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11 results on '"Moriello, A. S."'

1. Clinical features of patients with home isolation SARS-COV-2 infection: A multicenter retrospective study in southern Italy

Author

Pisaturo M., De Angelis G., Maggi P., Sangiovanni V., Numis F. G., Gentile I., Masullo A., Rescigno C., Calabria G., Megna A. S., Gambardella M., Manzillo E., Giolitto G., Rossomando A., Buonomo A. R., Macera M., Messina V., Pagano A., Pisapia R., Farella N., Bosso G., Coppola N., Monari C., Sagnelli C., Russo G., Esposito V., Allegorico E., Biagio Pinchera, Catalano M., Salzillo A., Porta G., Scotto R., Pinchera B., Zappulo E., Viceconte G., Moriello N. S., Foggia M., Calo F., Rossomando A. M., Russo A., Liorre G., Paradiso L., Liberti A., Serra C., Vicario F. D., Minerva V., Selva V., Simeone F., De Pascalis S., Pontillo V., Pisaturo, M., De Angelis, G., Maggi, P., Sangiovanni, V., Numis, F. G., Gentile, I., Masullo, A., Rescigno, C., Calabria, G., Megna, A. S., Gambardella, M., Manzillo, E., Giolitto, G., Rossomando, A., Buonomo, A. R., Macera, M., Messina, V., Pagano, A., Pisapia, R., Farella, N., Bosso, G., Coppola, N., Monari, C., Sagnelli, C., Russo, G., Esposito, V., Allegorico, E., Biagio, Pinchera, Catalano, M., Salzillo, A., Porta, G., Scotto, R., Pinchera, B., Zappulo, E., Viceconte, G., Moriello, N. S., Foggia, M., Calo, F., Rossomando, A. M., Russo, A., Liorre, G., Paradiso, L., Liberti, A., Serra, C., Vicario, F. D., Minerva, V., Selva, V., Simeone, F., De Pascalis, S., Pontillo, V., Pisaturo, Mariantonietta, De Angelis, Giulia, Maggi, Paolo, Sangiovanni, Vincenzo, Numis, Fabio Giuliano, Gentile, Ivan, Masullo, Alfonso, Rescigno, Carolina, Calabria, Giosuele, Salomone Megna, Angelo, Gambardella, Michele, Manzillo, Elio, Giolitto, Giancarlo, Rossomando, Annamaria, Buonomo, Antonio Riccardo, Macera, Margherita, Messina, Vincenzo, Pagano, Antonio, Pisapia, Raffaella, Farella, Nunzia, Bosso, Giorgio, Coppola, Nicola, and Group, Covicam

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Isolation (health care), Science, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Home isolation, Mild clinical presentation, Disease, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Asymptomatic, Article, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Epidemiology, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2 infection, Home management, Paleontology, COVID-19, Retrospective cohort study, Space and Planetary Science, mild clinical presentation, home management, home isolation, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract

To describe epidemiological and clinical features of patients confirmed as having SARS-CoV-2 infection and managed in isolation at home. We performed a multicenter retrospective study enrolling all SARS-CoV-2-positive adults evaluated from 28 February to 31 May 2020 at one of nine COVID-19 Units in southern Italy: we included patients receiving care at home and those admitted to hospital. We defined patients with not-severe disease if they were asymptomatic or experienced a mild infection that did not need oxygen (O2) therapy and those with a severe infection if hospitalized and required O2 therapy. We enrolled 415 patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection: 77 were managed in isolation at home, 338 required hospital management. The 77 patients in home isolation were less frequently male than hospitalized patients (55% vs. 64%; < 0.01) and were younger (median age 45 years (IQR:19) vs 62 (IQR 22); p < 0.01), had a lower Charlson comorbidity index (median 0 (IQR2) vs 6 (IQR 3); p < 0.01), and included fewer subjects with an underlying chronic disease (36% vs 59%; p < 0.01). According to a binomial logistic regression analysis, a younger age (OR: 0.96 (95% IC: 0.94–0.98), p < 0.01) and a low Charlson comorbidity index (OR: 0.66 (95% IC: 0.54 –0.83); p < 0.01) were independent factors associated with at-home management. The identification of subjects with SARS-CoV-2 infection who could be managed in home isolation is useful in clinical practice. A younger age and no comorbidities were identified as factors independently associated with home management.

Published
2021

4. Deterministic Sampling for Uncertainty Quantification in Complex Algorithm-Based Measurements

Author

Angrisani, L., Cennamo, F., Annalisa Liccardo, Vadursi, M., Lo Moriello, R. S., Angrisani, Leopoldo, Cennamo, Felice, Liccardo, Annalisa, SCHIANO LO MORIELLO, Rosario, and Vadursi, M.

Subjects
GUM, uncertainty quantification, deterministic sampling, unscented transformation
Abstract

The paper deals with the problem of estimating measured values in indirect measurements based on complex processing algorithm. To this aim, deterministic sampling of the random variables (modeling the input quantities) is suggested to efficiently estimate expectation and standard uncertainty of algorithm outputs. In particular, the authors propose an enhanced version of the traditional unscented transform to propagate a defined set of statistical moments of the input quantities through the algorithms (even in the presence of non-analytical formulation). This way, it is possible to assure estimates of output expectation and standard uncertainty as good as those achieved by means of the very large ensemble of random variates typically exploited in brute force Monte Carlo method.

Published
2014

5. Erratum: Anandamide acts as an intracellular messenger amplifying Ca 2+ influx via TRPV1 channels (EMBO Journal (2005) 24 (3026-3037) DOI: 10.1038/sj.emboj.7600784

Author

van der Stelt, M., Trevisani, M., Vellani, Vittorio, De Petrocellis, L., Moriello, A. S., Campi, B., Mcnaughton, P. A., Geppetti, P., and Di Marzo, V.

Subjects
5-Trisphosphate, Arachidonic Acids, Ion Channels, Muscarinic Agonists, Polyunsaturated Alkamides, Receptors, Purinergic, TRPV Cation Channels, Trpv1 protein, rat, Carbachol, Adenosine Triphosphate, Thapsigargin, Calcium, Inositol 1, 4, anandamide, Type C Phospholipases, Calcium-Transporting ATPases, Ca2+ homeostasis, metabotropic, store depletion, vanilloid
Published
2005

6. Molecular targets for cannabidiol and its synthetic analogues: effect on vanilloid VR1 receptors and on the cellular uptake and enzymatic hydrolysis of anandamide.

Author

Bisogno, Tiziana, Hanuš, Lumír, De Petrocellis, Luciano, Tchilibon, Susanna, Ponde, Datta E, Brandi, Ines, Moriello, Aniello Schiano, Davis, John B, Mechoulam, Raphael, Di Marzo, Vincenzo, Bisogno, T, Hanus, L, De Petrocellis, L, Tchilibon, S, Ponde, D E, Brandi, I, Moriello, A S, Davis, J B, Mechoulam, R, and Di Marzo, V

Published
2001
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7. Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS): Why a Different Production in COVID-19 Patients of the Two Waves?

Author

Monica Gelzo, Filippo Scialò, Sara Cacciapuoti, Biagio Pinchera, Annunziata De Rosa, Gustavo Cernera, Marika Comegna, Lorella Tripodi, Nicola Schiano Moriello, Mauro Mormile, Gabriella Fabbrocini, Roberto Parrella, Gaetano Corso, Ivan Gentile, Giuseppe Castaldo, Gelzo, M., Scialo, F., Cacciapuoti, S., Pinchera, B., De Rosa, A., Cernera, G., Comegna, M., Tripodi, L., Moriello, N. S., Mormile, M., Fabbrocini, G., Parrella, R., Corso, G., Gentile, I., Castaldo, G., Gelzo, Monica, Scialò, Filippo, Cacciapuoti, Sara, Pinchera, Biagio, De Rosa, Annunziata, Cernera, Gustavo, Comegna, Marika, Tripodi, Lorella, Schiano Moriello, Nicola, Mormile, Mauro, Fabbrocini, Gabriella, Parrella, Roberto, Corso, Gaetano, Gentile, Ivan, and Castaldo, Giuseppe

Subjects
Infectious Diseases, COVID-19, nitric oxide, steroid therapy, SARS-CoV-2, Virology, Steroid therapy, Humans, Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II, Nitric oxide, Human
Abstract

Profound clinical differences between the first and second waves of COVID-19 were observed in Europe. Nitric oxide (NO) may positively impact patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. It is mainly generated by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). We studied serum iNOS levels together with serum interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10 in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection in the first wave (n = 35) and second wave (n = 153). In the first wave, serum iNOS, IL-6, IL-10 levels increased significantly, in line with the World Health Organization (WHO) score severity, while in the second wave, iNOS did not change with the severity. The patients of the second wave showed lower levels of iNOS, IL-6, and IL-10, as compared to the corresponding subgroup of the first wave, suggesting a less severe outcome of COVID-19 in these patients. However, in the severe patients of the second wave, iNOS levels were significantly lower in patients treated with steroids or azithromycin before the hospitalization, as compared to the untreated patients. This suggests an impairment of the defense mechanism against the virus and NO-based therapies as a potential therapy in patients with low iNOS levels.

Published
2022

8. Serum KL-6 Could Represent a Reliable Indicator of Unfavourable Outcome in Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia

Author

Lidia Atripaldi, Nicola Schiano Moriello, Marialuisa Bocchino, Alessia Sardanelli, Biagio Pinchera, Agnese Giaccone, Davide Sequino, Emanuela Zappulo, Alessandro Sanduzzi, Anna Agnese Stanziola, Riccardo Scotto, Francesco Perna, Ivan Gentile, Scotto, R., Pinchera, B., Perna, F., Atripaldi, L., Giaccone, A., Sequino, D., Zappulo, E., Sardanelli, A., Moriello, N. S., Stanziola, A., Bocchino, M., Gentile, I., and Sanduzzi Zamparelli, A.

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, lcsh:Medicine, Gastroenterology, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Antigen, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, pneumonia, In patient, 030212 general & internal medicine, Lung, medicine.diagnostic_test, biology, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, lcsh:R, Mucin-1, KL-6, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, COVID-19, Biomarker, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, mortality, Pneumonia, medicine.anatomical_structure, 030228 respiratory system, Respiratory failure, Immunoassay, biology.protein, Female, Antibody, business, Biomarkers, Human
Abstract

KL-6 is a sialoglycoprotein antigen which proved elevated in the serum of patients with different interstitial lung diseases, especially in those with a poorer outcome. Given that interstitial pneumonia is the most common presentation of SARS-CoV2 infection, we evaluated the prognostic role of KL-6 in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Patients with COVID-19 pneumonia were prospectively enrolled. Blood samples were collected at the time of enrolment (TOE) and on day 7 (T1). Serum KL-6 concentrations were measured by chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay using a KL-6 antibody kit (LUMIPULSE G1200, Fujirebio) and the cut-off value was set at &gt, 1000 U/mL. Fifteen out of 34 enrolled patients (44.1%) died. Patients with unfavourable outcome showed significantly lower P/F ratio and higher IL-6 values and plasmatic concentrations of KL-6 at TOE compared with those who survived (median KL-6: 1188 U/mL vs. 260 U/mL, p &lt, 0.001). KL-6 &gt, 1000 U/mL resulted independently associated with death (aOR: 11.29, p &lt, 0.05) with a positive predictive value of 83.3%. Our results suggest that KL-6 is a reliable indicator of pulmonary function and unfavourable outcome in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. A KL-6 value &gt, 1000 U/mL resulted independently associated with death and showed good accuracy in predicting a poorer outcome. KL-6 may thus represent a quick, inexpensive, and sensitive parameter to stratify the risk of severe respiratory failure and death.

Published
2021

9. Disentangling the Association of Hydroxychloroquine Treatment with Mortality in Covid-19 Hospitalized Patients through Hierarchical Clustering

Author

Anna Sabena, Gabriele Giuliano, Raffaele Bruno, Francesco Cacciatore, Carlo Torti, Silvia Marongiu, Gloria Maccagni, Claudia Marotta, Giovanni Larizza, Francesco Petri, Massimo Mapelli, Giulio Maresca, Giulia Righetti, Alessandra Vergori, Ilaria Rossi, Damiano D'Ardes, Nicola Schiano Moriello, Ivan Gentile, Enrica Tamburrini, Luca Aiello, Piergiuseppe Agostoni, Antonio Cascio, Jovana Milic, Carlo Andrea Pivato, Agostino Virdis, Stefano Maitan, Francesco Cannata, Simona Costanzo, Carlo Signorelli, Franco Mastroianni, Federica Magni, Crizia Colombo, Giulio G. Stefanini, Lucia Caiano, Francesca Crosta, Lorenzo Marra, Giuseppe Patti, Katleen de Gaetano Donati, Valerio Langella, Annalisa Crisetti, Filippo Aucella, Antonella Cingolani, Francesco Salinaro, Augusto Di Castelnuovo, Giacomo Castiglione, Alessandro Gialluisi, Anna Odone, Cristina Mussini, Samir Al Moghazi, Lorenzo Blandi, Maria Musso, Marialaura Bonaccio, Raffaele De Caterina, Marco Olivieri, Roberto Cauda, Emanuela Pasi, Arturo Ciccullo, Stefano Perlini, Claudia Colomba, Antonella Palimodde, Gianpiero D'Offizi, Marco G. Mennuni, Walter Ageno, Raffaele Pesavento, Rosa Manuele, Roberta Mussinelli, Vincenzo Sangiovanni, Paolo Bonfanti, Andrea Antinori, Francesco Gianfagna, Andrea Rognoni, Laura Scorzolini, Riccardo Maragna, Rossella Marcucci, Filippo Minutolo, Armando Leone, Giustino Parruti, Licia Iacoviello, Lorenzo Menicanti, Sandro Mancarella, Rosa Arboretti, Greta Barbieri, Carlo Gaudiosi, Marco Rossato, Claudia Ravaglia, Andrea Vianello, Marianna Rossi, Emauele Graziani, Martina Barchitta, Giovanni Guaraldi, Enrico Maria Trecarichi, Gian Battista Danzi, Francesco Cipollone, Carlo Sanrocco, Marco Vinceti, Francesca Santilli, Marianna Meschiari, Gabriella Guarnieri, Antonella Agodi, Roberto Vettor, Raffaella Sgariglia, Ilaria My, Francesco Di Gennaro, Alessandro Mengozzi, Giuseppe Di Tano, Laura Carrozzi, Michele Spinicci, Venerino Poletti, Paola Simeone, Nausicaa Berselli, Francesco Maria Fusco, Di Castelnuovo A., Gialluisi A., Antinori A., Berselli N., Blandi L., Bonaccio M., Bruno R., Cauda R., Costanzo S., Guaraldi G., Menicanti L., Mennuni M., My I., Parruti G., Patti G., Perlini S., Santilli F., Signorelli C., Stefanini G., Vergori A., Ageno W., Agodi A., Agostoni P., Aiello L., Moghazi S.A., Arboretti R., Aucella F., Barbieri G., Barchitta M., Bonfanti P., Cacciatore F., Caiano L., Cannata F., Carrozzi L., Cascio A., Castiglione G., Cicullo A., Cingolani A., Cipollone F., Colomba C., Colombo C., Crisetti A., Crosta F., Danzi G.B., D'Ardes D., de Gaetano Donati K., Di Gennaro F., Di Tano G., D'Offizi G., Fusco F.M., Gaudiosi C., Gentile I., Gianfagna F., Giuliano G., Graziani E., Guarnieri G., Langella V., Larizza G., Leone A., Maccagni G., Magni F., Maitan S., Mancarella S., Manuele R., Mapelli M., Maragna R., Marcucci R., Maresca G., Marongiu S., Marotta C., Marra L., Mastroianni F., Mengozzi A., Meschiari M., Milic J., Minutolo F., Mussinelli R., Mussini C., Musso M., Odone A., Olivieri M., Palimodde A., Pasi E., Pesavento R., Petri F., Pivato C.A., Poletti V., Ravaglia C., Righetti G., Rognoni A., Rossato M., Rossi I., Rossi M., Sabena A., Salinaro F., Sangiovanni V., Sanrocco C., Moriello N.S., Scorzolini L., Sgariglia R., Simeone P.G., Spinicci M., Tamburrini E., Torti C., Trecarichi E.M., Vettor R., Vianello A., Vinceti M., Virdis A., de Caterina R., Iacoviello L., Di Castelnuovo, A, Gialluisi, A, Antinori, A, Berselli, N, Blandi, L, Bonaccio, M, Bruno, R, Cauda, R, Costanzo, S, Guaraldi, G, Menicanti, L, Mennuni, M, My, I, Parruti, G, Patti, G, Perlini, S, Santilli, F, Signorelli, C, Stefanini, G, Vergori, A, Ageno, W, Agodi, A, Agostoni, P, Aiello, L, Al Moghazi, S, Arboretti, R, Aucella, F, Barbieri, G, Barchitta, M, Bonfanti, P, Cacciatore, F, Caiano, L, Cannata, F, Carrozzi, L, Cascio, A, Castiglione, G, Cicullo, A, Cingolani, A, Cipollone, F, Colomba, C, Colombo, C, Crisetti, A, Crosta, F, Danzi, G, D'Ardes, D, de Gaetano Donati, K, Di Gennaro, F, Di Tano, G, D'Offizi, G, Fusco, F, Gaudiosi, C, Gentile, I, Gianfagna1, F, Giuliano, G, Graziani, E, Guarnieri, G, Langella, V, Larizza, G, Leone, A, Maccagni, G, Magni, F, Maitan, S, Mancarella, S, Manuele, R, Mapelli, M, Maragna, R, Marcucci, R, Maresca, G, Marongiu, S, Marotta, C, Marra, L, Mastroianni, F, Mengozzi, A, Meschiari, M, Milic, J, Minutolo, F, Mussinelli, R, Mussini, C, Musso, M, Odone, A, Olivieri, M, Palimodde, A, Pasi, E, Pesavento, R, Petri, F, Pivato, C, Poletti, V, Ravaglia, C, Righetti, G, Rognoni, A, Rossato, M, Rossi, I, Rossi, M, Sabena, A, Salinaro, F, Sangiovanni, V, Sanrocco, C, Schiano Moriello, N, Scorzolini, L, Sgariglia, R, Simeone, P, Spinicci, M, Tamburrini, E, Torti, C, Trecarichi, E, Vettor, R, Vianello, A, Vinceti, M, Virdis, A, De Caterina, R, Iacoviello, L, Di Castelnuovo, A., Gialluisi, A., Antinori, A., Berselli, N., Blandi, L., Bonaccio, M., Bruno, R., Cauda, R., Costanzo, S., Guaraldi, G., Menicanti, L., Mennuni, M., My, I., Parruti, G., Patti, G., Perlini, S., Santilli, F., Signorelli, C., Stefanini, G., Vergori, A., Ageno, W., Agodi, A., Agostoni, P., Aiello, L., Moghazi, S. A., Arboretti, R., Aucella, F., Barbieri, G., Barchitta, M., Bonfanti, P., Cacciatore, F., Caiano, L., Cannata, F., Carrozzi, L., Cascio, A., Castiglione, G., Cicullo, A., Cingolani, A., Cipollone, F., Colomba, C., Colombo, C., Crisetti, A., Crosta, F., Danzi, G. B., D’Ardes, D., de Gaetano Donati, K., Di Gennaro, F., Di Tano, G., D’Offizi, G., Fusco, F. M., Gaudiosi, C., Gentile, I., Gianfagna, F., Giuliano, G., Graziani, E., Guarnieri, G., Langella, V., Larizza, G., Leone, A., Maccagni, G., Magni, F., Maitan, S., Mancarella, S., Manuele, R., Mapelli, M., Maragna, R., Marcucci, R., Maresca, G., Marongiu, S., Marotta, C., Marra, L., Mastroianni, F., Mengozzi, A., Meschiari, M., Milic, J., Minutolo, F., Mussinelli, R., Mussini, C., Musso, M., Odone, A., Olivieri, M., Palimodde, A., Pasi, E., Pesavento, R., Petri, F., Pivato, C. A., Poletti, V., Ravaglia, C., Righetti, G., Rognoni, A., Rossato, M., Rossi, I., Rossi, M., Sabena, A., Salinaro, F., Sangiovanni, V., Sanrocco, C., Moriello, N. S., Scorzolini, L., Sgariglia, R., Simeone, P. G., Spinicci, M., Tamburrini, E., Torti, C., Trecarichi, E. M., Vettor, R., Vianello, A., Vinceti, M., Virdis, A., de Caterina, R., and Iacoviello, L.

Subjects
Male, Medicine (General), Antimalarial, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Severity of Illness Index, Hospital Mortality, 0302 clinical medicine, Retrospective Studie, 80 and over, Cluster Analysis, 030212 general & internal medicine, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antimalarials, COVID-19, Female, Humans, Hydroxychloroquine, Italy, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, SARS-CoV-2, Treatment Outcome, Biotechnology, medicine.drug, Research Article, medicine.medical_specialty, Article Subject, Biomedical Engineering, Renal function, Health Informatics, 03 medical and health sciences, R5-920, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Severity of illness, medicine, Medical technology, R855-855.5, Cluster Analysi, business.industry, Cancer, Retrospective cohort study, medicine.disease, Obesity, COVID-19 Drug Treatment, Surgery, Observational study, business
Abstract

The efficacy of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in treating SARS-CoV-2 infection is harshly debated, with observational and experimental studies reporting contrasting results. To clarify the role of HCQ in Covid-19 patients, we carried out a retrospective observational study of 4,396 unselected patients hospitalized for Covid-19 in Italy (February–May 2020). Patients’ characteristics were collected at entry, including age, sex, obesity, smoking status, blood parameters, history of diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular and chronic pulmonary diseases, and medications in use. These were used to identify subtypes of patients with similar characteristics through hierarchical clustering based on Gower distance. Using multivariable Cox regressions, these clusters were then tested for association with mortality and modification of effect by treatment with HCQ. We identified two clusters, one of 3,913 younger patients with lower circulating inflammation levels and better renal function, and one of 483 generally older and more comorbid subjects, more prevalently men and smokers. The latter group was at increased death risk adjusted by HCQ (HR[CI95%] = 3.80[3.08-4.67]), while HCQ showed an independent inverse association (0.51[0.43-0.61]), as well as a significant influence of cluster∗HCQ interaction ( p < 0.001 ). This was driven by a differential association of HCQ with mortality between the high (0.89[0.65-1.22]) and the low risk cluster (0.46[0.39-0.54]). These effects survived adjustments for additional medications in use and were concordant with associations with disease severity and outcome. These findings suggest a particularly beneficial effect of HCQ within low risk Covid-19 patients and may contribute to clarifying the current controversy on HCQ efficacy in Covid-19 treatment.

Published
2021
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10. Real-world efficacy and safety of pangenotypic direct-acting antivirals against hepatitis C virus infection

Author

Riccardo Scotto, Biagio Pinchera, Emanuela Zappulo, Alberto Enrico Maraolo, Nicola Schiano Moriello, Antonio Riccardo Buonomo, Guglielmo Borgia, Ivan Gentile, Scotto, R., Buonomo, A. R., Moriello, N. S., Maraolo, A. E., Zappulo, E., Pinchera, B., Gentile, I., and Borgia, G.

Subjects
Drug, medicine.medical_specialty, Genotype, Sustained Virologic Response, Sofosbuvir, Hepatitis C virus, media_common.quotation_subject, Voxilaprevir, medicine.disease_cause, Direct-acting antiviral, Antiviral Agents, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Glecaprevir, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, media_common, Pangenotypic drug, Velpatasvir, Pharmacology, business.industry, Pibrentasvir, General Medicine, Hepatitis C, Chronic, Discontinuation, Clinical trial, Real-world, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, HCV, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

Background: Advances in the development of Direct-Acting Antivirals (DAAs), particularly pangenotypic drugs, have led to a high rate of hepatitis C virus (HCV) eradication. Notably, real- world studies have confirmed the efficacy and safety of pangenotypic DAA combinations reported in registration trials. The aim of this study was to review the treatment recommendations, and the efficacy and safety data of anti-HCV pangenotypic drugs reported in registration clinical trials and in recent real-life cohort studies. Methods: We reviewed the efficacy and safety data of pangenotypic anti-HCV drug combinations reported in original articles and in online conference abstracts. Results: Current pangenotypic drug combinations resulted in very high rates of sustained virologic response and few adverse reactions in real-life settings. SVR12 rates in real-life studies ranged from 90-100% depending on the pangenotypic combination, the HCV genotype and the stage of liver disease. Most adverse reactions reported in real-life settings were mild in intensity and rarely led to treatment discontinuation. These results are in accordance with those of clinical trials. Conclusion: Pangenotypic DAAs result in very high rates of sustained virologic responses and are well tolerated. However, they are contraindicated in patients with decompensated cirrhosis or advanced chronic kidney disease who failed previous DDA-based treatment. Further research is required to customize treatment to “unpackage” current DAA combinations and to develop generic drugs against HCV.

Published
2019

11. Management of chickenpox in pregnant women: an Italian perspective

Author

Grazia Tosone, Alberto Enrico Maraolo, Nicola Schiano Moriello, Serena Parente, Parente, S., Moriello, N. S., Maraolo, A. E., and Tosone, G.

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), Adult, Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Herpesvirus 3, Human, 030106 microbiology, Population, Prevalence, Review, medicine.disease_cause, Chickenpox Vaccine, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Chickenpox, Risk Factors, Pregnancy, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Prophylaxi, education, Child, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Prophylaxis, Incidence (epidemiology), Incidence, Risk Factor, Varicella zoster virus, virus diseases, Infant, Disease Management, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Management, Vaccination, Infectious Diseases, Italy, Pregnancy Complications, Infectiou, Female, business, Vaccine, Human
Abstract

Chickenpox is a highly contagious disease caused by primary infection of varicella zoster virus (VZV). The disease is spread worldwide and is usually benign but, in some groups of population like pregnant women, can have a severe outcome. Due to a not optimal vaccination coverage, a relatively high number of childbearing-aged women in a European country such as Italy tested seronegative for VZV and so are currently at risk of acquiring chickenpox during pregnancy, especially if they live in contact with children for family or work reasons. Only few data are available about the risk of infection in this setting: the incidence of chickenpox may range from 1.5 to 4.6 cases/1000 childbearing females and from 1.21 to 6 cases/10,000 pregnant women, respectively. This review is aimed to focus on the epidemiology and the clinical management of exposure to chickenpox during pregnancy. Particular emphasis is given to the accurate screening of childbearing women at the time of the first gynecological approach - the females who tested susceptible to infection can be counseled about the risks and instructed on procedure should contact occur - and to the early prophylaxis of the at-risk exposure. Lastly, the achievement of adequate vaccination coverage of the Italian population remains a cornerstone in the prevention of chickenpox in pregnancy.

Published
2018

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