22 results on '"Maulana, Jibril"'
Search Results
2. Analysis of the Addition of Nanographite on the Characteristics of Polylactic Acid Filaments Produced by Extrusion Process
- Author
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Nashrullah Fikri Munif, Suryanto Heru, Aminnudin Aminnudin, Bintara Redyarsa Dharma, and Maulana Jibril
- Subjects
Microbiology ,QR1-502 ,Physiology ,QP1-981 ,Zoology ,QL1-991 - Abstract
PLA-based filaments are often used as a basis for 3D printing, and efforts to improve the properties of PLA filaments are made into nanocomposite filaments. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adding nanographite on the surface morphology, the geometry of the filament roundness, and the functional groups present in the PLA/nanographite nanocomposite. The method used experimental research with variations in the addition of nanographite to PLA of 0.5wt%, 1wt%, and 1.5wt%. Nanographite was added into PLA by dissolving using chloroform, while filaments were produced using a single screw extruder. The roundness geometry was observed with an optical camera. The functional groups were analyzed with FTIR, and the morphology of the filament surface was observed with SEM. The results show that the addition of nanographite to PLA results in changes in functional groups, which indicate changes in chemical bonds with changes in peaks in the wavenumber range of 1000 – 2000 cm-1. The addition of nanographite makes the filament's morphology rougher due to agglomeration, which is spread unevenly. Analysis of the roundness of the nanocomposite filament diameters showed a difference in the average filament. The best filament diameter was a 0.5% nanographite sample with a roundness value of 99.02%.
- Published
- 2024
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- View/download PDF
3. Morphology and structure of sawdust waste after adding magnetic nanoparticles
- Author
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Suryanto Heru, Yanuhar Uun, Puspitasari Poppy, Aminnudin, Maulana Jibril, Caesar Nico Rahman, Binoj Joseph Selvi, and Osman Azlin Fazlina
- Subjects
Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
Sengon (Albizia chinensis) is a type of forest plant that grows quickly and is widely used to meet human needs. The large number of uses of Sengon wood causes sengon wood waste, such as sawdust, to increase. The study’s aim is to analyze the morphology and structure of sawdust waste after adding magnetic (Fe3O4) nanoparticles. The methods include collecting sawdust waste from wood (Sengon) was conducted by the crushing process to get smaller sawdust sizes. Alkalization was applied to sawdust and followed by a bleaching process. The powder is then immersed in a solution containing magnetic (Fe3O4) nanoparticles of 10wt%, and then dried. Sawdust composite powder the analyzed using X-ray diffraction and electron microscope instruments. The result indicates that magnetic nanoparticles deposit on sawdust powder and then make the powder become rougher. Higher content of magnetic nanoparticles causes higher agglomeration. The diffraction pattern with 2θ of 14, 16, and 22 indicates that the structure of sawdust is cellulose 1β. The degree of crystalline of sawdust powder reduces from 76.1% to 73.3% after adding magnetic nanoparticle. In the future, these composite powder results will develop as flocculants for wastewater treatment.
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- 2024
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4. Studies of crystallinity and morphology bacterial cellulose membrane with various addition graphene.
- Author
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Annas, Nafrizal, Suryanto, Heru, Aminnudin, Maulana, Jibril, and Yanuhar, Uun
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BACTERIAL cell walls ,GRAPHENE ,ACETOBACTER xylinum ,ALUMINUM foil ,CRYSTALLINITY ,CELLULOSE - Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is synthesized from extract of pineapple peel and Acetobacter xylinum as fermentation bacteria. This study aims to investigate the influence of graphene concentration on the morphology and crystalinity in bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) nanocomposites. To obtain bacterial nanocellulose (BNC), the previously manufactured pellicle BC was homogenized using a high-speed blender and a high-pressure homogenizer (HPH). Bacterial nanocellulose was combined with different concentrations of graphene (0.25, 0.5, and 1%), and then put into an ultrasonic homogenizer. Then, BNC-graphene solution was poured into a glass mold laminated with aluminium foil, and it was dried in an oven for 14 hours, 80°C. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the morphology of nanocomposites membrane. X-Ray Diffraction is used to investigate the crystallinity of nanocomposites membrane. The structure of BNC-graphene nanocomposites membrane become more compact, according to the synthesized results. A few peaks at 2θ of 14.5°, 16.6°, 22.7° are seen in the XRD analysis, as well as a graphene diffraction pattern peak at 2θ of 13.7°. Nanocomposites membrane's crystallinity was reduced after graphene was added when compared to nanocomposites membrane without graphene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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5. Morphology and structure of bacterial nanocellulose nanocomposite reinforced by titanium dioxide in presence of polyethylene glycol.
- Author
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Abdillah, Muhammad Rizky, Suryanto, Heru, Aminnudin, Sardjono, Susanto Arif, and Maulana, Jibril
- Subjects
POLYETHYLENE glycol ,TITANIUM dioxide ,COMPOSITE membranes (Chemistry) ,NANOCOMPOSITE materials ,MORPHOLOGY - Abstract
Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) composite membrane reinforced with titanium dioxide (TiO
2 ) and addition polyethylene glycol (PEG) were analyzed in the study. Bacterial cellulose (BC) pellicle from pineapple peel waste extract. BC pellicle was cleaned with 1% NaOH. BC was mashed with a blender and carried out a high-pressure homogenizer (HPH) method of 5 cycles at a pressure of 150 bar, filtered through a vacuum filter. Composite membrane synthesized 10 grams BNC, 1% TiO2 , and 1% PEG. All were mixed and dried in an oven for 14 hours at 80℃. Morphology and crystallinity were analyzed. SEM morphology of BNC membrane added with PEG made fibers look large because they were coated with PEG. BNC/ TiO2 added with PEG surfactant was able to disperse TiO2 evenly. Results of crystallinity membrane contained 4 diffraction peaks angle 2θ: 14.5°,16.8°, 22.6°, and 25.2°. Diffraction peaks BNC with BNC/PEG increase because PEG is a plasticizer making diffraction peaks larger. 1% TiO2 nanoparticles with the addition of 1% PEG caused crystallinity value and crystallinity index to decrease because the low interaction of PEG with TiO2 is hydrophobic, TiO2 is evenly dispersed in an aqueous solution and evenly distributed on the BNC matrix. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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6. Effect of titanium dioxide nanoparticles reinforcement in bacterial cellulose nanocomposites.
- Author
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Almalik, Rizki Eki, Suryanto, Heru, Amminudin, and Maulana, Jibril
- Subjects
TITANIUM dioxide nanoparticles ,CELLULOSE ,NANOCOMPOSITE materials ,SCANNING electron microscopy ,X-ray diffraction - Abstract
Bacterial Cellulose (BC) offers unique physical qualities such as high purity, crystallinity, and mechanical strength, as well as a high-water absorption capacity. Pineapple peel may be utilized as a source of cellulose, which is employed in a variety of applications. To improve the combination of BC and TiO
2 , TiO2 must be added, which affects the production of the cellulose membrane. The morphology of the membrane was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The membrane structure was studied using X-Ray Diffraction. SEM micrographs revealed that the control concentration increased the number of pores and had a small pore size of 81 nm, whereas the TiO2 concentration decreased the pore size. This drop is connected to the concentration increase. An XRD examination reveals the appearance of three peaks, the first at 14.12°, the second at 16.80°, and the third at 22.5°. The crystallinity index (Cl) and degree of crystallinity (Cr) increased with the addition of the specified concentration of TiO2 , with the crystallinity index (CI) ranging from 66.8% to 76.1% and the degree of crystallinity (Cr) ranging from 50.3% to 68.6%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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7. Influence of surfactant CTAB and Silane coupling agent on morphology and mechanical properties of Sansevieria cylindrica fiber.
- Author
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Wiguna, Chrisrulita S., Suryanto, Heru, Maulana, Jibril, and Aminnudin, Aminnudin
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SILANE coupling agents ,SILANE ,COUPLING agents (Chemistry) ,NATURAL fibers ,SURFACE active agents ,FIBERS ,ROUGH surfaces - Abstract
Chemical treatment is a standard method to improve natural fiber properties. Treatment using a chemical agent like Silane as Coupling Agent and CTAB (Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide) as a surfactant can improve the natural fiber properties. The current study aims to observe the fiber surface morphology and obtain the mechanical properties of Sansevieria cylindrica fiber after being treated with a silane coupling agent and surfactant CTAB. The research was conducted by chemical treatment using Silane 5.0% and CTAB 5.0% on S.cylindrica fiber extracted from about a year and lengths up to 110 cm. The tensile test was performed using a single fiber tensile test, and the surface morphology was observed under Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The results indicate that adding 5.0% silane coupling agent results in fiber strength of 281.5 MPa, elongation of 8.92%, and elastic modulus of 3.37 GPa. The addition of CTAB of 5.0% results in fiber strength of 237.4 MPa, elongation of 8.92%, and elastic modulus of 3.37 GPa. Increasing these properties has resulted from the bonding forming of silanols with hydroxyl groups of fiber. The morphology of the fiber surface shows a rough surface caused by removing impurities over the surface for the treatment of both coupling agents and CTAB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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8. Effect of screw speed on extrusion process on tensile properties and structure of recycled polylactic acid filament.
- Author
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Hafidz, Dzaky Alamsyah, Suryanto, Heru, Aminnudin, Nashrullah, Fikri Munif, and Maulana, Jibril
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POLYLACTIC acid ,EXTRUSION process ,FLOW instability ,SCREWS ,FIBERS ,MODULUS of elasticity - Abstract
Polylactic Acid (PLA) is a popular material for 3D printing. PLA has the advantage of being biodegradable and derived from renewable resources. This study aims to determine the characteristic of recycled PLA extruded at various screw speeds. The extrusion process used a twin-screw extruder with screw speed as an independent variable consisting of 4 different screw speeds: 50 rpm, 60 rpm, 70 rpm, and 80 rpm, while the pulling speed and temperature of extrusion as control variables. The dependent variables are cross-sectional area, tensile strength and modulus elasticity obtained from tensile tests, fracture morphology observed using SEM, and structure observed using XRD. Results show the average cross-sectional area of filament increases along with higher screw speed. The overall tensile strength graph shows an increase in the average tensile strength of filament as screw speed increases, except for a speed of 70 rpm, where there is a decrease. The elastic modulus graph shows an unstable increase caused by flow instability. The fracture morphology of the filament gets rougher and more fibrous as the screw speed increases. XRD analysis shows that recycled PLA filament indicates peaks at 2θ=18° to 20.5° in 4 variables and that different screw speeds do not change the crystal structure of PLA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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9. Effect of temperature on extrusion process on mechanical properties of recycled polylactic acid filaments.
- Author
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Pamilih, Bambang Joni, Suryanto, Heru, Aminnudin, Putra, Abyan Farras, and Maulana, Jibril
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POLYLACTIC acid ,EXTRUSION process ,TEMPERATURE effect ,RENEWABLE natural resources ,TENSILE tests ,FIBERS - Abstract
Polylactic acid is an aliphatic polyester used as an environmentally friendly packaging application. The advantages of PLA are that it is easy to decompose and renewable and is made from renewable natural resources. Therefore, the material is extruded at different barrel temperatures to determine the effect of increasing the barrel temperature. This study aims to determine the changes in the mechanical properties, morphology, and structure of the polylactic acid filament by extrusion process with different barrel temperatures in the heating zone. Recycling is done in the third extrusion with different barrel temperature zone variations. Investigation of mechanical properties was determined by static tensile test, fracture morphology analysis of tensile test using SEM. The tensile test results show a gradual increase in tensile strength at each increase in the barrel temperature zone, from 60.48 MPa to an increase of 66.71 MPa, but at high barrel temperatures, the tensile strength decreases to 60.74 MPa. Morphological analysis of the tensile test fracture samples showed morphological changes, where morphological defects in the form of fibrous, voids, and scaly appeared after increasing the barrel temperature. Therefore, the barrel temperature parameter is not recommended to exceed 200℃ during the extrusion process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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10. Structure and functional group of CuO nanoparticle-reinforced osmosis membrane based on bacterial cellulose from Sargassum sp. extract.
- Author
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Yanuhar, Uun, Suryanto, Heru, Amin, Muhamad, Maulana, Jibril, and Caesar, Nico Rahman
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BACTERIAL cell walls ,OSMOSIS ,CELLULOSE ,FUNCTIONAL groups ,COPPER oxide ,REVERSE osmosis process (Sewage purification) ,CERAMIALES ,REVERSE osmosis - Abstract
Osmosis membranes have been widely used in industries for water purification, wastewater treatment, and biomedical applications. However, the current membranes still have some drawbacks, such as water flow resistance and vulnerability to fouling. Therefore, the development of more efficient and durable osmosis membranes is highly necessary. In this research, the researchers used bacterial nanocellulose extracted from Sargassum sp. as a material for producing more efficient osmosis membranes. The methods used in this study were experiments with two treatments: (1) control, and (2) Bacterial cellulose with a concentration of 1.0 wt% CuO nanoparticles. The nanocellulose was produced using a high-pressure homogenizer, followed by the synthesis of acetate nanocellulose and characterization of the nanocomposite membrane functionalized with CuO nanoparticles. The membranes were characterized using FTIR and XRD analysis. Bacterial cellulose from seaweed was successfully formed with a thickness of 1-3 cm. The results of the characterization analysis showed that the formed bacterial cellulose belonged to Cellulose type I with a crystalline degree ranging from 88.7% to 85.7%. The dry osmosis membranes were analyzed based on their functional groups using FTIR. The analysis revealed changes in transmittance at the peaks of O-H at wavenumbers 3122-3414 and Cu-O at wavenumber 424-673, resulting from the addition of CuO nanoparticles and causing changes in the value of the O-H bond in bacterial cellulose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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11. Structure of bacterial nanocellulose membrane reinforced by zinc oxide nanoparticles.
- Author
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Suryanto, Heru, Yanuhar, Uun, Wijaya, Husni Wahyu, Efendi, Sahrul, Aldin, Aldin, Nusantara, Fajar, and Maulana, Jibril
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BACTERIAL cell walls ,ZINC oxide ,BIOPOLYMERS ,MEMBRANE separation ,NANOPARTICLES ,WASTEWATER treatment - Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a natural polymer produced from microorganisms with characteristics, such as a fibrous with porous structure, impressive mechanical properties, and high purity. The synthesis of BC nanocomposites reinforced by ZnO nanoparticles has been applied to increase their properties. The study aims to identify the structure of BC nanocomposites after being reinforced by ZnO nanoparticles. The methods included BC synthesis using pineapple peel extract in static fermentation for 10 days, the alkalization procedure, and defibrillation of Bacterial Nanocellulose (BNC) by high-pressure homogenizer. ZnO was added as a reinforcement with concentrations of 2.5%, 5.0%, and 7.5%, sonicated and dried in an oven at 60
o C for 20 hours. BNC/ZnO nanocomposite was characterized using X-ray diffraction. This work shows that membrane BC has peaks at 18°, 22°, and 26°. After the addition of ZnO, the dominant peak is obtained at a diffraction angle of 14°, 16°, 22°, and 26°, and the amount of peak is increased. The addition of ZnO does not affect the crystal size of the membrane, but it affects the crystalization of BC, which is the addition of 7.5% ZnO maximizes crystallinity until 87.45%. In the future, this membrane will be developed as membrane filtration for wastewater treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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12. The morphology and strength of cassava starch-based biofoam with ZnO addition.
- Author
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Basuki, Mohamad Astono, Suryanto, Heru, Larasati, Aisyah, Yanuhar, Uun, and Maulana, Jibril
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CASSAVA starch ,CASSAVA ,ZINC oxide ,SCANNING electron microscopes ,TENSILE tests - Abstract
Styrene is a plastic-type that is used as a heat-insulating material for buildings with properties difficult to be degraded, so that, this plastic should be reduced in utilization with an alternative biofoam. This study aims to present the influence of ZnO reinforcement on morphology and strength of cassava starch-based biofoam. The experiment started with biofoam synthesis using baking methods method. Biofoam made of cassava starch containing the ZnO of 0%, 3%, 6%, 9%. The resulting biofoam was observed using a scanning electron microscope and tensile test. The result indicates that the morphology of biofoam without the addition of ZnO had cavities with thick inter-cavity walls, while biofoam with variations of the addition of 3%, 6%, and 9% ZnO formed relatively the same cavities with thinner inter-cavity walls when compared to biofoam without ZnO addition. The highest strength value occurred in biofoam with the addition of 6% ZnO resulting in an average tensile strength of 0.9283 MPa. Nonetheless, when the ZnO content exceeded 6%, as demonstrated by the addition of 9% ZnO, the tensile strength of the biofoam declined to 0.7544 MPa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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13. The influence of coupling agent on lnterfacial shear strength of Sansevieria cylindrica fiber-epoxy composite.
- Author
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Fahlevi, Much. Rafi, Suryanto, Heru, Puspitasari, Rr. Poppy, Maulana, Jibril, and Wiguna, Chrisrulita Sekaradi
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SILANE ,SHEAR strength ,SILANE coupling agents ,SCANNING electron microscopes ,FIBER testing ,X-ray diffraction - Abstract
The composite strength depends on the effectivity of interface interaction between the fiber and the matrix. The chemical treatment makes fiber surfaces more compatible with a hydrophobic polymer. So, this study aims to determine the influence of silane coupling agent concentration on the interfacial shear strength in the fiber composite of the Sansevieria cylindrica fiber. The methods included fibers treatment using ethanol as a dissolving and silane coupling agent with concentrations of 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10%. Fibers were embedded into the epoxy polymer for as long as 200 µm. The interfacial shear strength test was conducted through a single fiber pull-out test. Fiber morphology, crystallinity, and the functional group were observed using a scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. As a result, the morphology of S. cylindrica fibers became rougher and showed a rougher surface after a silane concentration of 7.5%, but with the proper concentration, some fiber surfaces provided a good interface. Analysis using X-ray diffraction (XRD) on S. cylindrica fibers without treatment showed a crystalline index of 66%. Increasing silane concentration by 10% and the crystalline index by 75%. The treatment with a silane concentration of 0.0%, 2.5%, 5.0%, 7.5%, and 10.0% results in interfacial shear strength of 39.936, 59.300, 76.742, 83.965, and 91.321 MPa, respectively. The interfacial shear strength increases when the concentration of silane coupling agent increases, with the highest shear strength of 91.321 MPa at a silane concentration of 10%. The silane coupling agent changes hydroxyl groups into silanol groups in fibers, making a bond between the matrix and fibers. It can conclude that the treatment of a silane coupling agent increases the interfacial shear strength of the interface of S. cylindrica fiber-epoxy composite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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14. Impact of Mendong fiber–epoxy composite interface properties on electric field frequency exposure.
- Author
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Suryanto, Heru, Irawan, Yudi Surya, Soenoko, Rudy, Binoj, Joseph Selvi, Osman, Azlin Fazlina, Osman, Hakimah, Maulana, Jibril, and Ali, Alamry
- Subjects
ELECTRIC properties ,FIBROUS composites ,SCANNING electron microscopes ,SHEAR strength ,EPOXY resins - Abstract
This research investigates the effects of the frequency of the external electric field during the curing process on the interfacial properties of epoxy composites reinforced by Mendong fiber. Epoxy was used as a matrix with cycloaliphatic amine as a curing agent. The AC electric field by frequencies of 1, 2, and 3 kHz and strength of 750 V/cm were applied during the curing process. The functional groups, structure, interface properties, and morphology of treated epoxy were observed using Fourier‐transform infrared, x‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, and pull‐out test, respectively. The result indicates that after treatment with an electric field of 1 kHz, new peaks were observed in the epoxy diffractogram at the angle of 6.2° and 12.3°, change in morphology, the wettability properties of epoxy were increased and interface shear strength was improved. Increasing the frequency of electric fields results in more damage to the interface and subsequently reduces the shear strength at the interface. Highlights: Interface properties of the composite after curing in an electric field characterized.Exposure to electric field frequency during curing changed epoxy properties.Shear strength of Mendong fiber/epoxy varied post‐exposure to the electric field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Structure and morphology of nanocomposite membrane based on bacterial cellulose reinforced by titanium dioxide nanoparticle.
- Author
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Sardjono, Susanto Arif, Suryanto, Heru, Maulana, Jibril, Yanuhar, Uun, Aminnudin, and Ningrum, Irma K.
- Subjects
BACTERIAL cell walls ,TITANIUM dioxide ,NANOPARTICLES ,SOLAR cells ,NANOCOMPOSITE materials - Abstract
TiO
2 nanoparticles have properties as light absorbers to be used as light catalysts or solar cells. This study aimed to determine the effect of adding TiO2 nanoparticles to the structure and morphology of bacterial cellulose-based membranes produced from pineapple peel waste. The research was conducted by producing pellicles from pineapple peel extract. The pellicle was then disintegrated in 6 cycles using a high-pressure homogenizer at 150 bar. TiO2 variations were 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, and 2.5%wt. They were sonicated and dried in an oven for 8 hours at 60°C. The structure was analyzed using XRD, and SEM observed morphology. The results showed that in the BC membrane with additional TiO2 , a new peak occurred on the diffractogram at 2θ=25.05° . It indicated the presence of TiO2 nanoparticles in the membrane. The diffraction peak occurred at 22.49° indicating that the cellulose belonged to Iβ cellulose. Additional 0% to 1% of TiO2 increased the membrane crystallinity index from 81.35% to 81.52%. The membrane crystallinity index decreased after an additional 1% TiO2 , valuing 81.52% to 80.16% in the 2.5% sample. The membrane surface morphology showed that the TiO2 nanoparticles were still agglomerated and not evenly distributed on the BC membrane. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Morphology and structure of bacterial cellulose film made from pineapple peel waste after chemical pretreatment.
- Author
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Sutrisno, Tito Arif, Suryanto, Heru, Wulandari, Retno, Maulana, Jibril, Yanuhar, Uun, Aminnudin, Pradana, Yanuar Rohmat Aji, and Bintara, Redyarsa Dharma
- Subjects
PINEAPPLE ,ACETOBACTER xylinum ,CHEMICAL reagents ,CELLULOSE ,FILMMAKING ,SCANNING electron microscopes ,FRUIT skins - Abstract
Cellulose produced from bacteria is a biopolymer that having high strength, purity and permeability so that it can be applied in various fields. The study aims to observe the morphology and structure of BC after being treated by a chemical reagent. The study was conducted using a BC pellicle that was produced from an extract of pineapple peel waste after being fermented for 10 days by Acetobacter xylinum. BC pellicle was treated by a chemical reagent solution (BmimCl, H
2 O2 , and NaOH) by a concentration of 5%. BC pellicle was immersed in chemical reagent at 80 °C for 2 hours then dried in an oven for 6 hours at 70°C. The morphology observation was conducted under the Scanning Electron Microscope, and the structure was analysed using XRD apparatus. The results indicate that diffractogram of BC film after chemical pretreatment, the crystal size of BC film reduce from 10.01 nm (without treatment) to 3.67 nm, 3.62 nm, and 3.68 nm for pretreatment fo NaOH, H2O2, and BmimCl, respectively. The highest crystallinity of BC film was obtained by pretreatment using H2 O2 with a crystallinity of 76.83%. The morphology of BC film indicated that pretreatment using NaOH, H2 O2 , and BmimCl cause peel of BC nanofiber so that the surface of BC film looks rougher and more porous. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
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17. Evaluation of Silane Coupling Agent Treatment on Sansevieria Cylindrica Fiber as Reinforcement in Epoxy Composite.
- Author
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Wiguna, Chrisrulita Sekaradi, Suryanto, Heru, Aminnudin, Fahlevi, Much Rafi, Maulana, Jibril, and Yanuhar, Uun
- Subjects
SILANE ,SILANE coupling agents ,EPOXY resins ,INFRARED spectroscopy ,ELECTRON microscopes ,SHEAR strength - Abstract
The load transfer effectiveness from matrix to reinforcement is depended on the interface condition of the fiber surface and matrix. Chemical treatment can change fiber properties. The current study aims to evaluate the influence of chemical treatment using silane solution on interface shear strength (ISS) of Sansevieria cylindrica fiber (SCF) reinforced epoxy composite. The research procedure includes silane treatment on SCF with percentage silane concentrations of 0.0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10.0%. ISS was evaluated by a single fiber pullout procedure. SCF crystallinity, functional group, and morphology were evaluated using X-ray diffraction, Infrared spectrometry, and electron microscope. The result shows that the surface morphology of SCF became rough and the surface rougher after silane treatment of 7.5%. SCF with no treatment has a degree of crystallinity of 66.0%, but after being treated with silane treatment, the degree of crystallinity increased, and the highest value of 75.0% was obtained from the silane treatment of 10.0%. The ISS increases following the increasing silane concentration. The highest ISS of 91.3 MPa was obtained at a silane treatment of 10.0%, with an increasing ISS of 129.0% compared to the control specimen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. The effect of adding polyethylene glycol to the structure of bacterial cellulose membrane made from pineapple peel waste.
- Author
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Suryanto, Heru, Maulana, Jibril, Susilo, Bili Darnanto, Pradana, Yanuar Rohmad Aji, and Yanuhar, Uun
- Subjects
- *
PINEAPPLE , *POLYETHYLENE glycol , *BACTERIAL cell walls , *ACETOBACTER xylinum , *X-ray diffraction , *FREEZE-drying , *FRUIT skins - Abstract
As a large producer of pineapples, Indonesia also produces much pineapple peel waste. An effort to reduce this waste is to utilize it as a culture medium to produce bacterial cellulose (BC) pellicle. BC has properties of high mechanical strength, crystallinity, hydrophilicity, and high purity. This study produces a new biocomposite using BC pellicle with adding polyethylene glycol (PEG). This study aims to observe the effect of adding PEG4000 on BC/PEG biocomposite membrane structure. BC pellicle was produced using pineapple peel extract as medium fermentation and Acetobacter xylinum as a fermentation agent. After the fermentation process, produced pellicle was immersed in PEG 4000 at different concentrations (1, 2.5, and 5%wt). After that, the BC was dried using the freeze-drying method. The biocomposite BC/PEG4000 membrane was observed by X-ray Diffraction (XRD). The XRD result showed the BC membrane has diffractogram peaks found at 28 of 14, 16, and 22°. The addition of PEG4000 causes diffractogram new peaks at 28 of 19°. The higher addition of PEG4000 produces higher peak intensity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. The impact of copper oxide nanoparticles reinforced nanocellulose acetate membrane on antibacterial and dye removal Potency
- Author
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Yanuhar, Uun, Suryanto, Heru, Amin, Muhamad, Maulana, Jibril, Mohamad Lal, Mohammad Tamrin, and Caesar, Nico Rahman
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Fibrillation effect on bacterial cellulose properties after freeze-drying.
- Author
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Suryanto, Heru, Maulana, Jibril, Susilo, Bili Darnanto, Yanuhar, Uun, Aminnudin, Aminnudin, Pradana, Yanuar Rohmat Aji, and Bintara, Redyarsa Dharma
- Subjects
- *
PINEAPPLE , *CELLULOSE , *FREEZE-drying , *SCANNING electron microscopy - Abstract
Bacterial cellulose has many advantages when applied in various fields, such as medic. This research reported the fibrillation process effect on bacterial cellulose using a blender and HPH on bacterial cellulose produced from pineapple skin waste. The produced pellicle after the fermentation process was cleaned and received treatment from a blender and a High-Pressure Homogenization (HPH) machine. After that, the bacterial cellulose was dried using a freeze-drying method. Use scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) to observe bacterial cellulose. The SEM results showed that the HPH treatment created a more homogenous porosity in the bacterial cellulose. The XRD result presented that similar crystal positions were found at 14°, 16°, and 22°. The HPH treatment produced a higher crystallinity value. The FTIR test showed that the fibrillation process did not change the bonds of bacterial cellulose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Influence of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles on Properties of Bacterial Nanocellulose Membrane Made of Pineapple Peel Waste.
- Author
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Maulana, Jibril, Suryanto, Heru, and Aminnudin
- Subjects
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PINEAPPLE , *BACTERIAL cell walls , *COPPER oxide , *NANOPARTICLES , *GRAPHENE oxide , *WATER purification , *FRUIT skins - Abstract
Indonesia is the larger pineapple producer country in the world, so they have the potential to generate biomass waste from the peel. Pineapple peel content is a carbon source in the fermentation process for producing bacterial cellulose. Some nanomaterials such as TiO2 and Graphene oxide has been increased the adsorption of ion metal and water purification in nanocomposite membranes. CuO nanomaterial has functioned as an antibacterial material in biomedical applications. So, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of adding CuO nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) to the characteristic of bacterial nanocellulose-based membranes made of pineapple peel waste. The methods include synthesizing bacterial cellulose from pineapple peels and producing bacterial nanocellulose in a high-speed blender and a nano-homogenizer. Raw materials such as BC, CTAB, and CuO-NPs (concentrations of 1.0% and 2.0%) were mixed and homogenized using an ultrasonic homogenizer, then filtered and freeze-dried at -62oC for two days to obtain a membrane. Using SEM, XRD, FTIR, surface roughness, and tensile tester we can see the addition of CuO-NPs can affect the characteristic of BC/CuO nanocomposite. SEM Results show that the surface morphology containing a lower concentration of CuO-NPs has better homogeneity dispersion. From XRD analysis, by addition, CuO-NPs can be appearing new peaks at 35.47o and 38.68o, but it reduces the degree of crystallinity, crystallinity index, and Crystalline size of the membrane but increases its surface roughness. Adding CuO-NPs to the BC structure causes a shift and change of transmittance value that indicate the interaction of CuO to BC fibril. The highest tensile strength of nanocomposite membrane is 69.643 MPa, obtained from a lower concentration of CuO-NPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Effect of Addition Surfactant on Properties of Bacterial Cellulose Based Composite Foam Reinforced by Copper Oxide Nanoparticle.
- Author
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Suryanto, Heru, Yanuhar, Uun, Maulana, Jibril, and Pradana, Yanuar Rohmat Aji
- Subjects
COPPER oxide ,FOAM ,CELLULOSE ,SURFACE active agents ,CELLULOSE synthase ,MICROBIOLOGICAL synthesis ,POLYETHYLENE glycol - Abstract
Pineapple waste is one of the problems in Indonesia as a larger producer country of this fruit. Pineapple waste is used as a fermentation medium for bacterial cellulose synthesis. The study aims to obtain the effect of the addition of surfactant on the properties of bacterial cellulose (BC) based composite foam with the addition of Copper Oxide (CuO) nanoparticles. The methods were conducted using pineapple peel extract as a medium of BC synthesis. BC pellicle product was disintegrated using a high-pressure homogeniser, and then BC composite foam was produced in the presence of CuO nanoparticles. The surfactant of Polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4000 and Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide (CTAB) was used. The foaming structure was produced using freeze-drying methods. The foam structure was observed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR). The SEM result showed that the CTAB as a surfactant makes a more homogenous porosity in the bacterial cellulose. The diffractogram indicates presented crystal peak found at 14°, 16°, 22°, and 28o as cellulose fingerprint structure, and there is a new peak in 28o, 35o and 38o after the addition of surfactant. The FTIR test showed that the surfactant treatment did not significantly change the bacterial cellulose bonds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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