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8. Cyclo His‐Pro Attenuates Muscle Degeneration in Murine Myopathy Models.

Author

De Masi, Alessia, Zanou, Nadège, Strotjohann, Keno, Lee, Dohyun, Lima, Tanes I., Li, Xiaoxu, Jeon, Jongsu, Place, Nicolas, Jung, Hoe‐Yune, and Auwerx, Johan

Subjects
*DUCHENNE muscular dystrophy, *MUSCLE diseases, *MUSCLE weakness, *MUSCULAR atrophy, *MYOSITIS, *SARCOPENIA, *SKELETAL muscle
Abstract

Among the inherited myopathies, a group of muscular disorders characterized by structural and metabolic impairments in skeletal muscle, Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) stands out for its devastating progression. DMD pathogenesis is driven by the progressive degeneration of muscle fibers, resulting in inflammation and fibrosis that ultimately affect the overall muscle biomechanics. At the opposite end of the spectrum of muscle diseases, age‐related sarcopenia is a common condition that affects an increasing proportion of the elderly. Although characterized by different pathological mechanisms, DMD and sarcopenia share the development of progressive muscle weakness and tissue inflammation. Here, the therapeutic effects of Cyclo Histidine‐Proline (CHP) against DMD and sarcopenia are evaluated. In the mdx mouse model of DMD, it is shown that CHP restored muscle contractility and force production, accompanied by the reduction of fibrosis and inflammation in skeletal muscle. CHP furthermore prevented the development of cardiomyopathy and fibrosis in the diaphragm, the two leading causes of death for DMD patients. CHP also attenuated muscle atrophy and functional deterioration in a mouse model of age‐related sarcopenia. These findings from two different models of muscle dysfunction hence warrant further investigation into the effects of CHP on muscle pathologies in animal models and eventually in patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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10. Mediterranean winter rainfall in phase with African monsoons during the past 1.36 million years

Author

Wagner, Bernd, Vogel, Hendrik, Francke, Alexander, Friedrich, Tobias, Donders, Timme, Lacey, Jack H., Leng, Melanie J., Regattieri, Eleonora, Sadori, Laura, Wilke, Thomas, Zanchetta, Giovanni, Albrecht, Christian, Bertini, Adele, Combourieu-Nebout, Nathalie, Cvetkoska, Aleksandra, Giaccio, Biagio, Grazhdani, Andon, Hauffe, Torsten, Holtvoeth, Jens, Joannin, Sebastien, Jovanovska, Elena, Just, Janna, Kouli, Katerina, Kousis, Ilias, Koutsodendris, Andreas, Krastel, Sebastian, Lagos, Markus, Leicher, Niklas, Levkov, Zlatko, Lindhorst, Katja, Masi, Alessia, Melles, Martin, Mercuri, Anna M., Nomade, Sebastien, Nowaczyk, Norbert, Panagiotopoulos, Konstantinos, Peyron, Odile, Reed, Jane M., Sagnotti, Leonardo, Sinopoli, Gaia, Stelbrink, Björn, Sulpizio, Roberto, Timmermann, Axel, Tofilovska, Slavica, Torri, Paola, Wagner-Cremer, Friederike, Wonik, Thomas, and Zhang, Xiaosen

Published
2019
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11. The recent evolution of the salt marsh 'Pantano Grande' (NE Sicily, Italy): interplay between natural and human activity over the last 3700 years.

Author

Palli, Jordan, Monaco, Lorenzo, Bini, Monica, Cosma, Emanuela, Giaccio, Biagio, Izdebski, Adam, Masi, Alessia, Mensing, Scott, Piovesan, Gianluca, Rossi, Veronica, Sadori, Laura, Wagner, Bernd, and Zanchetta, Giovanni

Subjects
SALT marshes, ANTHROPOGENIC effects on nature, HISTORY of the Mediterranean Region, CHEMICAL fingerprinting, VOLCANIC ash, tuff, etc.
Abstract

Combined natural processes and human activities shaped the late Holocene landscape history in many Mediterranean regions. This is especially true with areas subjected to specific human interest, such as coastal areas morphologically suitable to the establishment of harbours. Here, we test the hypothesis on the location of the Roman harbour Portus Trajectus in Peloro Cape (NE Sicily, Italy) and describe the evolution of the area over the last 3700 years through lithostratigraphic, geochemical, meiofauna and microfossil analyses performed on a new sediment core recovered from the coastal salt marsh Pantano Grande (aka Lago di Ganzirri). The age–depth model was developed on radiocarbon dates and geochemical fingerprinting of two tephra layers. Results indicate that the area underwent dramatic changes ca. 650 bce. The anthropogenic impact of Greek colonies may have contributed to modifying the coastal environment of Peloro Cape due to their widespread impact on natural resources. This happened at many localities in the Mediterranean, indicating the magnitude of impact of the Greek colonies over the landscape. According to our results, it is unlikely that the current Pantano Grande basin was used as a harbour in Roman times, although the presence of a harbour in the nearby Pantano Piccolo marsh cannot be excluded. Pantano Grande had been isolated from the sea for more than 2000 years. Human intervention in the 19th century halted that isolation and provided the background for the ecological, economic and social functions the salt marsh performs today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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12. Contrasted climate patterns during the Holocene in the central Mediterranean inferred from pollen data

Author

D’oliveira, Léa, Joannin, Sébastien, Ménot, Guillemette, Blache, Marion, Mary, Robles, Dugerdil, Lucas, Brugiapaglia, E, Masi, Alessia, Florenzano, Assunta, Mercuri, Anna, Sadori, Laura, Peyron, Odile, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi del Molise = University of Molise (UNIMOL), Dipartimento di biologia ambientale, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), Laboratory of Palynology and Palaeobotany, Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy, Dipartimento di Biologia Vegetale, Laboratoire de chrono-écologie - CNRS (UMR6565) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)

Subjects
[SDE]Environmental Sciences
Abstract

In the central Mediterranean region, many studies suggest that the Holocene is characterized by complex and different climatic trends on either side of latitude 40°N. This particularity in the regional climate system has been highlighted by multiple proxies showing contrasting trends of climate variations. Chironomid temperature-based reconstructions indicate the presence of a thermal optimum in Italy (10,000-7,000 cal. BP), contradicting the pollen-inferred quantification of Europe. Those discrepancies point to the need for further investigation concerning the Holocene climate of the Mediterranean region. To date, various studies have attempted to quantify the climate signal through different approaches without being able to propose a consistent climate reconstruction between proxies and sites.In this context, and in the frame of the ANR project AUTUMNS-LAMBS, a multi-proxy method (brGDGTs and pollen) has been developed to quantify the Holocene climate in the central Mediterranean through a regional approach using multiple sites in Italy and Greece. We show here the results mainly based on pollen data, which is based on a collection of multiple sites, extracted from international pollen databases (NEOTOMA or European Pollen Database). The pollen-inferred climate is quantified by a multimethod approach, using four different methods (MAT, WAPLS, BRT and RF) and three modern databases (regional and global).This study highlights similar climatic trends and inter-regional differences in the central Mediterranean region. Results show that not all of Europe is marked by a thermal optimum and that a longitudinal climatic gradient (40°N) in the central Mediterranean may have been present through the Holocene. In Italy, pollen and brGDGTs show a thermal optimum in the northern and central regions for the early and mid-Holocene, which is coherent with other proxies such as chironomids. This thermal optimum is less marked in southern regions of Italy, highlighting the climatic differences on either side of latitude 40°N. The late Holocene shows a climate shift between the north and the south, with a central region colder than the northern and southern ones. Moreover, the spatial heterogeneity of the Holocene climate needs to be further investigated for a better understanding of the special and temporal specificity of this climate period.

Published
2023

14. Realising consilience: How better communication between archaeologists, historians and natural scientists can transform the study of past climate change in the Mediterranean

Author

Izdebski, Adam, Holmgren, Karin, Weiberg, Erika, Stocker, Sharon R., Büntgen, Ulf, Florenzano, Assunta, Gogou, Alexandra, Leroy, Suzanne A.G., Luterbacher, Jürg, Martrat, Belen, Masi, Alessia, Mercuri, Anna Maria, Montagna, Paolo, Sadori, Laura, Schneider, Adam, Sicre, Marie-Alexandrine, Triantaphyllou, Maria, and Xoplaki, Elena

Published
2016
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18. Archaeobotany in Italian ancient Roman harbours

Author

Sadori, Laura, Allevato, Emilia, Bellini, Cristina, Bertacchi, Andrea, Boetto, Giulia, Di Pasquale, Gaetano, Giachi, Gianna, Giardini, Marco, Masi, Alessia, Pepe, Caterina, Russo Ermolli, Elda, and Mariotti Lippi, Marta

Published
2015
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19. NYMPHA - Microalgae polysaccharides for cultural heritage preservation

Author

Medeghini, Laura, DI FAZIO, Melania, Masi, Alessia, Sadori, Laura, Cerafogli, Eleonora, Chiarucci, Cristina, Leonelli, Francesca, Amina, Antonacci, Masi, Annalisa, DI LUCA, Daniele, Rinaldi, Teresa, Marcella, Ioele, Carolina, Rigon, Eleonora, Gioventù, Miriam, Pitocco, Antonella Di Giovanni, Maria Speranza Storace, Gabriella, Pace, and Favero, Gabriele

Published
2023

21. An Environmental and Climate History of the Roman Expansion in Italy.

Author

Bernard, Seth, McConnell, Joseph, Di Rita, Federico, Michelangeli, Fabrizio, Magri, Donatella, Sadori, Laura, Masi, Alessia, Zanchetta, Giovanni, Bini, Monica, Celant, Alessandra, Trentacoste, Angela, Lodwick, Lisa, Samuels, J. Troy, Lippi, Marta Mariotti, Bellini, Cristina, Paparella, Claudia, Peralta, Dan-el Padilla, Tan, James, van Dommelen, Peter, and De Giorgi, Andrea U.

Subjects
ENVIRONMENTAL history, ROMAN history, COMMUNITIES
Abstract

A first synthesis of available data for the period of Rome's expansion in Italy (about 400–29 b.c.e.) shows the role of climate and environment in early Roman imperialism. Although global indices suggest a warmer phase with relatively few short-term climate events occuring around the same time as the expansion, local data emphasize the highly variable timing and expression of these trends. This variability casts doubt on ideas of a unitary, historically consequential "Roman Warm Period." The historical importance of climate and environment to socioeconomic development merits emphasis, but should be understood in terms of evolving, contingent forms of resilience and risk-mitigating behavior by Italian communities during Roman expansion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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23. The European Modern Pollen Database (EMPD) project

Author

Davis, Basil A. S., Zanon, Marco, Collins, Pamella, Mauri, Achille, Bakker, Johan, Barboni, Doris, Barthelmes, Alexandra, Beaudouin, Celia, Birks, H.J.B., Bjune, Anne E., Bozilova, Elissaveta, Bradshaw, Richard H. W., Brayshay, Barbara A., Brewer, Simon, Brugiapaglia, Elisabetta, Bunting, Jane, Connor, Simon E., de Beaulieu, Jacques-Louis, Edwards, Kevin, Ejarque, Ana, Fall, Patricia, Florenzano, Assunta, Fyfe, Ralph, Galop, Didier, Giardini, Marco, Giesecke, Thomas, Grant, Michael J., Guiot, Jöel, Jahns, Susanne, Jankovská, Vlasta, Juggins, Stephen, Karpińska-Kołaczek, Monika, Kołaczek, Piotr, Kühl, Norbert, Kuneš, Petr, Lapteva, Elena G., Leroy, Suzanne A. G., Leydet, Michelle, Guiot, José, Kahrmann, Marina, Sáez, José Antonio López, Masi, Alessia, Matthias, Isabelle, Mazier, Florence, Meltsov, Vivika, Mercuri, Anna Maria, Miras, Yannick, Mitchell, Fraser J. G., Morris, Jesse L., Naughton, Filipa, Nielsen, Anne Birgitte, Novenko, Elena, Odgaard, Bent, Ortu, Elena, Overballe-Petersen, Mette Venås, Pardoe, Heather S., Peglar, Silvia M., Pidek, Irena A., Sadori, Laura, Seppä, Heikki, Severova, Elena, Shaw, Helen, Święta-Musznicka, Joanna, Theuerkauf, Martin, Tonkov, Spassimir, Veski, Siim, van der Knaap, W. O., van Leeuwen, Jacqueline F. N., Woodbridge, Jessie, Zimny, Marcelina, and Kaplan, Jed O.

Published
2013

24. BIG DATA PALAEOECOLOGY: A NEW APPROACH IN PALYNOLOGY TO RECONSTRUCT HISTORICAL KEY EVENTS SUCH AS THE BLACK DEATH ACROSS EUROPE

Author

Masi, Alessia, Ana, Ejarque, Florenzano, Assunta, Katerina, Kouli, José Antonio Lopéz-Saéz, Reyes, Luelmo-Lautenschlaeger, Masci, Lucrezia, Florence, Mazier, Mercuri, ANNA MARIA, Jordan, Palli, Sebastian, Pérez-Diaz, Gianluca, Piovesa, Sadori, Laura, Vignola, Cristiano, and Adam, Izdebski

Subjects
Big data, Plague, Big data, Palynology, Plague, Palynology
Published
2022

26. Landscape Response to Dynamic Human Pressure in the Paliouras Lagoon, Halkidiki Peninsula, Macedonia, Greece.

Author

Masci, Lucrezia, Vignola, Cristiano, Liakopoulos, Georgios C., Kouli, Katerina, Koukousioura, Olga, Aidona, Elina, Moros, Matthias, Vouvalidis, Konstantinos, Izdebski, Adam, and Masi, Alessia

Subjects
DYNAMIC pressure, LAGOONS, PALYNOLOGY, DECIDUOUS forests, PENINSULAS, HORDEUM
Abstract

High-resolution pollen analysis of a sediment core recovered from Paliouras lagoon (Greece) allowed us to reconstruct the environmental dynamics of the Halkidiki peninsula during the last 4000 years. Palynological results have been interpreted and compared with detailed historical data, showing distinct phases of human-landscape interactions from the Bronze Age until recent times. Pollen spectra revealed an environment characterized by Mediterranean vegetation, mixed deciduous forest, and pine stands from the Late Bronze Age until the 11th century CE. The first signs of human impact were attested during the Archaic period with the cultivation of Olea, Castanea, and Vitis in the inland of the study area. An intensive land management was highlighted by arboriculture and cereal cultivation (Secale and Hordeum group) in Roman times. Late Antique-Early Medieval times coincided with less human pressure due to warfare-related crises, leading to the expansion of the forest and the abandonment of fields colonized by Amaranthaceae. A massive increase in pastoral activities, suggested by the high percentages of Cichorieae during the Ottoman period, is possibly linked to the significant demographic growth of the nearby city of Thessaloniki in the 16th century CE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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32. Mid-late Holocene vegetation history of the Argive Plain (Peloponnese, Greece) as inferred from a pollen record from ancient Lake Lerna.

Author

Vignola, Cristiano, Hättestrand, Martina, Bonnier, Anton, Finné, Martin, Izdebski, Adam, Katrantsiotis, Christos, Kouli, Katerina, Liakopoulos, Georgios C., Norström, Elin, Papadaki, Maria, Strandberg, Nichola A., Weiberg, Erika, and Masi, Alessia

Subjects
POLLEN, FOREST regeneration, HOLOCENE Epoch, PLAINS, HISTORICAL source material, OLIVE
Abstract

This study provides a high-resolution reconstruction of the vegetation of the Argive Plain (Peloponnese, Greece) covering 5000 years from the Early Bronze Age onwards. The well dated pollen record from ancient Lake Lerna has been interpreted in the light of archaeological and historical sources, climatic data from the same core and other regional proxies. Our results demonstrate a significant degree of human impact on the environments of the Argive Plain throughout the study period. During the Early Bronze Age evidence of a thermophilous vegetation is seen in the pollen record, representing the mixed deciduous oak woodland of the Peloponnesian uplands. The plain was mainly used for the cultivation of cereals, whereas local fen conditions prevailed at the coring site. Towards the end of this period an increasing water table is recorded and the fen turns into a lake, despite more arid conditions. In the Late Bronze Age, the presence of important palatial centres modified the landscape resulting in decrease of mixed deciduous oak woodland and increase in open land, partly used for grazing. Possibly, the human management produced a permanent hydrological change at Lake Lerna. From the Archaic period onwards the increasing human pressure in association with local drier conditions caused landscape instability, as attested by a dramatic alluvial event recorded in the Pinus curve at the end of the Hellenistic Age. Wet conditions coincided with Roman times and favoured a forest regeneration pattern in the area, at the same time as we see the most intensive olive cultivation in the pollen record. The establishment of an economic landscape primarily based on pastures is recorded in the Byzantine period and continues until modern times. Overgrazing and fires in combination with arid conditions likely caused degradation of the vegetation into garrigue, as seen in the area of the Argive Plain today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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33. Deep drilling reveals massive shifts in evolutionary dynamics after formation of ancient ecosystem

Author

Wilke, Thomas, Hauffe, Torsten, Jovanovska, Elena, Cvetkoska, Aleksandra, Donders, Timme, Ekschmitt, Klemens, Francke, Alexander, Lacey, Jack H., Levkov, Zlatko, Marshall, Charles R., Neubauer, Thomas A., Silvestro, Daniele, Vogel, Hendrik, Albrecht, Christian, Holtvoeth, Jens, Krastel, Sebastian, Leicher, Niklas, Leng, Melanie J., Lindhorst, Katja, Masi, Alessia, Ognjanova-Rumenova, Nadja, Panagiotopoulos, Konstantinos, Reed, Jane M., Sadori, Laura, Tofilovska, Slavica, Van Bocxlaer, Bert, Wagner-Cremer, Friederike, Wesselingh, Frank P., Wolters, Volkmar, Zanchetta, Giovanni, Zhang, Xiaosen, and Wagner, Bernd

Abstract

The scarcity of high-resolution empirical data directly tracking diversity over time limits our understanding of speciation and extinction dynamics and the drivers of rate changes. Here, we analyze a continuous species-level fossil record of endemic diatoms from ancient Lake Ohrid, along with environmental and climate indicator time series since lake formation 1.36 million years (Ma) ago. We show that speciation and extinction rates nearly simultaneously decreased in the environmentally dynamic phase after ecosystem formation and stabilized after deep-water conditions established in Lake Ohrid. As the lake deepens, we also see a switch in the macroevolutionary trade-off, resulting in a transition from a volatile assemblage of short-lived endemic species to a stable community of long-lived species. Our results emphasize the importance of the interplay between environmental/climate change, ecosystem stability, and environmental limits to diversity for diversification processes. The study also provides a new understanding of evolutionary dynamics in long-lived ecosystems.

Published
2020

40. The 4.2 ka BP Event in the Mediterranean Region: an overview

Author

Bini, Monica, Zanchetta, Giovanni, Perşoiu, Aurel, Cartier, Rosine, Català, Albert, Cacho, Isabel, Dean, Jonathan R., Rita, Federico, Drysdale, Russell N., Finnè, Martin, Isola, Ilaria, Jalali, Bassem, Lirer, Fabrizio, Magri, Donatella, Masi, Alessia, Marks, Leszek, Mercuri, Anna Maria, Peyron, Odile, Sadori, Laura, Sicre, Marie-Alexandrine, Welc, Fabian, Zielhofer, Christoph, and Brisset, Elodie

Abstract

The Mediterranean region and the Levant have returned some of the clearest evidence of a climatically dry period occurring around 4200 years ago. However, some regional evidence is controversial and contradictory, and issues remain regarding timing, progression, and regional articulation of this event. In this paper, we review the evidence from selected proxies (sea-surface temperature, precipitation, and temperature reconstructed from pollen, δ18O on speleothems, and δ18O on lacustrine carbonate) over the Mediterranean Basin to infer possible regional climate patterns during the interval between 4.3 and 3.8 ka. The values and limitations of these proxies are discussed, and their potential for furnishing information on seasonality is also explored. Despite the chronological uncertainties, which are the main limitations for disentangling details of the climatic conditions, the data suggest that winter over the Mediterranean involved drier conditions, in addition to already dry summers. However, some exceptions to this prevail – where wetter conditions seem to have persisted – suggesting regional heterogeneity in climate patterns. Temperature data, even if sparse, also suggest a cooling anomaly, even if this is not uniform. The most common paradigm to interpret the precipitation regime in the Mediterranean – a North Atlantic Oscillation-like pattern – is not completely satisfactory to interpret the selected data.

Published
2018

43. The environmental and evolutionary history of Lake Ohrid (FYROM/Albania): interim results from the SCOPSCO deep drilling project

Author

Wagner, Bernd, Wilke, Thomas, Francke, Alexander, Albrecht, Christian, Baumgarten, Henrike, Bertini, Adele, Combourieu Nebout, Nathalie, Cvetkoska, Aleksandra, Dapos, Addabbo, Michele, Donders, Timme, H., Föller, Kirstin, Giaccio, Biagio, Grazhdani, Andon, Hauffe, Torsten, Holtvoeth, Jens, Joannin, Sebastien, Jovanovska, Elena, Just, Janna, Kouli, Katerina, Koutsodendris, Andreas, Krastel, Sebastian, Lacey, Jack, H., Leicher, Niklas, Leng, Melanie, J., Levkov, Zlatko, Lindhorst, Katja, Masi, Alessia, Mercuri, Anna, M., Nomade, Sebastien, Nowaczyk, Norbert, Panagiotopoulos, Konstantinos, Peyron, Odile, Reed, Jane M., Regattieri, Eleonora, Sadori, Laura, Sagnotti, Leonardo, Stelbrink, Björn, Sulpizio, Roberto, Tofilovska, Slavica, Torri, Paola, Vogel, Hendrik, Wagner, Thomas, Wagner Cremer, Friederike, Wolff, George, A., Wonik, Thomas, Zanchetta, Giovanni, Zhang, Xiaosen S., Institute for Geology & Mineralogy Cologne, Université de Cologne, Institut Jacques Monod (IJM (UMR_7592)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Firenze [Firenze], Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen (JLU), Laboratory of Palaeobotany and Palynology, Utrecht University [Utrecht], PaleoEnvironnements et PaleobioSphere (PEPS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens = University of Athens (NKUA | UoA), Paleoenvironmental Dynamics Group, Institute of Earth Sciences, Heidelberg University, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel (CAU), NERC Isotope Geosciences Laboratory, British Geological Survey (BGS), Dipartimento di biologia ambientale, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' [Rome], Berkely Geochronology Center, GeoForschungsZentrum - Helmholtz-Zentrum Potsdam (GFZ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - UFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), University of Hull [United Kingdom], Dipartimiento di Scienze della Terra, University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Department of Vegetation Biology, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia - Sezione di Roma (INGV), Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, CIRISIVU Dpto Geomineralogico, Università degli studi di Bari, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Technische Universität Dresden (TUD), Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern, Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Centre de l'Asthme et des Allergies [CHU Trousseau], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Laboratorio di Palinologia e Paleobotanica, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Paléocéanographie (PALEOCEAN), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung = Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Water and Earth System Science Competence Cluster (WESS), Max Planck Institute for Chemistry (MPIC), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Bruegel, affiliation inconnue, Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra [Pisa], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Maison des Sciences de l'Homme et de l'Environnement Claude Nicolas Ledoux (MSHE), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Trousseau [APHP], Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique ( HNHP ), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle ( MNHN ) -Université de Perpignan Via Domitia ( UPVD ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier ( ISEM ), Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique ( iPLESP ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Trousseau [APHP], Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel ( CAU ), Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia [Reggio Emilia] ( UNIMORE ), GeoForschungsZentrum - Helmholtz-Zentrum Potsdam ( GFZ ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), University of Hull (UNITED KINGDOM), Università di Pisa, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research ( UFZ ), Water and Earth System Science Competence Cluster ( WESS ), Max Planck Institute for Chemistry ( MPIC ), Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra ( Università di Pisa ), Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Universität Bern [Bern] (UNIBE), Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence (UniFI), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro = University of Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Coastal dynamics, Fluvial systems and Global change, Palaeoecology, Palaeo-ecologie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Perpignan Via Domitia ( UPVD ) -Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle ( MNHN ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Maison des Sciences de l'Homme et de l'Environnement Claude Nicolas Ledoux ( MSHE ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] ( LGL-TPE ), École normale supérieure - Lyon ( ENS Lyon ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), UMR 7194 Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), and Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)

Subjects
[ SDU.OCEAN ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Pleistocene, Environmental change, Lake Ohrid, Evolution, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, lcsh:Life, Climate change, 580 Plants (Botany), 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Earth-Surface Processes, Behavior and Systematics, lcsh:QH540-549.5, [ SDU.ENVI ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, ecology, evolution, behavior and systematics, earth-surface processes, Glacial period, Tephra, Paleoclimatology, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, 550 Earth sciences & geology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Ecology, lcsh:QE1-996.5, 15. Life on land, lcsh:Geology, lcsh:QH501-531, Oceanography, climate variation, environmental change, glacial-interglacial cycle, Quaternary, Lake Ohrid, Macedonia [Southern Europe], 13. Climate action, Interglacial, Deed drilling, Physical geography, Tephrochronology, lcsh:Ecology, Quaternary, Geology
Abstract

This study reviews and synthesises existing information generated within the SCOPSCO (Scientific Collaboration on Past Speciation Conditions in Lake Ohrid) deep drilling project. The four main aims of the project are to infer (i) the age and origin of Lake Ohrid (Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia/Republic of Albania), (ii) its regional seismotectonic history, (iii) volcanic activity and climate change in the central northern Mediterranean region, and (iv) the influence of major geological events on the evolution of its endemic species. The Ohrid basin formed by transtension during the Miocene, opened during the Pliocene and Pleistocene, and the lake established de novo in the still relatively narrow valley between 1.9 and 1.3 Ma. The lake history is recorded in a 584 m long sediment sequence, which was recovered within the framework of the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP) from the central part (DEEP site) of the lake in spring 2013. To date, 54 tephra and cryptotephra horizons have been found in the upper 460 m of this sequence. Tephrochronology and tuning biogeochemical proxy data to orbital parameters revealed that the upper 247.8 m represent the last 637 kyr. The multi-proxy data set covering these 637 kyr indicates long-term variability. Some proxies show a change from generally cooler and wetter to drier and warmer glacial and interglacial periods around 300 ka. Short-term environmental change caused, for example, by tephra deposition or the climatic impact of millennial-scale Dansgaard–Oeschger and Heinrich events are superimposed on the long-term trends. Evolutionary studies on the extant fauna indicate that Lake Ohrid was not a refugial area for regional freshwater animals. This differs from the surrounding catchment, where the mountainous setting with relatively high water availability provided a refuge for temperate and montane trees during the relatively cold and dry glacial periods. Although Lake Ohrid experienced significant environmental change over the last 637 kyr, preliminary molecular data from extant microgastropod species do not indicate significant changes in diversification rate during this period. The reasons for this constant rate remain largely unknown, but a possible lack of environmentally induced extinction events in Lake Ohrid and/or the high resilience of the ecosystems may have played a role.

Published
2017

45. High-resolution late Holocene sedimentary cores record the long history of the city of Cádiz (south-western Spain).

Author

Salomon, Ferréol, Bernal-Casasola, Darío, Díaz, José J., Lara, Macarena, Domínguez-Bella, Salvador, Ertlen, Damien, Wassmer, Patrick, Adam, Pierre, Schaeffer, Philippe, Hardion, Laurent, Vittori, Cécile, Chapkanski, Stoil, Delile, Hugo, Schmitt, Laurent, Preusser, Frank, Trautmann, Martine, Masi, Alessia, Vignola, Cristiano, Sadori, Laura, and Morales, Jacob

Subjects
TSUNAMI warning systems, ENVIRONMENTAL history, EFFECT of human beings on climate change, GOAL (Psychology), ARCHAEOLOGICAL geology, HOLOCENE Epoch, COASTAL changes, TSUNAMIS
Abstract

Today, coastal cities worldwide are facing major changes resulting from climate change and anthropogenic forcing, which requires adaptation and mitigation strategies to be established. In this context, sedimentological archives in many Mediterranean cities record a multi-millennial history of environmental dynamics and human adaptation, revealing a long-lasting resilience. Founded by the Phoenicians around 3000 years ago, Cádiz (south-western Spain) is a key example of a coastal resilient city. This urban centre is considered to be one of the first cities of western Europe and has experienced major natural hazards during its long history, such as coastal erosion, storms, and also tsunamis (like the one in 1755 CE following the destructive Lisbon earthquake). In the framework of an international, joint archaeological and geoarchaeological project, three cores have been drilled in a marine palaeochannel that ran through the ancient city of Cádiz. These cores reveal a ≥50 m thick Holocene sedimentary sequence. Importantly, most of the deposits date from the 1st millennium BCE to the 1st millennium CE. This exceptional sedimentary archive will allow our scientific team to achieve its research goals, which are (1) to reconstruct the palaeogeographical evolution of this specific coastal area; (2) to trace the intensity of activities of the city of Cádiz based on archaeological data, as well as geochemical and palaeoecological indicators; and (3) to identify and date high-energy event deposits such as storms and tsunamis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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46. Erratum to: The European Modern Pollen Database (EMPD) project

Author

Davis, Basil A. S., Zanon, Marco, Collins, Pamella, Mauri, Achille, Bakker, Johan, Barboni, Doris, Barthelmes, Alexandra, Beaudouin, Celia, Birks, H. John B., Bjune, Anne E., Bozilova, Elissaveta, Bradshaw, Richard H. W., Brayshay, Barbara A., Brewer, Simon, Brugiapaglia, Elisabetta, Bunting, Jane, Connor, Simon E., de Beaulieu, Jacques-Louis, Edwards, Kevin J., Ejarque, Ana, Fall, Patricia, Florenzano, Assunta, Fyfe, Ralph, Galop, Didier, Giardini, Marco, Giesecke, Thomas, Grant, Michael J., Guiot, Jöel, Jahns, Susanne, Jankovská, Vlasta, Juggins, Stephen, Kahrmann, Marina, Karpińska-Kołaczek, Monika, Kołaczek, Piotr, Kühl, Norbert, Kuneš, Petr, Lapteva, Elena G., Leroy, Suzanne A. G., Leydet, Michelle, Sáez, José Antonio López, Masi, Alessia, Matthias, Isabelle, Mazier, Florence, Meltsov, Vivika, Mercuri, Anna Maria, Miras, Yannick, Mitchell, Fraser J. G., Morris, Jesse L., Naughton, Filipa, Nielsen, Anne Birgitte, Novenko, Elena, Odgaard, Bent, Ortu, Elena, Overballe-Petersen, Mette Venås, Pardoe, Heather S., Peglar, Silvia M., Pidek, Irena A., Sadori, Laura, Seppä, Heikki, Severova, Elena, Shaw, Helen, Święta-Musznicka, Joanna, Theuerkauf, Martin, Tonkov, Spassimir, Veski, Siim, van der Knaap, Pim (W. O.), van Leeuwen, Jacqueline F. N., Woodbridge, Jessie, Zimny, Marcelina, and Kaplan, Jed O.

Published
2013
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48. Pollen-based paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic change at Lake Ohrid (south-eastern Europe) during the past 500 ka

Author

Sadori, Laura, Koutsodendris, Andreas, Panagiotopoulos, Konstantinos, Masi, Alessia, Bertini, Adele, Combourieu-Nebout, Nathalie, Francke, Alexander, Kouli, Katerina, Joannin, Sébastien, Mercuri, Anna Maria, Peyron, Odile, Torri, Paola, Wagner, Bernd, Zanchetta, Giovanni, Sinopoli, Gaia, Donders, Timme H., Coastal dynamics, Fluvial systems and Global change, Palaeo-ecologie, Department of Vegetation Biology, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Paleoenvironmental Dynamics Group, Institute of Earth Sciences, Heidelberg University, Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' [Rome], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Coastal dynamics, Fluvial systems and Global change, and Palaeo-ecologie

Subjects
010506 paleontology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Evolution, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, lcsh:Life, Palynology, palaeoclimatology, Climate change, 01 natural sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Earth-Surface Processes, Paleontology, Refugium (population biology), Behavior and Systematics, lcsh:QH540-549.5, Paleoclimatology, Glacial period, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, palaeoclimatology, Palynology, Ecology, lcsh:QE1-996.5, Vegetation, 15. Life on land, lcsh:Geology, lcsh:QH501-531, 13. Climate action, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, earth-surface processes, ecology, evolution, behavior and systematics, Interglacial, Paleoecology, lcsh:Ecology, Geology
Abstract

Lake Ohrid is located at the border between FYROM (Former Yugoslavian Republic of Macedonia) and Albania and formed during the latest phases of Alpine orogenesis. It is the deepest, the largest and the oldest tectonic lake in Europe. To better understand the paleoclimatic and paleoenvironmental evolution of Lake Ohrid, deep drilling was carried out in 2013 within the framework of the Scientific Collaboration on Past Speciation Conditions (SCOPSCO) project that was funded by the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP). Preliminary results indicate that lacustrine sedimentation of Lake Ohrid started between 1.2 and 1.9 Ma ago. Here we present new pollen data (selected percentage and concentration taxa/groups) of the uppermost ∼ 200 m of the 569 m long DEEP core drilled in the depocentre of Lake Ohrid. The study is the fruit of a cooperative work carried out in several European palynological laboratories. The age model of this part of the core is based on 10 tephra layers and on tuning of biogeochemical proxy data to orbital parameters. According to the age model, the studied sequence covers the last ∼ 500 000 years at a millennial-scale resolution ( ∼ 1.6 ka) and records the major vegetation and climate changes that occurred during the last 12 (13 only pro parte) marine isotope stages (MIS). Our results indicate that there is a general good correspondence between forested/non-forested periods and glacial–interglacial cycles of the marine isotope stratigraphy. The record shows a progressive change from cooler and wetter to warmer and drier interglacial conditions. This shift in temperature and moisture availability is visible also in vegetation during glacial periods. The period corresponding to MIS11 (pollen assemblage zone OD-10, 428–368 ka BP) is dominated by montane trees such as conifers. Mesophilous elements such as deciduous and semi-deciduous oaks dominate forest periods of MIS5 (PASZ OD-3, 129–70 ka BP) and MIS1 (PASZ OD-1, 14 ka BP to present). Moreover, MIS7 (PASZ OD-6, 245–190 ka) shows a very high interglacial variability, with alternating expansions of montane and mesophilous arboreal taxa. Grasslands (open vegetation formations requiring relatively humid conditions) characterize the earlier glacial phases of MIS12 (PASZ OD-12, 488–459 ka), MIS10 (corresponding to the central part of PASZ OD-10, 428–366 ka) and MIS8 (PASZ OD-7, 288–245 ka). Steppes (open vegetation formations typical of dry environments) prevail during MIS6 (OD-5 and OD-4, 190–129 ka) and during MIS4-2 (PASZ OD-2, 70–14 ka). Our palynological results support the notion that Lake Ohrid has been a refugium area for both temperate and montane trees during glacials. Closer comparisons with other long southern European and Near Eastern pollen records will be achieved through ongoing high-resolution studies.

Published
2016

50. Aligning and synchronization of MIS5 proxy records from Lake Ohrid (FYROM) with independently dated Mediterranean archives: implications for DEEP core chronology

Author

Zanchetta, Giovanni, Regattieri, Eleonora, Giaccio, Biagio, Wagner, Bernd, Sulpizio, Roberto, Francke, Alex, Vogel, Hendrik, Sadori, Laura, Masi, Alessia, Sinopoli, Gaia, Lacey, Jack H., Leng, Melanie J., and Leicher, Niklas

Subjects
Mediterranean climate, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Marine Isotope Stage 5, Evolution, lcsh:Life, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Proxy (climate), Central Mediterranean, Paleontology, Behavior and Systematics, lcsh:QH540-549.5, 550 Earth sciences & geology, Glacial period, Tephra, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Ecology, lcsh:QE1-996.5, Cyclostratigraphy, tephra, lcsh:Geology, lake Ohrid, MIS5, chronology, balkans, Sea surface temperature, lcsh:QH501-531, Ohrid, Interglacial, Tephrochronology, lcsh:Ecology, Earth-Surface Processes, Ohrid, tephra, synchronization, synchronization, Geology, Chronology
Abstract

The DEEP site sediment sequence obtained during the ICDP SCOPSCO project at Lake Ohrid was dated using tephrostratigraphic information, cyclostratigraphy, and orbital tuning through the marine isotope stages (MIS) 15-1. Although this approach is suitable for the generation of a general chronological framework of the long succession, it is insufficient to resolve more detailed palaeoclimatological questions, such as leads and lags of climate events between marine and terrestrial records or between different regions. Here, we demonstrate how the use of different tie points can affect cyclostratigraphy and orbital tuning for the period between ca. 140 and 70 ka and how the results can be correlated with directly/indirectly radiometrically dated Mediterranean marine and continental proxy records. The alternative age model presented here shows consistent differences with that initially proposed by Francke et al. (2015) for the same interval, in particular at the level of the MIS6-5e transition. According to this new age model, different proxies from the DEEP site sediment record support an increase of temperatures between glacial to interglacial conditions, which is almost synchronous with a rapid increase in sea surface temperature observed in the western Mediterranean. The results show how a detailed study of independent chronological tie points is important to align different records and to highlight asynchronisms of climate events. Moreover, Francke et al. (2016) have incorporated the new chronology proposed for tephra OH-DP-0499 in the final DEEP age model. This has reduced substantially the chronological discrepancies between the DEEP site age model and the model proposed here for the last glacial-interglacial transition.

Published
2016
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