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Introduction: Few studies are available on the acute effects of motor racing on race drivers lactacidemia and blood glucose. Objective: To verify changes in lactacidemia and glycemia of race car drivers in the Old Stock Race category. Method: The concentrations of plasma lactate and glycemia of eight male race car drivers in the Old Stock Race category (OSR) were recorded thirty minutes before the start and ten minutes after the start of the race. The data were obtained during the 4th round of the 2018 Season of the OSR held at the Jos Carlos Pace race track (Interlagos / So Paulo-Brazil). For comparison between moments, paired Students t-test paired on variables with normal distribution was used, with Bonferronis post-test, adopting a 5% significance level, for all analyses. Descriptively the data were compared using the Percentage Delta and presented in graphical and tabular form.Results: It was found that the lactate concentration increased significantly after the race (2.26 + 0.76 vs. 3.56 + 0.97 mmol / L, p = 0.0101). On the other hand, there was no change in blood glucose (122 +15.3 vs. 123 + 19.8 mg / dl, p = 0.8828).Conclusion: The significant increase in lactacidemia after the race indicates that there was an anaerobic muscle requirement during the race. On the other hand, there was no change in the mean blood glucose after the race.Key Words:Motor Racing, Human Performance, Exercise, Experimental Research

Denis Cesar Leite Vieira,1 Ramires Alsamir Tibana,1 Vitor Tajra,1 Dahan da Cunha Nascimento,1 Darlan Lopes de Farias,1 Alessandro de Oliveira Silva,1 Tatiane Gomes Teixeira,1 Romulo Maia Carlos Fonseca,2 Ricardo Jacó de Oliveira,2 Felipe Augusto dos Santos Mendes,2 Wagner Rodrigues Martins,2 Silvana Schwerz Funghetto,2 Margo Gomes de Oliveira Karnikowski,2 James Wilfred Navalta,3 Jonato Prestes11Graduate Program on Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil; 2University of Brasilia, UnB, Brasilia, Brazil; 3Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences of the University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USAPurpose: To compare the metabolic parameters, flexibility, muscle strength, functional capacity, and lower limb muscle power of elderly women with and without the metabolic syndrome (MetS).Methods: This cross-sectional study included 28 older women divided into two groups: with the MetS (n = 14; 67.3 ± 5.5 years; 67.5 ± 16.7 kg; 1.45 ± 0.35 m; 28.0 ± 7.6 kg/m2), and without the MetS (n = 14; 68.7 ± 5.3 years; 58.2 ± 9.9 kg; 1.55 ± 0.10 m; 24.3 ± 3.8 kg/m2). Body composition was evaluated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and dynamic muscle strength was assessed by one-maximum repetition (1RM) tests in leg press, bench press and biceps curl exercises. Six-minute walk test, Timed Up and Go (TUG); 30-second sitting-rising; arm curl using a 2-kg dumbbell, sit-and-reach (flexibility), and vertical jump tests were performed.Results: There was no difference between groups regarding age (P = 0.49), height (P = 0.46), body fat (%) (P = 0.19), systolic (P = 0.64), diastolic (P = 0.41) and mean blood pressure (P = 0.86), 30-second sitting-rising (P = 0.57), 30-s arm curl (P = 0.73), leg press 1RM (P = 0.51), bench press 1RM (P = 0.77), and biceps curl 1RM (P = 0.85). However, women without the MetS presented lower body mass (P = 0.001), body mass index (BMI) (P = 0.0001), waist circumference (P = 0.02), waist-to-height ratio (P = 0.02), fat body mass (kg) (P = 0.05), lean body mass (kg) (P = 0.02), blood glucose (P = 0.05), triglycerides (P = 0.03), Z-score for the MetS (P = 0.05), higher high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) (P = 0.002), better performance on TUG (P = 0.01), flexibility (P = 0.03), six-minute walk test (P = 0.04), vertical jump (P = 0.05) and relative muscle strength for leg press (P = 0.03), bench press (P = 0.04) and biceps curl (P = 0.002) exercises as compared to women with the MetS.Conclusion: Elderly women with the MetS have higher metabolic risk profile and lower functional capacity, muscle strength, lower limb power and flexibility as compared to women without the MetS. The evaluation of functional capacity may help to determine the degree of physical decline in older persons with the MetS, while exercise interventions should be encouraged.Keywords: metabolic syndrome, functional capacity, muscle performance, aging

Objective: To describe the feasibility of an ultrasound‐guided repositioning technique for partially expelled intrauterine devices (IUDs) without use of sedation. Methods: This was a descriptive feasibility study of patients with a partially expelled IUD managed in our outpatient clinic from January 2016 to February 2020. The partially expelled IUDs (vertical arm extending partially or entirely through the cervical canal) were repositioned at the uterine fundus using Hartmann alligator forceps under ultrasound guidance. Paracervical or intracervical anesthesia and prophylactic antibiotics were not used. Data related to the procedure and 6‐month follow‐up were extracted from patient medical records. The primary outcome was the success rate of the repositioning procedure, defined as ultrasound confirmation of the entire IUD located above the internal os. Secondary outcomes included the retention and expulsion rates of the repositioned IUD at 6 months after the procedure and description of complications. Results: We included data from 55 women with a partially expelled IUD (35 levonorgestrel IUDs and 20 copper IUDs) referred for repositioning. Ultrasound‐guided repositioning of the IUD was successful in 51 (92.7%) cases, while the procedure was not completed in four patients due to pain. Of the 55 procedures, 48 (87.3%) were performed by obstetrics and gynecology trainees under the supervision of a senior specialist. Among the 51 successfully repositioned IUDs, nine (17.6%) were expelled within 6 months after the procedure and six patients were lost to follow‐up. No uterine perforation or infection‐related complications occurred within 6 months of the procedure. Conclusion: The ultrasound‐guided repositioning technique appears to be a safe and feasible approach for partially expelled IUDs. © 2022 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To compare the reported rate of any congenital anomaly and perinatal outcome of pregnancy following blastocyst‐ vs cleavage‐stage embryo transfer using a pairwise meta‐analysis and to evaluate the same outcomes following fresh‐blastocyst, frozen‐blastocyst, fresh‐cleavage or frozen‐cleavage embryo transfer using a network meta‐analysis. Methods: A literature search was performed in PubMed, Scopus and CENTRAL and registers for ongoing studies, from inception to February 2022, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with any sample size and observational studies including at least 100 live births per group, comparing the rates of any congenital anomaly and perinatal outcome of pregnancy following fresh/frozen embryo transfer at cleavage (day 2–3) vs blastocyst (day 5–7) stage. Risk ratios (RRs) along with their 95% CIs were pooled via a random‐effects model meta‐analysis. Within a frequentist network meta‐analysis framework, outcomes of all four treatment modalities (i.e. fresh‐blastocyst, fresh‐cleavage, frozen‐blastocyst, frozen‐cleavage) were compared further. Any congenital anomaly constituted the primary outcome, whereas preterm delivery (delivery < 37 weeks), low birth weight (LBW; < 2500 g), gender of the neonate (male), perinatal death and healthy neonate (defined as liveborn neonate, delivered at term, weighing ≥ 2500 g, surviving for at least 28 days postbirth and without any congenital anomaly) were considered as secondary outcomes. Subgroup analyses by plurality (liveborn singleton vs multiple pregnancy) were conducted in the pairwise and network meta‐analyses. The risk of bias was assessed using the RoB2 tool for RCTs and the ROBINS‐I tool for non‐randomized studies. Certainty of evidence was assessed using GRADE. Results: Through the literature search, 550 studies were retrieved and 33 were included in the systematic review. We found no significant difference in the risk for any congenital anomaly between blastocyst‐ and cleavage‐stage transfer (RR, 0.80 (95% CI, 0.63–1.03); 10 studies; n = 192 442; I2 = 85.5%). An increased probability of a male neonate was observed following blastocyst‐ vs cleavage‐stage transfer (RR, 1.07 (95% CI, 1.06–1.09); 18 studies; n = 227 530; I2 = 32.7%). No significant differences in other secondary outcomes or significant subgroup differences between liveborn singletons and multiple pregnancies were observed. The network meta‐analysis showed a significantly lower risk for LBW following frozen‐blastocyst vs fresh‐blastocyst (RR, 0.76 (95% CI, 0.60–0.95)) or fresh‐cleavage (RR, 0.74 (95% CI, 0.59–0.93)) transfer. Frozen‐blastocyst transfer was associated with an increased risk for perinatal death compared with the fresh‐cleavage method (RR, 2.06 (95% CI, 1.10–3.88)). The higher probability of a male neonate following blastocyst transfer remained evident in the network comparisons. All outcomes were assessed to be of very‐low certainty of evidence. Conclusions: Current very‐low certainty of evidence shows that there may be little‐to‐no difference in the risk for congenital anomaly or adverse perinatal outcome of pregnancy following blastocyst‐ vs cleavage‐stage embryo transfer, although there was a slightly increased probability of a male neonate following blastocyst transfer. When considering cryopreservation, frozen‐blastocyst transfer was associated with a reduction in the risk for LBW compared with both fresh‐transfer modalities, and fresh‐cleavage transfer may be associated with a reduction in the risk for perinatal death compared with frozen‐blastocyst transfer. High‐quality RCTs with separate data on fresh and frozen cycles and consistent reporting of culture conditions and freezing methods are mandatory. Individual participant data meta‐analyses are required to address the substantial inconsistency resulting from current aggregate data approaches. © 2022 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]