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In the current era, green synthesis stands out as the optimal approach for nanoparticle production, owing to its myriad advantages over traditional methods. Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONP) using botanical extracts possess distinctive attributes ascribed to the phytochemicals of the extracts. These extracts can increase and maintain stability and modify the dimensions and morphology of CuONP. This green synthesis process is notable for its environmental compatibility, economic efficiency, and broad applicability, particularly in catalysis and biomedical domains. The present investigation explores synthesizing CuONP using the extract from Azadirachta indica (A. indica) seeds as a stabilizing and reducing agent. The CuONP prepared was characterized using X-ray diffraction, which revealed a mean particle size between 35 nm. Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy confirmed the presence of copper oxide evidenced by the stretching absorptional vibrations of functional groups. High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy evaluated the nanoparticles' morphology. The findings significantly contribute to the expanding knowledge base on eco-friendly approaches to nanoparticle synthesis, emphasizing the diverse potential applications of CuONP synthesized through this environmentally conscious method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A single crystal of l-phenylalanine l-phenylalanininum malonate (LPPMA) was synthesized by slow evaporation and was subjected to nonlinear optical examination and physio-chemical characterization. Studies on single X-ray diffraction confirm the arrangement of monoclinic space group P21 which is a vital criterion for the NLO phenomenon. The assessment of functional groups and diverse vibration modes responsible for the characteristics of the material was performed with an FTIR analysis. The UV-visible spectral examination found the wavelength of UV-cutoff at 233 nm and various optical parameters were evaluated. The mechanical strength and different criteria associated with it were assessed. The electric field response of the material was examined in terms of the dielectric constant, dielectric loss, ac conductivity and activation energy. The spectra of emission were detailed. The efficacy of second harmonic generation was studied. The parameters of nonlinearity were investigated to analyse the third-order acentric optical response in the LPPMA by Z-scan procedure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The synthesis and characterization of Co(II) and Ni(II) mixed ligand complexes are derived from isoniazid, 9-fluorenoneandoxalate. The metal complexes were characterized on the basis of elemental analysis, IR, UV-visible, CV, PXRD, and molar conductance analytical data, viz., all the metal complexes were suggested in an octahedral geometry, respectively. The mixed ligand complexes are formed in the 1:1:2:1 (M:L1:L2:L3) ratios, as found from the elemental analyses, and originate to have the formula [M(L1)(L2)2(L3)]. Where M = Co(II), Ni(II), L1 = isoniazid, L2 = 9-fluorenone, and L3 = oxalate. The molar conductance data reveals that the complexes are non-electrolytes. The cyclic voltammogram of the Co(II) complex revealed that the quasi-reversible single electron transfer process and Ni(II) complex corresponding to a one-electron transfer process were observed during controlled potential electrolysis. IR spectra show that the ligands are coordinated to the metal ions through N and O donor sites of isoniazid-N, 9-fluorenone-O and oxalate-O. Magnetic moment values and UV-visible spectra were used to infer the coordinating of the geometrics of these complexes found to be octahedral. The PXRD patterns suggest that all the complexes are crystalline phases. The metal chelates have been screened for antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, and our findings have been reported, explained and compared with some known antibiotics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urea glutaric acid (UGA), an organic crystal, was synthesized and grown using a low temperature solution technique. Single crystal XRD revealed a monoclinic structure with a C2/C space group. The various cell data were identified. The optical parameters were calculated from UV-visible spectrum. The transmittance spectra showed the cutoff wavelength as 240 nm (low) and the energy gap determined from the spectra was compared with the theoretical energy gap. The transition number revealed the electron transition, which corresponded to direct allowed transition. The diverse optical parameters like reflectance, extinction coefficient, refractive index and optical susceptibility were determined. The least value of Urbach energy caused less defects and a good crystalline nature. The steepness value and electron phonon interaction were calculated. The positions of lower and higher band energy levels were identified. Electronic polarizability was found using the Clausius–Mossoti relation and tabulated. The mechanical fitness was measured from Vickers hardness analysis. The nonlinear optical property was measured from Z-scan analysis. Thus, the optical results support the material suitability and fitness for optical and electronic domain applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

2,4-Dinitrophynylhydrazine and two thiocyanate ions in a (M:L1:L2) 1:2:2 molar ratio was synthesized in the complexes of Co(II) and Ni(II). The prepared compounds were identified through a C.H.N.S. analysis, conductivity measurements, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), the infrared spectrum, and a UV-visible spectrum analysis, in addition to the magnetic properties being measured. The measurements of the molar conductance implieda nonelectrolytic nature of compounds Co(II) and Ni(II). The magnetic susceptibility, as well as electronic spectra, represented all the metal complexesthroughoctahedral geometry, respectively. The PXRD patterns suggested that all the complexes were an orthorhombic system with unit cell parameters. The in-vitro biological activity of the ligand and the metal complexes were screened against the Gram-positive and negative pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas, aeruginosa and Escherichia coli, as well as the fungal species of Aspergillusniger and Candida albicans.Thus, the metal complexes showeda high efficiency of antimicrobial activity compared with the ligand. Furthermore, applications of the ligand, as well as the metal complexes, were tested for in-vitro antioxidant potential in aDPPH assay. The results showed that the activity of the metal complexes with the in-vitro antioxidant was more active than that of 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine(DNPH). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A potent semiorganic third order acentric crystal Poly[μ-chlorido-heptachlorido-μ 3 - l -proline-μ 2 - l -proline-tetramercury(II)] (LPDMCl) with the chemical formula [Hg 4 Cl 8 (C 5 H 9 NO 2) 2 n was crystallized by slow evaporation in water and thereby its second and third order optical nonlinearities are explored using the technique of SHG powder test of Kurtz-Perry and Z-scan single beam respectively. The grown crystalline material was analyzed by single crystal XRD, which discloses the acentric space group P 1 of the material with the crystal system of triclinic. From XRD analysis, the obtained peaks were indexed correlated to the orientations of (hkl) plane thus displaying the crystalline purity and perfection. FTIR spectrum detailed the diverse vibrational modes, which signifies the functional groups in LPDMCl. Surface topology of the crystallized salts was accomplished by the examination of SEM. Mechanical, dielectric, linear and nonlinear optical investigation were performed to affirm LPDMCl as an aspiring candidate in establishing proficient nonlinear optical and optical power limiting device for practical applications. • A potent crystal LPDMCl was crystallized by slow evaporation technique. • The grown crystal analyzed by single crystal XRD. • The obtained peaks correlated to the orientations of (hkl) plane thus displaying the crystalline purity. • FTIR spectrum detailed the diverse vibrational modes, which signifies the functional groups in LPDMCl. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]