118 results on '"Masip-Bruin, Xavier"'
Search Results
2. Managing resilience in carrier grade networks: Survey, open issues and trends
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Ramirez, Wilson, Masip-Bruin, Xavier, Marin-Tordera, Eva, and Sànchez-López, Sergi
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- 2015
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3. Multi-domain optical routing: Is there life beyond extending BGP?
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Marín-Tordera, Eva, Masip-Bruin, Xavier, Yannuzzi, Marcelo, and Serral-Gracià, René
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- 2014
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4. Prediction-based routing as RWA in multilayer traffic engineering
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Puype, Bart, Marín-Tordera, Eva, Colle, Didier, Sánchez-López, Sergio, Pickavet, Mario, Masip-Bruin, Xavier, and Demeester, Piet
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- 2012
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5. Fast setup of end-to-end paths for bandwidth constrained applications in an IP/MPLS-ATM integrated environment
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Sanchez-Lopez, Sergio, Masip-Bruin, Xavier, Sole-Pareta, Josep, and Domingo-Pascual, Jordi
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Protocol ,Computer network protocols - Abstract
To link to full-text access for this article, visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2006.05.011 Byline: Sergio Sanchez-Lopez, Xavier Masip-Bruin, Josep Sole-Pareta, Jordi Domingo-Pascual Keywords: IP/MPLS; ATM; PNNI Abstract: Transport networks are currently being moved towards a model of high performance Internet Protocol/Multiprotocol Label Switching (IP/MPLS) routers interconnected through intelligent core networks. Currently, Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) technology has been widely deployed in several network backbones along with the Private Network-to-Network Interface (PNNI) protocols as the control plane. In order to cope with the increasing Internet traffic demands in the current context, fast setup of end-to-end paths with the required Quality of Service (QoS) is necessary. This paper analyzes the case of two IP/MPLS networks interconnected through an ATM core network, assuming MPLS as the mechanism to provide Traffic Engineering in the IP networks, and a PNNI-based control plane in the core network. This paper aims to define a mechanism needed to set up a fast end-to-end QoS Label Switched Path (LSP) between two Label Switched Routers (LSRs) belonging to different IP/MPLS domains. First, the fast end-to-end setup is achieved by modifying the network backbone control plane. Second, two different aggregation schemes are proposed to summarize the QoS network state information to be transported through the ATM core network. Therefore, both the efficient aggregation schemes and the fast mechanism allow source routing to set up a path faster than the existing methods and to reduce the blocking probability using a summary of the available resource information. Author Affiliation: Advanced Broadband Communications Laboratory (LCABA), Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya, Av. Victor Balaguer s/n, 08800 Vilanova i la Geltru-Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain Article History: Received 8 July 2005; Revised 7 January 2006; Accepted 12 May 2006 Article Note: (miscellaneous) Responsible Editor: J.C. de Oliveira
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- 2007
6. A hierarchical routing approach for optical transport networks
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MariIn-Tordera, Eva, Masip-Bruin, Xavier, Sanchez-Lopez, Sergio, Sole-Pareta, Josep, and Domingo-Pascual, Jordi
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Algorithm ,Algorithms - Abstract
To link to full-text access for this article, visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2005.05.019 Byline: Eva MariIn-Tordera, Xavier Masip-Bruin, Sergio Sanchez-Lopez, Josep Sole-Pareta, Jordi Domingo-Pascual Keywords: Hierarchical networks; Optical transport networks; Prediction-based routing; Aggregation schemes Abstract: Although the automatically switched optical networks (ASON) specifications strongly recommend a hierarchical network architecture for these networks, this is still an open issue. The hierarchical network concept involves several mechanisms mainly related with signaling and routing, such as the aggregation scheme, the dissemination process, the updating policy and the routing algorithms. The existing mechanisms for flat networks must be substantially modified to be applied to a hierarchical network architecture. In this paper, authors propose a complete hierarchical routing approach mainly focusing on routing concerns, aiming to optimize the global network performance while guaranteeing scalability. Author Affiliation: Advanced Broadband Communications Center, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya (UPC), Av. Victor Balaguer s/n, Vilanova i la Geltru-Barcelona, 08800 Catalunya, Spain
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- 2006
7. A hierarchical routing approach for optical transport networks
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Marin-Tordera, Eva, Masip-Bruin, Xavier, Sanchez-Lopez, Sergio, Sole-Pareta, Josep, and Domingo-Pascual, Jordi
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Hierarchical storage management system ,Fiber transmission equipment ,Bridge/router ,Internetworking device ,ISDN router ,Fiber optic networks -- Standards ,Bridge/routers -- Usage - Published
- 2006
8. A hierarchical routing approach for optical transport networks
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Marı́n-Tordera, Eva, Masip-Bruin, Xavier, Sánchez-Lopez, Sergio, Solé-Pareta, Josep, and Domingo-Pascual, Jordi
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- 2006
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9. The prediction-based routing in optical transport networks
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Marín-Tordera, Eva, Masip-Bruin, Xavier, Sánchez-Lopez, Sergio, Solé-Pareta, Josep, and Domingo-Pascual, Jordi
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- 2006
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10. The Progressive mapping system architecture for global resources management
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García Almiñana, Jordi, Masip Bruin, Xavier, LU, Yunsong, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Arquitectura de Computadors, and Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. CRAAX - Centre de Recerca d'Arquitectures Avançades de Xarxes
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Computació en núvol ,Cloud computing ,Informàtica::Arquitectura de computadors [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC] ,Computer networks ,Ordinadors, Xarxes d' - Abstract
There are a myriad of computing resources in the World, most of which are underused. Efficiently using some of these devices raises several interesting opportunities. For instance, devices are spread everywhere, so locality can be deeply exploited. Furthermore, combining the computational capacity of all, or some, of them may conform a virtual cluster more powerful than any current data center. And, finally, by using resources already there avoids the need for a specific investment on specific infrastructures, as well as significantly reduces the operational costs. In this paper we propose a research architecture for global resources management which aims at exploiting the availability of this vast amount of heterogeneous resources at the edge of the network. We have designed the Progressive Mapping System (PMS) as a system that keeps track of the available resources and, upon an application launching, finds the best devices configuration for optimal application execution, considering both, the application performance requirements and the resources availability and performance features, while guaranteeing the Quality of Service (QoS). The PMS implements a graph of devices where nodes describe their performance features and edges describe their geographic distance as well as communication capabilities. Given an application description, which includes some performance description and quality of service requirements, the PMS system selects a subset of the global graph by solving a mixed integer quadratically constrained programming formulation, which finds the appropriate set of nodes for optimal application execution performance. One of the novelties of the PMS system is that it considers the geographic positioning of the devices and the application locality requirements to deeper exploiting locality issues. The PMS system is yet in a preliminary implementation stage. In this paper we describe the system overview, the architectural design, and discuss some research challenges which are critical for an effective PMS implementation.
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- 2019
11. A preliminary model for optimal load distribution in heterogeneous smart environments
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García Almiñana, Jordi, Aguiló Gost, Francisco de Asis L., Simó Mezquita, Ester, Zaragoza Monroig, M. Luisa, Masip Bruin, Xavier, LU, Yunsong, Prieto González, Andrés, Molinas Ramón, Joan, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Arquitectura de Computadors, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Matemàtiques, and Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. CRAAX - Centre de Recerca d'Arquitectures Avançades de Xarxes
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Ciutats -- Innovacions tecnològiques ,Cities and towns -- Technological innovations ,Computació en núvol ,Ciutats digitals (Xarxes d'ordinadors) ,Cloud computing ,Informàtica::Arquitectura de computadors [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC] ,Computer networks ,Ordinadors, Xarxes d' ,Electronic villages (Computer networks)) - Abstract
Smart cities are becoming popular and, with them, a plethora of resources is emerging turning into a massive concentration of computing devices. In such environments, the deployment of a smart resources management system is envisioned as an extraordinary opportunity to provide almost unlimited computing and networking capabilities obtained by putting together a vast set of nearby devices, hence offering high performance computing while benefiting from low latency networking. In this scenario, where millions of highly heterogeneous devices are available, a key challenge is to select the set of devices suited the most to carry out some specific tasks. In this paper, we present a performance estimation model intended to find an optimal solution for load distribution over massive heterogeneous systems, considering the effects of both, distributed computing and network overhead. The current implementation is in a preliminary stage, considering only fully parallel applications. Trials conducted considering several hardware configurations, with either homogeneous or heterogeneous systems, show the fact that the predicted performance matches the one obtained by the experimental executions with an almost negligible deviation. These initial results encourage us to continue developing the model for more complex and realistic applications.
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- 2019
12. A Survey on Mobility-Induced Service Migration in the Fog, Edge, and Related Computing Paradigms.
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REJIBA, ZEINEB, MASIP-BRUIN, XAVIER, and MARÍN-TORDERA, EVA
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With the advent of fog and edge computing paradigms, computation capabilities have been moved toward the edge of the network to support the requirements of highly demanding services. To ensure that the quality of such services is still met in the event of users' mobility, migrating services across different computing nodes becomes essential. Several studies have emerged recently to address service migration in different edge-centric research areas, including fog computing, multi-access edge computing (MEC), cloudlets, and vehicular clouds. Since existing surveys in this area focus on either VM migration in general or migration in a single research field (e.g., MEC), the objective of this survey is to bring together studies from different, yet related, edge-centric research fields while capturing the different facets they addressed. More specifically, we examine the diversity characterizing the landscape of migration scenarios at the edge, present an objectivedriven taxonomy of the literature, and highlight contributions that rather focused on architectural design and implementation. Finally, we identify a list of gaps and research opportunities based on the observation of the current state of the literature. One such opportunity lies in joining efforts from both networking and computing research communities to facilitate future research in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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13. Towards service protection in Fog-to-Cloud (F2C) computing systems
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Souza, Vitor Barbosa Carlos de, Masip Bruin, Xavier, Marín Tordera, Eva, Sánchez López, Sergio, Ren, Guang-Jie, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Arquitectura de Computadors, and Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. CRAAX - Centre de Recerca d'Arquitectures Avançades de Xarxes
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Internet of things ,Computació en núvol ,Internet de les coses ,Cloud computing ,Fog computing ,Fog-to-cloud computing ,Service protection ,Enginyeria de la telecomunicació::Telemàtica i xarxes d'ordinadors::Internet [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC] - Abstract
Internet of Things (IoT) services are unstoppably demanding more computing and storage resources. Aligned to this trend, cloud and fog computing came up as the proper paradigms meeting such IoT services demands. More recently, a new paradigm, so-called fog to cloud (F2C) computing, promises to make the most out of both Fog and Cloud, paving the way to new IoT services development. Nevertheless, the benefits of F2C architectures may be diminished by failures affecting the computing commodities. In order to withstand possible failures, the design of novel protection strategies, specifically designed for distributed computing scenarios is required. In this paper, we study the impact of distinct protection strategies on several key performance aspects, including service response time, and usage of computing resources. Numerical results indicate that under distinct failure scenarios, F2C significantly outperforms the conventional cloud.
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- 2017
14. Advances on path computation element
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González de Dios, Oscar, Masip Bruin, Xavier, Lee, Young, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Arquitectura de Computadors, and Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. CRAAX - Centre de Recerca d'Arquitectures Avançades de Xarxes
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Internet of things ,Computació en núvol ,Internet de les coses ,Optical communications ,education ,Telecommunication ,Telecomunicació -- Tràfic ,Cloud computing ,Comunicacions òptiques ,Informàtica::Arquitectura de computadors [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC] - Published
- 2017
15. An SDN-based architecture for security provisioning in Fog-to-Cloud (F2C) computing systems
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Kahvazadeh, Sarang, Souza, Vitor Barbosa, Masip Bruin, Xavier, Marín Tordera, Eva, García Almiñana, Jordi, Diaz, Rodrigo, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Arquitectura de Computadors, and Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. CRAAX - Centre de Recerca d'Arquitectures Avançades de Xarxes
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Critical infrastructures ,IoT ,Software Defined Network (SDN) ,Computació en núvol ,Enginyeria de la telecomunicació::Telemàtica i xarxes d'ordinadors [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC] ,Security ,Cloud computing ,Fog computing ,Fog-to-cloud computing - Abstract
The unstoppable adoption of cloud and fog computing is paving the way to developing innovative services, some requiring features not yet covered by either fog or cloud computing. Simultaneously, nowadays technology evolution is easing the monitoring of any kind of infrastructure, be it large or small, private or public, static or dynamic. The fog-to-cloud computing (F2C) paradigm recently came up to support foreseen and unforeseen services demands while simultaneously benefiting from the smart capacities of the edge devices. Inherited from cloud and fog computing, a challenging aspect in F2C is security provisioning. Unfortunately, security strategies employed by cloud computing require computation power not supported by devices at the edge of the network, whereas security strategies in fog are yet on their infancy. Put this way, in this paper we propose Software Defined Network (SDN)-based security management architecture based on a master/slave strategy. The proposed architecture is conceptually applied to a critical infrastructure (CI) scenario, thus analyzing the benefits F2C may bring for security provisioning in CIs.
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- 2017
16. Fog-to-Cloud (F2C) Data Management for Smart Cities
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Sinaeepourfard, Amir, García Almiñana, Jordi, Masip Bruin, Xavier, Marín Tordera, Eva, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Arquitectura de Computadors, and Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. CRAAX - Centre de Recerca d'Arquitectures Avançades de Xarxes
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Smart city ,Telecomunicació -- Tràfic -- Gestió ,Fog-to-cloud (F2C) computing ,Computació en núvol ,Ciutats digitals (Xarxes d'ordinadors) ,Electronic villages (Computer networks) ,Data lifecycle model (DLC) ,Telecommunication--Traffic--Management ,Cloud computing ,Informàtica::Arquitectura de computadors [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC] ,Data management ,Data aggregation - Abstract
Smart cities are the current technological solutions to handle the challenges and complexity of the growing urban density. Traditionally, smart city resources management rely on cloud based solutions where sensors data are collected to provide a centralized and rich set of open data. The advantages of cloudbased frameworks are their ubiquity, as well as an (almost) unlimited resources capacity. However, accessing data from the cloud implies large network traffic, high latencies usually not appropriate for real-time or critical solutions, as well as higher security risks. Alternatively, fog computing emerges as a promising technology to absorb these inconveniences. It proposes the use of devices at the edge to provide closer computing facilities and, therefore, reducing network traffic, reducing latencies drastically while improving security. We have defined a new framework for data management in the context of a smart city through a global fog to cloud resources management architecture. This model has the advantages of both, fog and cloud technologies, as it allows reduced latencies for critical applications while being able to use the high computing capabilities of cloud technology. In this paper, we present the data acquisition block of our framework and discuss the advantages. As a first experiment, we estimate the network traffic in this model during data collection and compare it with a traditional real system
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- 2017
17. Open issues in Interdomain Routing: A Survey
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Yannuzzi, Marcelo, Bonaventure, Olivier, and Masip-Bruin, Xavier
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Data security issue ,Internet ,Bridge/router ,Internetworking device ,ISDN router ,Company business management ,Data security -- Management ,Internet -- Usage ,Bridge/routers -- Safety and security measures - Published
- 2005
18. Estimating smart city sensors data generation: current and future data in the city of Barcelona
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Sinaeepourfard, Amir, García Almiñana, Jordi|||0000-0002-3515-7150, Masip Bruin, Xavier|||0000-0002-4755-556X, Marín Tordera, Eva|||0000-0002-2039-8277, Cirera, J., Grau, G., Casaus, F., Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Arquitectura de Computadors, and Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. CRAAX - Centre de Recerca d'Arquitectures Avançades de Xarxes
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Cities and towns - Technological innovations ,Middleware ,Barcelona ,Internet of things ,Mobile computing ,Sensor fusion ,Detectors ,Mobile device ,Data handling ,Sensor data generation ,Data management ,Desenvolupament humà i sostenible::Desenvolupament sostenible [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC] ,Ciutats -- Innovacions tecnològiques ,Sensing layer ,Enginyeria electrònica::Instrumentació i mesura::Sensors i actuadors [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC] ,Data transmission reduction ,Middleware layer ,Network layer ,Smart city architecture ,Smart cities - Abstract
Nowadays, Smart Cities are positioned as one of the most challenging and important research topics, highlighting major changes in people's lifestyle. Technologies such as smart energy, smart transportation or smart health are being designed to improve citizen's quality of life. Smart Cities leverage the deployment of a network of devices - sensors and mobile devices-, all connected through different means and/or technologies, according to their network availability and capacities, setting a novel framework feeding end-users with an innovative set of smart services. Aligned to this objective, a typical Smart City architecture is organized into layers, including a sensing layer (generates data), a network layer (moves the data), a middleware layer (manages all collected data and makes it ready for usage) and an application layer (provides the smart services benefiting from this data). In this paper a real Smart City is analyzed, corresponding to the city of Barcelona, with special emphasis on the layers responsible for collecting the data generated by the deployed sensors. The amount of daily sensors data transmitted through the network has been estimated and a rough projection has been made assuming an exhaustive deployment that fully covers all city. Finally, we discuss some solutions to both reduce the data transmission and improve the data management.
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- 2016
19. A Techno-Economic study of network coding protection schemes
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Ramirez Almonte, Wilson, Masip Bruin, Xavier, Marín Tordera, Eva, Yannuzzi, Marcelo, Martínez Manzanilla, Anny Gabriela, Sánchez López, Sergio, Siddiqui, Shuaib, López Álvarez, Victor, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Arquitectura de Computadors, and Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. CRAAX - Centre de Recerca d'Arquitectures Avançades de Xarxes
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Ordinadors, Xarxes d' -- Mesures de seguretat ,Enginyeria de la telecomunicació::Telecomunicació òptica [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC] ,Network protection ,Techno-Economic ,Network coding ,Enginyeria de la telecomunicació::Telemàtica i xarxes d'ordinadors [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC] ,Optical communications ,Data transmission systems ,Multi-layer networks ,Comunicacions òptiques ,Computer networks ,Fibres òptiques -- Sistemes de comunicació - Abstract
The recent advances in optical technologies pave the way to the deployment of high-bandwidth services. As reliability becomes a mandatory requirement for some of these services, network providers must endow their networks with resilience capabilities. In recent years, network coding protection (NCP) has emerged as a tentative solution aiming at enabling network resilience in a proactive and efficient way. The goal of this paper is to conduct a techno-economic study to evaluate the protection cost required by NCP schemes deployed either at the IP/MPLS or at the Optical layer of a multi-layer network, as well as its impact on both the capital and operational expenditures (CAPEX, OPEX) of a network provider. Our evaluation results show that a significant reduction in both CAPEX and OPEX is obtained with NCP. Indeed, at least a 49% and 52% of CAPEX and OPEX reduction is achieved respectively in comparison with conventional proactive protection schemes.
- Published
- 2014
20. International Conference on Wired/Wireless Internet Communications (WWIC 2010)
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Osipov, Evgeny, Kassler, Andreas, Masip-Bruin, Xavier, and Bohnert, Thomas Michael
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Telecommunications services industry ,Telecommunications services industry -- Conferences, meetings and seminars ,Communications industry -- Conferences, meetings and seminars - Published
- 2010
21. Coordinated Computation of Multi-layer Paths via Inter-layer PCE Communication: Standards, Interoperability and Deployment
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Chamania, Mohit, González de Dios, Óscar, López, Víctor, Cuaresma, Marta, Drogon, Marek, Jukan, Admela, Masip Bruin, Xavier, Yannuzzi, Marcelo, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Arquitectura de Computadors, and Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. ANA - Grup d'Arquitectures Avançades de Xarxes
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Optical communications ,Telecomunicació -- Tràfic ,Comunicacions òptiques ,Informàtica::Arquitectura de computadors [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC] ,Telecommunication--Traffic - Abstract
The Path Computation Element (PCE) is positioned nowadays as one of the solutions that almost every carrier will eventually deploy. The PCE architecture as well as a number of components, including the PCE Communication Protocol (PCEP), have been standardized by the IETF. However, a number of challenges remain to be solved on its way from standards to deployment. In particular, the existing proposals for multilayer path computation within the PCE framework need to be further developed and tested, before considering their possible integration into operational networks. This is especially true for the interoperability of the various PCE implementations and the extensions such as the Virtual Network Topology Manager (VNTM) which cannot be taken for granted. This paper presents a functional implementation of coordinated computation of multilayer paths supported through inter-layer PCE communication, where one PCE is developed by industry and the other as an open-source effort. To this end, we consider an IP/MPLS network deployed over a Wavelength Switched Optical Network (WSON), each of which deploying its own PCE, in an attempt to create an inter-operable multilayer solution. We discuss the key challenges that the research community will face in this area, which in turn will drive a considerable part of the upcoming efforts in terms of standardization
- Published
- 2012
22. Wired/Wireless Internet Communications: 9th IFIP TC 6 International Conference, WWIC 2011, Vilanova i la Geltrú, Spain, June 15-17, 2011. Proceedings
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Masip-Bruin, Xavier, Verchere, Dominique, Tsaoussidis, Vassilis, Yannuzzi, Marcelo, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya [Barcelona] (UPC), Alcatel-Lucent Bell Labs France, Space Internetworking Center, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering [Xanthi], Democritus University of Thrace (DUTH)-Democritus University of Thrace (DUTH), and TC 6
- Subjects
[INFO]Computer Science [cs] - Abstract
International audience; Book Front Matter of LNCS 6649
- Published
- 2011
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- View/download PDF
23. A New Parametric Regenerator Allocation Scheme taking into account Inaccurate Physical Information
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Marín Tordera, Eva, Yannuzzi, Marcelo, Serral Gracià, René, Masip Bruin, Xavier, Sánchez López, Sergio, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Arquitectura de Computadors, and Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. ANA - Grup d'Arquitectures Avançades de Xarxes
- Subjects
Enginyeria de la telecomunicació::Telecomunicació òptica [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC] ,Optical communications ,Data_FILES ,Xarxes de telecomunicacions òptiques - Abstract
Regenerator allocation consists on selecting which of the already installed regenerators in a translucent network may be used according to the dynamic traffic requests in order to maximize the quality of the optical signal while minimizing the opaqueness of the network. A recent study has shown that the performance of the regenerator allocation techniques strongly depends on the accuracy of the physical-layer information. The reason of this physical inaccuracy is the drift suffered by the physical-layer parameters during the operation of the optical network. In these conditions, the performance of the Impairment Aware-Routing and Wavelength Assignment (IA-RWA) process might drop sharply when allocating regenerators inappropriately. In this paper, we propose new regenerator allocation schemes taking into account the inherent and unavoidable inaccuracy in the physical-layer information
- Published
- 2010
24. Regenerator allocation in WDM networks with uncertainities in the Q factor
- Author
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Marín Tordera, Eva, Yannuzzi, Marcelo, Masip Bruin, Xavier, Serral Gracià, René, Sánchez López, Sergio, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Arquitectura de Computadors, and Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. ANA - Grup d'Arquitectures Avançades de Xarxes
- Subjects
Enginyeria de la telecomunicació::Telecomunicació òptica [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC] ,Optical communications ,Wavelength division multiplexing ,Xarxes de telecomunicacions òptiques ,Data_CODINGANDINFORMATIONTHEORY - Abstract
The performance of the regenerator allocation algorithms in WDM networks strongly depends on the accuracy of the physical-layer information such as the Q factor. In a translucent WDM network the already installed regenerators along the lightpath are allocated based on the physical information (Q factor) in order to maximize the quality of the optical signal while minimizing the opaqueness of the network. The Q factor used by the IA-RWA algorithms is usually inaccurate due to the drift suffered by the physical-layer parameters during the operation of the optical network. In this scenario the allocation of regenerators is not optimized and then the performance of the network is worsened. New regenerator allocation schemes should be proposed in order of counteracting the inherent and unpredictable uncertainty in the physical-layer information.
- Published
- 2010
25. Simple network management provisioning based on quality of experience feedback
- Author
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Serral Gracià, René|||0000-0003-2112-0952, Marín Tordera, Eva|||0000-0002-2039-8277, Yannuzzi, Marcelo, Masip Bruin, Xavier|||0000-0002-4755-556X, Sánchez López, Sergio|||0000-0002-3922-2298, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Arquitectura de Computadors, and Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. ANA - Grup d'Arquitectures Avançades de Xarxes
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Consumer satisfaction ,Ordinadors, Xarxes d' -- Gestió ,Computer networks -- Management ,Enginyeria de la telecomunicació::Telemàtica i xarxes d'ordinadors::Serveis telemàtics i de comunicació multimèdia [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC] ,Satisfacció del consumidor - Abstract
This paper presents a promising Autonomic Network Management System (ANMS) that allows Service Providers (SPs) to perform efficient network resource provisioning with their Network Operators (NOs). The novelty of our ANMS is that it offers an starting point to use the end-users perceived quality as a metric to manage the network resources. We show that our system is capable of achieving considerable reductions in the operational costs of SPs, while keeping proper bounds in the end-user satisfaction for the offered multimedia services.
- Published
- 2010
26. Cross-layer multimedia quality enforcement through user aware information in wireless networks
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Serral Gracià, René, Yannuzzi, Marcelo, Marín Tordera, Eva, Masip Bruin, Xavier, Sánchez López, Sergio, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Arquitectura de Computadors, and Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. ANA - Grup d'Arquitectures Avançades de Xarxes
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Wireless network management ,Multimedia systems -- Quality control ,Enginyeria de la telecomunicació::Telemàtica i xarxes d'ordinadors [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC] ,Multilayer ,QoE ,Telecommunication -- Traffic -- Management ,Sistemes multimèdia -- Control de qualitat - Abstract
Quality assessment of multimedia traffic is a hot topic. In this paper we present a Multimedia Management System, which can be used on-line to assess and guarantee the quality of multimedia traffic in a wired and wireless network. The proposed platform uses both network and application layer metrics to build up a scalable quality assessment framework. The core of this framework provides means for traffic provisioning capabilities by coordinating the network access and usage both from the wireless node and from the network access point. These two combined features permit our platform to guarantee a satisfactory multimedia user experience. We evaluate our proposal by issuing an experimental deployment in a testbed and performing a series of tests under different network situations to demonstrate the Quality of Experience guaranties of our system. The results show that the quality of video perceived by endusers is considerably improved compared to the typical wireless network.
- Published
- 2010
27. Insights on the Internet routing scalability issues
- Author
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Castro Casales, Alberto, Germán Duarte, Martín, Yannuzzi, Marcelo, Masip Bruin, Xavier|||0000-0002-4755-556X, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Arquitectura de Computadors, and Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. ANA - Grup d'Arquitectures Avançades de Xarxes
- Subjects
Enginyeria de la telecomunicació::Telemàtica i xarxes d'ordinadors [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC] ,TCP/IP (Protocol de xarxes d'ordinadors) ,Computer architecture ,Informàtica::Arquitectura de computadors [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC] ,Wireless communication systems ,TCP/IP (Computer network protocol) ,Arquitectura de computadors - Abstract
In recent years, the size and dynamics of the global routing table have increased rapidly along with an increase in the number of edge networks. The relation between edge network quantity and routing table size/dynamics reveals a major limitation in the current architecture. In this paper we introduce the two problematics target as the main cause for the Internet scalability issue. Subsequently, we describe the different proposals that address the scalability problem. We group them in three categories: Separation, Elimination and Geographic
- Published
- 2009
28. Managing Interdomain Traffic in Latin America: A New Perspective based on LISP
- Author
-
Yannuzzi, Marcelo, Masip Bruin, Xavier|||0000-0002-4755-556X, Grampin Castro, Eduardo, Gagliano Molla, Roque, Castro Casales, Alberto, Germán Duarte, Martín, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Arquitectura de Computadors, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Teoria del Senyal i Comunicacions, and Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. ANA - Grup d'Arquitectures Avançades de Xarxes
- Subjects
LISP (Computer program language) ,Enginyeria de la telecomunicació::Telemàtica i xarxes d'ordinadors [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC] ,LISP (Llenguatge de programació) ,ComputerSystemsOrganization_COMPUTER-COMMUNICATIONNETWORKS ,Data Traffic Management System (Computer system) ,Telecomunicació -- Tràfic ,Enginyeria de la telecomunicació::Telemàtica i xarxes d'ordinadors::Trànsit de dades [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC] - Abstract
The characteristics of Latin American network infrastructures have global consequences, particularly in the area of interdomain traffic engineering. As an example, Latin America shows the largest de-aggregation factor of IP prefixes among all regional Internet registries, being proportionally the largest contributor to the growth and dynamics of the global BGP routing table. In this article we analyze the peculiarities of LA interdomain routing architecture, and provide up-to-date data about the combined effects of the multihoming and TE practices in the region. We observe that the Internet Research Task Force initiative on the separation of the address space into locators and identifiers can not only alleviate the growth and dynamics of the global routing table, but can also offer appealing TE opportunities for LA. We outline one of the solutions under discussion at the IRTF, the Locator/Identifier Separation Protocol, and examine its potential in terms of interdomain traffic management in the context of LA. The key advantage of LISP is its nondisruptive nature, but the existing proposals for its control plane have some problems that may hinder its possible deployment. In light of this, we introduce a promising control plane for LISP that can solve these issues, and at the same time has the potential to bridge the gap between intradomain and interdomain traffic management.
- Published
- 2009
29. Introduction to IP over WDM
- Author
-
Spadaro, Salvatore|||0000-0002-4100-1726, Careglio, Davide|||0000-0002-7931-8147, Aracil Rico, Javier, Fernández Palacios, Juan Pedro, Jajszczyk, Andrzej, Larrabeiti, David, López, Víctor, Masip Bruin, Xavier|||0000-0002-4755-556X, Sánchez López, Sergio|||0000-0002-3922-2298, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Arquitectura de Computadors, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Teoria del Senyal i Comunicacions, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. CBA - Sistemes de Comunicacions i Arquitectures de Banda Ampla, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. ANA - Grup d'Arquitectures Avançades de Xarxes, and Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. GCO - Grup de Comunicacions Òptiques
- Subjects
Enginyeria de la telecomunicació::Telecomunicació òptica [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC] ,Wavelength division multiplexing ,ComputerSystemsOrganization_COMPUTER-COMMUNICATIONNETWORKS ,Multiplexatge per divisió de freqüència - Abstract
The simple idea of having IP traffic directly transported over optical Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) technology (“Internet Protocol (IP) over WDM”) has been envisioned as the future for the telecommunication infrastructure. The key point in this infrastructure becomes the switching layer between ubiquitous IP-centric networks and WDM physical layer. An intense debate has been ongoing about which model to adopt, aiming at identifying the degree of optical transparency and the proper flexibility of optical interconnection. Expected migration of switching functions from electronic to optics will be gradual, and will take place in several phases. The first phase is presented in this chapter. It is characterised by the use of the wavelength as a switching granularity; the terms optical circuit switching (Optical Circuit Switching (OCS)), wavelength switching and wavelength routed network are commonly and indifferently used.
- Published
- 2009
30. Avoiding Path-Vectors in Multi-Domain Optical Networks
- Author
-
Yannuzzi, Marcelo, Masip Bruin, Xavier, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Arquitectura de Computadors, and Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. ANA - Grup d'Arquitectures Avançades de Xarxes
- Subjects
Enginyeria de la telecomunicació::Telecomunicació òptica [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC] ,Optical communications ,Computer Science::Networking and Internet Architecture ,Algorismes computacionals ,Comunicacions òptiques ,Informàtica::Arquitectura de computadors [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC] ,Computer algorithms - Abstract
We show that a modified version of a path-vector protocol can drastically reduce the blocking and converge significantly faster, while exchanging less number of routing messages both during failure-free conditions and during a convergence.
- Published
- 2009
31. Optical Multi-Domain Routing
- Author
-
Masip Bruin, Xavier|||0000-0002-4755-556X and Yannuzzi, Marcelo
- Subjects
Enginyeria de la telecomunicació::Telecomunicació òptica [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC] ,Optical communications ,Algorismes computacionals ,Comunicacions òptiques ,Computer algorithms ,Informàtica::Arquitectura de computadors [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC] - Abstract
Optical networks provide a clear opportunity to redesign the multi-domain routing paradigm. This paper reviews the current limitations in multi-domain routing as well as some of the research lines in the optical area.
- Published
- 2009
32. Advantages of a PCE-based control plane for LISP
- Author
-
Castro Casales, Alberto, Germán Duarte, Martín, Gagliano Molla, Roque, Grampin Castro, Eduardo, Masip Bruin, Xavier|||0000-0002-4755-556X, Yannuzzi, Marcelo, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Arquitectura de Computadors, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Teoria del Senyal i Comunicacions, and Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. ANA - Grup d'Arquitectures Avançades de Xarxes
- Subjects
ComputerSystemsOrganization_COMPUTER-COMMUNICATIONNETWORKS ,Data Traffic Management System (Computer system) ,Enginyeria de la telecomunicació::Telemàtica i xarxes d'ordinadors::Trànsit de dades [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC] - Abstract
The Locator/Identifier Separation Protocol (LISP) is one of the candidate solutions to address the scalability issues in inter-domain routing. The current proposals for its control plane (e.g., ALT, CONS, NERD) have various shortcomings, including the potential dropping of packets at LISP routers during the resolution of the EID-to-RLOC mapping. In this paper, we introduce a new Control Plane (CP) for LISP supported by an architecture that borrows concepts from both the Path Computation Element (PCE) and Intelligent Route Control (IRC). Our CP is able to tackle three different problems simultaneously: (i) packets sourced from end-hosts are neither dropped nor queued during the mapping resolution; (ii) the EID-to-RLOC mapping can be obtained and configured approximately within the DNS resolution time needed to fetch the destination EID address; and (iii) our approach can blend IRC with the PCE capabilities, to perform upstream/ downstream Traffic Engineering (TE) through the dynamic management of the mappings. In particular, our CP supports the utilization of different LISP ingress and egress local routers for the same flow sourced from a domain.
- Published
- 2008
33. Mechanisms to Reduce Routing Information Inaccuracy Effects: Application to MPLS and WDM Networks
- Author
-
Masip Bruin, Xavier, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Arquitectura de Computadors, Solé Pareta, Josep, and Domingo Pascual, Jordi
- Subjects
3304. Tecnologia dels ordinadors ,xarxes òptiques ,Informàtica [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC] ,routing ,MPLS ,quality of service ,RWA ,routing inaccuracy ,Internet -- Qualitat dels serveis ,621.3 - Abstract
Les xarxes IP tradicionals utilitzen el model de transmissió "best-effort" per transportar tràfic entre clients de la xarxa. Aquest model de transmissió de tràfic no és el més adequat per les aplicacions en temps real com per exemple, vídeo sota demanda, conferències multimedia o realitat virtual que per altra banda tenen cada cop més adeptes entre els clients de la xarxa. A fi de garantir el correcte funcionament d'aquest tipus d'aplicacions, l'estructura de la xarxa ha de ser substancialment modificada amb l'objectiu final de poder optimitzar els seus propis recursos i així poder fer front a aquells tipus de tràfics i de clients que requereixen certes garanties de "Qualitat de Servei" (QoS) per a la seva correcta transmissió.Aquestes modificacions o millores de la xarxa poden ser perfectament realitzades sota l'entorn d'Enginyeria de Tràfic (Traffic Engineering, TE). Dos són els principals aspectos relacionats amb el funcionament de la xarxa en aquest entorn de TE: els mecanismes de commutació i els mecanismes d'encaminament. Així, per una banda es necessita un mecanisme de commutació molt ràpid en els nodes interns de la xarxa a fi de que els paquets de dades puguin ser processats amb el menor temps possible. En xarxes IP aquest objectiu s'aconsegueix amb el Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS). Per altra banda, a fi de garantir certa QoS, les decisions d'encaminament s'han de realitzar tenint en compte quines són les restriccions de QoS sol·licitades per el node client que origina el tràfic. Aquest objectiu s'aconsegueix modificant els esquemes d'encaminament tradicionals, incorporant-hi els paràmetres de QoS en les decisions d'encaminament, generant el que es coneix com algorismes d'encaminament amb QoS (QoS routing).Centrant-nos en aquest darrer aspecte, la majoria dels algorismes d'encaminament amb QoS existents, realitzen la selecció de la ruta a partir de la informació d'estat de l'enllaç emmagatzemada en les bases de dades d'estat de l'enllaç contingudes en els nodes. Per poder garantir que els successius canvis en l'estat de la xarxa estiguin perfectament reflectits en aquesta informació d'encaminament, el protocol d'encaminament ha d'incloure un mecanisme d'actualització que faci possible garantir que la selecció de les rutes es fa a partir d'informació acurada de l'estat real de la xarxa. En un entorn IP tradicional, el qual inicialment no inclou paràmetres de QoS, els canvis produïts en la informació d'encaminament són tan sols deguts a modificacions en la topologia i connectivitat de la xarxa. En aquest entorn, donat que la freqüència en la qual s'espera rebre missatges advertint d'aquestes modificacions no és elevada, la majoria dels mecanismes d'actualització es basen en la inclusió d'un cert període de refresc. Així, les bases de dades s'actualitzen periòdicament mitjançant la distribució d'uns missatges que informen a la resta de nodes de l'estat de la xarxa,a fi de que cada node pugui actualitzar la seva base de dades.No obstant això, hem de tenir en compte que en aquelles xarxes IP/MPLS altament dinàmiques amb requeriments de QoS, aquest mecanisme d'actualització basat en un refresc periòdic no serà útil. Això és degut a la rigidesa que presenta aquest mecanisme, la qual fa que no sigui aplicable a un entorn que presenti contínues variacions del paràmetres dels enllaços cada cop que s'estableixi o s'alliberi una connexió (ara a més de la topologia i connectivitat, s'inclouen paràmetres de QoS, com ampla de banda, retard, variació del retard, etc.). Per tot això, s'haurà de generar un mecanisme d'actualització molt més eficient que sigui capaç de mantenir les bases de dades dels nodes perfectament actualitzades reflectint els continus canvis en l'estat de la xarxa. L'alta granularitat d'aquest mecanisme provocarà una sobrecàrrega de la xarxa, degut a l'enorme quantitat de missatges d'actualització que seran necessaris per poder mantenir informació actualitzada en les bases de dades d'estat de l'enllaç en cada node.Per reduir aquesta sobrecàrrega de senyalització apareixen les polítiques d'activació (triggering policies) que tenen per objectiu determinar en quin moment un node ha d'enviar un missatge d'actualització a la resta de nodes de la xarxa advertint-los de les variacions produïdes en els seus enllaços. Desafortunadament, l'ús d'aquestes polítiques d'activació produeix un efecte negatiu sobre el funcionament global de la xarxa. En efecte, si l'actualització de la informació de l'estat de l'enllaç en els nodes no es fa cada cop que aquesta informació es veu modificada, sinó que es fa d'acord a una certa política d'activació, no es podrà garantir que aquesta informació representi de forma acurada l'esta actual de la xarxa en tot moment. Això pot provocar una selecció no òptima de la ruta seleccionada i un increment en la probabilitat de bloqueig de noves connexions a la xarxa., Las redes IP tradicionales utilizan el modelo de transmisión best-effort para transportar tráfico entre clientes de la red. Es bien sabido que este modelo de transmisión de tráfico no es el más adecuado para las aplicaciones en tiempo real, tales como video bajo demanda, conferencias multimedia o realidad virtual, que cada vez son más de uso común entre los clientes de la red. Para garantizar el correcto funcionamiento de dichas aplicaciones la estructura de la red debe ser modificada a fin de optimizar la utilización de sus propios recursos y para poder hacer frente a aquellos tráficos que requieran ciertas garantías de Calidad de Servicio (QoS) para su correcta transmisión.Estas modificaciones o mejoras de la red pueden ser perfectamente realizadas bajo el entorno de Traffic Engineering (TE). Dos son los principales aspectos relacionados con el funcionamiento de la red en el entorno de TE: los mecanismos de conmutación y los mecanismos de encaminamiento. Así, por una parte, se necesita un mecanismo de conmutación muy rápido en los nodos intermedios de la red a fin de que los paquetes de datos puedan ser procesados con el menor tiempo posible. En redes IP este objetivo se consigue con el Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS). Por otra parte a fin de garantizar cierta QoS, las decisiones de encaminamiento se deben realizar acorde con los parámetros de QoS requeridos por el cliente que origina tráfico. Este objetivo se consigue modificando los esquemas de encaminamiento tradicionales e incorporando parámetros de QoS en las decisiones de encaminamiento, lo que deriva en la generación de encaminamiento con QoS (QoS routing).Centrándonos en este último aspecto de encaminamiento, la mayoría de los algoritmos de QoS routing existentes realizan la selección de la ruta a partir de la información de estado del enlace que está almacenada en las bases de datos de estado del enlace contenidas en los nodos. A fin de garantizar que los sucesivos cambios en el estado de la red estén perfectamente reflejados en dicha información, el mecanismo de encaminamiento debe incorporar un mecanismo de actualización cuyo objetivo sea garantizar que las decisiones de encaminamiento se realizan a partir de información fidedigna del estado de la red. En un entorno IP tradicional, el cual no incluye parámetros de QoS, los cambios producidos en dicha información son los debidos a modificaciones en la topología y conectividad. En dicho entorno dado que no son esperadas frecuentes variaciones de la topología de la red, la mayoría de los mecanismos de actualización están basados en la inclusión de un cierto periodo de refresco.Sin embargo, en redes IP/MPLS altamente dinámicas con requerimientos de QoS, este mecanismo de actualización no será adecuado debido a su rigidez y a las continuas variaciones de los parámetros de los enlaces (que ahora incluirá parámetros de QoS, tales como, ancho de banda, retardo, variación del retado, etc.) que se producirán cada vez que se establezca/libere una conexión. Por tanto, se deberá generar un mecanismo de actualización mucho más eficiente que sea capaz de actualizar las bases de datos de los nodos a fin de reflejar las constantes variaciones del estado de la red. La alta granularidad de este mecanismo provocará una sobrecarga de la red, debido a la enorme cantidad de mensajes de actualización necesarios para mantener información actualizada del estado de la red. Para reducir esta sobrecarga de señalización aparecen las políticas de disparo (triggering policies), cuyo objetivo es determinar en qué momento un nodo debe enviar un mensaje de actualización al resto de nodos de la red advirtiéndoles de las variaciones producidas en sus enlaces.Desafortunadamente el uso de dichas políticas de disparo produce un efecto negativo sobre el funcionamiento global de la red. En efecto, si la actualización de la información de estado del enlace en los nodos no se realiza cada vez que dicha información es modificada sino de acuerdo con cierta política de disparo, no se puede garantizar que dicha información represente fielmente el estado de la red. Así, la selección de la ruta, podrá ser realizada basada en información inexacta o imprecisa del estado de lo red, lo cual puede provocar una selección no óptima de la ruta y un incremento en la probabilidad de bloqueo de la red.Esta Tesis se centra en definir y solucionar el problema de la selección de rutas bajo información inexacta o imprecisa de la red (routing inaccuracy problem). Se consideran dos escenarios de trabajo, las actuales redes MPLS y las futuras redes WDM, para los cuales se propone un nuevo mecanismo de encaminamiento: BYPASS Based Routing (BBR) para redes IP/MPLS y BYPASS Based Optical Routing (BBOR) para redes WDM. Ambos mecanismos de encaminamiento se basan en un concepto común denominado "bypass dinámico".El concepto de "bypass dinámico" permite que un nodo intermedio de la red encamine el mensaje de establecimiento que ha recibido del nodo fuente, a través de una ruta distinta a la calculada por el nodo fuente (y explícitamente indicada en el mensaje de establecimiento), cuando detecte que inesperadamente el enlace de salida no dispone de recursos suficientes para soportar las garantías de QoS requeridas por la conexión a establecer. Estas rutas alternativas, denominadas bypass-paths, son calculadas por el nodo fuente o de entrada a la red simultáneamente con la ruta principal para ciertos nodos intermedios de la misma. En redes IP/MPLS el mecanismo BBR aplica el concepto de "bypass dinámico" a las peticiones de conexión con restricciones de ancho de banda. En cambio, en redes WDM, el mecanismo BBOR aplica el concepto de "bypass dinámico" a la hora de asignar una longitud de onda por la cual se va a transmitir el trafico., Traditional IP networks are based on the best effort model to transport traffic flowsbetween network clients. Since this model cannot properly support the requirements demanded by several emerging real time applications (such as video on demand, multimedia conferences or virtual reality), some modifications in the network structure, mainly oriented to optimise network performance, are required in order to provide Quality of Service (QoS) guarantees.Traffic Engineering is an excellent framework to achieve these network enhancements.There are two main aspects in this context that strongly interact with network performance: switching mechanisms and routing mechanisms. On one hand, a quick switching mechanism is required to reduce the processing time in the intermediate nodes. In IP networks this behaviour is obtained by introducing Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS). On the other hand, a powerful routing mechanism that includes QoS attributes when selecting routes (QoS Routing) is also required.Focusing on the latter aspect, most QoS routing algorithms select paths based on the information contained in the network state databases stored in the network nodes. Because of this, routing mechanisms must include an updating mechanism to guarantee that the network state information perfectly represents the current network state. Since network state changes (topology) are not produced very often, in conventional IP networks without QoS capabilities, most updating mechanisms are based on a periodic refresh.In contrast, in highly dynamic large IP/MPLS networks with QoS capabilities a finer updating mechanism is needed. This updating mechanism generates an important and nondesirablesignalling overhead if maintaining accurate network state information is pursued. To reduce the signalling overhead, triggering policies are used. The main function of a triggering policy is to determine when a network node must advertise changes in its directly connected links to other network nodes. As a consequence of reduced signalling, the information in the network state databases might not represent an accurate picture of the actual network state.Hence, path selection may be done according to inaccurate routing information, which could cause both non-optimal path selection and an increase in connection blocking frequency.This Thesis deals with this routing inaccuracy problem, introducing new mechanisms to reduce the effects on global network performance when selecting explicit paths under inaccurate routing information. Two network scenarios are considered, namely current IP/MPLS networks and future WDM networks, and one routing mechanism per scenario is suggested:BYPASS Based Routing (BBR) for IP/MPLS and BYPASS Based Optical Routing (BBOR) for WDM networks. Both mechanisms are based on a common concept, which is defined as dynamic bypass.According to the dynamic bypass concept, whenever an intermediate node along the selected path (unexpectedly) does not have enough resources to cope with the incoming MPLS/optical-path demand requirements, it has the capability to reroute the set-up message through alternative pre-computed paths (bypass-paths). Therefore, in IP/MPLS networks the BBR mechanism applies the dynamic bypass concept to the incoming LSP demands under bandwidth constraints, and in WDM networks the BBOR mechanism applies the dynamic bypass concept when selecting light-paths (i.e., selecting the proper wavelength in both wavelength selective and wavelength interchangeable networks). The applicability of the proposed BBR and the BBOR mechanisms is validated by simulation and compared with existing methods on their respective network scenarios. These network scenarios have been selected so that obtained results may be extrapolated to a realistic network.
- Published
- 2003
34. Mechanisms to Reduce Routing Information Inaccuracy Effects: Application to MPLS and WDM Networks
- Author
-
Masip Bruin, Xavier|||0000-0002-4755-556X, Solé Pareta, Josep, and Domingo Pascual, Jordi
- Subjects
3304. Tecnologia dels ordinadors ,xarxes òptiques ,routing ,Informàtica [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC] ,MPLS ,quality of service ,RWA ,routing inaccuracy ,Internet -- Qualitat dels serveis - Abstract
Les xarxes IP tradicionals utilitzen el model de transmissió "best-effort" per transportar tràfic entre clients de la xarxa. Aquest model de transmissió de tràfic no és el més adequat per les aplicacions en temps real com per exemple, vídeo sota demanda, conferències multimedia o realitat virtual que per altra banda tenen cada cop més adeptes entre els clients de la xarxa. A fi de garantir el correcte funcionament d'aquest tipus d'aplicacions, l'estructura de la xarxa ha de ser substancialment modificada amb l'objectiu final de poder optimitzar els seus propis recursos i així poder fer front a aquells tipus de tràfics i de clients que requereixen certes garanties de "Qualitat de Servei" (QoS) per a la seva correcta transmissió.Aquestes modificacions o millores de la xarxa poden ser perfectament realitzades sota l'entorn d'Enginyeria de Tràfic (Traffic Engineering, TE). Dos són els principals aspectos relacionats amb el funcionament de la xarxa en aquest entorn de TE: els mecanismes de commutació i els mecanismes d'encaminament. Així, per una banda es necessita un mecanisme de commutació molt ràpid en els nodes interns de la xarxa a fi de que els paquets de dades puguin ser processats amb el menor temps possible. En xarxes IP aquest objectiu s'aconsegueix amb el Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS). Per altra banda, a fi de garantir certa QoS, les decisions d'encaminament s'han de realitzar tenint en compte quines són les restriccions de QoS sol·licitades per el node client que origina el tràfic. Aquest objectiu s'aconsegueix modificant els esquemes d'encaminament tradicionals, incorporant-hi els paràmetres de QoS en les decisions d'encaminament, generant el que es coneix com algorismes d'encaminament amb QoS (QoS routing).Centrant-nos en aquest darrer aspecte, la majoria dels algorismes d'encaminament amb QoS existents, realitzen la selecció de la ruta a partir de la informació d'estat de l'enllaç emmagatzemada en les bases de dades d'estat de l'enllaç contingudes en els nodes. Per poder garantir que els successius canvis en l'estat de la xarxa estiguin perfectament reflectits en aquesta informació d'encaminament, el protocol d'encaminament ha d'incloure un mecanisme d'actualització que faci possible garantir que la selecció de les rutes es fa a partir d'informació acurada de l'estat real de la xarxa. En un entorn IP tradicional, el qual inicialment no inclou paràmetres de QoS, els canvis produïts en la informació d'encaminament són tan sols deguts a modificacions en la topologia i connectivitat de la xarxa. En aquest entorn, donat que la freqüència en la qual s'espera rebre missatges advertint d'aquestes modificacions no és elevada, la majoria dels mecanismes d'actualització es basen en la inclusió d'un cert període de refresc. Així, les bases de dades s'actualitzen periòdicament mitjançant la distribució d'uns missatges que informen a la resta de nodes de l'estat de la xarxa,a fi de que cada node pugui actualitzar la seva base de dades.No obstant això, hem de tenir en compte que en aquelles xarxes IP/MPLS altament dinàmiques amb requeriments de QoS, aquest mecanisme d'actualització basat en un refresc periòdic no serà útil. Això és degut a la rigidesa que presenta aquest mecanisme, la qual fa que no sigui aplicable a un entorn que presenti contínues variacions del paràmetres dels enllaços cada cop que s'estableixi o s'alliberi una connexió (ara a més de la topologia i connectivitat, s'inclouen paràmetres de QoS, com ampla de banda, retard, variació del retard, etc.). Per tot això, s'haurà de generar un mecanisme d'actualització molt més eficient que sigui capaç de mantenir les bases de dades dels nodes perfectament actualitzades reflectint els continus canvis en l'estat de la xarxa. L'alta granularitat d'aquest mecanisme provocarà una sobrecàrrega de la xarxa, degut a l'enorme quantitat de missatges d'actualització que seran necessaris per poder mantenir informació actualitzada en les bases de dades d'estat de l'enllaç en cada node.Per reduir aquesta sobrecàrrega de senyalització apareixen les polítiques d'activació (triggering policies) que tenen per objectiu determinar en quin moment un node ha d'enviar un missatge d'actualització a la resta de nodes de la xarxa advertint-los de les variacions produïdes en els seus enllaços. Desafortunadament, l'ús d'aquestes polítiques d'activació produeix un efecte negatiu sobre el funcionament global de la xarxa. En efecte, si l'actualització de la informació de l'estat de l'enllaç en els nodes no es fa cada cop que aquesta informació es veu modificada, sinó que es fa d'acord a una certa política d'activació, no es podrà garantir que aquesta informació representi de forma acurada l'esta actual de la xarxa en tot moment. Això pot provocar una selecció no òptima de la ruta seleccionada i un increment en la probabilitat de bloqueig de noves connexions a la xarxa. Las redes IP tradicionales utilizan el modelo de transmisión best-effort para transportar tráfico entre clientes de la red. Es bien sabido que este modelo de transmisión de tráfico no es el más adecuado para las aplicaciones en tiempo real, tales como video bajo demanda, conferencias multimedia o realidad virtual, que cada vez son más de uso común entre los clientes de la red. Para garantizar el correcto funcionamiento de dichas aplicaciones la estructura de la red debe ser modificada a fin de optimizar la utilización de sus propios recursos y para poder hacer frente a aquellos tráficos que requieran ciertas garantías de Calidad de Servicio (QoS) para su correcta transmisión.Estas modificaciones o mejoras de la red pueden ser perfectamente realizadas bajo el entorno de Traffic Engineering (TE). Dos son los principales aspectos relacionados con el funcionamiento de la red en el entorno de TE: los mecanismos de conmutación y los mecanismos de encaminamiento. Así, por una parte, se necesita un mecanismo de conmutación muy rápido en los nodos intermedios de la red a fin de que los paquetes de datos puedan ser procesados con el menor tiempo posible. En redes IP este objetivo se consigue con el Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS). Por otra parte a fin de garantizar cierta QoS, las decisiones de encaminamiento se deben realizar acorde con los parámetros de QoS requeridos por el cliente que origina tráfico. Este objetivo se consigue modificando los esquemas de encaminamiento tradicionales e incorporando parámetros de QoS en las decisiones de encaminamiento, lo que deriva en la generación de encaminamiento con QoS (QoS routing).Centrándonos en este último aspecto de encaminamiento, la mayoría de los algoritmos de QoS routing existentes realizan la selección de la ruta a partir de la información de estado del enlace que está almacenada en las bases de datos de estado del enlace contenidas en los nodos. A fin de garantizar que los sucesivos cambios en el estado de la red estén perfectamente reflejados en dicha información, el mecanismo de encaminamiento debe incorporar un mecanismo de actualización cuyo objetivo sea garantizar que las decisiones de encaminamiento se realizan a partir de información fidedigna del estado de la red. En un entorno IP tradicional, el cual no incluye parámetros de QoS, los cambios producidos en dicha información son los debidos a modificaciones en la topología y conectividad. En dicho entorno dado que no son esperadas frecuentes variaciones de la topología de la red, la mayoría de los mecanismos de actualización están basados en la inclusión de un cierto periodo de refresco.Sin embargo, en redes IP/MPLS altamente dinámicas con requerimientos de QoS, este mecanismo de actualización no será adecuado debido a su rigidez y a las continuas variaciones de los parámetros de los enlaces (que ahora incluirá parámetros de QoS, tales como, ancho de banda, retardo, variación del retado, etc.) que se producirán cada vez que se establezca/libere una conexión. Por tanto, se deberá generar un mecanismo de actualización mucho más eficiente que sea capaz de actualizar las bases de datos de los nodos a fin de reflejar las constantes variaciones del estado de la red. La alta granularidad de este mecanismo provocará una sobrecarga de la red, debido a la enorme cantidad de mensajes de actualización necesarios para mantener información actualizada del estado de la red. Para reducir esta sobrecarga de señalización aparecen las políticas de disparo (triggering policies), cuyo objetivo es determinar en qué momento un nodo debe enviar un mensaje de actualización al resto de nodos de la red advirtiéndoles de las variaciones producidas en sus enlaces.Desafortunadamente el uso de dichas políticas de disparo produce un efecto negativo sobre el funcionamiento global de la red. En efecto, si la actualización de la información de estado del enlace en los nodos no se realiza cada vez que dicha información es modificada sino de acuerdo con cierta política de disparo, no se puede garantizar que dicha información represente fielmente el estado de la red. Así, la selección de la ruta, podrá ser realizada basada en información inexacta o imprecisa del estado de lo red, lo cual puede provocar una selección no óptima de la ruta y un incremento en la probabilidad de bloqueo de la red.Esta Tesis se centra en definir y solucionar el problema de la selección de rutas bajo información inexacta o imprecisa de la red (routing inaccuracy problem). Se consideran dos escenarios de trabajo, las actuales redes MPLS y las futuras redes WDM, para los cuales se propone un nuevo mecanismo de encaminamiento: BYPASS Based Routing (BBR) para redes IP/MPLS y BYPASS Based Optical Routing (BBOR) para redes WDM. Ambos mecanismos de encaminamiento se basan en un concepto común denominado "bypass dinámico".El concepto de "bypass dinámico" permite que un nodo intermedio de la red encamine el mensaje de establecimiento que ha recibido del nodo fuente, a través de una ruta distinta a la calculada por el nodo fuente (y explícitamente indicada en el mensaje de establecimiento), cuando detecte que inesperadamente el enlace de salida no dispone de recursos suficientes para soportar las garantías de QoS requeridas por la conexión a establecer. Estas rutas alternativas, denominadas bypass-paths, son calculadas por el nodo fuente o de entrada a la red simultáneamente con la ruta principal para ciertos nodos intermedios de la misma. En redes IP/MPLS el mecanismo BBR aplica el concepto de "bypass dinámico" a las peticiones de conexión con restricciones de ancho de banda. En cambio, en redes WDM, el mecanismo BBOR aplica el concepto de "bypass dinámico" a la hora de asignar una longitud de onda por la cual se va a transmitir el trafico. Traditional IP networks are based on the best effort model to transport traffic flowsbetween network clients. Since this model cannot properly support the requirements demanded by several emerging real time applications (such as video on demand, multimedia conferences or virtual reality), some modifications in the network structure, mainly oriented to optimise network performance, are required in order to provide Quality of Service (QoS) guarantees.Traffic Engineering is an excellent framework to achieve these network enhancements.There are two main aspects in this context that strongly interact with network performance: switching mechanisms and routing mechanisms. On one hand, a quick switching mechanism is required to reduce the processing time in the intermediate nodes. In IP networks this behaviour is obtained by introducing Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS). On the other hand, a powerful routing mechanism that includes QoS attributes when selecting routes (QoS Routing) is also required.Focusing on the latter aspect, most QoS routing algorithms select paths based on the information contained in the network state databases stored in the network nodes. Because of this, routing mechanisms must include an updating mechanism to guarantee that the network state information perfectly represents the current network state. Since network state changes (topology) are not produced very often, in conventional IP networks without QoS capabilities, most updating mechanisms are based on a periodic refresh.In contrast, in highly dynamic large IP/MPLS networks with QoS capabilities a finer updating mechanism is needed. This updating mechanism generates an important and nondesirablesignalling overhead if maintaining accurate network state information is pursued. To reduce the signalling overhead, triggering policies are used. The main function of a triggering policy is to determine when a network node must advertise changes in its directly connected links to other network nodes. As a consequence of reduced signalling, the information in the network state databases might not represent an accurate picture of the actual network state.Hence, path selection may be done according to inaccurate routing information, which could cause both non-optimal path selection and an increase in connection blocking frequency.This Thesis deals with this routing inaccuracy problem, introducing new mechanisms to reduce the effects on global network performance when selecting explicit paths under inaccurate routing information. Two network scenarios are considered, namely current IP/MPLS networks and future WDM networks, and one routing mechanism per scenario is suggested:BYPASS Based Routing (BBR) for IP/MPLS and BYPASS Based Optical Routing (BBOR) for WDM networks. Both mechanisms are based on a common concept, which is defined as dynamic bypass.According to the dynamic bypass concept, whenever an intermediate node along the selected path (unexpectedly) does not have enough resources to cope with the incoming MPLS/optical-path demand requirements, it has the capability to reroute the set-up message through alternative pre-computed paths (bypass-paths). Therefore, in IP/MPLS networks the BBR mechanism applies the dynamic bypass concept to the incoming LSP demands under bandwidth constraints, and in WDM networks the BBOR mechanism applies the dynamic bypass concept when selecting light-paths (i.e., selecting the proper wavelength in both wavelength selective and wavelength interchangeable networks). The applicability of the proposed BBR and the BBOR mechanisms is validated by simulation and compared with existing methods on their respective network scenarios. These network scenarios have been selected so that obtained results may be extrapolated to a realistic network.
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- 2003
35. Circuit/Wavelength Switching and Routing : Report of the Achievements of the COST-action 266
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Colle, Didier, Cinkler, Tibor, De Maesschalck, Demeester, Piet, Gauger, Christoph, Inkret, Robert, Koehn, Martin, Lacković, Marko, Ljolje, Marije, Masip-Bruin, Xavier, Matiello, Mario, Mauz, Christian, Mikac, Branko, Pickavet, Mario, Puype, Bart, Sanchez-Lopez, Sergio, Schupke, Dominic, Sole-Pareta, Josep, Tomić, Slobodanka, and Yan, Qiang
- Subjects
circuit-switching ,WDM networks ,control plane ,routing and wavelength assignment ,IP-over-WDM ,optical virtual private networks - Abstract
The paper gives an overview of the work carried out during the course of the COST-266 action on circuit/wavelength switched network studies. Several subjects are discussed in detail in this paper. A first important topic deals with the different control plane models in single- and multi-domain networks. A second important issue is the routing and wavelength assignment problem, both in networks with static and dynamic traffic demands. Also the IP-over-OTN network architecture, envisaged to be the network architecture most suited for future transport networks, is discussed. Finally the study on optical private networks is presented.
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- 2003
36. Estimating Smart City sensors data generation.
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Sinaeepourfard, Amir, Garcia, Jordi, Masip-Bruin, Xavier, Marin-Tordera, Eva, Cirera, Jordi, Grau, Gloria, and Casaus, Francesc
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- 2016
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37. A data lifeCycle model for smart cities.
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Sinaeepourfard, Amir, Garcia, Jordi, Masip-Bruin, Xavier, Marin-Tordera, Eva, Yin, Xuefeng, and Wang, Chao
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- 2016
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38. An Hybrid Prediction-based Routing approach for reducing routing inaccuracy in optical transport networks.
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Ramirez, Wilson, Masip-Bruin, Xavier, Marin-Tordera, Eva, Yannuzzi, Marcelo, Martinez, Anny, Sanchez-Lopez, Sergio, and Lopez, Victor
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- 2014
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39. Methodology definition for reliable network experimentation.
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Serral-Gracia, Rene, Masip-Bruin, Xavier, Yannuzzi, Marcelo, and Marin-Tordera, Eva
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- 2013
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40. Multi-layer quality assessment framework for P2PTV applications.
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Serral-Gracia, Rene, Manzanilla, Anny Martinez, Marin-Tordera, Eva, Yannuzzi, Marcelo, and Masip-Bruin, Xavier
- Abstract
The success of Peer-to-Peer (P2P) overlay networks has led to its broad adoption on different scenarios, thereby increasing the set of features present on such protocols, e.g., audio and video-conferencing, streaming of multimedia content using Peer-to-Peer TeleVision (P2PTV), and so on. The wide acceptance of P2P multimedia streaming by the end-users has captured the attention of content providers, making it a suitable candidate to be adopted as technology for the offered multimedia services. Nevertheless, to deliver a proper service, content providers, need to quantify and assess the quality perceived by the users. In the past, this assessment was embedded into Service Level Agreements under the client/server paradigm, but with the introduction of P2P, these solutions became unsuitable. To overcome this limitation, we present a Monitoring and Management Framework to assess the Quality of Service and the Quality of Experience of multimedia traffic in any P2PTV streaming application. The proposed approach is designed to potentially assist management systems to actively assess the performance of existing streaming deployments. To demonstrate the usefulness of the system, we, as an use-case, deploy it in a real scenario where we analyze the performance of a particular streaming application in a P2PTV environment. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
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- 2012
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41. EQR: A New Energy-Aware Query-Based Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks.
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Ahvar, Ehsan, Serral-Gracià, René, Marín-Tordera, Eva, Masip-Bruin, Xavier, and Yannuzzi, Marcelo
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- 2012
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42. Optimal Routing for Minimum Wavelength Requirements in End-to-End Optical Burst Switching Rings.
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Hutchison, David, Kanade, Takeo, Kittler, Josef, Kleinberg, Jon M., Mattern, Friedemann, Mitchell, John C., Naor, Moni, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Rangan, C. Pandu, Steffen, Bernhard, Sudan, Madhu, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Tygar, Doug, Vardi, Moshe Y., Weikum, Gerhard, Tomkos, Ioannis, Neri, Fabio, Solé Pareta, Josep, Masip Bruin, Xavier, and Sánchez Lopez, Sergi
- Abstract
A novel routing and link dimensioning optimisation method which minimises the total wavelength requirements of dynamic optical WDM rings -the most popular topology in metropolitan networks- is proposed. The method finds the solution (set of routes) of minimum cost by solving an integer linear optimisation problem. Contrary to the common belief, results show that the optimal routes found by the proposed method are not necessarily balanced and that significant wavelength savings are achieved compared to the usual balanced-load routing approach in rings. This makes the proposed method the best choice for implementation in future dynamic WDM ring networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2007
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43. Regenerator Placement with Guaranteed Connectivity in Optical Networks.
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Hutchison, David, Kanade, Takeo, Kittler, Josef, Kleinberg, Jon M., Mattern, Friedemann, Mitchell, John C., Naor, Moni, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Rangan, C. Pandu, Steffen, Bernhard, Sudan, Madhu, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Tygar, Doug, Vardi, Moshe Y., Weikum, Gerhard, Tomkos, Ioannis, Neri, Fabio, Solé Pareta, Josep, Masip Bruin, Xavier, and Sánchez Lopez, Sergi
- Abstract
The problem of minimizing the number of optical nodes with signal regeneration capability can be constrained to guarantee a desired degree of end-to-end connectivity in the all-optical transport network. The problem can be formulated using a k-connected, k-dominating node set, which is a known approach in mobile ad hoc wireless networks. This paper presents a preliminary study aimed at establishing whether efficient centralized solutions to this problem in optical networking ought to be investigated to improve the decentralized solutions already available for wireless networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2007
- Full Text
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44. A Bayesian Decision Theory Approach for the Techno-Economic Analysis of an All-Optical Router.
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Hutchison, David, Kanade, Takeo, Kittler, Josef, Kleinberg, Jon M., Mattern, Friedemann, Mitchell, John C., Naor, Moni, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Rangan, C. Pandu, Steffen, Bernhard, Sudan, Madhu, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Tygar, Doug, Vardi, Moshe Y., Weikum, Gerhard, Tomkos, Ioannis, Neri, Fabio, Solé Pareta, Josep, Masip Bruin, Xavier, and Sánchez Lopez, Sergi
- Abstract
Typically, core networks are provided with both optical and electronic physical layers. However, the interaction between the two layers is at present limited, since most of the traditional transport functionalities, such as traffic engineering, switching and restoration, are carried in the IP/MPLS layer. In this light, the research community has paid little attention to the potential benefits of the interaction between layers, multilayer capabilities, on attempts to improve the Quality of Service control. This work shows when to move incoming Label Switched Paths (LSPs) between layers based on a multilayer mechanism that trades off a QoS metric, such as end-to-end delay, and techno-economic aspects. Such mechanism follows the Bayesian decision theory, and is tested with a set of representative case scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2007
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45. Cost Versus Flexibility of Different Capacity Leasing Approaches on the Optical Network Layer.
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Hutchison, David, Kanade, Takeo, Kittler, Josef, Kleinberg, Jon M., Mattern, Friedemann, Mitchell, John C., Naor, Moni, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Rangan, C. Pandu, Steffen, Bernhard, Sudan, Madhu, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Tygar, Doug, Vardi, Moshe Y., Weikum, Gerhard, Tomkos, Ioannis, Neri, Fabio, Solé Pareta, Josep, Masip Bruin, Xavier, and Sánchez Lopez, Sergi
- Abstract
This paper discusses different capacity leasing scenarios for the optical network. It aims at providing systematic understanding of cost structure of optical networks, without focusing on technical details. It reviews different kinds of capacity leasing approaches discussing the relative costs and the flexibility associated to them to adapt to future traffic needs. Then it applies the Real Options principles to evaluate the most convenient planning solution. Real Option valuation is shown to be the formalization of the natural way of valuating different alternatives under uncertainty, taking into account that information becoming available during the course of the planning horizon might influence the strategy followed. The goal of the paper is to give insight in the practical applicability of the technique for the network operator. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2007
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46. Extra Window Scheme for Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation in EPON.
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Hutchison, David, Kanade, Takeo, Kittler, Josef, Kleinberg, Jon M., Mattern, Friedemann, Mitchell, John C., Naor, Moni, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Rangan, C. Pandu, Steffen, Bernhard, Sudan, Madhu, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Tygar, Doug, Vardi, Moshe Y., Weikum, Gerhard, Tomkos, Ioannis, Neri, Fabio, Solé Pareta, Josep, Masip Bruin, Xavier, and Sánchez Lopez, Sergi
- Abstract
To ensure efficient data transmission for multimedia services in Ethernet passive optical networks (EPON) which are considered as a promising solution to the last-mile problem in the broadband access network, they employ the media access control (MAC) mechanism by sharing efficiently the bandwidth of all optical network units (ONUs) and by avoiding data collisions in the upstream channel. The representative dynamic bandwidth allocation scheme, Interleaved Polling with Adaptive Cycle Time (IPACT), is considered as a standard approach in services for requests of ONUs. It reduces the performance of the entire network in terms of mean packet delay and packet loss ratio, due to congestion for the case that an ONU has burst traffic or highly loaded traffic. To handle this, the proposed scheme varies the cycle length in the basic period center and guarantees a maximum window size per ONU. In this paper, the proposed scheme demonstrates enhanced performance in terms of mean packet delay and packet loss ratio, of up to 58% and 10%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
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47. Adaptive Moblile Spot Diffusing Transmiter for an Indoor Optical Wireless System.
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Hutchison, David, Kanade, Takeo, Kittler, Josef, Kleinberg, Jon M., Mattern, Friedemann, Mitchell, John C., Naor, Moni, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Rangan, C. Pandu, Steffen, Bernhard, Sudan, Madhu, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Tygar, Doug, Vardi, Moshe Y., Weikum, Gerhard, Tomkos, Ioannis, Neri, Fabio, Solé Pareta, Josep, Masip Bruin, Xavier, and Sánchez Lopez, Sergi
- Abstract
An adaptive approach is used to adjust the transmit power of each beam in a line strip multi-beam optical transmitter based on information about the quality of the received signal due to each spot. The system assumes a feedback link between the optical transceivers. Diversity detection is employed to combat the degrading effect of the background noise in the channel with a 7- detectors angle diversity receiver. Both the optical transmitter and the multibranch receiver are fully mobile. The performance of the system is evaluated for two weakest links and compared against that of a non-adaptive spot diffusing transmitter. Our results show that the adaptive transmitter produces a considerable gain of 12.9 dB in signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) when the distance separating the transceivers is largest in the case of a non mobile transmitter. Furthermore, a 6.8 dB increase in SNR is obtained for the mobile transmitter compared to the non-adaptive transmitter's scenario. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Prudent Creditization Polling (PCP): A Novel Adaptive Polling Service for an EPON.
- Author
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Hutchison, David, Kanade, Takeo, Kittler, Josef, Kleinberg, Jon M., Mattern, Friedemann, Mitchell, John C., Naor, Moni, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Rangan, C. Pandu, Steffen, Bernhard, Sudan, Madhu, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Tygar, Doug, Vardi, Moshe Y., Weikum, Gerhard, Tomkos, Ioannis, Neri, Fabio, Solé Pareta, Josep, Masip Bruin, Xavier, and Sánchez Lopez, Sergi
- Abstract
In this paper a novel adaptive bandwidth allocation scheme called Prudent Creditization Polling (PCP) is proposed and adapted with the reservation protocol IPACT. PCP attempts to reduce the average queue length at the ONUs and the average packet delay throughout the network. At each polling period, PCP attempts to creditize the request of the ONUs that suffer from high RTT, high average delay per packet, and high buffer growth. We implemented PCP with a fuzzy functional approach and a linear regression approach. We simulated PCP and several service disciplines in IPACT and compared their performance in terms of average packet delay and queue length. We show that PCP improves the performance of IPACT significantly in terms of the performance metrics aforementioned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
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49. Fast and Effective Dimensioning Algorithm for End-to-End Optical Burst Switching Networks with ON-OFF Traffic Model.
- Author
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Hutchison, David, Kanade, Takeo, Kittler, Josef, Kleinberg, Jon M., Mattern, Friedemann, Mitchell, John C., Naor, Moni, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Rangan, C. Pandu, Steffen, Bernhard, Sudan, Madhu, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Tygar, Doug, Vardi, Moshe Y., Weikum, Gerhard, Tomkos, Ioannis, Neri, Fabio, Solé Pareta, Josep, Masip Bruin, Xavier, and Sánchez Lopez, Sergi
- Abstract
A novel algorithm for fast dimensioning of end-to-end optical burst switching networks is proposed. The proposed method determines the number of wavelengths for each network link according to the traffic load, the routing algorithm and the required blocking probability per connection. The burst input traffic is modeled by an ON-OFF alternating renewal process, which is more realistic for OBS networks than the typically used Poisson model. Compared to the two most typically used dimensioning approaches, the proposed method results in significant lower wavelength requirements whilst achieving the same target blocking probability. Additionally, the proposed method takes less than one second to dimension the network links which makes it several orders of magnitude faster than the conventional simulation approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
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- View/download PDF
50. A Novel Burst Assembly Algorithm for Optical Burst Switched Networks Based on Learning Automata.
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Hutchison, David, Kanade, Takeo, Kittler, Josef, Kleinberg, Jon M., Mattern, Friedemann, Mitchell, John C., Naor, Moni, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Rangan, C. Pandu, Steffen, Bernhard, Sudan, Madhu, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Tygar, Doug, Vardi, Moshe Y., Weikum, Gerhard, Tomkos, Ioannis, Neri, Fabio, Solé Pareta, Josep, Masip Bruin, Xavier, and Sánchez Lopez, Sergi
- Abstract
Optical Burst Switching (OBS) is widely believed to be the technology for the future core network in the Internet. Burst assembly time at the ingress node is known to affect the traffic characteristics and loss distribution in the core network. We propose an algorithm for adapting the burst assembly time based on the observed loss pattern in the network. The proposed Learning-based Burst Assembly (LBA) algorithm uses learning automata which probe the loss in the network periodically and change the assembly time at the ingress node to a favorable one. We use a discrete set of values for the burst assembly time that can be selected and assign a probability to each of them. The probability of selecting an assembly time is updated depending on the loss measured over the path using a Linear Reward-Penalty (LR − P) scheme. The convergence of these probabilities eventually leads to the selection of an optimal burst assembly time that minimizes the burst loss probability (BLP) for any given traffic pattern. We present simulation results for different types of traffic and two network topologies to demonstrate that LBA achieves lower BLP compared to the fixed and adaptive burst assembly mechanisms existing in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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