Search

The work is devoted to the definition of solutions for skyscraper office buildings in Warsaw against the background of the latest global technology of vertical communication systems. For this purpose, the paper presents the examples of research by design of four high-rise buildings in Warsaw, which indicate the adopted methodology of developing optimal solutions in the field of elevator service as well as the results of research and finally selected systems. The aim of the research was to achieve the initial criteria for the system’s operation. The research was carried out by iterating and varianting various configurations of the system and checking it as the basis for building core solutions. Solutions that met the defined criteria were optimal in terms of building efficiency and rental flexibility. Empirical research and its results are presented against the background of world achievements. The results indicate that both the research methodology and the systems used follow the contemporary development of the latest globally present solutions.

The text is devoted to the description of the methodology and research by design conducted to determine the functional and spatial solutions of a high-rise building complex located inWarsawfavoring connections with the public space of the city. The research work was carried out in the following phases: pre-design, including analyses and studies, context analysis, data collection, and design phase including defining initial conceptual variants, developed conceptual variants, selection, and determination of the final variant of the concept of functional and spatial structure for further investment and design steps. The final solutions adopted in the described process in the realization of the complex and detailed execution designs were also indicated. Design research was done through iteration of solutions, critical analysis, and functional optimization. The final solution was the division of the stylobate part of the complex, following the pedestrian traffic analysis, into three investment parts and the introduction of a rich program of supplementary functions for the dominant office function. A complex program of supplementary functions: trade, entertainment and event space, medical functions, gastronomic parts.

The paper is devoted to the description of the methodology and research by design carried out to identify solutions enhancing the functional flexibility of a high-rise building located in Warsaw at. Grzybowska Street. The work presents the theoretical background as well as the conducted research and methodology. The scope of solutions related to functional flexibility concerned the interchangeability of service functions in the podium part of the building, changes in the use of the parking lot, and the provision of the means of changes in the arrangement of types and variants of types of apartments on the apartments levels. The investigation was carried out in the pre-design and design phases. Objectives and criteria of solutions were defined, and research works were carried out through iterations and checking in terms of the cost-effectiveness . The adopted solutions consist in designing the optimal hard portion of the building – the core, the structural system, the arrangement of zones and installation rooms, and the use of structural and spatial over-designed systems. An optimal facade module has been developed. The research aims to introduce the design practice to the issue of flexibility, which is nowadays important for economic and environmental reasons.

The following paper is devoted to research on the types of forms of skyscrapers built in Warsaw from 1989 to 2022. The research focuses on defining the architectural typology of such forms as elements of the image of the city. The research was carried out in the following stages: defining the character of international examples of skyscrapers, research on types of forms of high-rise buildings realized in Warsaw and their formal classification, determination of typological features of twenty-four high-rise buildings under study, and their changes over time. The characteristic elements of the image of the city and urban composition related to the examined buildings were determined. As a result of the research, it was determined that the most common types of forms found in the study group were free forms—41.6%, polygonal forms—25%, and obelisk forms—20.8%. In individual cases, there are tapered, aerodynamic, and regional forms. The research showed a trend in the latest projects, dating back to the last five years, consisting of an increase in the number of buildings constructed, an increase their scale, a lowering of their slenderness, and a tendency to implement polygonal forms more often than free forms. High-rise buildings are landmarks in the urban composition and the image of Warsaw. Most often, they designate paths and nodes with which they are associated. The types of forms of high-rise buildings in Warsaw vary; there is no uniform type of form of high-rise building implemented in the period. For this reason, the research should be updated and carried out using the methodology presented in the paper.

The following paper is devoted to the problem of relations between public space and high-rise buildings which were constructed in Warsaw in the years 1989–2022. The location of twenty-three high-rise buildings with a minimum height of one hundred meters was examined in terms of their role as basic elements of the city image and urban composition. According to the theory of K. Lynch and K. Wejchert, there were examined: multifunctionality of the space available in the public space in buildings, number of building users, parameters of the nearest neighboring public space including its area and width, and the visibility of buildings from the public space. Research shows that the high-rise buildings in Warsaw are located adjacent to public space that does not correspond to their scale and the generated traffic in the public space. Most of the analyzed buildings do not have a multifunctional ground floor, or offer more than three functions of public space. Most of the buildings are located at streets or traffic junctions while only two buildings are located at urban squares, and one at the closure of the streets. It is not possible to distinguish a coherent planning strategy related to the location of such facilities in Warsaw.