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Bosnia and Herzegovina records a slight increase in fruit production in the postwar period, while grants recently introduced in Bosnia and Herzegovina open the possibility of increasing the fruit production to a higher level. The situation in this market also needs to be analyzed in the framework of the signed Stability and Association Agreement (SAA) and Central European Free Trade Agreement (CEFTA). The present fruit production in B&H does not meet the domestic demand and as a result the state is forced to import signifcant quantities of fruits. The question is how to respond to this challenge and how to set up fruit production within the CEFTA countries focusing on fruit export potentials.

The immortelle (Helichrysum italicum /Roth/ G. Don), native to the Mediterranean region grew up and is prevalent on the rockery and rocky grasslands in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The long tradition of growing and collecting the medicinal plants in Herzegovina is the reason of its usage in folk medicine according to its antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant properties. In the last decade we witnessed increased interest of the scientific community and the market demand for this ornamental herb, and the present study evaluated two different rows spacing (0.9 x 0.4 m and 0.8 x 0.4 m) to reveal the economic performance of organically grown immortelle. Results of the research for the both organic immortelle planting spaces revealed that they are economically profitable for producers. Sensitivity analysis with 10% lower yields and with the same retail price revealed that investment is economically efficient.

There are severale Salmonid species, found in the river Neretva basin, among which S. trutta and S. obtusirostris. Also, natural hybrids such as S. obtusirostris x S. trutta have been observed. In one fish farm on the river Neretva, S. trutta and S. obtusirostris were decided to breed separately. Parental fishes were separated phenotypicaly on the basis of the morphological signs. PCR-RFLP analysis of the exon 3 to exon 4 part of the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) C1* gene with restriction endonuclease RsaI was employed to identify the presence of other species representatives or intercrosses in two groups of juvenille fishes. Using this method, we were able to identify two S. trutta representatives in the S. obtusirostris group.

By using scientific methods applied in this scientific work such as: analytical method, quantitative analysis- costing calculation (the cost principal) and mathematical and statistical method (the dynamic analysis of trends),the authors have researched the economic efficiency and profitability of grape and wine varieties Žilavka and Blatina on the family estate in West Herzegovina. The research was conducted in the period 2006 – 2008 The results reached by the authors are following: The economy of grape Žilavka production quoted by the economy coeffcient was 1,12 in 2006 and 1,31 in 2008, and for Blatina 1,18 in 2006 and 1,34 in 2008. The production rentability of grape Žilavka quoted by the rentability coefficient was in the range of 12,03 % in 2006 up to 31,15 % in 2008, and for grape Blatina from 15,95 % in 2006 up to 25,66 % in 2008. The economy of wine Žilavka production quoted by the economy coeffcient was in the range of 1,41 in 2006 up to 1,47 in 2008, and for wine Blatina 1,42 in 2006 up to 1,47 in 2008. The rentability of wine Žilavka production quoted by the rentability coefficient was in the range of 29,06 % in 2006 up to 31,96 % in 2008, and for wine Blatina 29,81 % in 2006 up to 32,19 % in 2008.