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1. Feasibility, safety, efficacy and potential scaling-up of sofosbuvir-based HCV treatment in Central and West Africa: (TAC ANRS 12311 trial)

Author

Lacombe, Karine, Moh, Raoul, Chazallon, Corine, Lemoine, Maud, Sylla, Babacar, Fadiga, Fatoumata, Le Carrou, Jerôme, Marcellin, Fabienne, Kouanfack, Charles, Ciaffi, Laura, Sartre, Michelle Tagni, Sida, Magloire Biwole, Diallo, Alpha, Gozlan, Joel, Seydi, Moussa, Cissé, Viviane, Danel, Christine, Girard, Pierre Marie, Toni, Thomas d’Aquin, Minga, Albert, Boyer, Sylvie, Carrieri, Patrizia, and Attia, Alain

Published
2024
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2. Effect of decentralising childhood tuberculosis diagnosis to primary health centre versus district hospital levels on disease detection in children from six high tuberculosis incidence countries: an operational research, pre-post intervention study

Author

Laurence, Borand, Agathe, de Lauzanne, Bunnet, Dim, Seyla, Heang, Sanary, Kaing, Chanty, Keang, Socheat, L.Y., Pichpiseth, Meas, Sovann, Nhoueng, Long, Pring, Vouchleang, Sreng, Song, Yin, Saren, Sovan, Chanvirak, Phan, Chanra, Chreng, Ratha, Khoun, Monicando, Rin, Sophea, Pal, Boraneath, Nang, Rathakrun, Pom, Tan Eang, Mao, Simoy, Chhim, Huot, Touch, Kosal, Suon, Saronn, Chum, Kimhong, Tok, Kimchorn, Pring, Satya, Krouch, Chean, Chok, Sunleng, Seun, Savtey, Phon, Mai, Nang, Kimda, Hun, Vanny, Hong, Dara, Sok, Kosal, Chea, Bunthoeun, Chheang, Rino, Sem, Lam, Lay, Haysan, Say, Pholly, Kem, Sreyphal, Meng, Sokheng, Phorn, Sreyvann, Him, Peakdey, Pheach, Dalai, Kive, Moeur, Sar, Sreydy, Kong, Seyha, Kong, Sreytouch, Yorn, Soam, Tes, Sophal, Kep, Seroeung HENG Thy, Leng, Savorn, Neak, Sim, Seng, Pheakna, Pay, Sithan, Suon, Sophanna, Chan, Dyna, Um, Savuth, Sin, Sam, Phan, Sarim, Kum, Sokheng, Khath, Pong, Phem, Seyha, Sok, Chanty, Ny, Van, Leim, Sereyvuth, Pich, Sengkry, Chheang, Nhin, Eang, Vannareth, Sao, Vannak, Sim, Sopheak, Som, Ney, Pong, Sokha, Van, Sreyleap, Seng, Vanna, Yoeurng, Kakada, Toem, Thida, Keo, Vuochny, Sem, Sophal, Veng, Chanthol, Rin, Vanny, Seang, Kiri, Lok, Khemra, Mao, Keovanna, Ouk, Maiya, Min, Suomun, Morm, Rattana, Koy, Sreypov, Chhann, Sreytouch, Set, Audrey, Amboua Schouame, Clifford, Babey, Masama, Eden Ngu, Etienne, Guenou, Sylvie, Kwedi Nolna, Douglas, Mbang Massom, Bernard Fortune, Melingui, Nadia, Nga Elomo, Moïse, Mvetumbo, Angeline, Nkembe, Krystel, Ebo, Albert, Kuate Kuate, Michelline, Choupa, Maggi, Mbede, Valerie, Donkeng, Nelly, Kamgaing, Jean-Voisin, Taguebue, Achille, Touha Yannick, Estelle, Abomo Zang, Rosette, Bakoa, Esperance, Mimbouombela Leger, Sabine, Eleme, Gabrielle, Eteme Marie, Thierry, Elouna Nkoa, Dieudonné, Ndzana, Christophe, Bitti, Olivier, Fotsing, Charlotte, Lani Boko, Mathieu, Mbonga, Ghislain Ulrich, Njakou Sagang, Innocent, Onomo, Charlotte, Essaga Hortense, Daniel Desiré, Mboudi Kouang, Léon, Eloundou, Helene, Kengne, Felix, Mbassi, Juliette, Bidjeme, Hortense, Toua Eteme, Nadege, Essama, Roger, Belinga Balla, Norbert, Tassi, Roline, Nguiko Elsa, Leonard, Mekongo, Fabien, Eyebe Ayissi, Francine Christelle, Biloa Anaba, Philomène, Nsom, Celestin Géraud, Yam Essola, Edwige Léa, Mame Moo, Noé, Makon, Arllette Rita, Nounkep Yanghu, Frank, Ebanga, Antoinette, Assiga Ntsama, Carlyle Sorelle, Kamguia Djuimsop, Diane, Mbabou, Marie, Maguip Abanda, Rosine Berthe, Nguemafouo Doummene, Amos, Mekone, Ngwankfu, Konfor Blessing, Jérome, Mimboe, Virginie, Tiona, Roland, Beleck, Sairou, Zam, Nicole, Adibone, Claude, Biaback Jean, Denis, Bessong, Gilbert, Aminou, Jeremie Pagnol, Bille Bonga, Aubin, Fotso Monkap, Epse NGON Annie, Hitekelek, Vitrice, Sebe, Leo, Makon, Marie, Ennah, Mpie, Paul Boyolo, Diane Viviane, Metchoum, Celin, Nzambe, Arnaud, Dado, Milobert, Mbengang, Marceline, Eyebi, Vanessa, Ngah, Alice, Mballa Batonga, Solange, Ayouba, Pierrette, Ebode, Majino, Mamou, Marguerite, Botomogne Bomba, Salametou, Ngnet, Augustine Florence, Essengue Ngono, Rolland, Odionoloba Charles, Bernice, Bisso, Suzy, Balemaken Ingrid, Marie Louise, Mandoki a Bilong, Gertrude, Ndeng Ayouba, Josue, Ngon, Roger, Aka Bony, Kacou Michel, Bah, Dro, Bakayoko, Rolande, Baki Aimee, Marie-France Larissa, Banga, Olivier, Bouzié, Kan, Brou, Pan, Coulibaly, Serge, Danho, Flavien, Deli, Alphonse, Dion, Bi, Do, Armand, Dohoun, William, Edjeme, Cathérine, Falé, Melissa, Gogoua Saulé, Constant, Kesse, Eric, Komena Auguste, Christian, Kouadio, Arkason, Kouame Abel, Raoul, Moh, Sandrine, Nguessan Marcelle, Bertine, Siloué, Nina, Soua, Cyrille Prisca, Yao Yapi, Timothée, Ouassa, Jacquemin, Kouakou, Eric, Balestre, Aurélie, Beuscart, Aurélie, Charpin, Marc, D'elbee, Hélène, Font, Basant, Joshi, Nicolas, Koskas, Olivier, Marcy, Estelle, Occelli, Joanna, Orne-Gliemann, Julien, Poublan, Elodie, Vernoux, Maryline, Bonnet, Savine, Chauvet, Manon, Lounnas, Guillaume, Breton, Pierre-Yves, Norval, Sheyla, Cassy, Verna, Chambal, Valter, Chiúle, Supinho, Chimbanje, Saniata, Cumbe, Mércia, Matsinhe, Celso, Khosa, Nairo, Mabote, Salvador, Machava, Emelva, Machonisse, Verónica, Macuácua, Denise, Milice, Jorge, Ribeiro, Elcídio, Tivane, Dorlim, Uetela, Yara, Voss de Lima, Américo, Zandamela, Alcina, Zita, Ivan, Manhiça, Benedita, José, Dalila, Rego, Chris, Buck W., Kapoli, Kasembe, Atália, Massangaie, Assa, Sitoe, Ambostique, Argola, Césio, Miambo, Presequila, Nhatsave, Gilda, Sitoe, Charifito, Vesta, Salvador, Dimande, Lázaro, Mazembe, Nilza, Amade, Manuela, Chavela, Nomsa, Macheque, Salomão, Comé, Eulália, Machava, Narciso, Mucavele, Jacinto, Nhabanga, Marlene, Nicolau, Natércia, Simbine, Lina, Uendela, Micaela, Juaio, Abiba, Saíde, Naira, Macie, Fernando, Mondlane, Stélio, Simango, Prince, Beyan, Benjamin M, Flomo, Abubakarr, Jalloh Joseph, Ishmael, Kamara, Monica G, Koroma, Mohamed, Lamin, Lena, Matata, Ross, Mugisha Jacob, Christiana M, Senesie, Sheriff, S.E.S.A.Y., Egerton, Tamba Kamara, Ayeshatu, Mustapha, Lynda, Foray, Sandra, Agondeze, Agnes, Kobusingye, Mastula, Nanfuka, Faith, Namulinda, Eric, Wobudeya, Rinah, Arinaitwe, Rodney, Kaitano, Martin, Kasujja, Juliet, Mwanga-Amumpaire, Evans, Mwesigwa, Naome, Natukunda, Simpson, Nuwamanya, Miria, Nyangoma, Patrick, Orikiriza, Johnbosco, Tumwijukye, Esther, Turyashemererwa, Nyehangane, Dan, Mugisha, Ivan, Winnie, Biryeri, George, Naika, Robert, Ongwara O., Allen, Najjuko, Augustine, Kayiira, Samuel, Yairo, Immaculate, Tumwebaze, Goreth, Nalwoga, Paul, Nsiyaleta, Annet, Agaba, Martin, Mpimbaza M., Norbert, Akampurira, Agatha, Tugumisirize, Evans, Ariyo, Julius, Agaba, Yovita, Natukunda, Nelson, Musazi, Edmund, Musinguzi, Brown, Baluku Julius, Moorine, Sekadde, Stavia, Turyahabwe, Chishala, Chabala, Luis, Cuevas, Christophe, Delacourt, Steve, Graham, Malgorzata, Grzemska, Sabine, Verkuijl, Anneke, Hesseling, Elizabeth, Maleche-Obimbo, Mark, Nicol, Wobudeya, Eric, Nanfuka, Mastula, Ton Nu Nguyet, Minh Huyen, Taguebue, Jean-Voisin, Moh, Raoul, Breton, Guillaume, Khosa, Celso, Borand, Laurence, Mwanga-Amumpaire, Juliet, Mustapha, Ayeshatu, Nolna, Sylvie Kwedi, Komena, Eric, Mugisha, Jacob Ross, Natukunda, Naome, Dim, Bunnet, de Lauzanne, Agathe, Cumbe, Saniata, Balestre, Eric, Poublan, Julien, Lounnas, Manon, Ngu, Eden, Joshi, Basant, Norval, Pierre-Yves, Terquiem, Etienne Leroy, Turyahabwe, Stavia, Foray, Lynda, Sidibé, Souleymane, Manhiça, Ivan, Sekadde, Moorine, Detjen, Anne, Verkuijl, Sabine, Mao, Tan Eang, Orne-Gliemann, Joanna, Bonnet, Maryline, and Marcy, Olivier

Published
2024
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3. Cost-effectiveness and budget impact of decentralising childhood tuberculosis diagnosis in six high tuberculosis incidence countries: a mathematical modelling study

Author

Arlt-Hilares, Doris, Balestre, Eric, Banga, Marie-France, Bénard, Antoine, Bernard, Tanguy, Bonnet, Maryline, Borand, Laurence, Breton, Guillaume, Bunnet, Dim, Chateau, Paul-Damien, Cumbe, Saniata, d’Elbée, Marc, de Lauzanne, Agathe, Dodd, Peter James, Harker, Martin, Huyen Ton Nu Nguyet, Minh, Kaing, Sanary, Khosa, Celso, Komena, Eric, Koroma, Monica, Kwedi Nolna, Sylvie, Mafirakureva, Nyashadzaishe, Mao, Tan Eang, Marcy, Olivier, Mbang Masson, Douglas, Moh, Raoul, Mugisha, Jacob, Mustapha, Ayeshatu, Mwanga-Amumpere, Juliet, Nanfuka, Mastula, Natukunda, Naome, Orne-Gliemann, Joanna, Ouattara, Eric, Poublan, Julien, Sohn, Hojoon, Taguebue, Jean-Voisin, Tulinawe, Immaculate, Voss de Lima, Yara, Wittwer, Jérôme, Wobudeya, Eric, Nolna, Sylvie Kwedi, and Dodd, Peter J.

Published
2024
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5. Effect of systematic tuberculosis detection on mortality in young children with severe pneumonia in countries with high incidence of tuberculosis: a stepped-wedge cluster-randomised trial

Author

Marcy, Olivier, Serre, Angeline, Badrichani, Anne, Razafimanantsoa, Manoa, Poublan, Julien, Vessière, Aurélia, Roucher, Clémentine, Occelli, Estelle, Beuscart, Aurélie, Charpin, Aurélie, Habiyambere, Gemma, Mesnier, Salomé, Balestre, Eric, Bhatta, Bandana, Maillard, Anne-Laure, Orne-Gliemann, Joanna, Baillet, Emmanuelle, Koskas, Nicolas, D'Elbée, Marc, Gabillard, Delphine, Font, Hélène, Huyen, Minh, Bonnet, Maryline, Lounnas, Manon, Espérou, Hélène, Couffin-Cadiergues, Sandrine, Kuppers, Alexis, Hamze, Benjamin, BORAND, Laurence, de LAUZANNE, Agathe, DIM, Bunnet, Keang, Chanthy, PRING, Long, YIN, Song, SARITH, Channimol, PHAN, Chanvirak, NHEUONG, Sovann, LY, Socheat, KAING, Sanary, SRENG, Vouchleang, LUN, Elen, SAY, Leakhena, SUOM, Sophea, FERHY, Romyka, SO, Dina, BORN, Sorunna, PAL, Sophea, NANG, Boraneath, MAO, Tan Eang, KIM, Ang, Srey, Viso, Kan, Piseth, Hout, leakhena, Ith, Samnang, Oum, Sophany, Sau, Sokunvadhana, Ho, Kim Heang, Kith, Daronic, Nuch, Nathara, Horm, Chhun Leang, Sophon, Cheameas, Roeungdeth, Bosba, MENG, Chhay, RITH, Ravin, PHY, Samnang, SOR, Chanchetra, SAO, Voleak, KHAT, Sophea, MAK, Bunthoeun, UY, Angkeaborin, KHAY, Sreyny, SOM, Kimsan, HACH, rongvirak, SOK, Hay, KUON, Sotheavy, HENG, Synatt, SENG, Amara, NIM, Sopheak, PAN, Reach, KIM, Srean, SREY LEAP, Keo, NET, Bormey, NOUN, Viccheka, LAY, Daven, MANY, Chhaing, Seng, Socheata, Ly, Vuthy, So, Saran, Oun, Sovutthik, CHEY, Sopheap, CHHEA, Rattany, BAONG, Lydeth, THOUNG, Vanna, KHEANG, Chanrithea, BY, Borady, Nguon, Vathanak, MEACH, Eksophea, Tek, Sopheak, Ngeav, Sina, Lun, Tetra, HEM, Deth, CHUT, Nayreang, SARIK, Setha, NANG, Hgekkoung, MEACH, Mengnean, SRENG, Sopal, SAR, Dara, KIN, Rathana, ROS, Phoran, DORN, Chenda, KAK, Chansy, Sambath, Srey Leak, Son, Leakhena, Bin, Linda, Pengong, Eangnay, Pol, Sokha, Khutsorn, Samnang, Seang, Sorsophea, Soun, Virak, Vong, Vuthy, Khoeung, Chandara, Um, Panha, Bou, Sokunthea, Song Pich, Sarin, Nim, Puthy, Khat, Sopheak, Ban Si, Nuon, Ream, Sovannodom, Ing, Sim, Chann, Phanith, Ngeth, Samrith, Sun, Marina, Chhoeung, Sokea, Sean, Soeun, Prak, Ratanak, Taguebue, Jean-Voisin, Kwedi Nolna, Sylvie, Amboua Schouame Onambele, Audrey, Hycenth, Numfor, Melingui, Bernard, Nkembe Medounmga, Angeline, Hougnang Tatmi, Luciole, Etemgoua, Nathalie, Kouesso, Vanessa, Bugin, Jean, Nzedjom, Celestine, Ngoya, Roger, Eyike, Jules, Loudjom, Elyse, Lonsti, Roger, Dang, Ladi, Bintar, Edward, Njayong, Chantal, Ngonsoa O, Cinthia, Ndzeukap, Isabelle, Dzoyem, Pascaline, Dzokou, Clémentine, Dindo, Berthe, Moh, Raoul, Komena, Eric Auguste, Aka Bony, Roger, Kouadio, Christian, Danho, Serge, Goli, Melissa, Folquet, Madeleine, Itchy, Max Valère, Sidibé, Abdel, Cissé, Lancina, Ouattara, Joseph, Konaté, Mamadou, Amon-Tanoh Dick, Flore, Cardena, Melissa, Adonis-Koffi, Laurence, Eugenie, Djabia, Kouamé, Ferdinand, Menan, Hervé, Inwoley, André, Ouassa, Timothée, Nguessan, Marcelle Sandrine, Khosa, Celso, Cumbe, Saniata, Manhiça, Emelva, Zitha, Alcina, Chiúle, Valter, Muxanga, Eva, Gune, Irene, Lima, Yara, Ribeiro, Jorge, Mavale, Sandra, Chilundo, Josina, Maxanguana, Felismina, Morais, Natália, Manhiça, Julieta, Give, Josefina, Atumane, Jafito, Lucas, Gelson, Thai, Arsénio, Chave, Adélio, Rego, Dalila, Guambe, Lúcia, Issa, Faiaz, Carneiro, Rosa, Pene, Neusa, Florindo, Natércia, Machel, Dália, Cumbane, Cecília, Mendes, Helena, Kitungwa, Mule, Muianga, Valdo, Tamele, Humberto, Sulude, Adelino, Mabota, Roda, Comandante, Herquéria, Massangaie, Abelardo, Wobudeya, Eric, Businge, Gerald Bright, Namulinda, Faith, Sserunjogi, Robert, Nassozi, Rashidah, Barungi, Charlotte, Aanyu, Hellen, Muwonge, Doreen, Kagoya, Eva, Aciparu, Serene, Chemutai, Sophia, Ntambi, Samuel, Wasswa, Amir, Nangozi, Juliet, Tagoola, Abner, Mbekeka, Prossy, Kenneth, Sajja, Lubega, John Paul, Nassali, Aidah, Tagobera, Jessica, Agwang, Christine, Kalembe, Florence, Ajambo, Annet, Aguti, Elizabeth, Kasibante, Samuel, Matende, Henry, Odongo, Israel Owen, Mwanga Amumpaire, Juliet, Natukunda, Naome, Ngabirano, Gertrude, Kakwenza, Paul, Nuwamanya, Simpson, Nyangoma, Miria, Nabbuto, Jane, Abok, Florence, Arinaitwe, Rinah, Birungi, Diana, Mwesigwa, Evans, Atwine, Daniel, Mbega, Hassan, Orikiriza, Patrick, Taremwa, Ivan, Turyashemererwa, Esther, Derrick, Hope, Nyehangane, Dan, Kaitano, Rodney, Logoose, Susan, Businge, Steven, Ntambi, Charles, Mugabi, Jerome, Mzee, John, Besigye, Julius, Kanzira, Saul, Turyatemba, Phionah, Twebaze, Florence, Chabala, Chishala, Mulenga, Veronica, Shankalala, Perfect, Hambulo, Chimuka, Kapotwe, Vincent, Ngambi, Marjory, Kasakwa, Kunda, Chirwa, Uzima, Kapula, Chifunda, Zulu, Susan, Nawakwi, Grace, Siasulingana, Teddy, Chilonga, Jessy, Chimbini, Maria, Chilanga, Mutinta, Nduna, Bwendo, Inambao, Muleya, Mwambazi, Mwate, Halende, Barbra, Mumba, Wyclef, Mankunshe, Endreen, Silavwe, Maureen, Chakopo, Moses, Moono, Roy, Mwanga-Amumpaire, Juliet, De Lauzanne, Agathe, Dim, Bunnet, Tiogouo Ngouana, Emeline, Folquet Amorrissani, Madeleine, Cisse, Lassina, Amon Tanoh Dick, Flore, Komena, Eric A, Businge, Gerald, Kim, Ang, Kheang, Chanrithea, Maleche-Obimbo, Elizabeth, Seddon, James A, Mao, Tan Eang, Graham, Stephen M, Delacourt, Christophe, and Borand, Laurence

Published
2023
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6. Implementation of digital chest radiography for childhood tuberculosis diagnosis at district hospital level in six high tuberculosis burden and resources limited countries.

Author

Melingui, Bernard Fortune, Basant, Joshi, Taguebue, Jean voisin, Massom, Douglas Mbang, Leroy Terquem, Etienne, Norval, Pierre Yves, Salomao, Angelica, Dim, Bunnet, Tek, Chhen Eap, Borand, Laurence, Khosa, Celso, Moh, Raoul, Mwanga‐Amumpere, Juliet, Eang, Mao Tan, Manhiça, Ivan, Mustapha, Ayeshatu, Balestre, Eric, Beneteau, Samuel, Wobudeya, Eric, and Marcy, Olivier

Subjects
MEDICAL personnel, RESOURCE-limited settings, MEDICAL care, INTERNET access, CHEST X rays
Abstract

Objectives: Chest x‐ray (CXR) plays an important role in childhood tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis, but access to quality CXR remains a major challenge in resource‐limited settings. Digital CXR (d‐CXR) can solve some image quality issues and facilitate their transfer for quality control. We assess the implementation of introducing d‐CXR in 12 district hospitals (DHs) in 2021–2022 across Cambodia, Cameroon, Ivory Coast, Mozambique, Sierra Leone and Uganda as part of the TB‐speed decentralisation study on childhood TB diagnosis. Methods: For digitisation of CXR, digital radiography (DR) plates were setup on existing analogue radiography devices. d‐CXR were transferred to an international server at Bordeaux University and downloaded by sites' clinicians for interpretation. We assessed the uptake and performance of CXR services and health care workers' (HCW) perceptions of d‐CXR implementation. We used a convergent mixed method approach utilising process data, individual interviews with 113 HCWs involved in performing or interpreting d‐CXRs and site support supervision reports. Results: Of 3104 children with presumptive TB, 1642 (52.9%) had at least one d‐CXR, including 1505, 136 and 1 children with one, two and three d‐CXRs, respectively, resulting in a total of 1780 d‐CXR. Of them, 1773 (99.6%) were of good quality and 1772/1773 (99.9%) were interpreted by sites' clinicians. One hundred and sixty‐four children had no d‐CXR performed despite attending the radiography department: 126, 37 and 1 with one, two and three attempts, respectively. d‐CXRs were not performed in 21.6% (44/203) due to connectivity problem between the DR plate captor and the computer. HCW reported good perceptions of d‐CXR and of the DR plates provided. The main challenge was the upload to and download from the server of d‐CXRs due to limited internet access. Conclusion: d‐CXR using DR plates was feasible at DH level and provided good quality images but required overcoming operational challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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7. Empirical treatment against cytomegalovirus and tuberculosis in HIV-infected infants with severe pneumonia: study protocol for a multicenter, open-label randomized controlled clinical trial

Author

Rojo, Pablo, Moraleda, Cinta, Tagarro, Alfredo, Domínguez-Rodríguez, Sara, Castillo, Lola Madrid, Tato, Luis Manuel Prieto, López, Aranzazu Sancho, Manukyan, Lilit, Marcy, Olivier, Leroy, Valeriane, Nardone, Alessandra, Burger, David, Bassat, Quique, Bates, Matthew, Moh, Raoul, Iroh Tam, Pui-Ying, Mvalo, Tisungane, Magallhaes, Justina, Buck, W. Chris, Sacarlal, Jahit, Musiime, Victor, Chabala, Chishala, and Mujuru, Hilda Angela

Published
2022
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11. Service delivery challenges in HIV care during the first year of the COVID‐19 pandemic: results from a site assessment survey across the global IeDEA consortium

Author

Brazier, Ellen, Ajeh, Rogers, Maruri, Fernanda, Musick, Beverly, Freeman, Aimee, Wester, C. William, Lee, Man?Po, Shamu, Tinei, Ramírez, Brenda Crabtree, D' Almeida, Marcelline, Wools?Kaloustian, Kara, Kumarasamy, N., Althoff, Keri N., Twizere, Christella, Grinsztejn, Beatriz, Tanser, Frank, Messou, Eugène, Byakwaga, Helen, Duda, Stephany N., Nash, Denis, Chansilpa, Chidchon, Dougherty, Trevor, Karminia, Azar, Law, Matthew, Ross, Jeremy, Sohn, Annette, Aguirre, Ivette, Baker, David, Bloch, Mark, Cabot, Safaa, Carr, Andrew, Couldwell, Deborah, Edwards, Sian, Eu, Beng, Farlow, Heather, Finlayson, Robert, Gunathilake, Manoji, Hazlewood, Cherie, Hoy, Jennifer, Langton?Lockton, Julian, Le, Jacqueline, Leprince, Elizabeth, Minc, Ariane, Moore, Richard, O'Sullivan, Maree, Roth, Norm, Rowling, Dianne, Russell, Darren, Ryder, Nathan, Saunders, Craig, Silvers, Julie, Smith, David J., Sowden, David, Sweeney, Grant, Tan, Lynn, Teague, Ricard, Templeton, David, Thng, Caroline, Woolley, Ian, Khol, Vohith, Ly, Penh Sun, Li, Tsz Hei, Po, Lee Man, Kinikar, Aarti, Kumarasamy, Nagalingeswaran, Mundhe, Sanjay, Pujari, Sanjay, Sangle, Shashikala, Nimkar, Smita, Jassin, Madelein, Kurniati, Nia, Merati, Tuti Parwati, Muktiarti, Dina, Amalia, Rizqi, Sukmawati, Ni Made Dewi Dian, Wati, Ketut Dewi Kumara, Yunihastuti, Evy, Tanuma, Junko, Choi, Jun Yong, Azwa, Raja Iskandar Shah Raja, Cheng, Chan Kwai, Gani, Yasmin Mohamed, Mohamed, Thahira Jamal, Moy, Fong Siew, Nallusamy, Revathy, Nor, Mohamad Zulfahami Mohd, Rudi, Nuraini, Shyan, Wong Peng, Yusoff, Nik Khairulddin Nik, Ditangco, Rossana, Chan, Yu?Jiun, Wu, Pei?Chieh, Wu, Ping?Feng, Avihingsanon, Anchalee, Chaiwarith, Romanee, Chokephaibulkit, Kulkanya, Khusuwan, Suwimon, Kiertiburanakul, Sasisopin, Kosalaraksa, Pope, Lumbiganon, Pagakrong, Ounchanam, Pradtana, Puthanakit, Thanyawee, Rungmaitree, Supattra, Solai, Nuttarika, Sudjaritruk, Tavitiya, An, Vu Thien, Cuong, Do Duy, Do, Chau Viet, Huy, Bui Vu, Quy, Tuan, Van Nguyen, Kinh, Nguyen, Luan, Nguyen, Van Lam, Nguyen, Yen Thi, Nong, Vuong Minh, Truong, Huu Khanh, Tuyen, Ngo Thi Thu, Mcgowan, Catherine C., Duda, Stephany, Cahn, Florencia, Cahn, Pedro, Cesar, Carina, Fink, Valeria, Sued, Omar, Coelho, Lara, Machado, Daisy Maria, Pinto, Jorge, Wolff, Marcelo, Rouzier, Vanessa, Padgett, Denis, Gotuzzo, Eduardo, Biziragusenyuka, Jérémie, Gateretse, Patrick, Nimbona, Pelagie, Niyonkuru, Olive, Twizere, Christelle, Anicetus, Surreng, Djenabou, Amadou, Enow, Priscilla, Mbu, Eyongetah, Manga, Martin, Ndobe, Mercy, Nasah, Judith, Ekossono, Elle Nathalie Syntyche, Bouseko, Mireille Teno, Kitetele, Faustin, Lelo, Patricia, Diafouka, Merlin Isidore Justin, Mafoua, Adolphe, Nsonde, Dominique Mahambou, Bihira, Uitonze Aime Maurice, Dusabe, Marie Chantal, Feza, Rosine, Habanabashaka, Jean Claude, Habumuremyi, Viateur, Igizeneza, Ernestine, Kamigisha, Anne Marie, Kubwimana, Gallican, Maniriho, Gilbert, Mbaraga, Gilbert, Muhoza, Benjamin, Mukakarangwa, Jeanne, Mukamana, Joyce, Mukanyirigira, Patricie, Mukeshimana, Yvone Claude, Munyaneza, Athanase, Murenzi, Gad, Musaninyange, Jacqueline, Nyiraneza, Jules Ndumuhire, Ntarambirwa, Fidele, Nyiraneza, Marie Louise, Tuyishime, Josette, Tuyishimire, Yvonne, Ubandutira, Alexis, Umugiraneza, Florance, Umugwaneza, Rosine, Uwamahoro, Olive, Uwamahoro, Pauline, Uwambaje, Marie Victoire, Uwimpuhwe, Clarisse, Uwiragiye, Siphora, Kuhn, Yee Yee, Adera, Felix, Adhiambo, Beatricec, Aggrey, Khaemba, Akadikor, Daniel, Ambulla, Felix, Apiyo, Dorah, Ariya, Patrick, Atemba, Naftal, Ayodi, Fridah, Benard, Chirchir, Bett, Maureen, Birgen, Serafine, Bwalei, Rael, Chebon, Nancy, Chebor, Valentine Jirry, Chebuiywo, Philip, Chemutai, Jacline, Chepkorir, Emily, Chepseba, Carolyne, Chirchir, John, Diero, Lameck, Dukwa, Benard, Elphas, Alice, Etyang, Tom, Idiama, Agnes, Jebichuko, Ann, Jepchumba, Delvine, Juma, Churchill, Juma, Maureen, Juma, Sheila, Kadima, Julie, Karani, Rose, Keitany, Christopher, Keter, Pricilla, Kiavoga, Lucy, Kibet, Harrison, Kimutai, Ruth, Kiplagat, Mutai, Kiprono, Wilfred, Kipruto, Nicholas Kogei, Kirimi, Asenath, Koech, Zeddy, Kosgei, Carolyne, Kutto, Karen, Kweyu, Mildred, Liech, Ephraim Kenneth, Limo, Milka, Maina, Rose, Marumbu, Priscah, Masese, Agnes, Mochotto, Patricia, Molly, Omudeck, Momanyi, Tom, Murutu, John W., Mwanda, Praxidis, Ndakalu, Lillian, Nderitu, Rose N., Obatsa, Sarah, Obiga, Fredrick, Oboya, Moses, Odhiambo, Joseph, Olaya, George, Omanyala, Oscar, Oray, Christine, Otieno, Molly, Otwane, Modesta Toto, Ouma, Paul, Owuor, Charles, Pepela, Doris Tutu, Pessah, Collins, Rotich, Evans, Rotich, Edwin K., Rutto, Titus C., Shikuku, Monica, Sibweche, Rose Naliaka, Simiyu, Robert Wanyonyi, Siria, Hellen, Some, Michael, Songok, Winnie Cherotich, Tanui, Immaculate, Wafula, Grace, Wambura, Rebecca, Wanjala, Ellah, Wanyama, Carolyne, Wanyonyi, Hellen, Woyakapel, Emmanuel, Zelbabel, Wandera, Gwimo, Dikengela, Kinyota, Ester, Lwali, Jerome, Lyamuya, Rita, Machemba, Richard, Mathias, Julia, Mkombachepa, Lilian, Mokiwa, Athuman, Mushi, Ombeni, Ndunguru, Charles, Ngonyani, Kapella, Nyaga, Charles, Ruta, Happiness, Urassa, Mark, Akanyihayo, James, Arinaitwe, Arnold, Batuuka, Jesca, Birungi, Walusimbi, Bugembe, John Nyanzi, Ddungu, Ahmed, Francis, Kato, Imran, Bangira, Kafuuma, George William, Kalulue, John Bosco, Kanaabi, Grace, Kanyesigye, Michale, Karuhanga, Godfery, Kasozi, Charles, Kasule, Godfrey, Katusime, Assumpta, Kibalama, Donozio, Kimera, Simon Peter, Kulusumu, Namatovu, Lule, Yusuf, Lwanga, Isaac, Mluindwa, Margaret, Moses, Jemba, Mubarak, Sseremba, Muggaga, Daniel, Mukalazi, Evelyn, Muleebwa, Joseph, Mulema, Derick, Musisi, Ivan, Muwawu, John, Muyindike, Winnie, Mwaka, Dick, Naava, Milly, Nabiyki, Immaculate, Nabusulwa, Agnes, Nakabugo, Dorah, Nakamya, Esther, Nakanwagi, Daisy, Nakato, Oliver, Nakayi, Lydian, Nakigozi, Patience, Nakku, Juliet, Nakuya, Juliet, Nakyomu, Justine, Namayanja, Joan, Namirembe, Sarah, Namugumya, Juliet, Namukasa, Ezereth, Namulindwa, Viola, Nankya, Irene, Nannyondo, Grace Mugagga, Nansamba, Harriet, Nansera, Denis, Nanyanzi, Brenda, Nanyonjo, Esther Celina, Nayiga, Irene, Opira, Isaac, Owarwo, Noela C., Resty, Sserunkuma, Semuwemba, Haruna, Senoga, Julius, Sseguya, Gerald, Ssekyewa, John Paul, Ssemakadde, Matthew, Tebajjwa, Jonah, Tugumisirize, Doreen, Tushemerirwe, Robinah, Waliyi, Kawuki, Althoff, Keri, Bishop, Jennifer, Gill, M J., Loutfy, Mona, Smith, Graham, Bamford, Laura, Black, Anthony, Brice, Asia, Brown, Sheldon, Colasanti, Jonathan, Duarte, Piper, Firnhaber, Cynthia, Goetz, Matthew, Grasso, Chris, Gripshover, Barbara, Horberg, Michael, Kelly, Rita, Levine, Ken, Luu, Mitchell, Marconi, Vincent, Maroney, Karen, Mayer, Kenneth, Mayor, Angel, Mcgowan, Catherine, Multani, Ami, Napravnik, Sonia, Nijhawan, Ank, Novak, Richard, Palella, Frank, Rodriguez, Maria C., Scott, Mia, Tedaldi, Ellen, Willig, James, Cornell, Morna, Davies, Mary?Ann, Egger, Matthias, Haas, Andreas, Bereng, Monkoe, Kalake, Maleshoane, Lenela, Keketso, Seretse, Relebohile, Chintenga, Matthews, Chiwoko, Jane, Gumulira, Joe, Huwa, Jacqueline, Maluwa, Rafique, Matanje, Beatrice, Mbewe, Ronald, Mfungwe, Sunshine, Mphande, Zakaliah, Tweya, Hannock, Rafael, Idiovino, Apolles, Patti, Beneke, Eunice, Dlamini, Siphephelo, Edson, Claire, Eley, Brian, Euvrard, Jonathan, Fatti, Geoffrey, Goeieman, Bridgette, Grimwood, Ashraf, Huang, David, Hugo, Susan, Ismail, Zahiera, Jennings, Lauren, Mathenjwa, Thulile, Monteith, Lizette, Mshweshwe, Zamuxolo, Ntuli, Mfundi, Ndlovu, En, Ndlozi, Hloniphile, Noyakaza, Sylvia, Prozesky, Hans, Rabie, Helena, Sipambo, Nosisa, Technau, Karl?Günter, Tembe, Thokozani, Xaba, Nontando, Njobvu, Thandiwe, Munthaly, Mary, Mwetwa, Elly, Kabeba, Gillian, Mwendafilumba, Derrick, Maanguka, Ethel, Manyika, Nelly, Mwansa, Chalwe, Banda, Future, Mwenda, Dickson, Bwalya, Abel, Shapi, Leah, Syame, Kasapo, Sashi, Rita, Mulenga, Chisha, Nanyangwe, Ruth, Chimbetete, Cleophas, Chinofunga, A., Mhike, J., Mubvigwi, E., Nyika, F., Quarter, Kumbirai Pise, Arikawa, Shino Chassagne, Becquet, Renaud, Bernard, Charlotte, Dabis, François, Desmonde, Sophie, Dahourou, Désiré, Ekouevi, Didier Koumavi, Jaquet, Antoine, Jesson, Julie, Leroy, Valeriane, Malateste, Karen, Rabourdin, Elodie, Tiendrebeogo, Thierry, Assogba, Michée, Zannou, Djimon Marcel, Hounhoui, Ghislaine, Bere, Denise, Poda, Armel, Pooda, Gbolo, Traore, Richard, Abauble, Yao, Abby, Ouattara, Acquah, Patrick, Andoble, Valérie, Aude, Yobo N'Dzama, Azani, Jean?Claude, Berete, Oka, Beugre, Jacques Daple, Bohoussou, Caroline Yao, Brou, Simon Boni Emmanuel, Chenal, Henri, Cissé, Abdoulaye, Coulibaly, Nambate, Dainguy, Marie Evelyne, Daligou, Marcelle, D' Aquin, Toni Thomas, Dasse, Claude Desire, Folquet, Madeleine Amorissani, Gnepa, Guy, Gobe, Olivier, Guira, Salif, Hawerlander, Denise, Horo, Apollinaire, Kanga, Guillaume, Messou, Zobo Konan Eugène, Minga, Kla Albert, Moh, Raoul, N'Gbeche, Mariesylvie, Ogbo, Patricia, Oulai, Mathieu, Stéphanie, Se, Eboua, Tanoh, Valère, Itchy Max, Afrane, Adwoa Kumiwa Asare, Akrofi, Esther, Andoh, John Christian, Renner, Lorna, Bagayoko, Awa, Bagayoko, Kadidiatou, Bah, Abdou Salam, Berthe, Alima, Coulibaly, Boureïma, Coulibaly, Fatimata, Coulibaly, Yacouba Aba, Diakité, Aïssata, Bocoum, Fatoumata, Boré, Fatoumata, Dicko, Fatoumata, Koné, Odile, Sylla, Mariam, Tangara, Assitan, Traoré, Mamadou, Seydi, Moussa, Amegatse, Edmond, Djossou, Julienne, Takassi, Elom, and Palanga, Sénam

Subjects
HIV (Viruses) -- Care and treatment -- Patient outcomes, Public health administration -- Evaluation, Health
Abstract

: Introduction: Interruptions in treatment pose risks for people with HIV (PWH) and threaten progress in ending the HIV epidemic; however, the COVID‐19 pandemic's impact on HIV service delivery across diverse settings is not broadly documented. Methods: From September 2020 to March 2021, the International epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA) research consortium surveyed 238 HIV care sites across seven geographic regions to document constraints in HIV service delivery during the first year of the pandemic and strategies for ensuring care continuity for PWH. Descriptive statistics were stratified by national HIV prevalence ( Results: Questions about pandemic‐related consequences for HIV care were completed by 225 (95%) sites in 42 countries with low (n = 82), medium (n = 86) and high (n = 57) HIV prevalence, including low‐ (n = 57), lower‐middle (n = 79), upper‐middle (n = 39) and high‐ (n = 50) income countries. Most sites reported being subject to pandemic‐related restrictions on travel, service provision or other operations (75%), and experiencing negative impacts (76%) on clinic operations, including decreased hours/days, reduced provider availability, clinic reconfiguration for COVID‐19 services, record‐keeping interruptions and suspension of partner support. Almost all sites in low‐prevalence and high‐income countries reported increased use of telemedicine (85% and 100%, respectively), compared with less than half of sites in high‐prevalence and lower‐income settings. Few sites in high‐prevalence settings (2%) reported suspending antiretroviral therapy (ART) clinic services, and many reported adopting mitigation strategies to support adherence, including multi‐month dispensing of ART (95%) and designating community ART pick‐up points (44%). While few sites (5%) reported stockouts of first‐line ART regimens, 10–11% reported stockouts of second‐ and third‐line regimens, respectively, primarily in high‐prevalence and lower‐income settings. Interruptions in HIV viral load (VL) testing included suspension of testing (22%), longer turnaround times (41%) and supply/reagent stockouts (22%), but did not differ across settings. Conclusions: While many sites in high HIV prevalence settings and lower‐income countries reported introducing or expanding measures to support treatment adherence and continuity of care, the COVID‐19 pandemic resulted in disruptions to VL testing and ART supply chains that may negatively affect the quality of HIV care in these settings., INTRODUCTION The COVID‐19 pandemic has had major direct and indirect impacts on population health globally, through disruptions in the accessibility and quality of basic health services [1], in supply chains [...]

Published
2022
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12. Impact of systematic early tuberculosis detection using Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra in children with severe pneumonia in high tuberculosis burden countries (TB-Speed pneumonia): a stepped wedge cluster randomized trial

Author

Vessière, Aurélia, Font, Hélène, Gabillard, Delphine, Adonis-Koffi, Laurence, Borand, Laurence, Chabala, Chishala, Khosa, Celso, Mavale, Sandra, Moh, Raoul, Mulenga, Veronica, Mwanga-Amumpere, Juliet, Taguebue, Jean-Voisin, Eang, Mao Tan, Delacourt, Christophe, Seddon, James A., Lounnas, Manon, Godreuil, Sylvain, Wobudeya, Eric, Bonnet, Maryline, and Marcy, Olivier

Published
2021
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13. Implementation of an intensive adherence intervention in patients with second-line antiretroviral therapy failure in four west African countries with little access to genotypic resistance testing: a prospective cohort study

Author

Eholie, Serge P, Moh, Raoul, Benalycherif, Aïda, Gabillard, Delphine, Ello, Frédéric, Messou, Eugène, Zoungrana, Jacques, Diallo, Ismaël, Diallo, Mouhamadou, Bado, Guillaume, Cisse, Mamadou, Maiga, Almoustapha I, Anzian, Amani, Toni, Thomas-d'Aquin, Congo-Ouedraogo, Malika, Toure-Kane, Coumba, Seydi, Moussa, Minta, Daouda K, Sawadogo, Adrien, Sangaré, Lassana, Drabo, Joseph, Karcher, Sophie, Le Carrou, Jérome, de Monteynard, Laure-Amelie, Peytavin, Gilles, Gabassi, Audrey, Girard, Pierre-Marie, Chaix, Marie-Laure, Anglaret, Xavier, and Landman, Roland

Published
2019
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14. Elite and viremic HIV-1 controllers in West Africa

Author

N’takpé, Jean Baptiste, Gabillard, Delphine, Moh, Raoul, Gardiennet, Elise, Toni, Thomas-d’Aquin, Kouame, Gérard M., Badje, Anani, Emieme, Arlette, Karcher, Sophie, Le Carrou, Jérome, Ménan, Hervé, Danel, Christine, Eholie, Serge P., Rouzioux, Christine, Anglaret, Xavier, and Lambotte, Olivier

Published
2022
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15. Reply to Hector et al

Author

Kouamé, Gérard-Menan, Boyd, Anders, Moh, Raoul, Eholié, Serge Paul, Danel, Christine, Lacombe, Karine, and Anglaret, Xavier

Published
2018

16. Higher Mortality Despite Early Antiretroviral Therapy in Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)–Coinfected Patients With High HBV Replication

Author

French National Agency for Research on AIDS and Viral Hepatitis (ANRS) 12136 Temprano and ANRS 12240 VarBVA Study Groups, Kouamé, Gérard-Menan, Boyd, Anders, Moh, Raoul, Badje, Anani, Gabillard, Delphine, Ouattara, Eric, Ntakpe, Jean-Baptiste, Emième, Arlette, Maylin, Sarah, Chekaraou, Mariama Abdou, Eholié, Serge-Paul, Zoulim, Fabien, Lacombe, Karine, Anglaret, Xavier, and Danel, Christine

Published
2018

19. Sexual health needs of female sex workers in Côte d’Ivoire: a mixed-methods study to prepare the future implementation of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention

Author

Camille Anoma, Valentine Becquet, Marcellin Nouaman, Mélanie Plazy, Jean-Marie Masumbuko, Soh Kouame, Christine Danel, Serge Paul Eholie, Joseph Larmarange, Aboubakar Sangaré, Anglaret Xavier, Anoma Camille, Barin Francis, Bazin Brigitte, Becquet Valentine, Dabis François, Danel Christine, Eholie Serge, Ekouevi Didier, Fonsart Julien, Gbosi Kate, Kwamé Abo, Larmarange Joseph, Masumbuko Jean-Marie, Moh Raoul Méda Nicolas, Molina Jean-Michel, N’dri-Yoman Thérèse, Nouaman Marcellin, Plazy Mélanie, Tanoe Solange, and Yeo Roselyne

Subjects
Medicine
Abstract

Objective To describe sexual and reproductive health (SRH) needs of female sex workers (FSWs) to inform the future implementation of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention in this population.Design and setting The ANRS 12361 PrEP-CI cross-sectional and mixed-methods study was designed and implemented with two community-based organisations in Côte d’Ivoire.Participants A convenience sample of 1000 FSWs aged ≥18, not known as HIV-positive, completed a standardised questionnaire assessing sociodemographic characteristics, sexual practices, use of community health services and a priori acceptability of PrEP. Twenty-two indepth interviews and eight focus group discussions were also conducted to document FSWs’ risky practices and sexual behaviours, experiences with violence and discrimination, attitudes regarding HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and barriers to SRH services.Results Although 87% described consistent condom use with clients, more than 22% declared accepting condomless sexual intercourse for a large sum of money. Furthermore, condom use with their steady partner and knowledge of their partner’s HIV status were low despite their acknowledged concurrent sexual partnerships. While inconsistent condom use exposed FSWs to STIs and undesired pregnancies, the prevalence of contraceptive strategies other than condoms was low (39%) due to fear of contraception causing sterility. FSWs faced obstacles to accessing SRH care and preferred advice from their peers or self-medication.Conclusions Despite adoption of preventive behaviour in most cases, FSWs are still highly exposed to HIV. Furthermore, FSWs seem to face several barriers to accessing SRH. Implementing PrEP among FSWs in West Africa, such as in Côte d’Ivoire, constitutes an opportunity to consider the regular follow-up of HIV-negative FSWs. PrEP initiation should not condition access to SRH services; conversely, SRH services could be a way to attract FSWs into HIV prevention. Our results highlight the importance of developing a people-focused approach that integrates all SRH needs when transitioning from PrEP efficacy trials to implementation.

Published
2020
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20. Association of Plasma Soluble Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 and sCD14 With Mortality in HIV-1–Infected West African Adults With High CD4 Counts

Author

Affi, Roseline, Gabillard, Delphine, Dunyach-Remy, Catherine, Ntakpe, Jean-Baptiste, Moh, Raoul, Badje, Anani, Kouame, Gérard M., Karcher, Sophie, Le Carrou, Jérome, Danel, Christine, Chevalier, Mathieu F., Rouzioux, Christine, Eholie, Serge P., Lavigne, Jean-Philippe, Inwoley, Andre, Anglaret, Xavier, and Weiss, Laurence

Published
2021
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21. Effect of isoniazid preventive therapy on risk of death in west African, HIV-infected adults with high CD4 cell counts: long-term follow-up of the Temprano ANRS 12136 trial

Author

Badje, Anani, Moh, Raoul, Gabillard, Delphine, Guéhi, Calixte, Kabran, Mathieu, Ntakpé, Jean-Baptiste, Le Carrou, Jérôme, Kouame, Gérard-Menan, Ouattara, Eric, Messou, Eugène, Anzian, Amani, Minga, Albert, Gnokoro, Joachim, Gouesse, Patrice, Emieme, Arlette, Toni, Thomas-d'Aquin, Rabe, Cyprien, Sidibé, Baba, Nzunetu, Gustave, Dohoun, Lambert, Abo, Yao, Kamagate, Synali, Amon, Solange, Kouame, Amadou-Barenson, Koua, Aboli, Kouamé, Emmanuel, Daligou, Marcelle, Hawerlander, Denise, Ackoundzé, Simplice, Koule, Serge, Séri, Jonas, Ani, Alex, Dembélé, Fassery, Koné, Fatoumata, Oyebi, Mykayila, Mbakop, Nathalie, Makaila, Oyewole, Babatunde, Carolle, Babatunde, Nathaniel, Bleoué, Gisèle, Tchoutedjem, Mireille, Kouadio, Alain-Claude, Sena, Ghislaine, Yededji, Sahinou-Yediga, Karcher, Sophie, Rouzioux, Christine, Kouame, Abo, Assi, Rodrigue, Bakayoko, Alima, Domoua, Serge-K., Deschamps, Nina, Aka, Kakou, N'Dri-Yoman, Thérèse, Salamon, Roger, Journot, Valérie, Ahibo, Hughes, Ouassa, Timothée, Ménan, Hervé, Inwoley, André, Ndja, Ben-Ahoussi, Adou, Blandine, Kanga, Constance, Aoussi, Eba, Bissagnene, Emmanuel, Ba-Gomis, Olivier, Zike, Yves-Alain, Akakpo, Claude, Sassan-Morokro, Madeleine, Mobio, Max, Doféré, Bamba, Mesmin, Koman, Attia, Alain, Mahassadi, Alassane, Horo, Apollinaire, Oussou, Armel, Chaix, Marie-Laure, Peytavin, Gilles, Koné, Mariatou, N'Guessan, Kouamé, Fassassi, Raïmi, Niangoran, Serge, Desgrées-du-Loû, Annabel, Lert, France, Dray Spira, Rosemary, Jean, Kevin, Konan, Romuald, Bohoussou, Franck, Yao-Yapi, Cyril, N'guessan-Koffi, Larissa, Siloué, Bertine, Cissé, Adoulaye, Aboua, Adrienne, Konan, Sylvie, Kouamé, Antoine, N'Chot, Celestin, Amani, Elvis, Clouet, Gwenaëlle, Debono, Bruno, Chêne, Geneviève, Dosso, Mireille, Girard, Pierre-Marie, Jarlier, Vincent, Masumbuko, Jean-Marie, Perronne, Christian, Sow, Papa-Salif, Danel, Christine, Eholié, Serge-Paul, Anglaret, Xavier, Carrou, Jérôme Le, Kouame, Gérard M, Yao, Abo, Domoua, Serge K, Menan, Hervé, and Eholié, Serge P

Published
2017
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29. Virological failure and drug resistance in West African HIV-infected adults who started ART immediately or deferred ART initiation

Author

Gabillard, Delphine, N'Takpe, Jean-Baptiste, Chaix, Marie Laure, KOUAME, Menan Gerard, Moh, Raoul, Toni, Thomas D'Aquin, LE CARROU, Jerome, Karcher, Sophie, BADJE, Anani, Emieme, Arlette, MENAN, Herve, Danel, Christine, Anglaret, Xavier, Eholie, Serge Paul, TEMPRANO, Anrs Study Group, Bordeaux population health (BPH), and Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)

Subjects
[SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Asymptomatic HIV-infected people who start ART early may feel less motivated and neglect compliance. This might promote the emergence of resistance. METHODS: In the Temprano trial, ART-naive HIV-infected adults with high CD4 counts were randomly assigned to start ART immediately (immediate group) or defer ART until the WHO criteria were met (deferred group). All participants were monitored for 30 months. Those in the deferred group who started ART were monitored for longer, until they had completed 30 months on ART. We compared the rate of virological failure and drug resistance between the immediate and deferred groups 30 months after ART initiation. RESULTS: Of the 2056 participants in Temprano, 1033 were assigned to start ART immediately and 1023 to defer ART. Of the latter, 488 started ART during trial follow-up. Patients in the deferred group who started ART had a lower median CD4 count (280 versus 465 cells/mm3) and a higher median plasma HIV-1 RNA (5.1 versus 4.7 log10 copies/mL) at baseline. During follow-up, participants in both groups had similar antiretroviral drug exposure. Thirty months after ART initiation, patients in the deferred group had a higher rate of virological failure (35.3% versus 29.9%, P = 0.04) and a lower genotypic susceptibility score (P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: Starting ART early decreases the risk of virological failure and drug resistance in the medium term. This benefit is of particular importance in countries where access to viral load monitoring and the number of antiretroviral drug lines is limited.

Published
2021
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31. Plasma sVCAM‐1, antiretroviral therapy and mortality in HIV‐1‐infected West African adults.

Author

Affi, Roseline, Gabillard, Delphine, Kouame, Gérard Menan, Ntakpe, Jean Baptiste, Moh, Raoul, Badje, Anani, Danel, Christine, Inwoley, André, Eholié, Serge P., Anglaret, Xavier, and Weiss, Laurence

Subjects
HIV-positive persons, HIV infections, WEST Africans, CONFIDENCE intervals, VASCULAR cell adhesion molecule-1, MULTIVARIATE analysis, ANTIRETROVIRAL agents, RNA, RANDOMIZED controlled trials, SEX distribution, CD4 lymphocyte count, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, KAPLAN-Meier estimator, STATISTICAL sampling, PROPORTIONAL hazards models
Abstract

Objectives: We report the association between pre‐antiretroviral therapy (pre‐ART) soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule‐1 (sVCAM‐1) levels and long‐term mortality in HIV‐infected West African adults participating in a trial of early ART in West Africa (Temprano ANRS 12136 trial). Methods: The ART‐naïve HIV‐infected adults were randomly assigned to start ART immediately or defer ART until the WHO criteria were met. Participants who completed the trial follow‐up were invited to participate in a post‐trial phase (PTP). The PTP end‐point was all‐cause death. We used multivariable Cox proportional models to analyse the association between baseline sVCAM‐1 and all‐cause death, adjusting for ART strategy, sex, CD4 count, plasma HIV‐1 RNA and peripheral blood mononuclear cell HIV‐1 DNA levels. Results: In all, 954 adults (77% women, median CD4 count of 387 cells/μL) were randomly assigned to start ART immediately (n = 477) or to defer initiation of ART (n = 477). They were followed for a median of 5.8 years [interquartile range (IQR): 5.2–6.3]. In multivariable analysis, the risk of death was significantly associated with baseline sVCAM‐1 [≥1458 vs. < 1458 ng/mL; adjusted hazard ratio = 2.86, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.60–5.11]. The 6‐year probability of death rates were 14.4% (95%CI: 9.1–22.6) and 9.4% (5.4–16.1) in patients with baseline sVCAM‐1 ≥ 1458 ng/mL randomized to deferred and immediate ART, respectively, and 3.8% (2.2–6.5) and 3.5% (1.9–6.3) in patients with baseline sVCAM‐1 < 1458 ng/mL randomized to deferred and immediate ART. The median difference between pre‐ART and 12‐month sVCAM‐1 levels in patients randomized to immediate ART was −252 (IQR: −587 to −61). Conclusions: Pre‐ART sVCAM‐1 levels were significantly associated with mortality, independently of whether ART was started immediately or deferred, but they significantly decreased after 12 months of ART. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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32. Anthropometric and immunological success of antiretroviral therapy and prediction of virological success in west African adults/Succes sur les plans anthropometrique et immunologique du traitement antiretroviral et prediction de son succes virologique chez les adultes d'Afrique de I'Ouest/Eficacia antropometrica e inmunologica de la terapia antirretroviral y prediccion de la eficacia virologica en adultos de Africa occidental

Author

Messou, Eugene, Gabillard, Delphine, Moh, Raoul, Inwoley, Andre, Sorho, Souleymane, Eholie, Serge, Rouet, Francois, Seyler, Catherine, Danel, Christine, and Anglaret, Xavier

Subjects
Highly active antiretroviral therapy -- Research, Anti-HIV agents -- Usage, Anti-HIV agents -- Dosage and administration, Antiviral agents -- Usage, Antiviral agents -- Dosage and administration, HIV patients -- Prognosis, HIV patients -- Care and treatment
Abstract

Objective The 6 month assessment of the response to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a critical step. In sub-Saharan Africa, few people have access to plasma viral-load measurement. We assessed the gain or loss in body mass index (BMI), alone or in combination with the gain or loss in CD4+ T-cell count (CD4), as a tool for predicting the response to ART. Methods In a cohort of 622 adults in Abidjan, Cote d&apos;Ivoire, we calculated the sensitivity, specificity and predictive values of BMI and CD4 for treatment success defined as viral-load undetectability (< 300 copies/ml) as gold standard. Findings After 6 months of ART, the median change in BMI was an increase of 1.0 kg/[m.sup.2] (interquartile range, IQR: 0.0-2.1), the median change in CD4 an increase of 148/[micro]l (IQR: 54-230) and 84% of patients reached viral-load undetectability. The distribution of change in BMI was similar among patients who reached undetectability and those who dial not (increases of 1.06 kg/[m.sup.2] versus 0.99 kg/[m.sup.2], P = 0.51). With larger changes in BMI, the specificity for treatment success increased but its sensitivity decreased and its positive predictive value was stable around 85%. AII results remained similar when combining changes in BMI with those in CD4 and when stratifying by groups of baseline BMI or CD4. Conclusion In settings where viral-load measurement is not available, a high BMI gain does not reflect virological success, even when combined with a high CD4 gain. In our population, most patients with detectable viral-load had probably adhered to the drug regimen sufficiently to reach significant gains in body mass and CD4 count but had adhered insufficiently to reach viral suppression. Resume Objectif L&apos;evaluation sur 6 mois de la reponse au traitement antiretroviral (ART) est une etape critique. En Afrique subsaharienne, peu de personnes ont acces a la mesure de la charge virale plasmatique. Nous avons evalue le gain ou la perte d&apos;indice de masse corporelle (IMC), isolement ou en association avec le gain ou la perte de cellules T CD4+ (CD4), en tant qu&apos;outils pour predire la reponse au traitement ART. Methodes Parmi une cohorte de 622 adultes d&apos;Abidjan, en Cote d&apos;lvoire, nous avons calcule la sensibilite, la specificite et les valeurs predictives de I&apos;IMC et des CD4 pour le succes du traitement, defini comme l&apos;impossibilite de detecter une charge virale (< 300 copies/ml), a titre normatif. Resultats Apres 6 mois de traitement ART, on obtenait comme valeur mediane de la variation de I&apos;IMC une augmentation de 1,0 kg/[m.sup.2] (intervalle interquartile, IIQ : 0,0-2,1) et comme mediane de la variation des CD4 une augmentation de 148/pl (IIQ : 54-230), ainsi qu&apos;une indetectabilite de la charge virale chez 84 % des patients. La distribution de la variation de I&apos;IMC etait similaire chez les patients ayant atteint I&apos;indetectabilite et chez ceux ne I&apos;ayant pas atteint (augmentation de 1,06 kg/[m.sup.2] au lieu de 0,99 kg/[m.sup.2], p < 0,51). Lorsque la variation de I&apos;IMC augmente, sa specificite a I&apos;egard du succes therapeutique diminue et sa valeur predictive positive reste stable autour de 85 %. Les resultats ne varient guere Iorsqu&apos;on combine les variations de I&apos;IMC, dans leur ensemble, et celles des CD4 et qu&apos;on opere une stratification par groupes d&apos;IMC ou de CD4 de depart. Conclusion Dans les situations ou I&apos;on ne dispose pas de mesure de la charge virale, un fort gain d&apos;IMC n&apos;implique pas un succes virologique, meme s&apos;il s&apos;accompagne d&apos;une importante elevation des CD4. Dans la population etudiee, la plupart des patients presentant une charge virale detectable avaient probablement respecte assez longtemps le schema therapeutique pour beneficier d&apos;augmentations notables de la masse corporelle et de la numeration des CD4, mais pas suffisamment pour atteindre la suppression virale. Resumen Objetivo La evaluacion a los 6 meses de la respuesta a la terapia antirretroviral (TAR) es una medida esencial, pero en el Africa subsahariana son muy pocas las personas con acceso a analisis de la carga viral en plasma. Evaluamos el aumento o disminucion del indice de masa corporal (IMC), aisladamente o en combinacion con el aumento o disminucion del recuento de linfocitos T CD4+ (CD4), como estrategia para predecir la respuesta a la TAR. Metodos En una cohorte de 622 adultos de Abidjan, Cote d&apos;lvoire, calculamos la sensibilidad, la especificidad y los valores predictivos del IMC y los niveles de CD4 como indicadores de la eficacia terapeutica, definida como una carga viral indetectable (< 300 copias/ml). Resultados A los 6 meses de iniciada la TAR, el IMC mediano habia aumentado en 1,0 kg/[m.sup.2] (intervalo intercuartilico, IIC: 0,0-2,1) y el nivel mediano de CD4, en 148/[micro]l (IIC: 54-230), y la carga viral habia pasado a ser indetectable en un 84% de los pacientes. La distribucion de la variacion del IMC fue similar en los pacientes que alcanzaron niveles indetectables y en los demas (aumento de 1,06 kg/[m.sup.2] frente a 0,99 kg/[m.sup.2], p = 0,51). Conforme aumentaba la variacion del IMC, la especificidad respecto de la eficacia terapeutica aumentaba, pero su sensibilidad disminuia, y su valor predictivo positivo se mantenia estable, en torno al 85%. Se obtenian siempre resultados similares al combinar distintos cambios del IMC y del recuento de CD4, asi como al estratificar los grupos en funcion de los valores basales de IMC o CD4. Conclusion En los entornos donde no es posible medir la carga viral, un gran aumento del IMC no refleja la eficacia virologica, aun cuando se combine con un incremento importante de los niveles de CD4. En la poblacion aqui estudiada, la mayoria de los pacientes con carga viral detectable probablemente habian seguido el tratamiento en la medida suficiente para conseguir aumentos importantes de la masa corporal y del recuento de CD4, pero no en la medida necesaria para lograr la supresion viral. [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.], Introduction International guidelines recommend that plasma viral load undetectability should be reached within the first 6 months of antiretroviral therapy (ART). (1) In patients with plasma viral load still detectable [...]

Published
2008

33. Mortality in relation to hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection status among HIV-HBV coinfected patients in sub-Saharan Africa after immediate initiation of antiretroviral therapy Running head: HBV profiles and mortality in HIV

Author

Kouamé, Gérard Menan, Mohareb, Amir, Gabassi, Audrey, Gabillard, Delphine, Moh, Raoul, Badjé, Anani, Emiene, Arlette, Maylin, Sarah, Menam, Herve, Hyle, Emily, Delaugerre, Constance, Danel, Christine, Anglaret, Xavier, Lacombe, Karine, Eholié, Serge, Boyd, Anders, Infectious diseases in lower-income countries [Bordeaux] (IDLIC), Bordeaux population health (BPH), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), Laboratoire de Virologie [CHU Saint-Louis], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), This work was supported by the Agence Nationale de Rercheches sur le SIDA et les hépatites virales (ANRS), Paris, France.GMK also received doctoral funding from the ANRS. AMM received funding from National Institutes of Health NIAID T32AI007433and NIAID R37AI058736.EPH received funding from National Institutes of Health NHLBIK01HL123349., Gestionnaire, HAL Sorbonne Université 5, and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)

Subjects
Hepatitis B virus, Sub‐Saharan Africa, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, virus diseases, HIV, CD4+ cell count, Mortality, digestive system diseases
Abstract

International audience; It is unknown how past and active hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection affect immunorecovery and mortality in people with HIV who initiate tenofovir‐based antiretroviral therapy (ART). Using data collected between 2008 and 2015, we studied people with HIV in sub‐Saharan Africa initiating immediate ART in the Temprano randomized control trial. We classified participants into HBV groups at ART initiation: hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)‐positive with HBV DNA ≥ 2,000 IU/ml; HBsAg‐positive with HBV DNA < 2,000 IU/ml; isolated HBcAb‐positive; resolved infection (HBsAb‐positive/HBcAb‐positive); and HBV non‐immune/vaccinated (HBcAb‐negative). We compared square‐root CD4‐cell count increases using mixed‐effect, non‐linear regression adjusted for age, sex, baseline CD4 cell count, and HIV RNA. We compared all‐cause mortality using Bayesian parametric survival regression. Among 879 participants, 24 (2.7%) had HBsAg with high HBV DNA, 76 (8.6%) HBsAg with low HBV DNA, 325 (37.0%) isolated anti‐HBcAb, 226 (25.7%) resolved HBV infection and 228 (25.9%) HBV non‐immune/vaccinated. We found no significant difference in CD4 cell increases between HBV‐infection groups after adjustment (p = 0.16). Participants with HBsAg and high HBV DNA had the highest incidence of all‐cause mortality (1.9/100 person‐years, 95% Credibile Interval [CrI] = 1.0–3.4). By comparison, incidence rates of mortality were reduced by 57% (95%CrI = −79%, −13%), 60% (95%CrI = −82%, −12%) and 66% (95%CrI = −84%, −23%) in those who had isolated anti‐HBcAb‐positive, resolved HBV infection and HBV non‐immune/vaccinated, respectively. In conclusion, individuals with HIV and past HBV infection or isolated anti‐HBcAb‐positive serology, much like HBV non‐immune/vaccinated, experience lower mortality than those with HBsAg and high HBV DNA. Additional HBV‐related management would not be necessary for these individuals.

Published
2020
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34. Décrire, analyser et comprendre les effets de l’introduction de l’autodépistage du VIH en Afrique de l’Ouest à travers l’exemple du programme ATLAS en Côte d’Ivoire, au Mali et au Sénégal: Protocole de Recherche · Version 3.0 du 8 octobre 2020

Author

Larmarange, Joseph, Rouveau, Nicolas, Boily, Marie-Claude, Desclaux, Alice, Pourette, Dolorès, Abdelaye, Keita, Badiane, Kéba, Bayac, Céline, Bekelynck, Anne, Boye, Sokhna, Breton, Guillaume, Desgrées du Loû, Annabel, d’Elbée, Marc, Doumenc-Aïdara, Clémence, Jean, Kévin, Kouassi Kra, Arsène, Ky-Zerbo, Odette, Maheu-Giroux, Mathieu, Moh, Raoul, Moussa Diop, Papa, Paltiel, David, Eboi, Ehui, Ndour Cheikh, Tidiane, Silhol, Romain, Simo Fotso, Arlette, Terris-Prestholt, Fern, Traore Métogara, Mohamed, Vautier, Anthony, Santé, vulnérabilités et relations de genre au sud (SAGESUD - ERL Inserm U1244), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre population et développement (CEPED - UMR_D 196), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre population et développement (CEPED - UMR_D 196), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Imperial College London, Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses endémiques et émergentes (TransVIHMI), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Yaoundé I-Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Institut National de Recherche en Santé Publique [Bamako] (INRSP), Solidarité thérapeutique & initiatives contre le sida (SOLTHIS), Programme PAC-CI, ANRS France Recherche Nord & sud Sida-hiv hépatites, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), Centre d'enseignement Cnam Paris (CNAM Paris), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM), Laboratoire Modélisation, épidémiologie et surveillance des risques sanitaires (MESuRS), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Yale University [New Haven], Programme National de Lutte contre le Sida [Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire] (PNLS), Division de Lutte contre le Sida et les IST (DLSI), Ministère de la Santé et de la Prévention, Unitaid ATLAS, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, and ATLAS (Unitaid)

Subjects
[SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, [SHS.ANTHRO-SE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Social Anthropology and ethnology, [SHS.DEMO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Demography, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation
Abstract

Research component of the ATLAS programmeThe ATLAS programme (2019-2021) aims to promote and deploy HIV self-testing (HIVST) in Côte d'Ivoire, Mali and Senegal and to distribute half a million HIVST through various delivery channels, targeting in particular key populations (sex workers, men who have sex with men, drug users), partners of people living with HIV (PLHIV) and patients with sexually transmitted infections. The dispensation of HIVST will be carried out in routine care, through the three countries' national AIDS strategies and in an integrated manner with existing screening policies, through eight delivery channels combining fixed and advanced strategies, primary distribution and secondary distribution. The research component presented here includes a set of observational surveys to describe, analyze and understand the social, health, epidemiological and economic effects of the introduction of HIVST in Côte d'Ivoire, Mali and Senegal to improve testing offer (accessibility, effectiveness and ethics). It is organized into 5 work packages: (i) a qualitative survey on HIVST targeted key populations, based on qualitative individual and group interviews with key implementers, members of key population communities and HIVST users; (ii) an ethnography on the integration of HIVST for screening of PLHIV’s partners in three HIV care clinics and an exploratory sub-survey on HIVST distribution in STI consultations; (iii) an anonymous telephone survey of HIVST users recruited through an invitation on HIVST kits to call a toll-free number; (iv) an economic survey of HIVST incremental costs with cost collections from a sample of HIVST dispensing sites and a time and motion study; (v) an epidemiological modelling (dynamic compartmental model) of the three countries and of the health and economic impacts of different scaling scenarios.; Volet recherche du programme ATLASLe programme ATLAS (2019-2021) vise à promouvoir et à déployer l’autodépistage du VIH (ADVIH) en Côte d’Ivoire, au Mali et au Sénégal et prévoit la distribution d’un demi millions d’autotests à travers différents canaux de dispensation, visant en particulier les populations clés (travailleuses du sexe, hommes ayant des rapports sexuels avec des hommes, usager·e·s de drogues), les partenaires des personnes vivant avec le VIH (PvVIH) et les patient·e·s atteint·e·s d’une infection sexuellement transmissible. La dispensation des kits d’ADVIH sera réalisée en soins courants, dans le cadre des stratégies nationales de lutte contre le sida des trois pays et de manière intégrée aux politiques de dépistage déjà en place, à travers huit canaux de dispensation combinant des stratégies fixes et des stratégies avancées, une distribution primaire et une distribution secondaire. Le volet recherche présenté ici comporte un ensemble d’enquêtes observationnelles visant à décrire, analyser et comprendre les effets sociaux, sanitaires, épidémiologiques et économiques de l’introduction de l’autodépistage du VIH en Côte d’Ivoire, au Mali et au Sénégal pour améliorer l’offre de dépistage (accessibilité, efficacité et éthique). Il est organisé en 5 paquets d’activités : (i) une enquête qualitative sur l’ADVIH auprès des populations clés reposant sur des entretiens qualitatifs individuels et de groupes auprès d’acteurs clés de la mise en œuvre, de membres des communautés de populations clés et d’utilisatrices et utilisateurs de l’ADVIH ; (ii) une ethnographie portant sur l’intégration de l’ADVIH pour le dépistage des partenaires de PvVIH dans trois sites de prise en charge du VIH et une sous enquête exploratoire portant sur la diffusion de l’ADVIH à travers les consultations IST ; (iii) une enquête téléphonique anonyme auprès des utilisatrices et utilisateurs de l’ADVIH recruté·e·s via une invitation à appeler un numéro vert apposée sur les kits d’ADVIH distribués ; (iv) une enquête économique des coûts incrémentiels de l’ADVIH avec une collecte des coûts auprès d’un échantillon de sites de dispensation de l’ADVIH et une étude des temps et mouvements ; (v) une modélisation épidémiologique (modèle compartimental dynamique) des trois pays et des impacts sanitaires et économiques de différents scénarios de passage à l’échelle.

Published
2020

35. Aspects diagnostiques et cliniques de la tuberculose infantile : à propos de 94 cas colligés en milieu hospitalier à Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire, de 2015 à 2017 Raoul

Author

Moh, Raoul, Tokou, Armand, Gro Bi, André Marius, Aholi, Jean Michel, Kassi, Alain, Badje, Anani, Cisse, Lassina, and Folquet, Madeleine

Subjects
Tuberculose, enfant, diagnostic, Afrique, Tuberculosis, child, diagnosis, Africa
Abstract

La tuberculose infantile (TBI) reste largement sous notifiée. La principale raison de la sous-notification est la difficulté diagnostique. Le diagnostic précoce et la prise en charge de la TBI demeurent donc un défi constant à relever. Il s’est agi d’une étude rétrospective portant sur les données issues des dossiers de 94 enfants de 0 à 14 ans diagnostiqués pour une tuberculose du 1er janvier 2015 au 31 décembre 2017 dans deux centres hospitaliers et universitaires d’Abidjan. Ainsi, la tranche d’âge de 0 à 4 ans était la plus représentée. La localisation pulmonaire était prédominante (71 %). Seulement 32 % des enfants ont été diagnostiqués bactériologiquement en ayant recours à la microscopie (87%) et au tubage gastrique (50 %). Le gène Xpert n’a été utilisé que 11 fois et a décelé 2 cas de résistance. La radiographie pulmonaire a été réalisée chez 87 enfants avec 91% d’anomalies observées. La co-infection TB/VIH était de 24 %. A l’issue de la prise en charge, 71 % ont été adressés dans un centre spécialisé pour la poursuite de leur traitement, 16 % sont décédés et 8,5 % étaient perdus de vue. Le diagnostic de la TBI demeure donc complexe. La vulgarisation des techniques moléculaires peut en améliorer le diagnostic.Mots-clés: Tuberculose, enfant, diagnostic, AfriqueEnglish Title: Diagnostic and clinical aspects of childhood tuberculosis: about 94 cases collected in hospitals in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire, from 2015 to 2017English AbstractBackground Childhood TB (CTB) remains massively underreported. The main reason for underreporting is the difficulties with diagnosis. Early diagnosis and management of CTB thus remain a constant challenge to overcome. This was a retrospective chart review study of 94 children aged 0 to 14 diagnosed with Tuberculosis, conducted from 1st January 2015 to 31st December 2017 in 2 university hospitals. For the 94 records collected, the age group from 0 to 4 years was the most represented. The pulmonary localisation was predominant (71%). Only 32% of children were bacteriologically confirmed using microscopy (87%) and gastric aspiration (50%). The GeneXpert was used only 11 times and detected 2 resistance cases. Chest X-ray was performed in 87 children with 91% anomalies observed. The TB/HIV coinfection rate was 24%. At the completion of the treatment and care, 71% were referred to a specialized clinic for the continuation of their treatment and care, 16% died and 8.5% were lost to follow-up. Diagnosis of CTB remains challenging. The popularization of molecular techniques may improve its diagnosis.Keywords: Tuberculosis, child, diagnosis, Africa

Published
2020

36. CD4-guided structured antiretroviral treatment interruption strategy in HIV-infected adults in west Africa (Trivacan ANRS 1269 trial): a randomised trial

Author

Danel, Christine, Moh, Raoul, Minga, Albert, Anzian, Amani, Ba-Gomis, Olivier, Kanga, Constance, Nzunetu, Gustave, Gabillard, Delphine, Rouet, Francois, Sorho, Souleymane, Chaix, Marie-Laure, Eholie, Serge, Menan, Herve, Sauvageot, Delphine, Bissagnene, Emmanuel, Salamon, Roger, and Anglaret, Xavier

Subjects
HIV infection -- Drug therapy, Highly active antiretroviral therapy -- Health aspects
Published
2006

37. Tolerance and acceptability of an efavirenz-based regimen in 740 adults (predominantly women) in West Africa

Author

Danel, Christine, Moh, Raoul, Anzian, Amani, Yao Abo, Chenal, Henri, Sorho, Souleymane, Guehi, Calixte, Gabillard, Delphine, Rouet, Francois, Eholie, Serge, and Anglaret, Xavier

Subjects
Drug tolerance -- Research, Highly active antiretroviral therapy -- Health aspects, Women -- Health aspects, Health
Abstract

The 6-month efficacy and tolerance of an efavirenz-containing highly active antiretroviral therapy regimen in a large cohort of HIV-1-infected adults is presented. Considering the very high hepatic and cutaneous tolerance, efavirenz could be considered as a valuable first-line drug for women of childbearing age who agree to use contraception in sub-Saharan Africa, provided that the risk of teratogenicity should be closely monitored.

Published
2006

40. Elite and viremic HIV-1 controllers in West Africa.

Author

N'takpé, Jean Baptiste, Gabillard, Delphine, Moh, Raoul, Gardiennet, Elise, Toni, Thomas-d'Aquin, Kouame, Gérard M., Badje, Anani, Emieme, Arlette, Karcher, Sophie, Le Carrou, Jérome, Ménan, Hervé, Danel, Christine, Eholie, Serge P., Rouzioux, Christine, Anglaret, Xavier, and Lambotte, Olivier

Published
2022
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42. Experimental Treatment with Favipiravir for Ebola Virus Disease (the JIKI Trial): A Historically Controlled, Single-Arm Proof-of-Concept Trial in Guinea

Author

Sissoko, Daouda, Laouenan, Cedric, Folkesson, Elin, M'Lebing, Abdoul-Bing, Beavogui, Abdoul-Habib, Baize, Sylvain, Camara, Alseny-Modet, Maes, Piet, Shepherd, Susan, Danel, Christine, Carazo, Sara, Conde, Mamoudou N., Gala, Jean-Luc, Colin, Géraldine, Savini, Hélène, Bore, Joseph Akoi, Le Marcis, Frederic, Koundouno, Fara Raymond, Petitjean, Frédéric, Lamah, Marie-Claire, Diederich, Sandra, Tounkara, Alexis, Poelart, Geertrui, Berbain, Emmanuel, Dindart, Jean-Michel, Duraffour, Sophie, Lefevre, Annabelle, Leno, Tamba, Peyrouset, Olivier, Irenge, Léonid, Bangoura, N'Famara, Palich, Romain, Hinzmann, Julia, Kraus, Annette, Barry, Thierno Sadou, Berette, Sakoba, Bongono, André, Camara, Mohamed Seto, Chanfreau Munoz, Valérie, Doumbouya, Lanciné, Souley Harouna, Kighoma, Patient Mumbere, Koundouno, Fara Roger, Réné Lolamou, Loua, Cécé Moriba, Massala, Vincent, Moumouni, Kinda, Provost, Célia, Samake, Nenefing, Sekou, Conde, Soumah, Abdoulaye, Arnould, Isabelle, Komano, Michel Saa, Gustin, Lina, Berutto, Carlotta, Camara, Diarra, Camara, Fodé Saydou, Colpaert, Joliene, Delamou, Léontine, Jansson, Lena, Kourouma, Etienne, Loua, Maurice, Malme, Kristian, Manfrin, Emma, Maomou, André, Milinouno, Adele, Ombelet, Sien, Sidiboun, Aboubacar Youla, Verreckt, Isabelle, Yombouno, Pauline, Bocquin, Anne, Carbonnelle, Caroline, Carmoi, Thierry, Frange, Pierre, Mely, Stéphane, Nguyen, Vinh-Kim, Pannetier, Delphine, Taburet, Anne-Marie, Treluyer, Jean-Marc, Kolie, Jacques, Moh, Raoul, Gonzalez, Minerva Cervantes, Kuisma, Eeva, Liedigk, Britta, Ngabo, Didier, Rudolf, Martin, Thom, Ruth, Kerber, Romy, Gabriel, Martin, Di Caro, Antonino, Wölfel, Roman, Badir, Jamal, Bentahir, Mostafa, Deccache, Yann, Dumont, Catherine, Durant, Jean-François, El Bakkouri, Karim, Gasasira Uwamahoro, Marie, Smits, Benjamin, Toufik, Nora, Van Cauwenberghe, Stéphane, Ezzedine, Khaled, Dortenzio, Eric, Pizarro, Louis, Etienne, Aurélie, Guedj, Jérémie, Fizet, Alexandra, Barte de Sainte Fare, Eric, Murgue, Bernadette, Tran-Minh, Tuan, Rapp, Christophe, Piguet, Pascal, Poncin, Marc, Draguez, Bertrand, Allaford Duverger, Thierry, Barbe, Solenne, Baret, Guillaume, Defourny, Isabelle, Carroll, Miles, Raoul, Hervé, Augier, Augustin, Eholie, Serge P., Yazdanpanah, Yazdan, Levy-Marchal, Claire, Antierrens, Annick, Van Herp, Michel, Günther, Stephan, de Lamballerie, Xavier, Keïta, Sakoba, Mentre, France, Anglaret, Xavier, and Malvy, Denis

Subjects
Ebola hemorrhagic fever -- Drug therapy, Antiviral agents -- Patient outcomes, Biological sciences
Abstract

Background Ebola virus disease (EVD) is a highly lethal condition for which no specific treatment has proven efficacy. In September 2014, while the Ebola outbreak was at its peak, the World Health Organization released a short list of drugs suitable for EVD research. Favipiravir, an antiviral developed for the treatment of severe influenza, was one of these. In late 2014, the conditions for starting a randomized Ebola trial were not fulfilled for two reasons. One was the perception that, given the high number of patients presenting simultaneously and the very high mortality rate of the disease, it was ethically unacceptable to allocate patients from within the same family or village to receive or not receive an experimental drug, using a randomization process impossible to understand by very sick patients. The other was that, in the context of rumors and distrust of Ebola treatment centers, using a randomized design at the outset might lead even more patients to refuse to seek care. Therefore, we chose to conduct a multicenter non-randomized trial, in which all patients would receive favipiravir along with standardized care. The objectives of the trial were to test the feasibility and acceptability of an emergency trial in the context of a large Ebola outbreak, and to collect data on the safety and effectiveness of favipiravir in reducing mortality and viral load in patients with EVD. The trial was not aimed at directly informing future guidelines on Ebola treatment but at quickly gathering standardized preliminary data to optimize the design of future studies. Methods and Findings Inclusion criteria were positive Ebola virus reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) test, age [greater than or equal to] 1 y, weight [greater than or equal to] 10 kg, ability to take oral drugs, and informed consent. All participants received oral favipiravir (day 0: 6,000 mg; day 1 to day 9: 2,400 mg/d). Semi-quantitative Ebola virus RT-PCR (results expressed in 'cycle threshold' [Ct]) and biochemistry tests were performed at day 0, day 2, day 4, end of symptoms, day 14, and day 30. Frozen samples were shipped to a reference biosafety level 4 laboratory for RNA viral load measurement using a quantitative reference technique (genome copies/milliliter). Outcomes were mortality, viral load evolution, and adverse events. The analysis was stratified by age and Ct value. A 'target value' of mortality was defined a priori for each stratum, to guide the interpretation of interim and final analysis. Between 17 December 2014 and 8 April 2015, 126 patients were included, of whom 111 were analyzed (adults and adolescents, [greater than or equal to]13 y, n = 99; young children, [less than or equal to]6 y, n = 12). Here we present the results obtained in the 99 adults and adolescents. Of these, 55 had a baseline Ct value [greater than or equal to] 20 (Group A Ct [greater than or equal to] 20), and 44 had a baseline Ct value < 20 (Group A Ct < 20). Ct values and RNA viral loads were well correlated, with Ct = 20 corresponding to RNA viral load = 7.7 log.sub.10 genome copies/ml. Mortality was 20% (95% CI 11.6%-32.4%) in Group A Ct [greater than or equal to] 20 and 91% (95% CI 78.8%-91.1%) in Group A Ct < 20. Both mortality 95% CIs included the predefined target value (30% and 85%, respectively). Baseline serum creatinine was [greater than or equal to]110 [mu]mol/l in 48% of patients in Group A Ct [greater than or equal to] 20 ([greater than or equal to]300 [mu]mol/l in 14%) and in 90% of patients in Group A Ct < 20 ([greater than or equal to]300 [mu]mol/l in 44%). In Group A Ct [greater than or equal to] 20, 17% of patients with baseline creatinine [greater than or equal to]110 [mu]mol/l died, versus 97% in Group A Ct < 20. In patients who survived, the mean decrease in viral load was 0.33 log.sub.10 copies/ml per day of follow-up. RNA viral load values and mortality were not significantly different between adults starting favipiravir within Conclusions In the context of an outbreak at its peak, with crowded care centers, randomizing patients to receive either standard care or standard care plus an experimental drug was not felt to be appropriate. We did a non-randomized trial. This trial reaches nuanced conclusions. On the one hand, we do not conclude on the efficacy of the drug, and our conclusions on tolerance, although encouraging, are not as firm as they could have been if we had used randomization. On the other hand, we learned about how to quickly set up and run an Ebola trial, in close relationship with the community and non-governmental organizations; we integrated research into care so that it improved care; and we generated knowledge on EVD that is useful to further research. Our data illustrate the frequency of renal dysfunction and the powerful prognostic value of low Ct values. They suggest that drug trials in EVD should systematically stratify analyses by baseline Ct value, as a surrogate of viral load. They also suggest that favipiravir monotherapy merits further study in patients with medium to high viremia, but not in those with very high viremia. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02329054, Author(s): Daouda Sissoko 1,2, Cedric Laouenan 3,4, Elin Folkesson 5, Abdoul-Bing M'Lebing 6, Abdoul-Habib Beavogui 7, Sylvain Baize 8,9, Alseny-Modet Camara 5, Piet Maes 10,11, Susan Shepherd 6, Christine Danel [...]

Published
2016
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43. Effect of hepatitis B virus (HBV) S-gene variability on markers of replication during treated HIV-HBV infection in Western Africa

Author

Boyd, Anders, Moh, Raoul, Maylin, Sarah, Chekaraou, Mariama, Mahjoub, Nadia, Gabillard, Delphine, Anglaret, Xavier, Paul Eholié, Serge, Danel, Christine, Delaugerre, Constance, Zoulim, Fabien, Lacombe, Karine, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Treichville [Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire] (CHU de Treichville), Programme PAC-CI, ANRS France Recherche Nord & sud Sida-hiv hépatites, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny (UFHB), Laboratoire de Virologie [CHU Saint-Louis], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (UNICANCER/CRCL), Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon]-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Bordeaux population health (BPH), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Santé Publique, d'Epidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2, Génétique et Ecologie des Virus, Génétique des Virus et Pathogénèse des Maladies Virales, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Services des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales [CHU Saint-Antoine], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Gestionnaire, Hal Sorbonne Université, Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)

Subjects
[SDV.MP.VIR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, hepatitis B surface antigen, immunosuppression, surface gene, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, genetic variability, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases
Abstract

International audience; BACKGROUND & AIMS: Replication markers exhibit substantial variation during chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, part of which can be explained by mutations on the surface (S) gene. We aimed to identify S-gene mutations possibly influencing the quantification of HBV replication markers (MUPIQH) in HBV genotype E infection, common to Western Africa.METHODS: Seventy-three antiretroviral treatment (ART)-naïve human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-HBV co-infected patients from Côte d'Ivoire, initiating anti-HBV-containing ART, had available HBV S-gene sequences. S-gene MUPIQHs were screened at ART initiation based on lower HBV-DNA or HBsAg quantification (qHBsAg) compared to wildtype. Their association with HBV virological response and qHBsAg slope during treatment was evaluated.RESULTS: Genotype E was predominant (95.9%). At ART initiation, median HBV-DNA was 7.27 log10 copies/mL (IQR = 5.26-8.33) and qHBsAg 4.08 log10 IU/mL (IQR = 3.49-4.61). Twelve S-gene MUPIQHs were identified among 21 patients (28.8%): sS140L (n = 4), sD144A (n = 1), sS167L (n = 2), sS174N (n = 6), sP178Q (n = 2), sG185L (n = 2), sW191L (n = 2), sP203Q/R (n = 2), sS204N/I/R/K/T/G (n = 7), sN207T (n = 2), sF212C (n = 1) and sV224A/Y (n = 7). MUPIQHs at positions s185+s191+s224 and s178+s204 were within highly covarying networks of S-gene mutations. Older age (P = 0.02), elevated transaminases (P = 0.03) and anti-hepatitis B "e" antibody-positive serology (P = 0.009) were significantly associated with prevalent MUPIQHs at ART initiation. During treatment, baseline MUPIQHs were not associated with time-to-undetectable HBV-DNA (P = 0.7) and qHBsAg levels decreased at similar rates between those with vs without MUPIQHs (P = 0.5).CONCLUSION: Several novel S-gene mutations were associated with reductions in replication markers among West African co-infected patients. These mutations, however, do not affect response during antiviral treatment. Their diagnostic and clinical consequences need clarification.

Published
2019
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46. Cervical cancer screening by visual inspection in Côte d'Ivoire, operational and clinical aspects according to HIV status

Author

Horo Apollinaire, Jaquet Antoine, Ekouevi Didier K, Toure Badian, Coffie Patrick A, Effi Benjamin, Messou Eugene, Minga Albert, Moh Raoul, Kone Mamourou, Dabis François, and Sasco Annie J

Subjects
Cervical cancer, Screening, Visual inspection, HIV/AIDS, Africa, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Abstract Background Cervical cancer screening is not yet standard of care of women attending HIV care clinics in Africa and presents operational challenges that need to be addressed. Methods A cervical cancer screening program based on visual inspection methods was conducted in clinics providing antiretroviral treatment (ART) in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. An itinerant team of midwives was in charge of proposing cervical cancer screening to all HIV-positive women enrolled in ART clinics as well as to HIV-negative women who were attending the Abidjan national blood donor clinic. Positively screened women were systematically referred to a colposcopic examination. A phone-based tracking procedure was implemented to reach positively screened women who did not attend the medical consultation. The association between HIV status and cervical cancer screening outcomes was estimated using a multivariate logistic model. Results The frequency of positive visual inspection was 9.0% (95% CI 8.0-10.0) in the 2,998 HIV-positive women and 3.9% (95% CI 2.7-5.1) in the 1,047 HIV-negative ones (p < 10-4). In multivariate analysis, HIV infection was associated with a higher risk of positive visual inspection [OR = 2.28 (95% CI 1.61-3.23)] as well as more extensive lesions involving the endocervical canal [OR = 2.42 (95% CI 1.15-5.08)]. The use of a phone-based tracking procedure enabled a significant reduction of women not attending medical consultation after initial positive screening from 36.5% to 19.8% (p < 10-4). Conclusion The higher frequency of positive visual inspection among HIV-positive women supports the need to extend cervical cancer screening program to all HIV clinics in West Africa. Women loss to follow-up after being positively screened is a major concern in cervical screening programs but yet, partly amenable to a phone tracking procedure.

Published
2012
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47. Clin Infect Dis

Author

KOUAME, Menan Gerard, BOYD, A., MOH, Raoul, EHOLIE, Serge Paul, DANEL, Christine, LACOMBE, K., ANGLARET, Xavier, Bordeaux population health (BPH), and Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)

Subjects
IDLIC, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie
Published
2018
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48. Higher Mortality Despite Early Antiretroviral Therapy in Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)-Coinfected Patients With High HBV Replication

Author

KOUAME, Menan Gerard, Boyd, A., Moh, Raoul, Badje, Anani dodzi, Gabillard, Delphine, OUATTARA, Eric, N'Takpe, Jean-Baptiste, EMIEME, A., Maylin, S., CHEKARAOU, M. A., Eholie, Serge Paul, Zoulim, F., Lacombe, K., Anglaret, Xavier, Danel, Christine, Bordeaux population health (BPH), and Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)

Subjects
IDLIC, virus diseases, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, PACCI
Abstract

Background: In HIV-infected patients, hepatitis B virus (HBV)-coinfection increases the risk of disease progression. Tenofovir+emtricitabine/lamivudine (TDF/XTC)-based antiretroviral therapy (ART), which suppresses HIV and HBV replication, has the potential for decreasing this risk. Here, we analyze the association between HBV replication, early-ART, and mortality in West-African adults. Methods: The Temprano randomized-control trial assessed the benefits of immediately initiating versus deferring ART in HIV-infected adults with high CD4 counts. After trial completion, participants continued follow-up in a post-trial phase. We analyzed the association between HBV-status, immediate-ART, and mortality over the entire trial and post-trial follow-up using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression. Results: 2052 HIV-infected adults (median baseline CD4=464/mm3) were followed for 9394 person-years. At baseline, 1862 (91%) were HIV-monoinfected and 190 (9%) HIV-HBV-coinfected. Of the latter, 135 (71%) had plasma HBV-DNA /=2000 IU/ml. The 60-month probability of death was 11.8% (95%CI=5.4-24.5) in coinfected patients with HBV-DNA >/=2000 IU/ml, 4.4% (95%CI=1.9-10.4) in coinfected patients with HBV-DNA /=2000 IU/ml and 0.90 (95%CI=0.36-2.24) in coinfected patients with HBV-DNA

Published
2018
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49. Precore G1896A mutation is associated with reduced rates of HBsAg-seroclearance in treated HIV-hepatitis B virus co-infected patients from Western Africa Running title: Precore G1896A mutations in SSA

Author

Boyd, Anders, Moh, Raoul, Maylin, Sarah, Chekaraou, Mariama, Mahjoub, Nadia, Gabillard, Delphine, Anglaret, Xavier, Paul Eholié, Serge, Delaugerre, Constance, Danel, Christine, Zoulim, Fabien, Lacombe, Karine, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Programme PAC-CI, ANRS France Recherche Nord & sud Sida-hiv hépatites, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny (UFHB), Laboratoire de Virologie [CHU Saint-Louis], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (UNICANCER/CRCL), Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon]-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Santé Publique, d'Epidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2, Bordeaux population health (BPH), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Génétique et Ecologie des Virus, Génétique des Virus et Pathogénèse des Maladies Virales, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Services des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales [CHU Saint-Antoine], CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)

Subjects
immunosuppression, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, genetic variability, antiviral treatment, virus diseases, basal core promotor, [SDV.MHEP.HEG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hépatology and Gastroenterology, precore, digestive system diseases
Abstract

International audience; The nucleotide substitution G1896A on the precore (pc) region has been implicated in virological and serological responses during treatment in hepatitis B virus (HBV)‐infected patients. Whether this mutation affects the therapeutic course of HIV‐HBV co‐infected patients, especially from Western Africa, is unknown. In this prospective cohort study, 86 antiretroviral (ARV)‐naïve HIV‐HBV co‐infected patients from Côte d'Ivoire, initiating ARV‐treatment containing lamivudine (n = 53) or tenofovir (n = 33), had available baseline pc sequences. Association of the pcG1896A mutation with time to undetectable HBV‐DNA, hepatitis B “e” antigen (HBeAg) seroclearance (in HBeAg‐positive patients), and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) seroclearance was evaluated using Cox proportional hazards regression. At ARV‐initiation, median HBV‐DNA was 6.04 log10 copies/mL (IQR = 3.70‐7.93) with 97.7% harbouring HBV genotype E. Baseline pcG1896A mutation was identified in 51 (59.3%) patients, who were more commonly HBeAg‐negative (P < .001) and had basal core promotor A1762T/G1764A mutations (P < .001). Patients were followed for a median 36 months (IQR = 24‐36). Cumulative proportion of undetectable HBV‐DNA was significantly higher in patients with baseline mutation (pcG1896A = 86.6% vs no pcG1896A = 66.9%, P = .04), but not after adjusting for baseline HBV‐DNA levels and anti‐HBV agent (P = .2). No difference in cumulative proportion of HBeAg seroclearance was observed between mutation groups (pcG1896A = 57.1% vs no pcG1896A = 54.3%, P = .7). Significantly higher cumulative proportion of HBsAg seroclearance was observed in patients without this mutation (pcG1896A = 0% vs no pcG1896A = 36.9%, P < .001), even after adjusting for baseline HBsAg quantification and anti‐HBV agent (P < .001). In conclusion, lacking the pcG1896A mutation before ARV initiation appeared to increase HBsAg seroclearance rates during treatment. The therapeutic implications of this mutation need further exploration in this setting.

Published
2018
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50. Mortality in relation to hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection status among HIV‐HBV co‐infected patients in sub‐Saharan Africa after immediate initiation of antiretroviral therapy.

Author

Mohareb, Amir M., Kouamé, Gérard Menan, Gabassi, Audrey, Gabillard, Delphine, Moh, Raoul, Badje, Anani, Emième, Arlette, Maylin, Sarah, Ménan, Hervé, Hyle, Emily P., Delaugerre, Constance, Danel, Christine, Anglaret, Xavier, Lacombe, Karine, Eholié, Serge P., and Boyd, Anders

Subjects
HEPATITIS B virus, HEPATITIS associated antigen, ANTIRETROVIRAL agents, HEPATITIS B, CHRONIC hepatitis B, CD4 lymphocyte count, NONLINEAR regression
Abstract

It is unknown how past and active hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection affect immunorecovery and mortality in people with HIV who initiate tenofovir‐based antiretroviral therapy (ART). Using data collected between 2008 and 2015, we studied people with HIV in sub‐Saharan Africa initiating immediate ART in the Temprano randomized control trial. We classified participants into HBV groups at ART initiation: hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)‐positive with HBV DNA ≥ 2,000 IU/ml; HBsAg‐positive with HBV DNA < 2,000 IU/ml; isolated HBcAb‐positive; resolved infection (HBsAb‐positive/HBcAb‐positive); and HBV non‐immune/vaccinated (HBcAb‐negative). We compared square‐root CD4‐cell count increases using mixed‐effect, non‐linear regression adjusted for age, sex, baseline CD4 cell count, and HIV RNA. We compared all‐cause mortality using Bayesian parametric survival regression. Among 879 participants, 24 (2.7%) had HBsAg with high HBV DNA, 76 (8.6%) HBsAg with low HBV DNA, 325 (37.0%) isolated anti‐HBcAb, 226 (25.7%) resolved HBV infection and 228 (25.9%) HBV non‐immune/vaccinated. We found no significant difference in CD4 cell increases between HBV‐infection groups after adjustment (p = 0.16). Participants with HBsAg and high HBV DNA had the highest incidence of all‐cause mortality (1.9/100 person‐years, 95% Credibile Interval [CrI] = 1.0–3.4). By comparison, incidence rates of mortality were reduced by 57% (95%CrI = −79%, −13%), 60% (95%CrI = −82%, −12%) and 66% (95%CrI = −84%, −23%) in those who had isolated anti‐HBcAb‐positive, resolved HBV infection and HBV non‐immune/vaccinated, respectively. In conclusion, individuals with HIV and past HBV infection or isolated anti‐HBcAb‐positive serology, much like HBV non‐immune/vaccinated, experience lower mortality than those with HBsAg and high HBV DNA. Additional HBV‐related management would not be necessary for these individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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