source analysis: Pub- Med, Elsevier, electronic resources of the National Library named after V.I. Vernadsky (1994-2014). Results. In the practice of veterinary medicine, internal diseases are a significant part of other diseases of dogs and cats. According to research by domestic authors, a significant number of scientific issues in the study of internal diseases of both productive and non-productive animals remain unclear. Recently, significant progress has been made in the study of internal diseases of dogs, developed methods of their medical examination. Also in recent years, Ukrainian scientists have conducted fundamental research on domestic diseases of domestic cats -- urolithiasis, chronic renal failure, glomerulonephritis, polycystic kidney disease, liver lipidosis. Foreign researchers most often diagnose the following internal diseases in dogs and cats among the pathologies of the respiratory, digestive, endocrine and urinary systems: chronic renal failure, glomerulonephritis, diabetes, chronic hepatitis and cholangiohepatitis, gastrointestinal and bronchial diseases. Diagnostic studies of animals with internal pathology are carried out using clinical, instrumental and laboratory methods. According to the scientific works of foreign scientists, the problem of diagnosis and treatment of diabetes is taken care of by scientists around the world, including veterinary medicine, so the problem of diabetes in domestic cats is very relevant in modern science and practice. Conclusions. Thus, internal diseases are very common among dogs and cats, and the diagnosis and treatment of these pathologies needs further improvement. This is because the number of unproductive pets is constantly growing, and owners are increasingly seeking veterinary care. That is why there is a need to develop new advanced non-invasive and informative methods for diagnosing internal diseases based on biochemical and clinical and instrumental studies [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim: to analyze the literature data for the period from 1984 to 2010 on the use of biochemical markers of disorders of connective tissue metabolism in diseases of the respiratory system in humans and animals. Materials and methods. The research was conducted by the method of scientific literature open source analysis: PubMed, Elsevier, electronic resources of the National Library named after V.I. Vernadsky (1984–2010). Results. In the case of diseases of the respiratory system in humans, the pathogenesis of pneumonia is the development of inflammation in the interstitial, peribronchial, perivascular and perilobular connective tissue, lymphatic vessels of the lungs, followed by involvement of alveoli and bronchioles in the inflammation. The morphological basis of these changes may be pneumofibrosis and pneumosclerotic changes. In the chronic course of pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease develops. This pathology is closely related to the action of inflammatory cytokines that regulate connective tissue proliferation. Similar studies were performed on eosinophilic bronchopneumonia in dogs, but the material for the study was bronchoalveolar lavage. The current method of diagnosing respiratory diseases using cytokines (interleukin-4, interferon-γ) and bronchoalveolar lavage has no diagnostic information in chronic bronchitis and bronchial asthma in cats. Fundamental studies of connective tissue biopolymers in clinically healthy and bronchopneumonia piglets have recently been conducted in veterinary medicine. Conclusions. Recently, in medicine of particular interest to researchers is the determination of the content in biological fluids of indicators of connective tissue metabolism (hydroxyproline, glycosaminoglycans, glycoproteins, sialic acids) to diagnose diseases of the respiratory system. To diagnose connective tissue disorders in lung diseases in medical practice use indicators of oxyproline in serum and urine. Oxyproline is one of the most important components of lung collagen. An increase in the content of free oxyproline in the blood indicates an increased rate of collagen breakdown in the lung tissue. Analysis of oxyproline fractions, as indicators of the direction of collagen metabolism, allows to assess the condition of the connective tissue of the lungs and can serve as a prognostic criterion for the course of the disease. Thus, the indicators of connective tissue metabolism showed significant diagnostic information, which allowed to recommend them for use in the practice of veterinary medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim: to conduct a retrospective analysis of literature sources on the pathogenesis and methods of diagnosis of chronic kidney disease in cats. Materials and methods. The research was conducted by the method of scientific literature open-source analysis: PubMed, Elsevier, electronic resources of the National Library named after V.I. Vernadsky (1981–2007). Results. Chronic kidney disease is a common reason for cat owners to go to veterinary clinics. The term “chronic kidney disease” has a broader meaning than the more limited and not very specific name – chronic renal failure; it is also used to indicate the preazotemic stage of the disease. Chronic kidney disease is characterized by a gradual deterioration of the clinical condition of animals due to progressive decline in renal function. An idea of the pathogenesis and methods of diagnosis of chronic kidney disease in the period from 1981 to 2007 is presented. Conclusions. According to the results of retrospective analysis of literature sources for the period from 1981 to 2007, the basis was identified aspects of the pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease in domestic cats, which have not lost relevance today. The main link during chronic kidney disease in cats is the development of hyperazotemia and, as a consequence, endogenous intoxication of the body, which develops gradually and leads to the death of the animal. The morphological basis of chronic kidney disease in cats is the development of diffuse nephrosclerosis, which is reflected in the results of clinical, biochemical and instrumental studies. According to biochemical analysis of blood, in cats recorded an increase in urea and creatinine, the results of clinical studies of urine showed a decrease in its relative density, as well as the development of proteinuria, the appearance of erythrocytes and cylinders. According to the results of hematological research, anemic syndrome develops due to decreased erythropoietin synthesis. With age in cats, ultrasound examination of the kidneys reveals a decrease in their volume due to uniform sclerosis of the parenchyma: it is determined by its thinning and increased echogenicity due to the accumulation of connective tissue components, which is a sign of nephrosclerosis. Although kidney biopsy is the most informative method of diagnosing chronic kidney disease, it has many contraindications, which does not allow its use in the routine diagnosis of nephropathy in domestic cats. its thinning and increase in echogenicity due to the accumulation of connective tissue components, which is a sign of nephrosclerosis, is determined. Although kidney biopsy is the most informative method of diagnosing chronic kidney disease, it has many contraindications, which does not allow its use in the routine diagnosis of nephropathy in domestic cats. Its thinning and increase in echogenicity due to the accumulation of connective tissue components, which is a sign of nephrosclerosis, is determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim: the aim of the research is an analytical review of the scientific literature on Рseudomonas aeruginosa as a priority group representative of bacteria with multiple antibiotics resistance. Materials and methods. The research was conducted by the method of scientific literature open source analysis: PubMed, Elsevier, electronic resources of the National Library named after V. I. Vernadsky and others. Results. The problem of antibiotic resistance is rightly called the “apocalypse of the XXI century”. P. aeruginosa bacteria are characterized by a very high natural ability to form resistant forms to antimicrobial drugs due to the formation of specific resistance genes, the ability to resist the entry of antibiotics into the cell or remove antibiotics from the cell, and form biofilms. A characteristic feature of the epidemic and epizootic processes of P. aeruginosa, as an opportunistic ubiquitous microorganism is host-pathogenic interaction – the interaction of the pathogen with the host organism. The peculiarity of this bacterium is opportunism and long-term persistence in the body of the host and in the environment. The global trend towards the spread of antibiotic-resistant gram-negative bacteria, including P. aeruginosa, underscores the need to develop comprehensive response strategies targeting all sectors of health. Conclusions. Bacteria P. aeruginosa is classified in 1th Critical Group of the WHO list of resistant to antibiotics "priority pathogens". Among the main reasons that contribute to the emergence of resistance are irrational antibiotic therapy in both humans and animals, and the use of antibiotics as growth stimulants in animal husbandry. While more R&D is vital, alone, it cannot solve the problem. To address resistance, there must also be better prevention of infections and appropriate use of existing antibiotics in humans and animals, as well as rational use of any new antibiotics that are developed in future. New methods of combating antibiotic resistance and antibacterial substances, alternatives to antibiotics (biofilmdestroying drugs, antimicrobial peptides (AMP), bacteriophages, nanopreparations, etc.) can make a positive contribution to overcoming the multiple drug resistance of gram-negatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: It is known that the regeneration of bone tissue after implantation of any structures depends on the coating of their surface. Therefore, the research of the influence of steel implants with diamond-like carbon coating on regeneration of bone tissue in the dynamics after implantation is a topical issue. Material and Methods: The study was conducted on 61 male rats, 5 of them were intact animals. There were also 2 groups of rats with 28 animals in each group (the 1st group was the control one where implants were without diamond-like carbon coating, the 2nd group was experimental where the implants were without coating). We determined the content of glycoproteins, chondroitin sulfates, alkaline phosphatase, total calcium, oxyproline and osteocalcin in the blood of rats on the 7th, 14th, 30th and 90th days after implantation. Results and Discussion: Group 2 rats had a faster osteointegration compared with the group 1 rats, which was manifested by the normalization of biochemical markers of bone metabolism (glycoproteins, chondroitinsulfats, oxyproline and osteocalcin) on the 90th day of an experiment. Conclusion: Using steel implants with diamond-like carbon coatings showed that the content of glycoproteins and chondroitin sulfates increased only on the 7th day; oxyproline and osteocalcin increased on the 7th, 14th and 30th days after implantation; on the 90th day the rates of these biochemical markers reached the norm, indicating a high efficiency of osteointegration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]