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1. EuPRAXIA Conceptual Design Report

Author

Assmann, R. W., Weikum, M. K., Akhter, T., Alesini, D., Alexandrova, A. S., Anania, M. P., Andreev, N. E., Andriyash, I., Artioli, M., Aschikhin, A., Audet, T., Bacci, A., Barna, I. F., Bartocci, S., Bayramian, A., Beaton, A., Beck, A., Bellaveglia, M., Beluze, A., Bernhard, A., Biagioni, A., Bielawski, S., Bisesto, F. G., Bonatto, A., Boulton, L., Brandi, F., Brinkmann, R., Briquez, F., Brottier, F., Bründermann, E., Büscher, M., Buonomo, B., Bussmann, M. H., Bussolino, G., Campana, P., Cantarella, S., Cassou, K., Chancé, A., Chen, M., Chiadroni, E., Cianchi, A., Cioeta, F., Clarke, J. A., Cole, J. M., Costa, G., Couprie, M. -E., Cowley, J., Croia, M., Cros, B., Crump, P. A., D’Arcy, R., Dattoli, G., Del Dotto, A., Delerue, N., Del Franco, M., Delinikolas, P., De Nicola, S., Dias, J. M., Di Giovenale, D., Diomede, M., Di Pasquale, E., Di Pirro, G., Di Raddo, G., Dorda, U., Erlandson, A. C., Ertel, K., Esposito, A., Falcoz, F., Falone, A., Fedele, R., Ferran Pousa, A., Ferrario, M., Filippi, F., Fils, J., Fiore, G., Fiorito, R., Fonseca, R. A., Franzini, G., Galimberti, M., Gallo, A., Galvin, T. C., Ghaith, A., Ghigo, A., Giove, D., Giribono, A., Gizzi, L. A., Grüner, F. J., Habib, A. F., Haefner, C., Heinemann, T., Helm, A., Hidding, B., Holzer, B. J., Hooker, S. M., Hosokai, T., Hübner, M., Ibison, M., Incremona, S., Irman, A., Iungo, F., Jafarinia, F. J., Jakobsson, O., Jaroszynski, D. A., Jaster-Merz, S., Joshi, C., Kaluza, M., Kando, M., Karger, O. S., Karsch, S., Khazanov, E., Khikhlukha, D., Kirchen, M., Kirwan, G., Kitégi, C., Knetsch, A., Kocon, D., Koester, P., Kononenko, O. S., Korn, G., Kostyukov, I., Kruchinin, K. O., Labate, L., Le Blanc, C., Lechner, C., Lee, P., Leemans, W., Lehrach, A., Li, X., Li, Y., Libov, V., Lifschitz, A., Lindstrøm, C. A., Litvinenko, V., Lu, W., Lundh, O., Maier, A. R., Malka, V., Manahan, G. G., Mangles, S. P. D., Marcelli, A., Marchetti, B., Marcouillé, O., Marocchino, A., Marteau, F., Martinez de la Ossa, A., Martins, J. L., Mason, P. D., Massimo, F., Mathieu, F., Maynard, G., Mazzotta, Z., Mironov, S., Molodozhentsev, A. Y., Morante, S., Mosnier, A., Mostacci, A., Müller, A. -S., Murphy, C. D., Najmudin, Z., Nghiem, P. A. P., Nguyen, F., Niknejadi, P., Nutter, A., Osterhoff, J., Oumbarek Espinos, D., Paillard, J. -L., Papadopoulos, D. N., Patrizi, B., Pattathil, R., Pellegrino, L., Petralia, A., Petrillo, V., Piersanti, L., Pocsai, M. A., Poder, K., Pompili, R., Pribyl, L., Pugacheva, D., Reagan, B. A., Resta-Lopez, J., Ricci, R., Romeo, S., Rossetti Conti, M., Rossi, A. R., Rossmanith, R., Rotundo, U., Roussel, E., Sabbatini, L., Santangelo, P., Sarri, G., Schaper, L., Scherkl, P., Schramm, U., Schroeder, C. B., Scifo, J., Serafini, L., Sharma, G., Sheng, Z. M., Shpakov, V., Siders, C. W., Silva, L. O., Silva, T., Simon, C., Simon-Boisson, C., Sinha, U., Sistrunk, E., Specka, A., Spinka, T. M., Stecchi, A., Stella, A., Stellato, F., Streeter, M. J. V., Sutherland, A., Svystun, E. N., Symes, D., Szwaj, C., Tauscher, G. E., Terzani, D., Toci, G., Tomassini, P., Torres, R., Ullmann, D., Vaccarezza, C., Valléau, M., Vannini, M., Vannozzi, A., Vescovi, S., Vieira, J. M., Villa, F., Wahlström, C. -G., Walczak, R., Walker, P. A., Wang, K., Welsch, A., Welsch, C. P., Weng, S. M., Wiggins, S. M., Wolfenden, J., Xia, G., Yabashi, M., Zhang, H., Zhao, Y., Zhu, J., and Zigler, A.

Published
2020
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2. Erratum to: EuPRAXIA Conceptual Design Report: Eur. Phys. J. Special Topics 229, 3675-4284 (2020), https://doi.org/10.1140/epjst/e2020-000127-8

Author

Assmann, R. W., Weikum, M. K., Akhter, T., Alesini, D., Alexandrova, A. S., Anania, M. P., Andreev, N. E., Andriyash, I., Artioli, M., Aschikhin, A., Audet, T., Bacci, A., Barna, I. F., Bartocci, S., Bayramian, A., Beaton, A., Beck, A., Bellaveglia, M., Beluze, A., Bernhard, A., Biagioni, A., Bielawski, S., Bisesto, F. G., Bonatto, A., Boulton, L., Brandi, F., Brinkmann, R., Briquez, F., Brottier, F., Bründermann, E., Büscher, M., Buonomo, B., Bussmann, M. H., Bussolino, G., Campana, P., Cantarella, S., Cassou, K., Chancé, A., Chen, M., Chiadroni, E., Cianchi, A., Cioeta, F., Clarke, J. A., Cole, J. M., Costa, G., Couprie, M. -E., Cowley, J., Croia, M., Cros, B., Crump, P. A., D’Arcy, R., Dattoli, G., Del Dotto, A., Delerue, N., Del Franco, M., Delinikolas, P., De Nicola, S., Dias, J. M., Di Giovenale, D., Diomede, M., Di Pasquale, E., Di Pirro, G., Di Raddo, G., Dorda, U., Erlandson, A. C., Ertel, K., Esposito, A., Falcoz, F., Falone, A., Fedele, R., Ferran Pousa, A., Ferrario, M., Filippi, F., Fils, J., Fiore, G., Fiorito, R., Fonseca, R. A., Franzini, G., Galimberti, M., Gallo, A., Galvin, T. C., Ghaith, A., Ghigo, A., Giove, D., Giribono, A., Gizzi, L. A., Grüner, F. J., Habib, A. F., Haefner, C., Heinemann, T., Helm, A., Hidding, B., Holzer, B. J., Hooker, S. M., Hosokai, T., Hübner, M., Ibison, M., Incremona, S., Irman, A., Iungo, F., Jafarinia, F. J., Jakobsson, O., Jaroszynski, D. A., Jaster-Merz, S., Joshi, C., Kaluza, M., Kando, M., Karger, O. S., Karsch, S., Khazanov, E., Khikhlukha, D., Kirchen, M., Kirwan, G., Kitégi, C., Knetsch, A., Kocon, D., Koester, P., Kononenko, O. S., Korn, G., Kostyukov, I., Kruchinin, K. O., Labate, L., Le Blanc, C., Lechner, C., Lee, P., Leemans, W., Lehrach, A., Li, X., Li, Y., Libov, V., Lifschitz, A., Lindstrøm, C. A., Litvinenko, V., Lu, W., Lundh, O., Maier, A. R., Malka, V., Manahan, G. G., Mangles, S. P. D., Marcelli, A., Marchetti, B., Marcouillé, O., Marocchino, A., Marteau, F., Martinez de la Ossa, A., Martins, J. L., Mason, P. D., Massimo, F., Mathieu, F., Maynard, G., Mazzotta, Z., Mironov, S., Molodozhentsev, A. Y., Morante, S., Mosnier, A., Mostacci, A., Müller, A. -S., Murphy, C. D., Najmudin, Z., Nghiem, P. A. P., Nguyen, F., Niknejadi, P., Nutter, A., Osterhoff, J., Oumbarek Espinos, D., Paillard, J. -L., Papadopoulos, D. N., Patrizi, B., Pattathil, R., Pellegrino, L., Petralia, A., Petrillo, V., Piersanti, L., Pocsai, M. A., Poder, K., Pompili, R., Pribyl, L., Pugacheva, D., Reagan, B. A., Resta-Lopez, J., Ricci, R., Romeo, S., Rossetti Conti, M., Rossi, A. R., Rossmanith, R., Rotundo, U., Roussel, E., Sabbatini, L., Santangelo, P., Sarri, G., Schaper, L., Scherkl, P., Schramm, U., Schroeder, C. B., Scifo, J., Serafini, L., Sharma, G., Sheng, Z. M., Shpakov, V., Siders, C. W., Silva, L. O., Silva, T., Simon, C., Simon-Boisson, C., Sinha, U., Sistrunk, E., Specka, A., Spinka, T. M., Stecchi, A., Stella, A., Stellato, F., Streeter, M. J. V., Sutherland, A., Svystun, E. N., Symes, D., Szwaj, C., Tauscher, G. E., Terzani, D., Toci, G., Tomassini, P., Torres, R., Ullmann, D., Vaccarezza, C., Valléau, M., Vannini, M., Vannozzi, A., Vescovi, S., Vieira, J. M., Villa, F., Wahlström, C. -G., Walczak, R., Walker, P. A., Wang, K., Welsch, A., Welsch, C. P., Weng, S. M., Wiggins, S. M., Wolfenden, J., Xia, G., Yabashi, M., Zhang, H., Zhao, Y., Zhu, J., and Zigler, A.

Published
2020
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4. Experimental demonstration of novel beam characterization using a polarizable X-band transverse deflection structure

Author

Marchetti, B., Grudiev, A., Craievich, P., Assmann, R., Braun, H.-H., Catalan Lasheras, N., Christie, F., D’Arcy, R., Fortunati, R., Ganter, R., González Caminal, P., Hoffmann, M., Huening, M., Jaster-Merz, S. M., Jonas, R., Marcellini, F., Marx, D., McMonagle, G., Osterhoff, J., Pedrozzi, M., Prat Costa, E., Reiche, S., Reukauff, M., Schreiber, S., Tews, G., Vogt, M., Wesch, S., and Wuensch, W.

Published
2021
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5. Characterization of relativistic electron bunch duration and travelling wave structure phase velocity based on momentum spectra measurements on the ARES linac at DESY

Author

Vinatier, T., Assmann, R. W., Bruni, C., Burkart, F., Dinter, H., Jaster-Merz, S. M., Kellermeier, M., Kuropka, W., Mayet, F., and Stacey, B.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics - Accelerator Physics
Abstract

The ARES linac at DESY aims to generate and characterize ultrashort electron bunches (fs to sub-fs duration) with high momentum and arrival time stability for the purpose of applications related to accelerator R&D, e.g. development of advanced and compact diagnostics and accelerating structures, test of new accelerator components, medical applications studies, machine learning, etc. During its commissioning phase, the bunch duration characterization of the electron bunches generated at ARES has been performed with an RF-phasing technique relying on momentum spectra measurements, using only common accelerator elements (RF accelerating structures and magnetic spectrometers). The sensitivity of the method allowed highlighting different response times for Mo and Cs2Te cathodes. The measured electron bunch duration in a wide range of machine parameters shows excellent agreement overall with the simulation predictions, thus demonstrating a very good understanding of the ARES operation on the bunch duration aspect. The importance of a precise in-situ experimental determination of the phase velocity of the first travelling wave accelerating structure after the electron source, for which we propose a simple new beam-based method precise down to sub-permille variation respective to the speed of light in vacuum, is emphasized for this purpose. A minimum bunch duration of 20 fs rms, resolution-limited by the space charge forces, is reported. This is, to the best of our knowledge, around 4 times shorter than what has been previously experimentally demonstrated based on RF-phasing techniques with a single RF structure. The present study constitutes a strong basis for future time characterization down to the sub-fs level at ARES, using dedicated X-band transverse deflecting structures., Comment: 17 pages, 11 figures. To be submitted to Physical Review Accelerators and Beams

Published
2023

6. 5D tomographic phase-space reconstruction of particle bunches

Author

Jaster-Merz, S., Assmann, R. W., Brinkmann, R., Burkart, F., Hillert, W., Stanitzki, M., and Vinatier, T.

Subjects
Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, Physics - Accelerator Physics
Abstract

We propose a new beam diagnostics method to reconstruct the phase space of charged particle bunches in 5 dimensions, which consist of the horizontal and vertical positions and divergences as well as the time axis. This is achieved by combining a quadrupole-based transverse phase-space tomography with the adjustable streaking angle of a polarizable X-band transverse deflection structure (PolariX TDS). We demonstrate with detailed simulations that the method is able to reconstruct various complex phase-space distributions and that the quality of the reconstruction depends on the number of input projections. This method allows for the identification and visualization of previously unnoticed detailed features in the phase-space distribution, and can thereby be used as a tool towards improving the performance of particle accelerators, or performing more accurate simulation studies.

Published
2023

8. Investigating people’s attitudes towards participating in longitudinal health research: an intersectionality-informed perspective

Author

Merz, S., Jaehn, P., Pischon, T., Fischer, B., Wirkner, K., Rach, S., Guenther, K., Obi, N., and Holmberg, C.

Subjects
Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Increasing evidence suggests that participation proportions in longitudinal health research vary according to sex/gender, age, social class, or migration status. Intersectionality scholarship purports that such social categories cannot be understood in isolation and makes visible the co-dependent nature of the social determinants of health and illness. This paper uses an intersectionality-informed approach in order to expand the understanding of why people participate in health research, and the impact of intersecting social structures and experiences on these attitudes. METHODS: A sample of 80 respondents who had previously either accepted or declined an invitation to participate in the German National Cohort (NAKO) participated in our interview study. Interviews were semi-structured and contained both narrative elements and more structured probes. Data analysis proceeded in two steps: first, the entire data set was analysed thematically (separately for participants and non-participants); second, key themes were compared across self-reported sex/gender, age group and migration status to identify differences and commonalities. RESULTS: Respondents' attitudes towards study participation can be categorised into four themes: wanting to make a contribution, seeking personalised health information, excitement and feeling chosen, and seeking social recognition. Besides citing logistical challenges, non-participants narrated adverse experiences with or attitudes towards science and the healthcare system that deterred them from participating. A range of social experiences and cultural value systems shaped such attitudes; in particular, this includes the cultural authority of science as an arbiter of social questions, transgressing social categories and experiences of marginalisation. Care responsibilities, predominantly borne by female respondents, also impacted upon the decision to take part in NAKO. DISCUSSION: Our findings suggest that for participants, health research constitutes a site of distinction in the sense of making a difference and being distinct or distinguishable, whereas non-participants inhabited an orientation towards science that reflected their subjective marginalisation through science. No clear relationship can thereby be presumed between social location and a particular attitude towards study participation; rather, such attitudes transgress and challenge categorical boundaries. This challenges the understanding of particular populations as more or less disadvantaged, or as more or less inclined to participate in health research.

Published
2023

9. Psychosocial burden in nurses working in nursing homes during the Covid-19 pandemic

Author

Schulze, S, Merz, S, Lincke, HJ, Nübling, M, Rapp, MA, Spallek, J, Tallarek, M, Thier, AK, and Holmberg, C

Subjects
ddc: 610, Medicine and health
Abstract

Background: Nurses’ work-related strain and psychological burden increased during the Covid-19 pandemic, resulting in high prevalences of mental health problems among nurses worldwide. Nurses in long-term care facilities seem to be particularly prone to overall heightened burden and poor mental [for full text, please go to the a.m. URL]

Published
2022
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10. Erratum to: EuPRAXIA Conceptual Design Report (The European Physical Journal Special Topics, (2020), 229, 24, (3675-4284), 10.1140/epjst/e2020-000127-8)

Author

Assmann R. W., Weikum M. K., Akhter T., Alesini D., Alexandrova A. S., Anania M. P., Andreev N. E., Andriyash I., Artioli M., Aschikhin A., Audet T., Bacci A., Barna I. F., Bartocci S., Bayramian A., Beaton A., Beck A., Bellaveglia M., Beluze A., Bernhard A., Biagioni A., Bielawski S., Bisesto F. G., Bonatto A., Boulton L., Brandi F., Brinkmann R., Briquez F., Brottier F., Brundermann E., Buscher M., Buonomo B., Bussmann M. H., Bussolino G., Campana P., Cantarella S., Cassou K., Chance A., Chen M., Chiadroni E., Cianchi A., Cioeta F., Clarke J. A., Cole J. M., Costa G., Couprie M. -E., Cowley J., Croia M., Cros B., Crump P. A., D'Arcy R., Dattoli G., Del Dotto A., Delerue N., Del Franco M., Delinikolas P., De Nicola S., Dias J. M., Di Giovenale D., Diomede M., Di Pasquale E., Di Pirro G., Di Raddo G., Dorda U., Erlandson A. C., Ertel K., Esposito A., Falcoz F., Falone A., Fedele R., Ferran Pousa A., Ferrario M., Filippi F., Fils J., Fiore G., Fiorito R., Fonseca R. A., Franzini G., Galimberti M., Gallo A., Galvin T. C., Ghaith A., Ghigo A., Giove D., Giribono A., Gizzi L. A., Gruner F. J., Habib A. F., Haefner C., Heinemann T., Helm A., Hidding B., Holzer B. J., Hooker S. M., Hosokai T., Hubner M., Ibison M., Incremona S., Irman A., Iungo F., Jafarinia F. J., Jakobsson O., Jaroszynski D. A., Jaster-Merz S., Joshi C., Kaluza M., Kando M., Karger O. S., Karsch S., Khazanov E., Khikhlukha D., Kirchen M., Kirwan G., Kitegi C., Knetsch A., Kocon D., Koester P., Kononenko O. S., Korn G., Kostyukov I., Kruchinin K. O., Labate L., Le Blanc C., Lechner C., Lee P., Leemans W., Lehrach A., Li X., Li Y., Libov V., Lifschitz A., Lindstrom C. A., Litvinenko V., Lu W., Lundh O., Maier A. R., Malka V., Manahan G. G., Mangles S. P. D., Marcelli A., Marchetti B., Marcouille O., Marocchino A., Marteau F., Martinez de la Ossa A., Martins J. L., Mason P. D., Massimo F., Mathieu F., Maynard G., Mazzotta Z., Mironov S., Molodozhentsev A. Y., Morante S., Mosnier A., Mostacci A., Muller A. -S., Murphy C. D., Najmudin Z., Nghiem P. A. P., Nguyen F., Niknejadi P., Nutter A., Osterhoff J., Oumbarek Espinos D., Paillard J. -L., Papadopoulos D. N., Patrizi B., Pattathil R., Pellegrino L., Petralia A., Petrillo V., Piersanti L., Pocsai M. A., Poder K., Pompili R., Pribyl L., Pugacheva D., Reagan B. A., Resta-Lopez J., Ricci R., Romeo S., Rossetti Conti M., Rossi A. R., Rossmanith R., Rotundo U., Roussel E., Sabbatini L., Santangelo P., Sarri G., Schaper L., Scherkl P., Schramm U., Schroeder C. B., Scifo J., Serafini L., Sharma G., Sheng Z. M., Shpakov V., Siders C. W., Silva L. O., Silva T., Simon C., Simon-Boisson C., Sinha U., Sistrunk E., Specka A., Spinka T. M., Stecchi A., Stella A., Stellato F., Streeter M. J. V., Sutherland A., Svystun E. N., Symes D., Szwaj C., Tauscher G. E., Terzani D., Toci G., Tomassini P., Torres R., Ullmann D., Vaccarezza C., Valleau M., Vannini M., Vannozzi A., Vescovi S., Vieira J. M., Villa F., Wahlstrom C. -G., Walczak R., Walker P. A., Wang K., Welsch A., Welsch C. P., Weng S. M., Wiggins S. M., Wolfenden J., Xia G., Yabashi M., Zhang H., Zhao Y., Zhu J., Zigler A., Assmann, R. W., Weikum, M. K., Akhter, T., Alesini, D., Alexandrova, A. S., Anania, M. P., Andreev, N. E., Andriyash, I., Artioli, M., Aschikhin, A., Audet, T., Bacci, A., Barna, I. F., Bartocci, S., Bayramian, A., Beaton, A., Beck, A., Bellaveglia, M., Beluze, A., Bernhard, A., Biagioni, A., Bielawski, S., Bisesto, F. G., Bonatto, A., Boulton, L., Brandi, F., Brinkmann, R., Briquez, F., Brottier, F., Brundermann, E., Buscher, M., Buonomo, B., Bussmann, M. H., Bussolino, G., Campana, P., Cantarella, S., Cassou, K., Chance, A., Chen, M., Chiadroni, E., Cianchi, A., Cioeta, F., Clarke, J. A., Cole, J. M., Costa, G., Couprie, M. -E., Cowley, J., Croia, M., Cros, B., Crump, P. A., D'Arcy, R., Dattoli, G., Del Dotto, A., Delerue, N., Del Franco, M., Delinikolas, P., De Nicola, S., Dias, J. M., Di Giovenale, D., Diomede, M., Di Pasquale, E., Di Pirro, G., Di Raddo, G., Dorda, U., Erlandson, A. C., Ertel, K., Esposito, A., Falcoz, F., Falone, A., Fedele, R., Ferran Pousa, A., Ferrario, M., Filippi, F., Fils, J., Fiore, G., Fiorito, R., Fonseca, R. A., Franzini, G., Galimberti, M., Gallo, A., Galvin, T. C., Ghaith, A., Ghigo, A., Giove, D., Giribono, A., Gizzi, L. A., Gruner, F. J., Habib, A. F., Haefner, C., Heinemann, T., Helm, A., Hidding, B., Holzer, B. J., Hooker, S. M., Hosokai, T., Hubner, M., Ibison, M., Incremona, S., Irman, A., Iungo, F., Jafarinia, F. J., Jakobsson, O., Jaroszynski, D. A., Jaster-Merz, S., Joshi, C., Kaluza, M., Kando, M., Karger, O. S., Karsch, S., Khazanov, E., Khikhlukha, D., Kirchen, M., Kirwan, G., Kitegi, C., Knetsch, A., Kocon, D., Koester, P., Kononenko, O. S., Korn, G., Kostyukov, I., Kruchinin, K. O., Labate, L., Le Blanc, C., Lechner, C., Lee, P., Leemans, W., Lehrach, A., Li, X., Li, Y., Libov, V., Lifschitz, A., Lindstrom, C. A., Litvinenko, V., Lu, W., Lundh, O., Maier, A. R., Malka, V., Manahan, G. G., Mangles, S. P. D., Marcelli, A., Marchetti, B., Marcouille, O., Marocchino, A., Marteau, F., Martinez de la Ossa, A., Martins, J. L., Mason, P. D., Massimo, F., Mathieu, F., Maynard, G., Mazzotta, Z., Mironov, S., Molodozhentsev, A. Y., Morante, S., Mosnier, A., Mostacci, A., Muller, A. -S., Murphy, C. D., Najmudin, Z., Nghiem, P. A. P., Nguyen, F., Niknejadi, P., Nutter, A., Osterhoff, J., Oumbarek Espinos, D., Paillard, J. -L., Papadopoulos, D. N., Patrizi, B., Pattathil, R., Pellegrino, L., Petralia, A., Petrillo, V., Piersanti, L., Pocsai, M. A., Poder, K., Pompili, R., Pribyl, L., Pugacheva, D., Reagan, B. A., Resta-Lopez, J., Ricci, R., Romeo, S., Rossetti Conti, M., Rossi, A. R., Rossmanith, R., Rotundo, U., Roussel, E., Sabbatini, L., Santangelo, P., Sarri, G., Schaper, L., Scherkl, P., Schramm, U., Schroeder, C. B., Scifo, J., Serafini, L., Sharma, G., Sheng, Z. M., Shpakov, V., Siders, C. W., Silva, L. O., Silva, T., Simon, C., Simon-Boisson, C., Sinha, U., Sistrunk, E., Specka, A., Spinka, T. M., Stecchi, A., Stella, A., Stellato, F., Streeter, M. J. V., Sutherland, A., Svystun, E. N., Symes, D., Szwaj, C., Tauscher, G. E., Terzani, D., Toci, G., Tomassini, P., Torres, R., Ullmann, D., Vaccarezza, C., Valleau, M., Vannini, M., Vannozzi, A., Vescovi, S., Vieira, J. M., Villa, F., Wahlstrom, C. -G., Walczak, R., Walker, P. A., Wang, K., Welsch, A., Welsch, C. P., Weng, S. M., Wiggins, S. M., Wolfenden, J., Xia, G., Yabashi, M., Zhang, H., Zhao, Y., Zhu, J., and Zigler, A.

Abstract

Figure 20.1 was not correct in the published article. The original article has been corrected. The published apologizes for the inconvenience.

Published
2020

11. Polarization transfer observables in π-d elastic scattering

Author

Suft, G., Beulertz, W., Bock, A., Frank, M., Glombik, A., Hey, J., Kowalzik, B., Kretschmer, W., Merz, S., Meyer, H., Sözüer, L., Weidmann, R., Boschitz, E., Brinkmöller, B., Meier, R., van den Brandt, B., Hautle, P., Konter, J. A., Mango, S., Mertens, G., Tacik, R., Amaudruz, P., and Grüebler, W.

Published
1999
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14. Computer Assistance: A New Gold Standard for the Mitotic Count?

Author

Bertram, C.A., Aubreville, M., Donovan, T.A., Bartel, A., Wilm, F., Marzahl, C., Assenmacher, C.A., Becker, K., Bennett, M., Corner, S., Cossic, B., Denk, D., Dettwiler, M., Garcia Gonzalez, B., Gurtner, C., Haverkamp, A.K., Heier, A., Lehmbecker, A., Merz, S., Noland, E.L., Plog, S., Schmidt, A., Sebastian, F., Sledge, D.G., Smedley, R.C., Tecilla, M., Thaiwong, T., Fuchs-Baumgartinger, A., Meuten, D.J., Breininger, K., Kiupel, M., Maier, A., and Klopfleisch, R.

Published
2022
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15. Long-term and high-frequency non-destructive monitoring of water stable isotope profiles in an evaporating soil column

Author

Rothfuss, Y., Merz, S., Vanderborght, J., Hermes, Normen, Weuthen, A., Pohlmeier, A., Vereecken, H., and Brüggemann, N.

Subjects
lcsh:GE1-350, lcsh:G, lcsh:T, ddc:550, lcsh:Geography. Anthropology. Recreation, lcsh:Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, lcsh:Technology, lcsh:TD1-1066, lcsh:Environmental sciences
Abstract

The stable isotope compositions of soil water (δ2H and δ18O) carry important information about the prevailing soil hydrological conditions and for constraining ecosystem water budgets. However, they are highly dynamic, especially during and after precipitation events. In this study, we present an application of a method based on gas-permeable tubing and isotope-specific infrared laser absorption spectroscopy for in situ determination of soil water δ2H and δ18O. We conducted a laboratory experiment where a sand column was initially saturated, exposed to evaporation for a period of 290 days, and finally rewatered. Soil water vapor δ2H and δ18O were measured daily at each of eight available depths. Soil liquid water δ2H and δ18O were inferred from those of the vapor considering thermodynamic equilibrium between liquid and vapor phases in the soil. The experimental setup allowed for following the evolution of soil water δ2H and δ18O profiles with a daily temporal resolution. As the soil dried, we could also show for the first time the increasing influence of the isotopically depleted ambient water vapor on the isotopically enriched liquid water close to the soil surface (i.e., atmospheric invasion). Rewatering at the end of the experiment led to instantaneous resetting of the stable isotope profiles, which could be closely followed with the new method. From simple soil δ2H and δ18O gradients calculations, we showed that the gathered data allowed one to determinate the depth of the evaporation front (EF) and how it receded into the soil over time. It was inferred that after 290 days under the prevailing experimental conditions, the EF had moved down to an approximate depth of −0.06 m. Finally, data were used to calculate the slopes of the evaporation lines and test the formulation for kinetic isotope effects. A very good agreement was found between measured and simulated values (Nash and Sutcliffe efficiency, NSE = 0.92) during the first half of the experiment, i.e., until the EF reached a depth of −0.04 m. From this point, calculated kinetic effects associated with the transport of isotopologues in the soil surface air layer above the EF provided slopes lower than observed. Finally, values of kinetic isotope effects that provided the best model-to-data fit (NSE > 0.9) were obtained from inverse modeling, highlighting uncertainties associated with the determinations of isotope kinetic fractionation and soil relative humidity at the EF.

Published
2018
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16. ‘We All Have a Responsibility to Each Other’: Valuing Racialised Bodies in the Neoliberal Bioeconomy\ud

Author

Merz, S. and Williams, R.G.

Abstract

In neoliberalism, human tissue has been targeted as a novel source for the extraction of\ud surplus value. Entire new markets for human biomaterials such as reproductive tissue, organs\ud and clinical data have emerged. Commercial attention has also turned to ethnic and racial\ud minorities, resulting in myriad products and services specifically developed for them. In this\ud paper, we focus on this market interest in racialised tissue by exploring two contested\ud empirical examples: clinical trials for pharmaceuticals in the United States and stem cell\ud transplantation in the United Kingdom. Both examples use racial taxonomies as useful tools\ud in discerning human biological difference to draw conclusions about the economic potential\ud of donors’ and participants’ genetic constitutions. We will show, first, how they do so by\ud appealing to racialised minorities’ sense of responsibility toward ‘their’ communities, not\ud only actively buttressing the conflation of the social and biological registers of human\ud variation but also demonstrating neoliberalism’s mobilisation of discourses of community.\ud However, while the inclusion of racialised minorities is hoped to bring economic benefits, it\ud also aims to work towards the beneficent ends of addressing racial inequalities in healthcare\ud provision. Drawing on debates in Science and Technology Studies, we argue, second, that in\ud our examples, economic, social and cultural values cannot be disentangled. This compels us\ud to complement narratives of the commodification of racialised difference in neoliberal\ud (consumer) culture, and focus on the intersections between different values pertaining\ud simultaneously to economic and ethical realms. Ultimately though, we find that whilst\ud important work is being done to ameliorate racial inequities, the broader socio-economic and political inequalities minority communities face go unaddressed, likely precluding the\ud realisation of bioscience’s promise of health equality.

Published
2018

17. Measurement of polarization transfer in pion–deuteron elastic scattering

Author

Stuft, G., Beulertz, W., Bock, A., Frank, M., Glombik, A., Hey, J., Kowalzik, B., Kretschmer, W., Merz, S., Meyer, H., Sözüer, L., Weidmann, R., Boschitz, E., Brinkmöller, B., Meier, R., Mertens, G., van den Brandt, B., Hautle, P., Konter, J.A., Mango, S., Mathelitsch, L., Garcilazo, H., Tacik, R., Amaudruz, P., and Grüebler, W.

Published
2001
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18. Horizon 2020 EuPRAXIA design study

Author

EuPRAXIA Collaboration, Walker, P. A., Alesini, P. D., Alexandrova, A. S., Anania, M. P., Andreev, N. E., Andriyash, I., Aschikhin, A., Assmann, R. W., Audet, T., Bacci, A., Barna, I. F., Beaton, A., Beck, A., Beluze, A., Bernhard, A., Bielawski, S., Bisesto, F. G., Boedewadt, J., Brandi, F., Bringer, O., Brinkmann, R., Bründermann, E., Büscher, M., Bussmann, M., Bussolino, G. C., Chance, A., Chanteloup, J. C., Chen, M., Chiadroni, E., Cianchi, A., Clarke, J., Cole, J., Couprie, M. E., Croia, M., Cros, B., Dale, J., Dattoli, G., Delerue, N., Delferriere, O., Delinikolas, P., Dias, J., Dorda, U., Ertel, K., Ferran Pousa, A., Ferrario, M., Filippi, F., Fils, J., Fiorito, R., Fonseca, R. A., Galimberti, M., Gallo, A., Garzella, D., Gastinel, P., Giove, D., Giribono, A., Gizzi, L. A., Grüner, F. J., Habib, A. F., Haefner, L. C., Heinemann, T., Hidding, B., Holzer, B. J., Hooker, S. M., Hosokai, T., Irman, A., Jaroszynski, D. A., Jaster-Merz, S., Joshi, C., Kaluza, M. C., Kando, M., Karger, O. S., Karsch, S., Khazanov, E., Khikhlukha, D., Knetsch, A., Kocon, D., Koester, P., Kononenko, O., Korn, G., Kostyukov, I., Labate, L., Lechner, C., Leemans, W. P., Lehrach, A., Li, F. Y., Li, X., Libov, V., Lifschitz, A., Litvinenko, V., Lu, W., Maier, A. R., Malka, V., Manahan, G. G., Mangles, S. P. D., Marchetti, B., Marocchino, A., Martinez de la Ossa, A., Martins, J. L., Massimo, F., Mathieu, F., Maynard, G., Mehrling, T. J., Molodozhentsev, A. Y., Mosnier, A., Mostacci, A., Mueller, A. S., Najmudin, Z., Nghiem, P. A. P., Nguyen, F., Niknejadi, P., Osterhoff, J., Papadopoulos, D., Patrizi, B., Pattathil, R., Petrillo, V., Pocsai, M. A., Poder, K., Pompili, R., Pribyl, L., Pugacheva, D., Romeo, S., Rossi, A. R., Roussel, E., Sahai, A. A., Scherkl, P., Schramm, U., Schroeder, C. B., Schwindling, J., Scifo, J., Serafini, L., Sheng, Z. M., Silva, L. O., Silva, T., Simon, C., Sinha, U., Specka, A., Streeter, M. J. V., Svystun, E. N., Symes, D., Szwaj, C., Tauscher, G., Thomas, A. G. R., Thompson, N., Toci, G., Tomassini, P., Vaccarezza, C., Vannini, M., Vieira, J. M., Villa, F., Wahlström, C-G., Walczak, R., Weikum, M. K., Welsch, C. P., Wiemann, C., Wolfenden, J., Xia, G., Yabashi, M., Yu, L., Zhu, J., Zigler, A., Nguyen, F., and Dattoli, G.

Subjects
History, Technology, high-energy physics (HEP), compact X-ray sources, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Education, accelerator facility, Acceleration, Physics and Astronomy (all), multi-GeV electron beams, 0103 physical sciences, ddc:530, 010306 general physics, QC, plasma, compact accelerators, Physics, QC717, Plasma acceleration, Settore FIS/01, Horizon (archaeology), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, light sources, Settore FIS/07, Mechanics, Computer Science Applications, Design study, Plasma Research Accelerator, plasma accelerator, Physics::Accelerator Physics, ddc:600
Abstract

The Horizon 2020 Project EuPRAXIA ("European Plasma Research Accelerator with eXcellence In Applications") is preparing a conceptual design report of a highly compact and cost-effective European facility with multi-GeV electron beams using plasma as the acceleration medium. The accelerator facility will be based on a laser and/or a beam driven plasma acceleration approach and will be used for photon science, high-energy physics (HEP) detector tests, and other applications such as compact X-ray sources for medical imaging or material processing. EuPRAXIA started in November 2015 and will deliver the design report in October 2019. EuPRAXIA aims to be included on the ESFRI roadmap in 2020. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

Published
2017
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19. Horizon 2020 EuPRAXIA design study

Author

Walker, P. A., Alesini, P. D., Alexandrova, A. S., Anania, M. P., Andreev, N. E., Andriyash, I., Aschikhin, A., Assmann, R. W., Audet, T., Bacci, A., Barna, I. F., Beaton, A., Beck, A., Beluze, A., Bernhard, A., Bielawski, S., Bisesto, F. G., Boedewadt, J., Brandi, F., Bringer, O., Brinkmann, R., Bründermann, E., Büscher, M., Bussmann, M., Bussolino, G. C., Chance, A., Chanteloup, J. C., Chen, M., Chiadroni, E., Cianchi, A., Clarke, J., Cole, J., Couprie, M. E., Croia, M., Cros, B., Dale, J., Dattoli, G., Delerue, N., Delferriere, O., Delinikolas, P., Dias, J., Dorda, U., Ertel, K., Pousa, A. F., Ferrario, M., Filippi, F., Fils, J., Fiorito, R., Fonseca, R. A., Galimberti, M., Gallo, A., Garzella, D., Gastinel, P., Giove, D., Giribono, A., Gizzi, L. A., Grüner, F. J., Habib, A. F., Haefner, L. C., Heinemann, T., Hidding, B., Holzer, B. J., Hooker, S. M., Hosokai, T., Irman, A., Jaroszynski, D. A., Jaster-Merz, S., Joshi, C., Kaluza, M. C., Kando, M., Karger, O. S., Karsch, S., Khazanov, E., Khikhlukha, D., Knetsch, A., Kocon, D., Koester, P., Kononenko, O., Korn, G., Kostyukov, I., Labate, L., Lechner, C., Leemans, W. P., Lehrach, A., Li, F. Y., Li, X., Libov, V., Lifschitz, A., Litvinenko, V., Lu, W., Maier, A. R., Malka, V., Manahan, G. G., Mangles, S. P. D., Marchetti, B., Marocchino, A., Ossa, A. M. D. L., Martins, J. L., Massimo, F., Mathieu, F., Maynard, G., Mehrling, T. J., Molodozhentsev, A. Y., Mosnier, A., Mostacci, A., Mueller, A. S., Najmudin, Z., Nghiem, P. A. P., Nguyen, F., Niknejadi, P., Osterhoff, J., Papadopoulos, D., Patrizi, B., Pattathil, R., Petrillo, V., Pocsai, M. A., Poder, K., Pompili, R., Pribyl, L., Pugacheva, D., Romeo, S., Rossi, A. R., Roussel, E., Sahai, A. A., Scherkl, P., Schramm, U., Schroeder, C. B., Schwindling, J., Scifo, J., Serafini, L., Sheng, Z. M., Silva, L. O., Silva, T., Simon, C., Sinha, U., Specka, A., Streeter, M. J. V., Svystun, E. N., Symes, D., Szwaj, C., Tauscher, G., Thomas, A. G. R., Thompson, N., Toci, G., Tomassini, P., Vaccarezza, C., Vannini, M., Vieira, J. M., Villa, F., Wahlström, C.-G., Walczak, R., Weikum, M. K., Welsch, C. P., Wiemann, C., Wolfenden, J., Xia, G., Yabashi, M., Yu, L., and Zigler, J. Z. A.

Subjects
Plasma accelerator, Physics::Accelerator Physics
Abstract

The Horizon 2020 Project EuPRAXIA ("European Plasma Research Accelerator with eXcellence In Applications") is preparing a conceptual design report of a highly compact and cost-effective European facility with multi-GeV electron beams using plasma as the acceleration medium. The accelerator facility will be based on a laser and/or a beam driven plasma acceleration approach and will be used for photon science, high-energy physics (HEP) detector tests, and other applications such as compact X-ray sources for medical imaging or material processing. EuPRAXIA started in November 2015 and will deliver the design report in October 2019. EuPRAXIA aims to be included on the ESFRI roadmap in 2020.

Published
2017

21. Bewegungsmanipulation polarer Moleküle mit Mikrowellenfeldern

Author

Merz, S. and Schnell, M.

Abstract

Cold molecules are unique samples that can be exploited for a broad set of novel experiments, such as cold collision studies and precision spectroscopy. An important remaining challenge in this field is a widely applicable method to manipulate the motion of neutral polar molecules in high-field-seeking states, i.e., the molecular ground state and states of more complex medium-sized and large molecules. For molecules in these states, true three-dimensional field maxima in free space are required, which are an inherent property of electromagnetic waves. The experiments presented in this thesis exploit the interaction of polar molecules with near-resonant microwave fields in open Fabry–Pérot type resonators and in closed cylindrically symmetric resonators. Ammonia (14NH3) was chosen as a prototypical test molecule for these microwave manipulation experiments because well-controlled ammonia packets can be generated using Stark deceleration in single quantum states. These packets are ideal starting points for developing and characterizing novel motion manipulation techniques. In particular, the rovibronic ground state of para-ammonia has a strong interaction with microwave radiation close to 23.7 GHz corresponding to a wavelength of 12.7 mm. In a first set of experiments, transverse focusing of packets of ammonia molecules with mean forward velocities ranging from 20 m/s to 50 m/s was demonstrated in a closed cylindrically symmetric resonator. The resonator mode used for these experiments features an electric field maximum on the resonator axis that coincides with the molecular beam axis. In order to also manipulate the forward motion of the molecular packets, several consecutive electric field maxima on the molecular beam axis are required and the microwave field has to be rapidly switched at the appropriate times. In a modified closed cylindrically symmetric resonator with twelve consecutive electric field maxima on the axis, the first microwave guiding with full phase-space control was demonstrated for packets of ammonia molecules with a mean forward velocity ranging from 12 m/s to 25 m/s. With the same setup, also the first microwave acceleration and deceleration were accomplished with an extraction of as much as 30% of the initial kinetic energy and a gain by up to 60%. The main advantage of the microwave manipulation technique is its applicability to larger molecules that cannot be manipulated with conventional methods, such as Stark-deceleration. Successful deceleration is complicated for a number of reasons. For example, these larger molecules generally carry much higher kinetic energy. Furthermore, a precise theoretical calculation of the interaction with microwave fields becomes much more challenging. In the last part of this thesis, methods are proposed to increase the performance of the microwave decelerator, developed and characterized in this thesis, to eventually provide slow samples of medium-sized molecules, such as aminobenzonitrile, and trap ammonia. Kalte Moleküle eignen sich hervorragend für einen weiten Bereich an neuartigen Experimenten, wie zum Beispiel Stoßexperimente mit sehr niedrigen Stoßenergien und hochauflösender Spektroskopie. Eine Herausforderung in diesem Zusammenhang ist die Entwicklung einer allgemein anwendbaren Methode zur Manipulation der Bewegung neutraler, polarer Moleküle in hochfeldsuchenden Zuständen. Dies schließt insbesondere molekulare Grundzustände mit ein, aber auch Zustände in großen, mehratomigen Molekülen. Für die Manipulation von Molekülen in hochfeldsuchenden Zuständen sind stabile dreidimensionale Feldmaxima notwendig — eine intrinsische Eigenschaft elektromagnetischer Wellen. Die Experimente, die in der vorliegenden Dissertation beschrieben sind, untersuchen die Wechselwirkung zwischen polaren Molekülen mit Mikrowellenfeldern nahe einer molekularen Resonanz in offenen Fabry-Pérot-Resonatoren und geschlossenen, zylindersymmetrischen Hohlraumresonatoren. Als Testmolekül wurde Ammoniak (14NH3) ausgewählt, das mithilfe der Starkabbremsung quantenzustandsselektiv in einzelnen, wohldefinierten Paketen mit abstimmbarer Geschwindigkeit generiert werden kann. Insbesondere der Grundzustand des para-Ammoniak zeigt eine intensive Wechselwirkung mit Mikrowellenstrahlung im Bereich von 23,7 GHz, entsprechend einer Wellenlänge von 12,7 mm. Zunächst wurde eine Mikrowellenlinse in Form eines geschlossenen zylindersymmetrischen Hohlraumresonators entwickelt, mit der Ammoniakmolekülpakete mit mittleren Geschwindigkeiten von 20 m/s bis 50 m/s transversal fokussiert werden konnten. Dafür wurde eine Resonatormode verwendet, die ein elektrisches Feldmaximum auf der Resonatorachse aufweist, die mit der Molekularstrahlachse überlagert ist. Um zusätzlich auch die longitudinale Bewegungsrichtung der Moleküle zu beeinflussen, muss zum einen eine Resonatormode verwendet werden, die mehrere elektrische Feldmaxima in Molekularstrahlrichtung aufweist. Zum anderen muss das Mikrowellenfeld präzise und schnell geschaltet werden können. Das erste derartige Experiment mit vollständiger Kontrolle über den longitudinalen Phasenraum wurde in einem modifizierten geschlossenen Hohlraumresonator mit zwölf elektrischen Feldmaxima auf der Resonatorachse und Molekülpaketen mit mittleren Geschwindigkeiten von 12 bis 25 m/s durchgeführt. Mit dem gleichen Aufbau konnten auch erste Mikrowellenabbrems- und -beschleunigungsexperimente erfolgreich durchgeführt werden, bei denen den Molekülen bis zu 30% der anfänglichen kinetischen Energie entzogen bzw. bis zu 60% hinzugefügt werden konnte. Der besondere Vorteil der Mikrowellenmanipulationsmethode ist ihre Anwendbarkeit auf große mehratomige Moleküle. Da große und schwere Moleküle eine deutlich höhere kinetische Energie besitzen, als beispielsweise das leichte Ammoniak, wird abschließend beschrieben, wie die Mikrowellenabbremser, die im Rahmen dieser Arbeit entwickelt und charakterisiert wurden, verbessert werden können, um die Bewegung großer, mehratomiger Moleküle effektiv zu manipulieren.

Published
2015

22. Using PVS for an assertional verification of the RPC-memory specification problem

Author

Hooman, J.J.M., Broy, M., Merz, S., Spies, K., Algorithms, Geometry and Applications, and Distributed Real-Time Systems - IPA

Subjects
TheoryofComputation_MATHEMATICALLOGICANDFORMALLANGUAGES, Computer science, Programming language, Automated proof checking, TheoryofComputation_LOGICSANDMEANINGSOFPROGRAMS, computer.software_genre, Implementation, computer
Abstract

The RPC-Memory Specification Problem has been specified and verified in an assertional method, supported by the verification system PVS. Properties of the components are expressed in the higher-order logic of PVS and all implementations have been verified by means of the interactive proof checker of PVS. A simplification of the memory specification — allowing multiple atomic reads — has been proved correct. Additionally, to increase the confidence in the specification, an implementation-oriented specification of the inner memory is shown to be equivalent to our original property-oriented formulation.

Published
1996
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23. Multi-core and/or Symbolic Model Checking

Author

van Dijk, Tom, Laarman, Alfons, van de Pol, Jan Cornelis, Luettgen, G., and Merz, S.

Subjects
Symbolic model checking, EWI-22550, Scalability, parallel algorithms, 020207 software engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Binary Decision Diagrams, FMT-TOOLS, FMT-MC: MODEL CHECKING, Multi-core model checking, METIS-293203, FMT-BDD: BINARY DECISION DIAGRAMS, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, IR-83425, hash table
Abstract

We review our progress in high-performance model checking. Our multi-core model checker is based on a scalable hash-table design and parallel random-walk traversal. Our symbolic model checker is based on Multiway Decision Diagrams and the saturation strategy. The LTSmin tool is based on the PINS architecture, decoupling model checking algorithms from the input specification language. Consequently, users can stay in their own specification language and postpone the choice between parallel or symbolic model checking. We support widely different specification languages including those of SPIN (Promela), mCRL2 and UPPAAL (timed automata). So far, multi-core and symbolic algorithms had very little in common, forcing the user in the end to make a wise trade-off between memory or speed. Recently, however, we designed a novel multi-core BDD package called Sylvan. This forms an excellent basis for scalable parallel symbolic model checking., Electronic Communications of the EASST, Volume 53: Automated Verification of Critical Systems 2012

Published
2012
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25. Participation in Population-based Research: A Qualitative, Intersectional Perspective.

Author

Merz, S., Jaehn, P., and Holmberg, C.

Subjects
*PATIENT participation, *HUMAN research subjects, *PATIENT selection, *PUBLIC health, *CONFERENCES & conventions, *MEDICAL care research
Abstract

Background: Intersectionality scholarship in public health research aims at making visible the interrelated and co-dependent nature of the social determinants of health and illness. Research examining participation in population-based studies has not yet fully integrated this perspective into the analysis such that social heterogeneity remains largely hidden. The interdisciplinary research project AdvanceRecruitment focuses on participation in the German National Cohort (GNC) from an intersectional perspective to examine which individual and collective factors determine a decision for or against participation. Methods: A selective sampling strategy was employed to recruit interview participants (n = 73) according to age, participation, gender and geographical location from the overall GNC study sample. Individual GNC study centres were responsible for recruitment. Qualitative, semi-structured interviews with both participants (n = 61) and non-participants (n = 12) explored their motivations to participate, decision-making processes and experiences at the study centre. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed through thematic and intersectional analyses. Results: Rationales for or against study participation do not primarily vary according to identity-based criteria such as gender or age, but are shaped by a complex assemblage of individual health action, personal biography, experiences of illness and vulnerability, possibilities for social inclusion, available resources and cultural capital. These factors can be better understood through their interrelation in an integrative analysis. Discussion: Intersectional approaches allow for a nuanced, complex understanding of study participation which should be considered when developing strategies for recruitment. Key messages: Intersectionality contributes to a more nuanced, complex understanding of study participation. Intersectional approaches can aid the development of strategies for recruitment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021

26. Long-term and high frequency non-destructive monitoring of water stable isotope profiles in an evaporating soil column.

Author

Rothfuss, Y., Merz, S., Vanderborght, J., Hermes, N., Weuthen, A., Pohlmeier, A., Vereecken, H., and Brüggemann, N.

Abstract

The stable isotope compositions of soil water (δ²H and δ18O) carry important information about the prevailing soil hydrological conditions and for constraining ecosystem water budgets. However, they are highly dynamic, especially during and after precipitation events. The classical method of determining soil water δ²H and δ18O at different depths, i.e., soil sampling and cryogenic extraction of the soil water, followed by isotope-ratio mass spectrometer analysis is destructive and laborious with limited temporal resolution. In this study, we present a new non-destructive method based on gas-permeable tubing and isotope-specific infrared laser absorption spectroscopy. We conducted a laboratory experiment with an acrylic glass column filled with medium sand equipped with gas-permeable tubing at eight different soil depths. The soil column was initially saturated from the bottom, exposed to evaporation for a period of 290 days, and finally rewatered. Soil water vapor δ²H and δ18O were measured daily, sequentially for each depth. Soil liquid water δ²H and δ18O were inferred from the isotopic values of the vapor assuming thermodynamic equilibrium between liquid and vapor phases in the soil. The experimental setup allowed following the evolution of typical exponential-shaped soil water δ²H and δ18O profiles with unprecedentedly high temporal resolution. As the soil dried out, we could also show for the first time the increasing influence of the isotopically depleted ambient water vapor on the isotopically enriched liquid water close to the soil surface (i.e., atmospheric invasion). Rewatering at the end of the experiment led to instantaneous resetting of the stable isotope profiles, which could be closely followed with the new method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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27. Integrated exposure-based therapy for co-occurring posttraumatic stress disorder and substance dependence: a randomized controlled trial.

Author

Mills KL, Teesson M, Back SE, Brady KT, Baker AL, Hopwood S, Sannibale C, Barrett EL, Merz S, Rosenfeld J, Ewer PL, Mills, Katherine L, Teesson, Maree, Back, Sudie E, Brady, Kathleen T, Baker, Amanda L, Hopwood, Sally, Sannibale, Claudia, Barrett, Emma L, and Merz, Sabine

Abstract

Context: There is concern that exposure therapy, an evidence-based cognitive-behavioral treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), may be inappropriate because of risk of relapse for patients with co-occurring substance dependence.Objective: To determine whether an integrated treatment for PTSD and substance dependence, Concurrent Treatment of PTSD and Substance Use Disorders Using Prolonged Exposure (COPE), can achieve greater reductions in PTSD and substance dependence symptom severity compared with usual treatment for substance dependence.Design, Setting, and Participants: Randomized controlled trial enrolling 103 participants who met DSM-IV-TR criteria for both PTSD and substance dependence. Participants were recruited from 2007-2009 in Sydney, Australia; outcomes were assessed at 9 months postbaseline, with interim measures collected at 6 weeks and 3 months postbaseline.Interventions: Participants were randomized to receive COPE plus usual treatment (n = 55) or usual treatment alone (control) (n = 48). COPE consists of 13 individual 90-minute sessions (ie, 19.5 hours) with a clinical psychologist.Main Outcome Measures: Change in PTSD symptom severity as measured by the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS; scale range, 0-240) and change in severity of substance dependence as measured by the number of dependence criteria met according to the Composite International Diagnostic Interview version 3.0 (CIDI; range, 0-7), from baseline to 9-month follow-up. A change of 15 points on the CAPS scale and 1 dependence criterion on the CIDI were considered clinically significant.Results: From baseline to 9-month follow-up, significant reductions in PTSD symptom severity were found for both the treatment group (mean difference, -38.24 [95% CI, -47.93 to -28.54]) and the control group (mean difference, -22.14 [95% CI, -30.33 to -13.95]); however, the treatment group demonstrated a significantly greater reduction in PTSD symptom severity (mean difference, -16.09 [95% CI, -29.00 to -3.19]). No significant between-group difference was found in relation to improvement in severity of substance dependence (0.43 vs 0.52; incidence rate ratio, 0.85 [95% CI, 0.60 to 1.21), nor were there any significant between-group differences in relation to changes in substance use, depression, or anxiety.Conclusion: Among patients with PTSD and substance dependence, the combined use of COPE plus usual treatment, compared with usual treatment alone, resulted in improvement in PTSD symptom severity without an increase in severity of substance dependence.Trial Registration: isrctn.org Identifier: ISRCTN12908171. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2012
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34. Horizon 2020 EuPRAXIA design study

Author

Walker, P. A., Alesini, P. D., Alexandrova, A. S., Anania, M. P., Andreev, N. E., Andriyash, I., Aschikhin, A., Assmann, R. W., Audet, T., Bacci, A., Barna, I. F., Beaton, A., Beck, A., Beluze, A., Bernhard, A., Bielawski, S., Bisesto, F. G., Boedewadt, J., Brandi, F., Bringer, O., Brinkmann, R., Bründermann, E., Büscher, M., Bussmann, M., Bussolino, G. C., Chance, A., Chanteloup, J. C., Chen, M., Chiadroni, E., Cianchi, A., Clarke, J., Cole, J., Couprie, M. E., Croia, M., Cros, B., Dale, J., Dattoli, G., Delerue, N., Delferriere, O., Delinikolas, P., Dias, J., Dorda, U., Ertel, K., Ferran Pousa, A., Ferrario, M., Filippi, F., Fils, J., Fiorito, R., Fonseca, R. A., Galimberti, M., Gallo, A., Garzella, D., Gastinel, P., Giove, D., Giribono, A., Gizzi, L. A., Grüner, F. J., Habib, A. F., Haefner, L. C., Heinemann, T., Hidding, B., Holzer, B. J., Hooker, S. M., Hosokai, T., Irman, A., Jaroszynski, D. A., Jaster-Merz, S., Joshi, C., Kaluza, M. C., Kando, M., Karger, O. S., Karsch, S., Khazanov, E., Khikhlukha, D., Knetsch, A., Kocon, D., Koester, P., Kononenko, O., Korn, G., Kostyukov, I., Labate, L., Lechner, C., Leemans, W. P., Lehrach, A., Li, F. Y., Li, X., Libov, V., Lifschitz, A., Litvinenko, V., Lu, W., Maier, A. R., Malka, V., Manahan, G. G., Mangles, S. P. D., Marchetti, B., Marocchino, A., Martinez De La Ossa, A., Martins, J. L., Massimo, F., Mathieu, F., Maynard, G., Mehrling, T. J., Molodozhentsev, A. Y., Mosnier, A., Mostacci, A., Mueller, A. S., Najmudin, Z., Nghiem, P. A. P., Nguyen, F., Niknejadi, P., Osterhoff, J., Papadopoulos, D., Patrizi, B., Pattathil, R., Petrillo, V., Pocsai, M. A., Poder, K., Pompili, R., Pribyl, L., Pugacheva, D., Romeo, S., Rossi, A. R., Roussel, E., Sahai, A. A., Scherkl, P., Schramm, U., Schroeder, C. B., Schwindling, J., Scifo, J., Serafini, L., Sheng, Z. M., Silva, L. O., Silva, T., Simon, C., Sinha, U., Specka, A., Streeter, M. J. V., Svystun, E. N., Symes, D., Szwaj, C., Tauscher, G., Thomas, A. G. R., Thompson, N., Toci, G., Tomassini, P., Vaccarezza, C., Vannini, M., Vieira, J. M., Villa, F., Wahlström, C-G, Walczak, R., Weikum, M. K., Welsch, C. P., Wiemann, C., Wolfenden, J., Xia, G., Yabashi, M., Yu, L., Zhu, J., and Zigler, A.

Subjects
7. Clean energy
Abstract

Journal of physics / Conference Series 874, 012029 -(2017). doi:10.1088/1742-6596/874/1/012029, Published by IOP Publ., Bristol

35. EuPRAXIA Conceptual Design Report

Author

Assmann, R. W., Weikum, M. K., Akhter, T., Alesini, D., Alexandrova, A. S., Anania, M. P., Andreev, N. E., Andriyash, I., Artioli, M., Aschikhin, A., Audet, T., Bacci, A., Barna, I. F., Bartocci, S., Bayramian, A., Beaton, A., Beck, A., Bellaveglia, M., Beluze, A., Bernhard, A., Biagioni, A., Bielawski, S., Bisesto, F. G., Bonatto, A., Boulton, L., Brandi, F., Brinkmann, R., Briquez, F., Brottier, F., Bründermann, E., Büscher, M., Buonomo, B., Bussmann, M. H., Bussolino, G., Campana, P., Cantarella, S., Cassou, K., Chancé, A., Chen, M., Chiadroni, E., Cianchi, A., Cioeta, F., Clarke, J. A., Cole, J. M., Costa, G., Couprie, M. -E., Cowley, J., Croia, M., Cros, B., Crump, P. A., D’Arcy, R., Dattoli, G., Del Dotto, A., Delerue, N., Del Franco, M., Delinikolas, P., De Nicola, S., Dias, J. M., Di Giovenale, D., Diomede, M., Di Pasquale, E., Di Pirro, G., Di Raddo, G., Dorda, U., Erlandson, A. C., Ertel, K., Esposito, A., Falcoz, F., Falone, A., Fedele, R., Ferran Pousa, A., Ferrario, M., Filippi, F., Fils, Jerome, Fiore, G., Fiorito, R., Fonseca, R. A., Franzini, G., Galimberti, M., Gallo, A., Galvin, T. C., Ghaith, A., Ghigo, A., Giove, D., Giribono, A., Gizzi, L. A., Grüner, F. J., Habib, A. F., Haefner, C., Heinemann, T., Helm, A., Hidding, B., Holzer, B. J., Hooker, S. M., Hosokai, T., Hübner, M., Ibison, M., Incremona, S., Irman, A., Iungo, F., Jafarinia, F. J., Jakobsson, O., Jaroszynski, D. A., Jaster-Merz, S., Joshi, C., Kaluza, M., Kando, M., Karger, O. S., Karsch, S., Khazanov, E., Khikhlukha, D., Kirchen, M., Kirwan, G., Kitégi, C., Knetsch, A., Kocon, D., Koester, P., Kononenko, O. S., Korn, G., Kostyukov, I., Kruchinin, K. O., Labate, L., Le Blanc, C., Lechner, C., Lee, P., Leemans, W., Lehrach, A., Li, X., Li, Y., Libov, V., Lifschitz, A., Lindstrøm, C. A., Litvinenko, V., Lu, W., Lundh, O., Maier, A. R., Malka, V., Manahan, G. G., Mangles, S. P. D., Marcelli, A., Marchetti, B., Marcouillé, O., Marocchino, A., Marteau, F., Martinez De La Ossa, A., Martins, J. L., Mason, P. D., Massimo, F., Mathieu, F., Maynard, G., Mazzotta, Z., Mironov, S., Molodozhentsev, A. Y., Morante, S., Mosnier, A., Mostacci, A., Müller, A. -S., Murphy, C. D., Najmudin, Z., Nghiem, P. A. P., Nguyen, F., Niknejadi, P., Nutter, A., Osterhoff, J., Oumbarek Espinos, D., Paillard, J. -L., Papadopoulos, D. N., Patrizi, B., Pattathil, R., Pellegrino, L., Petralia, A., Petrillo, V., Piersanti, L., Pocsai, M. A., Poder, K., Pompili, R., Pribyl, L., Pugacheva, D., Reagan, B. A., Resta-Lopez, J., Ricci, R., Romeo, S., Rossetti Conti, M., Rossi, A. R., Rossmanith, R., Rotundo, U., Roussel, E., Sabbatini, L., Santangelo, P., Sarri, G., Schaper, L., Scherkl, P., Schramm, U., Schroeder, C. B., Scifo, J., Serafini, L., Sharma, G., Sheng, Z. M., Shpakov, V., Siders, C. W., Silva, L. O., Silva, T., Simon, C., Simon-Boisson, C., Sinha, U., Sistrunk, E., Specka, A., Spinka, T. M., Stecchi, A., Stella, A., Stellato, F., Streeter, M. J. V., Sutherland, A., Svystun, E. N., Symes, D., Szwaj, C., Tauscher, G. E., Terzani, D., Toci, G., Tomassini, P., Torres, R., Ullmann, D., Vaccarezza, C., Valléau, M., Vannini, M., Vannozzi, A., Vescovi, S., Vieira, J. M., Villa, F., Wahlström, C. -G., Walczak, R., Walker, P. A., Wang, K., Welsch, A., Welsch, C. P., Weng, S. M., Wiggins, S. M., Wolfenden, J., Xia, G., Yabashi, M., Zhang, H., Zhao, Y., Zhu, J., and Zigler, A.

Subjects
7. Clean energy
Abstract

European physical journal special topics 229(24), 3675 - 4284 (2020). doi:10.1140/epjst/e2020-000127-8, Published by Springer, Heidelberg

36. Horizon 2020 EuPRAXIA design study

Author

Walker, P. A., Alesini, P. D., Alexandrova, A. S., Anania, M. P., Andreev, N. E., Andriyash, I., Aschikhin, A., Assmann, R. W., Audet, T., Bacci, A., Barna, I. F., Beaton, A., Beck, A., Beluze, A., Bernhard, A., Bielawski, S., Bisesto, F. G., Boedewadt, J., Brandi, F., Bringer, O., Brinkmann, R., Bründermann, E., Büscher, M., Bussmann, M., Bussolino, G. C., Chance, A., Chanteloup, J. C., Chen, Min, Chiadroni, E., Cianchi, A., Clarke, J., Cole, J., Couprie, M. E., Croia, M., Cros, B., Dale, J., Dattoli, G., Delerue, N., Delferriere, O., Delinikolas, P., Dias, J., Dorda, U., Ertel, K., Ferran Pousa, A., Ferrario, M., Filippi, F., Fils, J., Fiorito, R., Fonseca, R. A., Galimberti, M., Gallo, A., Garzella, D., Gastinel, P., Giove, D., Giribono, A., Gizzi, L. A., Gruener, Florian, Habib, A. F., Haefner, L. C., Heinemann, T., Hidding, B., Holzer, Bernhard, Hooker, S. M., Hosokai, T., Irman, A., Jaroszynski, D. A., Jaster-Merz, S., Joshi, C., Kaluza, M. C., Kando, M., Karger, O. S., Karsch, S., Khazanov, E., Khikhlukha, D., Knetsch, A., Kocon, D., Koester, P., Kononenko, O., Korn, G., Kostyukov, I., Labate, L., Lechner, C., Leemans, W. P., Lehrach, A., Li, F. Y., Li, X., Libov, V., Lifschitz, A., Litvinenko, V., Lu, W., Maier, Andreas, Malka, V., Manahan, G. G., Mangles, S. P. D., Marchetti, Barbara, Marocchino, A., Martinez De La Ossa, A., Martins, J. L., Massimo, F., Mathieu, F., Maynard, G., Mehrling, T. J., Molodozhentsev, A. Y., Mosnier, A., Mostacci, A., Mueller, A. S., Najmudin, Z., Nghiem, P. A. P., Nguyen, F., Niknejadi, P., Osterhoff, J., Papadopoulos, D., Patrizi, B., Pattathil, R., Petrillo, V., Pocsai, M. A., Poder, K., Pompili, R., Pribyl, L., Pugacheva, D., Romeo, S., Rossi, A. R., Roussel, E., Sahai, A. A., Scherkl, P., Schramm, U., Schroeder, C. B., Schwindling, J., Scifo, J., Serafini, L., Sheng, Z. M., Silva, L. O., Silva, T., Simon, C., Sinha, U., Specka, A., Streeter, M. J. V., Svystun, E. N., Symes, D., Szwaj, C., Tauscher, G., Thomas, A. G. R., Thompson, N., Toci, G., Tomassini, P., Vaccarezza, C., Vannini, M., Vieira, J. M., Villa, F., Wahlström, C-G, Walczak, R., Weikum, Maria, Welsch, C. P., Wiemann, C., Wolfenden, J., Xia, G., Yabashi, M., Yu, L., Zhu, Jun, and Zigler, A.

Subjects
7. Clean energy
Abstract

8th International Particle Accelerator Conference, IPAC17, Copenhagen, Denmark, 15 May 2017 - 19 May 2017 ; Journal of physics / Conference Series 874, 012029 (2017). doi:10.1088/1742-6596/874/1/012029, The Horizon 2020 Project EuPRAXIA ("European Plasma Research Accelerator with eXcellence In Applications") is preparing a conceptual design report of a highly compact and cost-effective European facility with multi-GeV electron beams using plasma as the acceleration medium. The accelerator facility will be based on a laser and/or a beam driven plasma acceleration approach and will be used for photon science, high-energy physics (HEP) detector tests, and other applications such as compact X-ray sources for medical imaging or material processing. EuPRAXIA started in November 2015 and will deliver the design report in October 2019. EuPRAXIA aims to be included on the ESFRI roadmap in 2020., Published by IOP Publ., Bristol

43. EuPRAXIA conceptual design report

Author

Ke Wang, A. Y. Molodozhentsev, L. Boulton, Barbara Marchetti, Maria Weikum, Giuseppe Dattoli, Ulrich Schramm, P. Delinikolas, Victor Malka, T. L. Audet, Anna Giribono, Cristina Vaccarezza, Erik Bründermann, Marco Bellaveglia, Fernando Brandi, Vladimir Shpakov, F. Massimo, Dimitris N. Papadopoulos, D. Ullmann, Manuel Kirchen, Christophe Simon-Boisson, Axel Bernhard, Luca Piersanti, Marco Galimberti, Masaki Kando, Federico Nguyen, Suming Weng, Dario Giove, Thomas M. Spinka, Barbara Patrizi, A. Ghigo, R. Pattathil, M. A. Pocsai, Arie Irman, A. Chancé, Y. Zhao, Hao Zhang, Zulfikar Najmudin, Vladimir Litvinenko, Fabrice Marteau, G. Kirwan, U. Rotundo, Florian Grüner, L. O. Silva, F. Falcoz, Joana Luis Martins, D. Alesini, D. Khikhlukha, Francesco Iungo, Z. Mazzotta, Angelo Biagioni, A. F. Habib, Wim Leemans, S. Jaster-Merz, Alessandro Vannozzi, Leonida A. Gizzi, Fabien Briquez, S. Bartocci, Petra Koester, Tamina Akhter, Phu Anh Phi Nghiem, G. C. Bussolino, Jorge Vieira, Adolfo Esposito, D. Di Giovenale, Jens Osterhoff, Sergio Cantarella, Kristjan Poder, Bernhard Holzer, Nicolas Delerue, Brigitte Cros, Fabio Villa, Igor Andriyash, Alessandro Stecchi, Paul Crump, Sally Wiggins, Constantin Haefner, A. Del Dotto, Oscar Jakobsson, Alessandro Gallo, Emily Sistrunk, G. Di Pirro, Olena Kononenko, Yang Li, P. Campana, A. Martinez de la Ossa, Anke-Susanne Müller, Christoph Lechner, Brendan A. Reagan, Stuart Mangles, Andrew Sutherland, D. Kocon, E. N. Svystun, Simon M. Hooker, Ruggero Ricci, Javier Resta-López, C. D. Murphy, R. Walczak, Dino A. Jaroszynski, M. Yabashi, Chan Joshi, P. Santangelo, Maria Pia Anania, Konstantin Kruchinin, C. Simon, M. Hübner, C. A. Lindstrøm, Markus Büscher, Ulrich Dorda, J. Wolfenden, Alvin C. Erlandson, G. Korn, Sergey Mironov, Alessandro Rossi, Carl Schroeder, Zheng-Ming Sheng, Olle Lundh, T. Silva, Lucas Schaper, A. Ferran Pousa, M. Del Franco, Audrey Beluze, M. H. Bussmann, Alberto Marocchino, Gilles Maynard, Min Chen, Andrea Mostacci, Alexander Knetsch, Renato Fedele, M. Rossetti Conti, Amin Ghaith, G. Costa, R. Brinkmann, Gaetano Fiore, Claes-Göran Wahlström, J. Fils, Luca Serafini, Fabrizio Bisesto, J. Cowley, X. Li, Andreas Lehrach, Augusto Marcelli, Vittoria Petrillo, M. Ibison, Antonio Falone, A. Beck, Bruno Buonomo, D. Oumbarek Espinos, Daria Pugacheva, Stefan Karsch, A. Beaton, A. Nutter, Carsten Welsch, F. Mathieu, Christophe Szwaj, R. Fiorito, Paul Scherkl, C. Le Blanc, Arie Zigler, J. Scifo, Malte C. Kaluza, Craig W. Siders, Angelo Stella, Mathieu Valléau, Ujjwal Sinha, M. J. V. Streeter, A. Welsch, Efim A. Khazanov, Eléonore Roussel, Gianluca Sarri, Lucia Sabbatini, Silvia Morante, T. Heinemann, A. Aschikhin, G. Di Raddo, L. Pribyl, S. Romeo, Alberto Bacci, N. E. Andreev, Matteo Vannini, A. Bonatto, Francesco Filippi, Klaus Ertel, Riccardo Pompili, Ricardo Fonseca, Olivier Marcouillé, E. Di Pasquale, Jason Cole, M. Artioli, R. D'Arcy, Giovanni Franzini, Marco Diomede, Andreas Maier, I. Kostyukov, A. Specka, Serge Bielawski, Wei Lu, F. Cioeta, A. Mosnier, Grace Manahan, S. Vescovi, Alessandro Cianchi, P. Niknejadi, Francesco Stellato, Luigi Pellegrino, Oliver Karger, A. Helm, Bernhard Hidding, Paolo Tomassini, J. A. Clarke, A. Petralia, Davide Terzani, Enrica Chiadroni, Ralph Assmann, Alexandra Alexandrova, Paul Mason, R. Rossmanith, Jun Zhu, Thomas C. Galvin, R. Torres, Agustin Lifschitz, M. E. Couprie, Massimo Ferrario, F. Brottier, S. De Nicola, Kevin Cassou, Tomonao Hosokai, Andy J. Bayramian, J. L. Paillard, Gabriele Tauscher, P. A. Walker, Geetanjali Sharma, P. Lee, Guido Toci, Farzad Jafarinia, Simona Incremona, Imre Ferenc Barna, Charles Kitegi, D. R. Symes, M. Croia, Vladyslav Libov, J. M. Dias, Guoxing Xia, L. Labate, Assmann, R. W., Weikum, M. K., Akhter, T., Alesini, D., Alexandrova, A. S., Anania, M. P., Andreev, N. E., Andriyash, I., Artioli, M., Aschikhin, A., Audet, T., Bacci, A., Barna, I. F., Bartocci, S., Bayramian, A., Beaton, A., Beck, A., Bellaveglia, M., Beluze, A., Bernhard, A., Biagioni, A., Bielawski, S., Bisesto, F. G., Bonatto, A., Boulton, L., Brandi, F., Brinkmann, R., Briquez, F., Brottier, F., Brundermann, E., Buscher, M., Buonomo, B., Bussmann, M. H., Bussolino, G., Campana, P., Cantarella, S., Cassou, K., Chance, A., Chen, M., Chiadroni, E., Cianchi, A., Cioeta, F., Clarke, J. A., Cole, J. M., Costa, G., Couprie, M. -E., Cowley, J., Croia, M., Cros, B., Crump, P. A., D'Arcy, R., Dattoli, G., Del Dotto, A., Delerue, N., Del Franco, M., Delinikolas, P., De Nicola, S., Dias, J. M., Di Giovenale, D., Diomede, M., Di Pasquale, E., Di Pirro, G., Di Raddo, G., Dorda, U., Erlandson, A. C., Ertel, K., Esposito, A., Falcoz, F., Falone, A., Fedele, R., Ferran Pousa, A., Ferrario, M., Filippi, F., Fils, J., Fiore, G., Fiorito, R., Fonseca, R. A., Franzini, G., Galimberti, M., Gallo, A., Galvin, T. C., Ghaith, A., Ghigo, A., Giove, D., Giribono, A., Gizzi, L. A., Gruner, F. J., Habib, A. F., Haefner, C., Heinemann, T., Helm, A., Hidding, B., Holzer, B. J., Hooker, S. M., Hosokai, T., Hubner, M., Ibison, M., Incremona, S., Irman, A., Iungo, F., Jafarinia, F. J., Jakobsson, O., Jaroszynski, D. A., Jaster-Merz, S., Joshi, C., Kaluza, M., Kando, M., Karger, O. S., Karsch, S., Khazanov, E., Khikhlukha, D., Kirchen, M., Kirwan, G., Kitegi, C., Knetsch, A., Kocon, D., Koester, P., Kononenko, O. S., Korn, G., Kostyukov, I., Kruchinin, K. O., Labate, L., Le Blanc, C., Lechner, C., Lee, P., Leemans, W., Lehrach, A., Li, X., Li, Y., Libov, V., Lifschitz, A., Lindstrom, C. A., Litvinenko, V., Lu, W., Lundh, O., Maier, A. R., Malka, V., Manahan, G. G., Mangles, S. P. D., Marcelli, A., Marchetti, B., Marcouille, O., Marocchino, A., Marteau, F., Martinez de la Ossa, A., Martins, J. L., Mason, P. D., Massimo, F., Mathieu, F., Maynard, G., Mazzotta, Z., Mironov, S., Molodozhentsev, A. Y., Morante, S., Mosnier, A., Mostacci, A., Muller, A. -S., Murphy, C. D., Najmudin, Z., Nghiem, P. A. P., Nguyen, F., Niknejadi, P., Nutter, A., Osterhoff, J., Oumbarek Espinos, D., Paillard, J. -L., Papadopoulos, D. N., Patrizi, B., Pattathil, R., Pellegrino, L., Petralia, A., Petrillo, V., Piersanti, L., Pocsai, M. A., Poder, K., Pompili, R., Pribyl, L., Pugacheva, D., Reagan, B. A., Resta-Lopez, J., Ricci, R., Romeo, S., Rossetti Conti, M., Rossi, A. R., Rossmanith, R., Rotundo, U., Roussel, E., Sabbatini, L., Santangelo, P., Sarri, G., Schaper, L., Scherkl, P., Schramm, U., Schroeder, C. B., Scifo, J., Serafini, L., Sharma, G., Sheng, Z. M., Shpakov, V., Siders, C. W., Silva, L. O., Silva, T., Simon, C., Simon-Boisson, C., Sinha, U., Sistrunk, E., Specka, A., Spinka, T. M., Stecchi, A., Stella, A., Stellato, F., Streeter, M. J. V., Sutherland, A., Svystun, E. N., Symes, D., Szwaj, C., Tauscher, G. E., Terzani, D., Toci, G., Tomassini, P., Torres, R., Ullmann, D., Vaccarezza, C., Valleau, M., Vannini, M., Vannozzi, A., Vescovi, S., Vieira, J. M., Villa, F., Wahlstrom, C. -G., Walczak, R., Walker, P. A., Wang, K., Welsch, A., Welsch, C. P., Weng, S. M., Wiggins, S. M., Wolfenden, J., Xia, G., Yabashi, M., Zhang, H., Zhao, Y., Zhu, J., Zigler, A., Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron [Hamburg] (DESY), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Napoli (INFN, Sezione di Napoli), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati (LNF), Laboratoire d'optique appliquée (LOA), École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées (ENSTA Paris)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Engineering & Physical Science Research Council (EPSRC), Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), and EuPRAXIA

Subjects
Technology, electron: energy, AMPLIFIED SPONTANEOUS-EMISSION, wake field [plasma], General Physics and Astronomy, costs, plasma: wake field, free electron laser, GeV, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, wake field [acceleration], 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, Laser technology, acceleration: wake field, Conceptual design, FREE-ELECTRON LASER, AT-SPARC-LAB, law, IN-CELL CODE, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-PLASM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Plasma Physics [physics.plasm-ph], PLASMA-WAKEFIELD ACCELERATION, General Materials Science, LATERAL SHEARING INTERFEROMETRY, media_common, Applied Physics, Settore FIS/01, 02 Physical Sciences, T1, light source, Physics, Settore FIS/07, accelerator: plasma, Schedule (project management), Physical Sciences, Systems engineering, positron, Plasma acceleration, X rays, compact accelerators, performance, WAKE-FIELD ACCELERATION, X-RAY SOURCE, Project implementation, Fluids & Plasmas, Physics, Multidisciplinary, accelerator [electron], Physics and Astronomy(all), HIGH PEAK POWER, electron: accelerator, horizon, medicine: imaging, X-ray, accelerators, Materials Science(all), 0103 physical sciences, media_common.cataloged_instance, ddc:530, European union, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, 010306 general physics, energy [electron], 01 Mathematical Sciences, plasma: acceleration, acceleration [plasma], Electron energy, Science & Technology, imaging [medicine], plasma [accelerator], Particle accelerator, plasmas, Accelerators and Storage Rings, laser, Automatic Keywords, gamma ray, linear collider, ddc:600, CHIRPED-PULSE AMPLIFICATION
Abstract

European physical journal special topics 229(24), 3675 - 4284 (2020). doi:10.1140/epjst/e2020-000127-8, This report presents the conceptual design of a new European research infrastructure EuPRAXIA. The concept has been established over the last four years in a unique collaboration of 41 laboratories within a Horizon 2020 design study funded by the European Union. EuPRAXIA is the first European project that develops a dedicated particle accelerator research infrastructure based on novel plasma acceleration concepts and laser technology. It focuses on the development of electron accelerators and underlying technologies, their user communities, and the exploitation of existing accelerator infrastructures in Europe. EuPRAXIA has involved, amongst others, the international laser community and industry to build links and bridges with accelerator science — through realising synergies, identifying disruptive ideas, innovating, and fostering knowledge exchange. The Eu-PRAXIA project aims at the construction of an innovative electron accelerator using laser- and electron-beam-driven plasma wakefield acceleration that offers a significant reduction in size and possible savings in cost over current state-of-the-art radiofrequency-based accelerators. The foreseen electron energy range of one to five gigaelectronvolts (GeV) and its performance goals will enable versatile applications in various domains, e.g. as a compact free-electron laser (FEL), compact sources for medical imaging and positron generation, table-top test beams for particle detectors, as well as deeply penetrating X-ray and gamma-ray sources for material testing. EuPRAXIA is designed to be the required stepping stone to possible future plasma-based facilities, such as linear colliders at the high-energy physics (HEP) energy frontier. Consistent with a high-confidence approach, the project includes measures to retire risk by establishing scaled technology demonstrators. This report includes preliminary models for project implementation, cost and schedule that would allow operation of the full Eu-PRAXIA facility within 8—10 years., Published by Springer, Heidelberg

Published
2020
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44. EuPRAXIA - A Compact, Cost-Efficient Particle and Radiation Source

Author

C. D. Murphy, Markus Büscher, Gabriele Tauscher, Malte C. Kaluza, Dino A. Jaroszynski, O. Delferrière, P. A. Walker, C. Simon, M. Hübner, Petra Koester, Bernhard Hidding, Paolo Tomassini, Arnaud Beck, F. Filippi, J. A. Clarke, Arie Irman, Daria Pugacheva, Alessandro Cianchi, Marco Galimberti, P. Gastinel, S. De Nicola, G. C. Bussolino, Paul Scherkl, M. J. V. Streeter, Enrica Chiadroni, Feiyu Li, Joana Luis Martins, Efim A. Khazanov, Masaki Kando, Barbara Marchetti, S. Romeo, Alberto Bacci, R. Rossmanith, Jason Cole, O. Kononenko, J. Scifo, Grace Manahan, P. D. Alesini, Maria Weikum, A. Ferran Pousa, Tomonao Hosokai, Gilles Maynard, A. F. Habib, J. C. Chanteloup, Jorge Vieira, Stuart Mangles, Cristina Vaccarezza, Alexandra Alexandrova, Anna Giribono, Paul Mason, Jun Zhu, N.R. Thompson, A. Lifschitz, Ujjwal Sinha, Lucas Schaper, La Gizzi, Stefan Karsch, Axel Bernhard, L. Pribyl, Ulrich Schramm, Florian Grüner, Christoph Lechner, Federico Nguyen, Andreas Maier, Timon Mehrling, F. Massimo, A. Beluze, Andreas Lehrach, A. Aschikhin, M. Yabashi, David Garzella, Erik Bründermann, T. Silva, Simon M. Hooker, Brigitte Cros, A. Chancé, Vittoria Petrillo, Aakash A. Sahai, Gaetano Fiore, Fabrizio Bisesto, Alexander Knetsch, Renato Fedele, X. Li, A. Martinez de la Ossa, Maria Pia Anania, Konstantin Kruchinin, Kristjan Poder, I. Kostyukov, Wei Lu, G. Korn, Vladimir Litvinenko, Phu Anh Phi Nghiem, Bernhard Holzer, P. Niknejadi, Nicolas Delerue, Massimo Ferrario, Gianluca Sarri, Igor Andriyash, A. Marocchino, Z. Mazzotta, N. E. Andreev, Wim Leemans, S. Jaster-Merz, Carl Schroeder, Andrea Mostacci, C. Joshi, Fabio Villa, Ralph Assmann, R. Torres, Serge Bielawski, P. P. Rajeev, Farzad Jafarinia, Dario Giove, Michael Bussmann, J. Fils, Ulrich Dorda, M. Croia, J. Schwindling, O. Bringer, Guoxing Xia, T. Akhter, D. Terzani, J. Wolfenden, D. Kocon, Carsten Welsch, M. E. Couprie, F. Mathieu, E. N. Svystun, R. Brinkmann, Claes-Göran Wahlström, Ricardo Fonseca, Oliver Karger, C. Szwaj, T. L. Audet, D. Ullmann, Anke-Susanne Müller, Min Chen, A. Gallo, A. Specka, Barbara Patrizi, Jens Osterhoff, P. Delinikolas, Luca Serafini, T. Heinemann, A. Beaton, Arie Zigler, A. Y. Molodozhentsev, Eléonore Roussel, Matteo Vannini, Riccardo Pompili, Giuseppe Dattoli, Victor Malka, M. A. Pocsai, M. Rossetti Conti, D. Khikhlukha, Fernando Brandi, Lujie Yu, Zulfikar Najmudin, Luis O. Silva, Paul Crump, Zheng-Ming Sheng, Guido Toci, Imre Ferenc Barna, D. R. Symes, Vladyslav Libov, L. Labate, Roman Walczak, Andrea Rossi, D. Papadopoulos, João Dias, K. Wang, Olle Lundh, Floyd McDaniel, Gary Glass, Barney Doyle, Arlyn Antolak and Yongqiang Wang, Weikum, M. K., Akhter, T., Alesini, P. D., Alexandrova, A. S., Anania, M. P., Andreev, N. E., Andriyash, I., Aschikhin, A., Assmann, R. W., Audet, T., Bacci, A., Barna, I. F., Beaton, A., Beck, A., Beluze, A., Bernhard, A., Bielawski, S., Bisesto, F. G., Brandi, F., Bringer, O., Brinkmann, R., Bründermann, E., Büscher, M., Bussmann, M., Bussolino, G. C., Chance, A., Chanteloup, J. C., Chen, M., Chiadroni, E., Cianchi, A., Clarke, J., Cole, J., Couprie, M. E., Croia, M., Cros, B., Crump, P., Dattoli, G., Delerue, N., Delferriere, O., Delinikolas, P., De Nicola, S., Dias, J., Dorda, U., Fedele, R., Pousa, A. Ferran, Ferrario, M., Filippi, F., Fils, J., Fiore, G., Fonseca, R. A., Galimberti, M., Gallo, A., Garzella, D., Gastinel, P., Giove, D., Giribono, A., Gizzi, L. A., Grüner, F. J., Habib, A. F., Heinemann, T., Hidding, B., Holzer, B. J., Hooker, S. M., Hosokai, T., Hübner, M., Irman, A., Jafarinia, F., Jaroszynski, D. A., Jaster-Merz, S., Joshi, C., Kaluza, M. C., Kando, M., Karger, O. S., Karsch, S., Khazanov, E., Khikhlukha, D., Knetsch, A., Kocon, D., Koester, P., Kononenko, O., Korn, G., Kostyukov, I., Kruchinin, K., Labate, L., Lechner, C., Leemans, W. P., Lehrach, A., Li, F. Y., Li, X., Libov, V., Lifschitz, A., Litvinenko, V., Lu, W., Lundh, O., Maier, A. R., Malka, V., Manahan, G. G., Mangles, S. P. D., Marchetti, B., Marocchino, A., de la Ossa, A. Martinez, Martins, J. L., Mason, P., Massimo, F., Mathieu, F., Maynard, G., Mazzotta, Z., Mehrling, T. J., Molodozhentsev, A. Y., Mostacci, A., Müller, A. S., Murphy, C. D., Najmudin, Z., Nghiem, P. A. P., Nguyen, F., Niknejadi, P., Osterhoff, J., Papadopoulos, D., Patrizi, B., Petrillo, V., Pocsai, M. A., Poder, K., Pompili, R., Pribyl, L., Pugacheva, D., Romeo, S., Rajeev, P. P., Conti, M. Rossetti, Rossi, A. R., Rossmanith, R., Roussel, E., Sahai, A. A., Sarri, G., Schaper, L., Scherkl, P., Schramm, U., Schroeder, C. B., Schwindling, J., Scifo, J., Serafini, L., Sheng, Z. M., Silva, L. O., Silva, T., Simon, C., Sinha, U., Specka, A., Streeter, M. J. V., Svystun, E. N., Symes, D., Szwaj, C., Tauscher, G., Terzani, D., Thompson, N., Toci, G., Tomassini, P., Torres, R., Ullmann, D., Vaccarezza, C., Vannini, M., Vieira, J. M., Villa, F., Wahlström, C. -G., Walczak, R., Walker, P. A., Wang, K., Welsch, C. P., Wolfenden, J., Xia, G., Yabashi, M., Yu, L., Zhu, J., Zigler, A., Synchrotron SOLEIL (SSOLEIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de physique des gaz et des plasmas (LPGP), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire pour l'utilisation des lasers intenses (LULI), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules - UMR 8523 (PhLAM), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département des Accélérateurs, de Cryogénie et de Magnétisme (ex SACM) (DACM), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Brundermann, E., Buscher, M., Pousa, A. F., Gruner, F. J., Hubner, M., De La Ossa, A. M., Muller, A. S., Conti, M. R., and Wahlstrom, C. -G.

Subjects
Cost efficiency, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ACC-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Accelerator Physics [physics.acc-ph], Radiation, Plasma acceleration, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Plasmas, accelerators, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Particle acceleration, Conceptual design, 13. Climate action, 0103 physical sciences, Systems engineering, Particle, ddc:530, Laser beam quality, 010306 general physics, Plasmas (physics) | Lasers | Laser wakefield, Electrical efficiency, QC
Abstract

25th International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry, CAARI 2018, Texas, USA, 12 Aug 2018 - 17 Aug 2018; AIP conference proceedings 2160(1), 040012-1 - 040012-9 (2019). doi:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5127692, Plasma accelerators present one of the most suitable candidates for the development of more compact particle acceleration technologies, yet they still lag behind radiofrequency (RF)-based devices when it comes to beam quality, control, stability and power efficiency. The Horizon 2020-funded project EuPRAXIA (“European Plasma Research Accelerator with eXcellence In Applications”) aims to overcome the first three of these hurdles by developing a conceptual design for a first international user facility based on plasma acceleration. In this paper we report on the main features, simulation studies and potential applications of this future research infrastructure., Published by AIP Publishing, Melville, NY

Published
2019
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46. A ONECUT1 regulatory, non-coding region in pancreatic development and diabetes.

Author

Merz S, Senée V, Philippi A, Oswald F, Shaigan M, Führer M, Drewes C, Allgöwer C, Öllinger R, Heni M, Boland A, Deleuze JF, Birkhofer F, Gusmao EG, Wagner M, Hohwieler M, Breunig M, Rad R, Siebert R, Messerer DAC, Costa IG, Alvarez F, Julier C, Kleger A, and Heller S

Subjects
Humans, Diabetes Mellitus genetics, Diabetes Mellitus metabolism, Diabetes Mellitus pathology, Animals, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 genetics, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 metabolism, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 pathology, Enhancer Elements, Genetic genetics, Mice, Male, Mutation genetics, Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid genetics, Female, Pancreas metabolism, Pancreas pathology
Abstract

In a patient with permanent neonatal syndromic diabetes clinically similar to cases with ONECUT1 biallelic mutations, we identified a disease-causing deletion located upstream of ONECUT1. Through genetic, genomic, and functional studies, we identified a crucial regulatory region acting as an enhancer of ONECUT1 specifically during pancreatic development. This enhancer region contains a low-frequency variant showing a strong association with type 2 diabetes and other glycemic traits, thus extending the contribution of this region to common forms of diabetes. Clinical relevance is provided by experimentally tailored therapy options for patients carrying ONECUT1 coding or regulatory mutations., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests The authors declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2024
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47. Nuclear pleomorphism in canine cutaneous mast cell tumors: Comparison of reproducibility and prognostic relevance between estimates, manual morphometry, and algorithmic morphometry.

Author

Haghofer A, Parlak E, Bartel A, Donovan TA, Assenmacher CA, Bolfa P, Dark MJ, Fuchs-Baumgartinger A, Klang A, Jäger K, Klopfleisch R, Merz S, Richter B, Schulman FY, Janout H, Ganz J, Scharinger J, Aubreville M, Winkler SM, Kiupel M, and Bertram CA

Abstract

Variation in nuclear size and shape is an important criterion of malignancy for many tumor types; however, categorical estimates by pathologists have poor reproducibility. Measurements of nuclear characteristics can improve reproducibility, but current manual methods are time-consuming. The aim of this study was to explore the limitations of estimates and develop alternative morphometric solutions for canine cutaneous mast cell tumors (ccMCTs). We assessed the following nuclear evaluation methods for accuracy, reproducibility, and prognostic utility: (1) anisokaryosis estimates by 11 pathologists; (2) gold standard manual morphometry of at least 100 nuclei; (3) practicable manual morphometry with stratified sampling of 12 nuclei by 9 pathologists; and (4) automated morphometry using deep learning-based segmentation. The study included 96 ccMCTs with available outcome information. Inter-rater reproducibility of anisokaryosis estimates was low (k = 0.226), whereas it was good (intraclass correlation = 0.654) for practicable morphometry of the standard deviation (SD) of nuclear size. As compared with gold standard manual morphometry (area under the ROC curve [AUC] = 0.839, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.701-0.977), the prognostic value (tumor-specific survival) of SDs of nuclear area for practicable manual morphometry and automated morphometry were high with an AUC of 0.868 (95% CI = 0.737-0.991) and 0.943 (95% CI = 0.889-0.996), respectively. This study supports the use of manual morphometry with stratified sampling of 12 nuclei and algorithmic morphometry to overcome the poor reproducibility of estimates. Further studies are needed to validate our findings, determine inter-algorithmic reproducibility and algorithmic robustness, and explore tumor heterogeneity of nuclear features in entire tumor sections., Competing Interests: Declaration of Conflicting InterestsThe author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Published
2024
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48. Information mismatch in PHH3-assisted mitosis annotation leads to interpretation shifts in H&E slide analysis.

Author

Ganz J, Marzahl C, Ammeling J, Rosbach E, Richter B, Puget C, Denk D, Demeter EA, Tăbăran FA, Wasinger G, Lipnik K, Tecilla M, Valentine MJ, Dark MJ, Abele N, Bolfa P, Erber R, Klopfleisch R, Merz S, Donovan TA, Jabari S, Bertram CA, Breininger K, and Aubreville M

Subjects
Humans, Deep Learning, Algorithms, Reproducibility of Results, Staining and Labeling methods, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted methods, Mitosis, Histones metabolism
Abstract

The count of mitotic figures (MFs) observed in hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained slides is an important prognostic marker, as it is a measure for tumor cell proliferation. However, the identification of MFs has a known low inter-rater agreement. In a computer-aided setting, deep learning algorithms can help to mitigate this, but they require large amounts of annotated data for training and validation. Furthermore, label noise introduced during the annotation process may impede the algorithms' performance. Unlike H&E, where identification of MFs is based mainly on morphological features, the mitosis-specific antibody phospho-histone H3 (PHH3) specifically highlights MFs. Counting MFs on slides stained against PHH3 leads to higher agreement among raters and has therefore recently been used as a ground truth for the annotation of MFs in H&E. However, as PHH3 facilitates the recognition of cells indistinguishable from H&E staining alone, the use of this ground truth could potentially introduce an interpretation shift and even label noise into the H&E-related dataset, impacting model performance. This study analyzes the impact of PHH3-assisted MF annotation on inter-rater reliability and object level agreement through an extensive multi-rater experiment. Subsequently, MF detectors, including a novel dual-stain detector, were evaluated on the resulting datasets to investigate the influence of PHH3-assisted labeling on the models' performance. We found that the annotators' object-level agreement significantly increased when using PHH3-assisted labeling (F1: 0.53 to 0.74). However, this enhancement in label consistency did not translate to improved performance for H&E-based detectors, neither during the training phase nor the evaluation phase. Conversely, the dual-stain detector was able to benefit from the higher consistency. This reveals an information mismatch between the H&E and PHH3-stained images as the cause of this effect, which renders PHH3-assisted annotations not well-aligned for use with H&E-based detectors. Based on our findings, we propose an improved PHH3-assisted labeling procedure., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Published
2024
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49. Automated Nuclear Morphometry: A Deep Learning Approach for Prognostication in Canine Pulmonary Carcinoma to Enhance Reproducibility.

Author

Glahn I, Haghofer A, Donovan TA, Degasperi B, Bartel A, Kreilmeier-Berger T, Hyndman PS, Janout H, Assenmacher CA, Bartenschlager F, Bolfa P, Dark MJ, Klang A, Klopfleisch R, Merz S, Richter B, Schulman FY, Ganz J, Scharinger J, Aubreville M, Winkler SM, and Bertram CA

Abstract

The integration of deep learning-based tools into diagnostic workflows is increasingly prevalent due to their efficiency and reproducibility in various settings. We investigated the utility of automated nuclear morphometry for assessing nuclear pleomorphism (NP), a criterion of malignancy in the current grading system in canine pulmonary carcinoma (cPC), and its prognostic implications. We developed a deep learning-based algorithm for evaluating NP (variation in size, i.e., anisokaryosis and/or shape) using a segmentation model. Its performance was evaluated on 46 cPC cases with comprehensive follow-up data regarding its accuracy in nuclear segmentation and its prognostic ability. Its assessment of NP was compared to manual morphometry and established prognostic tests (pathologists' NP estimates ( n = 11), mitotic count, histological grading, and TNM-stage). The standard deviation (SD) of the nuclear area, indicative of anisokaryosis, exhibited good discriminatory ability for tumor-specific survival, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.80 and a hazard ratio (HR) of 3.38. The algorithm achieved values comparable to manual morphometry. In contrast, the pathologists' estimates of anisokaryosis resulted in HR values ranging from 0.86 to 34.8, with slight inter-observer reproducibility (k = 0.204). Other conventional tests had no significant prognostic value in our study cohort. Fully automated morphometry promises a time-efficient and reproducible assessment of NP with a high prognostic value. Further refinement of the algorithm, particularly to address undersegmentation, and application to a larger study population are required.

Published
2024
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50. What Self-Management Skills Do Turkish Caregivers Have in Caring for People with Dementia? Results of a Qualitative Survey.

Author

Yilmaz-Aslan Y, Annac K, Aksakal T, Yilmaz H, Merz S, Wahidie D, Razum O, Brzoska P, and Tezcan-Güntekin H

Abstract

Family caregivers can be overwhelmed by the care they provide within the family without external support. The development of self-management skills and the associated ability to actively and responsibly manage one's own health or illness situation therefore plays a vital role in the home care of people living with dementia. As part of an individualized intervention for family caregivers of people of Turkish origin with dementia, existing self-management skills were examined through qualitative interviews to gain insight into health literacy and empowerment in caregiving and in interviewees' own practices to maintain their health. Ten caregivers of Turkish origin who were responsible for family members living with dementia were interviewed using problem-centered interviews. We found that the target group has very heterogeneous self-management competencies, which are based, on the one hand, on existing supportive resources and, on the other hand, on diverse care-specific, psychosocial and life-world challenges in intrafamily care that have not been overcome. Self-management skills in family caregivers are influenced by a complex interplay of both available resources that support these skills and challenging caregiving situations. This dynamic combination of resources and challenges results in varying levels of self-management ability among family caregivers. Strengthening resources can help caregivers to meet the challenges resulting from caregiving and to expand their self-management competencies. There is great need for action in promoting self-management skills among Turkish caregivers of people living with dementia in home care. Interventions to promote self-management skills must take into account the individual resources of those affected as well as their social and cultural diversity.

Published
2024
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