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OBJETIVO: Establecer la relación entre las expectativas hacia el consumo de alcohol, los patrones de su uso y los problemas asociados a su consumo en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios de la ciudad de México. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal realizado en octubre de 1998, en el que participaron 678 estudiantes, hombres y mujeres entre los 17 y 25 años de edad, provenientes de universidades públicas y privadas. En él se midieron las expectativas a partir de un cuestionario de autorreporte, el Alcohol Expectancy Questionnaire (AEQ), que fue adaptado a esta población obteniendo una consistencia interna global elevada (alpha=0.93). RESULTADOS: Del total de los estudiantes, 31% presentó un consumo alto (mayor a cinco copas por ocasión de consumo en el último año), principalmente en los varones, mientras que 17% fueron no consumidores. Mediante un modelo estructural de ecuaciones se estudió la relación entre las subescalas de expectativas, el patrón de consumo y problemas asociados. El análisis de varianza mostró una relación estadísticamente significativa entre seis subescalas de expectativas (el alcohol como facilitador de la interacción grupal, expresividad verbal, desinhibición, incremento de la sexualidad, reducción de la tensión psicológica e incremento de la agresividad) y las variables sexo, consumo de alcohol y problemas asociados (F=5.23, gl=1, p< 0.05). CONCLUSIONES: De manera consistente con lo informado en otros países, se encontró que los efectos que las personas atribuyen al consumo de alcohol, anticipándose a la experiencia de estar bebiendo (expectativas), están estrechamente relacionadas con su consumo. Los resultados de este estudio indican que los estudiantes con un consumo alto de alcohol tuvieron mayores puntuaciones en seis de las subescalas de expectativas, además de que éstas fueron más elevadas entre quienes informaron que tuvieron problemas relacionados con el consumo en el último año. Las expectativas del alcohol como facilitador de la interacción grupal, como reductor de la tensión psicológica y como agente que incrementa la conducta agresiva se relacionaron con un consumo de alcohol más alto. El texto completo en inglés de este artículo está disponible en: http://www.insp.mx/salud/index.html

Introduction. After several months of COVID-19 lockdown, addressing the implications related to the emotional distress and well-being of the population during confinement has become increasingly evident. Objective. To explore, through a lexicometric and content-based approach, the responses related to discomfort and emotional well-being during the first confinement due to the COVID-19 lockdown. Method. Subjects included 2,555 adults in Mexico, mainly women (78.3%), with an average age of 46. Data were drawn from an online survey published on social networks from June 3 to July 5, 2020. The open answers of the subjects about discomfort and emotional well-being during lockdown, together with suggestions to improve the handling of the pandemic, were analyzed using word frequency analysis (clouds) and thematic content analysis. Result. Findings highlighted the implications of lockdown, including loss of social interaction, teleworking and overexposure to the news, associated with discomfort. In turn, activities related to self-care, doing household repairs, and sharing activities with the family were linked to well-being. Discussion and conclusion. Findings show that time was a key factor to transition from well-being to boredom, where space and material resources played a preponderant role during confinement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Salud Mental is the property of Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatria Ramon de la Fuente and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Social rejection of drug use is greater than that directed at other psychiatric conditions, like depression and anxiety, which may lead to social exclusion of substance users and prevent them from seeking and receiving treatment. Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the stigma and discrimination related to addiction in treatment centers in Mexico City. Methods: Data are from a broad mixed methods study. The present study is a qualitative analysis of 35 in-depth interviews of drug users, family members, and providers, using guidelines for the exploration of experiences of stigma and discrimination related to substance abuse. A thematic analysis was carried out using specialized software (Atlas.ti 6.2.23). Results: The common practices of stigma and discrimination (e.g., judging, mockery, inappropriate comments, overprotection, and hostile looks), were identified in participant testimonies. The narratives provide evidence of varied conditions of social and gender inequality, as well as experience of violence and abuse, that refer to a structural context of discrimination surrounding addiction, and that constitute obstacles to treatment. Conclusions: The findings allow for a description of the stigmatization process surrounding addiction as a shared problem that requires the implementation of coordinated treatment strategies. They also suggest the need for more comprehensive policies of inclusion, based on human rights, which favor prevention and treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, the authors comment on the contribution of the Alcohol, Drugs and the Family research group to draw public and scientific attention to the suffering and needs of families coping with addiction problems. The article also describes the impact of the stress-strain-coping-support model and the 5-Step Method on the research, intervention and education domains in Mexico. Some of the limitations to positively influence public policy are underscored; these include the nature of the sociocultural context which favors the view of addictions as private problems that must be solved within the family. The experience of delivering the 5-Step Method to Mexican urban population and its adaptation to indigenous communities and web-based format are discussed as well. Overall, the development and implementation of the 5-Step Method in Mexico has been positive, as demonstrated particularly by a cost-effectiveness study carried out with indigenous communities. Based on this review, the scope and challenges for family intervention in Mexico are outlined considering: (1) the dissemination of the 5-Step Method in both the rural and urban contexts; (2) extensive training of family counsellors; and finally (3) policy making to fulfil the needs of families facing addictive problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to test the factorial validity of the Symptom Rating Test (SRT) on women (mothers and wives of alcohol and drug users) coping with alcohol and drug use m a close relative (n = 155). The purpose was to develop a common model of symptoms that would serve as the basis for establishing comparative analyses based on variables such as type of relationship with the drug user and country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The population's conceptions about health are crucial to the development of any intervention strategy in the field of public health. We are interested in describing the sense adult inhabitants confer on emotional ailments in daily life. We used the Theory of Social Representations as a framework of reference and a multimethod perspective, which will enable us to recover the subjective experience of participants in the study, not only regarding emotional suffering, but also as a means of incorporating their perceptions of pleasurable states into their everyday lives. Finally, we discuss our findings, taking into account the implications of using various methodological strategies to obtain a more integral health approach that proved extremely useful for identifying the felt needs of the population and proposing their inclusion in mental health care programs.