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43. Evaluation of quadriceps muscle cross-sectional area using an ultrasonic diagnostic equipment with a wide field of view.

Author

Matsui, Yasumoto, Takemura, Marie, Suzuki, Yasuo, Watanabe, Tsuyoshi, Maeda, Keisuke, Satake, Shosuke, and Arai, Hidenori

Abstract

Skeletal muscle index measurement via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry or bioelectrical impedance analysis is used to evaluate muscle mass when diagnosing sarcopenia. However, inherent challenges exist with these methods. We previously focused on muscle mass evaluation in the quadriceps femoris by using computed tomography (CT). In this observational study, we utilized a new ultrasound device with a wide field of view that can obtain CT-like images and investigated its usefulness. Reproducibility was investigated by calculating the intra- and inter-examiner intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) by using three examiners and performing five measurements in 12 participants. In 123 participants (48 men, 75 women, mean age 78.2 ± 8.1 years), we investigated the correlation between the quadriceps cross-sectional area measured with supine ultrasound and CT images as well as between supine and sitting ultrasound images. Unadjusted, age-adjusted, and age–sex-adjusted correlations were calculated. Reproducibility was excellent (intra-examiner ICC[1,1]: 0.978, 0.987, and 0.994; inter-examiner ICC[2,1]: 0.993). The unadjusted, age-adjusted, and age–sex-adjusted correlations between the quadriceps cross-sectional area measured using supine ultrasound and CT were 0.949, 0.940, and 0.894, respectively. For sitting ultrasound, the corresponding values were 0.958, 0.953, and 0.912, respectively. Correlations between the supine and sitting ultrasound measurements were also good, with corresponding values of 0.952, 0.945, and 0.904, respectively. The tested ultrasound device showed excellent measurement reproducibility and had good correlations with CT images. Further studies with an increased numbers of clinical cases and additional evaluations should allow the device to become a screening tool for diagnosing sarcopenia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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44. Oral hypofunction and social aspects in older adults visiting frailty outpatient clinic.

Author

Kawamura, Koki, Maeda, Keisuke, Miyahara, Shuzo, Shimizu, Akio, Sakaguchi, Tatsuma, Ishida, Yuria, Kagaya, Hitoshi, Matsui, Yasumoto, Arai, Hidenori, and Mori, Naoharu

Subjects
*OLDER people, *FRAILTY, *LOGISTIC regression analysis, *MEMBERSHIP in associations, institutions, etc., *VOLUNTEER service
Abstract

Background Objective Methods Results Conclusion Oral and social problems can exacerbate long‐term care. Understanding the relationship between social aspects and oral hypofunction can help identify high‐risk factors for long‐term care.This study aimed to investigate the social aspects of oral hypofunction among medical outpatients.This retrospective cross‐sectional study included patients who visited an outpatient clinic for frailty. The oral function was assessed using seven items: oral hygiene, occlusal force, masticatory function, tongue‐lip motor function, tongue pressure, oral dryness and swallowing function. Participants with three or more functional declines were classified as having ‘oral hypofunction’. Social aspects were assessed using 21 items in four categories: general resources, basic social needs, social resources and social behaviours/activities. We analysed the relationship between oral hypofunction and each social aspect.A total of 316 participants (age 78.5 ± 6.4 years) were included, and 128 (41%) had oral hypofunction. Participants with oral hypofunction were significantly more likely to have limited education, require long‐term care, not use transportation, depend on others for shopping, not participate in events, lack association membership and not engage in charity or volunteer work. After logistic regression analysis, ‘long‐term care’ and ‘no association membership’ remained significantly associated with oral hypofunction (odds ratios 2.3, 2.3; 95% CI 1.1–5.0, 1.1–4.7, respectively).Participants with oral hypofunction faced challenges in ‘general resources’ and ‘social behaviour/activities’, which were linked to oral function issues. Future longitudinal studies are necessary to further investigate this relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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45. Finger Tapping Test for Assessing the Risk of Mild Cognitive Impairment

Author

Shota Suzumura, Aiko Osawa, Yoshikiyo Kanada, Maeda Keisuke, Eiko Takano, Junpei Sugioka, Maeda Natsumi, Taishi Nagahama, Kenta Shiramoto, Katsumi Kuno, Shiori Kizuka, Kenji Satoh, Hiroaki Sakurai, Yuko Sano, Tomohiko Mizuguchi, Akihiko Kandori, and Izumi Kondo

Subjects
Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Aim A testing method for early diagnosis of Mild cognitive dementia (MCI) that can be easily applied in clinical practice was investigated in this study. We examined whether MCI risk can be determined through finger movements. Methods Between 2013 and 2020, 1097 individuals were screened. After applying propensity-score matching to adjust for variability between the groups, 173 individuals each in the mild cognitive impairment and control groups were selected. Thereafter, differences between groups in mean values of parameters extracted from finger tap movements were determined using unpaired t-test and effect size. Furthermore, area under the curve, sensitivity, and specificity were calculated from the receiver operating characteristic curve for parameters with significant difference. Results A significant difference was observed, especially in the number of taps in the MCI group compared with that in the control group ( p < .001; 95% CI, −12.7 to −8.8; r = 0.51). A cut-off value of 30 taps was applied (sensitivity, 0.77; specificity, 0.67; AUC, 0.79). Significant differences were also observed in rhythm-related parameters. Conclusions These parameters might be useful for capturing MCI risk. Finger taps are easily measured and may be suitable for screening large populations. This tool might be used as a supplemental method to increase the sensitivity of traditional cognitive tests.

Published
2022
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