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The article relevance. Modern concepts of education development, recognition of the uniqueness and self-worth of human individuality have led to the search for ways to socialize individuals with disabilities, to the development of new pedagogical strategies aimed at developing ideas of independent life for this category of the population. The research purpose is to study the features and identify ways to improve the quality of inclusive education. Research methods: as a research method, we used a questionnaire survey as a method of collecting primary information, which allows us to identify various aspects related to the problems of formation and perception of inclusive education by participants in the educational process. Research results: the article describes the peculiarity of the current stage of inclusive education development, analyzes the social mechanisms for improving the quality of inclusive education. The novelty and originality of the research lies in the fact that for the first time the correspondence of the existing model of inclusive education to the needs of a significant part of the educational process subjects was investigated. It is shown that, from the point of view of educational services' consumers, a significant obstacle to improving the quality of inclusive education is the orientation of the education system on results, and not the educational process. It is revealed that the main functions of an inclusive school are educational, career-oriented, educational, and integrative. It is shown that relationships with teachers are a significant factor of psychological stress in inclusive classes. It is found that inclusive classes are sufficiently distanced from interaction with the local community. It is shown that teachers lack the skills of teamwork and confident behavior of the teacher in the presence of another adult in the classroom. It is revealed that the inclusive school is currently characterized by a high level of internal unity, but is not focused on external relations with the local community. It is shown that parents, unlike students, note the creation of an accessible environment only for certain categories of children with disabilities (including children with musculoskeletal disorders), but not for children with sensory disorders (vision and hearing). Practical significance: the data Obtained in this work can be used in psychological research, pedagogical Sciences, age psychology, as well as for further theoretical development of this issue.

The relevance of this article is the need to study the leisure sphere of modern youth, since free time is one of the important means of forming a young person's personality. The use of free time by young people is a kind of indicator of culture, the range of spiritual needs and interests of a particular personality of a young person. The aim of the study is to analyze the strategy of youth leisure in the cultural space of the modern city. Research methods: as a research method, we used the questionnaire method, which allows us to analyze in detail the main forms and dynamics of the development of modern youth's leisure practices living in an urban environment. Results of the research: the article considers the problems and prospects of leisure strategies' development of young people living in the city. The features of organizing youth leisure in the city are described. The preferences of young people in leisure activities are revealed. The degree of satisfaction of young people with forms of leisure is analyzed. The article considers the respondents' awareness of the work of institutions of the social and cultural sphere in organizing leisure activities for young people in the city. The reasons that prevent young people from spending leisure time in accordance with their needs are identified. Alternative forms of leisure activities are considered. The novelty and originality of the study lies in the fact that for the first time the reasons why young people do not have the opportunity to build their leisure strategy in accordance with their needs are investigated: external reasons (lack of places, disinterest of organizers, certain forms of leisure are unattractive or unprofitable for entrepreneurs); internal reasons (strong employment at work, lack of energy after work, laziness). The reasons for the lack of interaction of young people with leisure and cultural organizations (lack of time; ignorance of where to address on this issue; unwillingness of the organizers to change the situation that is, ignoring the position of young people) are determined. It is revealed that young people show little interest in leisure activities organized by the authorities, since they are formal in nature and do not correspond to the leisure preferences of young people. For the first time, the main strategies for leisure activities for young people living in the city (meetings with friends, relatives, walks, computer games, viewing content, relaxing in silence, and reading) were identified. The strategies of leisure activities that are used to a lesser extent (visiting the cinema, theater; active recreation (cycling, skating, various sports); attending concerts, exhibitions, master classes; learning foreign languages) are considered. It is revealed that young people are not satisfied with the available leisure opportunities in the city. The reasons for discontent are determined (limited material resources in the city for interesting forms of leisure; lack of cultural and leisure institutions in the city that would meet the requirements of young people; limited choice of institutions where you can spend your free time). There is a gap between the needs of young people in the field of leisure and the activities of the city's youth policy Department, which conducts events according to its own plan, without taking into account the opinion of young people. Young people's knowledge about events is examined and the problem is determined about unawareness of cultural and entertainment events that are associated with the lack of interest of young people and lack of desire of the organizers of the Department of culture to find out what interests this age group. Alternative forms of leisure that young people would like to see in the urban environment, as well as take part in them, are identified (such as cinemas, theaters, restaurants; amusement parks, attractions, water parks, bowling; master classes, courses, exhibitions; interest clubs (language, discussion, computer); Bicycle rental, roller skates, Quad bikes, go-karts; paragliding school; industrial tourism). Practical significance: the data Obtained in this work can be used in social psychology, pedagogy, age psychology, as well as for further theoretical development of this issue.

The relevance of this article is conditioned by the need to analyze and study the student views and positions on the issue of intercultural communication and intercultural interaction, as it is obvious that in the foreseeable future we will continue to live in a multiethnic, multicultural society and strive for the successful coexistence of many different cultures in social networks. The aim of the study is to identify the attitude of students communicating in social networks to ethnocentrism. The leading methods for the study of this problem are the methods of questioning and testing, allowing making a qualitative analysis of the peculiarities of the attitude of students communicating in social networks, to ethnocentrism, and allowing identifying the position of students on the issue of intercultural communication and intercultural interaction. The article reveals the criteria peculiar to the representatives of different ethnic groups with a high level of ethnocentrism. These students consider everything that happens in their culture to be natural and correct, and in others to be wrong; consider the customs of their group as universal: "what is good for us is good for others"; consider the norms, roles and values of their group to be absolutely correct; act so that the representatives of their group feel like winners; feel hostility towards external groups. It is determined that the presence of a set of these criteria and properties (or most of them) in the ethnic consciousness of the individual, allows us to talk about a high level of ethnocentrism. The novelty and originality of the study lies in the fact that a set of criteria characterizing the opinion of students, supporters of cultural relativism is revealed: they are often in contact with representatives of other ethnic groups and nationalities in social networks; absolutely do not feel discomfort in communicating with foreign cultural representatives, on the contrary, such communication is of great interest; in the formation of any group do not give preference to representatives of their own people, and are guided by other selection criteria; do not regard the culture of their people as a role model for other Nations. A set of criteria is identified for supporters of ethnocentrism: they believe everything that happens in their culture, natural and correct and others wrong; consider the customs of their group as universal; consider the norms, roles and values of their group is certainly correct; feel hostility towards external groups; in General, are rarely in contact with the representatives of other ethnic groups and nationalities; feel discomfort in communicating with other cultures representatives; believe that the loss of identity of their ethnic group is an unambiguously negative phenomenon; they do not consider the cultures of all peoples equally important and equal.

The creation of conditions for the rational and multipurpose use of forests has become an urgent task within the forest industry. There is an active search for opportunities to use bio-oil derived from wood waste obtained through fast ablative pyrolysis. Bio-oil has a rich chemical composition, making it relevant to isolate individual chemical components from it. The main objective of this work was to investigate a method for extracting the phenolic fraction from the pyrolysis fluid of wood waste and to obtain and study samples of side fractions obtained during phenolic extraction. This paper describes a method for the fractionation of wood waste pyrolysis fluid based on a multi-stage complex process, including vacuum distillation, liquid-liquid extraction, and acidalkali precipitation. A detailed description and scheme of the processes are presented in the paper. The properties and chemical compositions of the obtained fractions were investigated. In the fractionation process, a phenolic fraction containing at least 60.38% of phenolic compounds was isolated. The first stage of the separation produces a fraction with a high content of acetic acid, while the third stage leads to the separation of a fraction containing sugars. Additionally, a fraction containing up to 22% furfural is formed. The fractions obtained at each separation step have both scientific and commercial potential, in addition to the target phenolic fraction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research of the thermal decomposition of Tetra Pak had been done. Thermal analysis of Tetra Pak, cardboard and polyethylene had been done. TG data showed that thermal decomposition of Tetra Pak occurred in three stages: drying and melting of polyethylene occurred at the first stage, at the second stage thermal decomposition of cardboard happened; in the third stage decomposition of polyethylene took place. Fast pyrolysis laboratory scale setup had been done. Experiments on Tetra Pak pyrolysis had been done at temperatures 250, 450 and 650 °C. During the fast pyrolysis of Tetra Pak we can have 30 % liquid products and 45 % solid products which can be used in different applications. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of fast pyrolysis liquid products samples had been done. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the modern world of digital technologies, a new alternative consciousness has emerged. It focused on the universal values. In the digital world, companies can win over consumers by demonstrating the social orientation of their activities on the Internet. Many of them began to focus on value-oriented branding and to pay more attention to solving socially significant issues and to interact more actively with consumers, attracting them to participate in good deeds through digital group activity. The article analyzes the peculiarities of the influence of digital group activity on the management of students' loyalty to the product and to the company. As a research method, the questionnaire method was used, which allows to effectively identify the features of the influence of digital group activity on the students’ attitude towards the company. The authors describe the peculiarity of digital transformation on the development of practices for the use of group Internet promotions by Internet marketers. For the first time, the influence of digital group activity on the management of students' loyalty to the product and to the companies in general is analyzed. The reasons for the influence of digital group activity on the students’ loyalty management are proved: virality, speed of distribution, ideological orientation, breadth of audience coverage. It is revealed that a successful scenario of digital group activity, taken from life and close to the majority of the student audience, reflecting their values and intentions, causes loyalty to the company among student youth to a greater extent. It is determined that in order to effectively conduct digital group activity to form loyalty to the product and to the company, a scenario is needed that is not time-consuming for the user and does not require a large number of actions, otherwise it will not be attractive for students. It is shown for the first time that the disadvantages of digital group activity include: cost for conducting; availability only to large companies; rapid fading of interest. It is proved that the digital group activity in order to form loyalty to the product and to the company is focused on quick results. It is considered that in digital group activities students are attracted by simple rules. In the modern world of digital technologies, a new alternative consciousness has emerged. It focused on the universal values. In the digital world, companies can win over consumers by demonstrating the social orientation of their activities on the Internet. Many of them began to focus on value-oriented branding and to pay more attention to solving socially significant issues and to interact more actively with consumers, attracting them to participate in good deeds through digital group activity. The article analyzes the peculiarities of the influence of digital group activity on the management of students' loyalty to the product and to the company. As a research method, the questionnaire method was used, which allows to effectively identify the features of the influence of digital group activity on the students’ attitude towards the company. The authors describe the peculiarity of digital transformation on the development of practices for the use of group Internet promotions by Internet marketers. For the first time, the influence of digital group activity on the management of students' loyalty to the product and to the companies in general is analyzed. The reasons for the influence of digital group activity on the students’ loyalty management are proved: virality, speed of distribution, ideological orientation, breadth of audience coverage. It is revealed that a successful scenario of digital group activity, taken from life and close to the majority of the student audience, reflecting their values and intentions, causes loyalty to the company among student youth to a greater extent. It is determined that in order to effectively conduct digital group activity to form loyalty to the product and to the company, a scenario is needed that is not time-consuming for the user and does not require a large number of actions, otherwise it will not be attractive for students. It is shown for the first time that the disadvantages of digital group activity include: cost for conducting; availability only to large companies; rapid fading of interest. It is proved that the digital group activity in order to form loyalty to the product and to the company is focused on quick results. It is considered that in digital group activities students are attracted by simple rules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eukaryotic cells arose ~1.5 billion years ago, with the endomembrane system a central feature, facilitating evolution of intracellular compartments. Endomembranes include the nuclear envelope (NE) dividing the cytoplasm and nucleoplasm. The NE possesses universal features: a double lipid bilayer membrane, nuclear pore complexes (NPCs), and continuity with the endoplasmic reticulum, indicating common evolutionary origin. However, levels of specialization between lineages remains unclear, despite distinct mechanisms underpinning various nuclear activities. Several distinct modes of molecular evolution facilitate organellar diversification and to understand which apply to the NE, we exploited proteomic datasets of purified nuclear envelopes from model systems for comparative analysis. We find enrichment of core nuclear functions amongst the widely conserved proteins to be less numerous than lineage-specific cohorts, but enriched in core nuclear functions. This, together with consideration of additional evidence, suggests that, despite a common origin, the NE has evolved as a highly diverse organelle with significant lineage-specific functionality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The socio-economic transformations taking place in Russia have affected all segments of the population, including students with disabilities. Improving living conditions for the disabled, as one of the most vulnerable members of the population in social terms, is one of the priorities. One of the main ways to socialize students with disabilities in modern society is to involve them in sports activities. This article is devoted to identifying the features of sports' influence on the social adaptation of students with disabilities. As a research method, authors used a questionnaire survey as a method of collecting primary information, which allowed them to identify the features of individual trajectories in sports for students with disabilities. The article describes the attitude of students with disabilities to individual sports trajectories. The methods of social adaptation of students with disabilities by involving them in sports are revealed. It is proved that the main tools for involving students with disabilities in sports are state programs and rehabilitation organizations. For the first time, it was determined that the majority of disabled students did not engage in sports for a long time. It is proved that the lack of involvement of students with disabilities in sports life is due, from their point of view to a number of reasons: their lack of awareness of existing sports organizations and sections; poor equipment of existing halls and their poor attendance by other people; underdevelopment of the system of sports institutions for the disabled. For the first time, it was revealed that the main idea in the issue of innovation in relation to the involvement of students with disabilities in sports life was the creation of sports clubs and sports events, as well as the active involvement of disabled people in sports activities. The problems of introducing individual trajectories for the development of physical abilities of students with disabilities are considered. It is shown that the main problem is the lack of funding for adaptive sports and events for students with disabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The nuclear pore complex (NPC) is responsible for transport between the cytoplasm and nucleoplasm and one of the more intricate structures of eukaryotic cells. Typically composed of over 300 polypeptides, the NPC shares evolutionary origins with endo-membrane and intraflagellar transport system complexes. The modern NPC was fully established by the time of the last eukaryotic common ancestor and, hence, prior to eukaryote diversification. Despite the complexity, the NPC structure is surprisingly flexible with considerable variation between lineages. Here, we review diversification of the NPC in major taxa in view of recent advances in genomic and structural characterisation of plant, protist and nucleomorph NPCs and discuss the implications for NPC evolution. Furthermore, we highlight these changes in the context of mRNA export and consider how this process may have influenced NPC diversity. We reveal the NPC as a platform for continual evolution and adaptation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A vacuum-insulated tandem accelerator was used to observe in situ blistering during 2-MeV proton irradiation of metallic samples to a fluence of up to 6.7 × 1020 cm-2. Samples consisting of copper of different purity, tantalum and tantalum-copper compounds were placed on the proton beam path and forced to cool. The surface state of the samples was observed using a charge-coupled device camera with a remote microscope. Thermistors, a pyrometer and an infrared camera were applied to measure the temperature of the samples during irradiation. After irradiation, the samples were analyzed on an X-ray diffractometer, laser and electron microscopes. The present study describes the experiment, presents the results obtained and notes their relevance and significance in the development of a lithium target for an accelerator-based neutron source, for use in boron neutron capture therapy of cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relevance of the paper is related to the necessity to develop the creative abilities of students who are able to be professionally realized in a society in the conditions of rapid social and information changes. In connection with this, there is a growing need to develop probable paths of students' abilities forming for creative activity as the basis for their future self-determination and self-improvement. The research is aimed at initiating the students’ learning and research work in the course of vocational training in the University to develop and realize their creative abilities. The authors propose a programtargeted approach to the development of learning and research creativity of students, the main feature of which is the priory of activities goal-setting. The following aspects are determined: the criteria for university students’ creative activity; stages of creative selfdevelopment of the student; components of the system of creative activity of the university student (motivational, operational, diagnostic, and resultant); algorithm of student's creative activity; methods, forms and means of realization of creative activity in the process of vocational training of students in the university. The aspects selected by the authors make it possible to compile and implement a personal program for selfdevelopment of the creative abilities of each university student. The paper is intended for educators and psychologists, the scientific community, dealing with the formation of creative abilities of students in the learning and research activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is a common misconception to view the "cyto"-skeleton as just the filament systems in the "cyto"-plasm. In fact, the cytoskeleton extends into the nucleus where the complex network connects to chromatin, and it also connects through the plasma membrane to the cytoskeleton of adjacent cells and to the "exo"-skeleton of the extracellular matrix. This review will focus principally on the subcomplex of the cytoskeleton associated with the nucleus, often referred to as the nucleoskeleton, but in the context of its extensive interconnectivity with the rest of the nucleus and with cytoplasmic filament systems all the way to the exoskeleton. The nucleoskeleton, made principally of type-V intermediate filament lamins, connects across the double membrane system of the nuclear envelope to likely all three primary cytoplasmic filament systems. It provides structural stability to the nucleus, and also incredible flexibility. In both its core structural aspect and through specificity gained by tissue-specific partner proteins, it contributes to genome organization and regulation as well as to signal transduction, both through chemical signaling cascades and likely through mechanotransduction. Defects in the nucleoskeleton have far-ranging effects due to its interactions with cytoplasmic filament systems, from mispositioning of nuclei to disruption of cell polarity and both decreased and increased cell migration depending on the defect. Accordingly, it is not surprising that many nucleoskeletal components are linked to a wide range of human diseases from specific types of cancer to muscular dystrophies, neuropathies, dermopathies, and premature aging syndromes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Changes in the peripheral distribution and amount of condensed chromatin are observed in a number of diseases linked to mutations in the lamin A protein of the nuclear envelope. We postulated that lamin A interactions with nuclear envelope transmembrane proteins (NETs) that affect chromatin structure might be altered in these diseases and so screened thirty-one NETs for those that promote chromatin compaction as determined by an increase in the number of chromatin clusters of high pixel intensity. One of these, NET23 (also called STING, MITA, MPYS, ERIS, Tmem173), strongly promoted chromatin compaction. A correlation between chromatin compaction and endogenous levels of NET23/STING was observed for a number of human cell lines, suggesting that NET23/STING may contribute generally to chromatin condensation. NET23/STING has separately been found to be involved in innate immune response signaling. Upon infection cells make a choice to either apoptose or to alter chromatin architecture to support focused expression of interferon genes and other response factors. We postulate that the chromatin compaction induced by NET23/STING may contribute to this choice because the cells expressing NET23/STING eventually apoptose, but the chromatin compaction effect is separate from this as the condensation was still observed when cells were treated with Z-VAD to block apoptosis. NET23/STING-induced compacted chromatin revealed changes in epigenetic marks including changes in histone methylation and acetylation. This indicates a previously uncharacterized nuclear role for NET23/STING potentially in both innate immune signaling and general chromatin architecture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relevance of this article lies in the need to study the possibilities of accumulating virtual social capital, maintaining it with the help of virtual social networks and using it in the educational, labor and leisure spheres. Since such resources can make a significant contribution to any area of a person's life: assistance in the field of education, and significant bonuses for employment. The purpose of the study is to identify mechanisms for acquiring, preserving and strengthening virtual social capital. Research methods: as a research method, a questionnaire survey was used to describe and analyze the features of using virtual social networks in the educational, labor and leisure spheres of users' lives. Research results: the article considers the features of virtual social capital formation. The novelty and originality of the research lies in the fact that for the first time students' idea of virtual social capital is considered. It is shown that virtual social networks are very popular with students. The factors that encourage users of virtual social networks to use their capabilities in solving significant issues in each of the studied areas are identified. It is determined that the social network is used mainly as a means of communication and information transfer, as well as a tool for organizing leisure, goals pursued in the educational sphere, in the field of career and leisure can be no less successfully implemented with its help. It is revealed that undergraduate students do not consider study groups in social networks to be effective, while master's students consider such groups effective. It is shown that it is more difficult to accumulate virtual social capital in the labor sphere than in the educational sphere, since this is due to the closeness of working groups and low career mobility of employees. It is determined that for the formation of virtual social capital in the labor sphere it is necessary firstly to find good real contacts. It is shown that it is necessary to form virtual social capital in the labor sphere depending on the type of work: if the work is in the classical sphere, then personal acquaintances and further real communication will be better suited here, and if the work is in the innovative sphere, it is better to build and maintain relationships in the virtual space. It is revealed that the use of social networks in the field of leisure is the most popular for the formation of virtual social capital. Practical significance: the data obtained in this work can be used in social psychology, labor psychology, management, as well as for further theoretical development of this issue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Overcoming of ecological crisis requires formation such human consciousness, such attitude to Nature and Human (i.e. to yourself and other people) based on awareness that human isn't against nature. The article there is a problem between that the child must have already formed structural identity, ecological consciousness, defining nature of relationships between human and the world, it is a resource of knowledge about process of development of ecological units and its structural constituent among preschoolers as a part of ecological culture of a person. Methods of the research: Leading method of the study of this issue is diagnostic, which allows considering this theme as a dynamic process. There are methods that was used during the process of the research: study of scientific and regulatory resources, ascertaining psycho-pedagogical experiment, analysis and synthesis of psycho-pedagogical experience, socio-psychological diagnostics: quiz, questioning, interview, observation, testing, expert review; psychodiagnostic methodologies; mathematical, statistical methods and methods of computer data processing. Results: Consists in theoretical and experimental research of features of children ecological consciousness, character settings in preschool age. The authors identified and substantiated the ecological consciousness is considered as a core of child personality, characterizing by subjectiveintegrative essence: complex of new growths, common for preschool childhood, ecological aims, and ecological idea, its inner component provides further self-development of personality, and external - acts, deeds of a child in real life. Conclusion: There are results of the study of children ecological consciousness for environmental protection settings at preschool age in urban and rural kindergarten in this work. It is necessary to base on leading structural component of ecological installation during the work with preschoolers and namely on affective. Taking this type as dominant, we will use preschoolers' ecological attitude as structural component of ecological installation of personality. Also it is necessary to consider the fact that preschoolers are ready to active acts for environmental protection. They can't wait to take part in different events. This desire and development of behavior component must be considered, evolving ecological setting of preschoolers and ecological consciousness at all. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of modern education determines the vector of teacher professional and personal development capable of effective carrying out professional and pedagogical activities in favors of students, society and the state. Great opportunities to attain this goal are fold in teacher professional and personal environment, able of creating favorable conditions for this goal, organically combining the fundamentality of the teachers' professional knowledge, the search for new practice-oriented forms and methods of their activity and professional and personal development. The basis for projecting the future teacher's professional-personal educational environment is the project - target approach, determining the consideration of goals, content, technologies of education as a project of innovation activity. The authors developed a scheme for the projecting of the future teacher professional and personal environment and proposed a technological algorithm for its projecting, involving the stages of organization and functioning. A diagnostic toolkit providing the main criterion parameters' assessment of a professional-personal environment is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lamins and associated nuclear envelope transmembrane proteins (NETs) present unique problems for biochemical studies. Lamins form insoluble intermediate filament networks, associate with chromatin, and are also connected via specific NETs to the cytoskeleton, thus further complicating their isolation and purification from mammalian cells. Adding to this complexity, NETs at the inner nuclear membrane function in three distinct environments: (a) their nucleoplasmic domain(s) can bind lamins, chromatin, and transcriptional regulators; (b) they possess one or more integral transmembrane domains; and (c) their lumenal domain(s) function in the unique reducing environment of the nuclear envelope/ER lumen. This chapter describes strategic considerations and protocols to facilitate biochemical studies of lamins and NET proteins in vitro. Studying these proteins in vitro typically involves first expressing specific polypeptide fragments in bacteria and optimizing conditions to purify each fragment. We describe parameters for choosing specific fragments and designing purification strategies and provide detailed purification protocols. Biochemical studies can provide fundamental knowledge including binding strengths and the molecular consequences of disease-causing mutations that will be essential to understand nuclear envelope-genome interactions and nuclear envelope linked disease mechanisms., (© 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)