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We present the results of an interdisciplinary study conducted at the Pedernales-5 site, situated in the Salar de Pedernales basin (26°S; 3356 masl), dated from 10,510−10,749 to 11,201−11,612 cal. BP. Unlike other Late Pleistocene and Holocene sites in the Andean Puna, where vicuñas (Vicugna vicugna) were the primary prey, at Pedernales-5, the zooarcheological assemblage consists almost exclusively of flamingo (Phoenicopteridae) and bird remains. Through the analysis of lithic and bone artifacts, archeobotanical remains, pigment composition, and paleoenvironmental data, we propose that the emphasis on flamingo exploitation cannot be solely explained by alimentary consumption but also served cultural and symbolic purposes related to the acquisition of feathers, hides, and bones. The unique archeological context of Pedernales-5 offers a distinctive perspective on human dynamics in the Andean highlands during the Early Holocene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lymphoma infiltration to the pituitary is rare. It represents less than 0.5% of all reported pituitary metastases (PMs). Here we present a case series of 3 patients with PMs from a systemic lymphoma. Also, we performed a literature review of the cases reported. We identified additional 31 cases in which non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) was the most common (n = 28, 90%), with large B-cell NHL the most frequent histological subtype (n = 14, 45%). Central hypothyroidism (n = 21, 67%) was the most frequent pituitary deficiency followed by adrenal insufficiency (n = 19, 61%) and diabetes insipidus (DI; n = 18, 58%). Full endocrine recovery was found in only 12% (n = 4) of patients after treatment, and magnetic resonance imaging showed tumor regression in 22% of them. In our series, 2 patients were diagnosed with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and 1 had mixed cellularity of classic Hodgkin lymphoma. The mean age was 54 ± 6.92 years. Hypopituitarism and DI were present in all of them, with 100% of mortality because of advanced systemic disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of INSPILIP. Revista Ecuatoriana de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovacion en Salud Pública is the property of Instituto Nacional de Investigacion en Salud Publica (INSPI) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune inflammatory disorder for which Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) genes are well identified as risk factors. SLE patients present different clinical phenotypes, which are partly explained by admixture patterns variation among Mexicans. Population genetic has insight into the high genetic variability of Mexicans, mainly described through HLA gene studies with anthropological and biomedical importance. A prospective, case-control study was performed. In this study, we recruited 146 SLE patients, and 234 healthy individuals were included as a control group; both groups were admixed Mexicans from Mexico City. The HLA typing methods were based on Next Generation Sequencing and Sequence-Based Typing (SBT). The data analysis was performed with population genetic programs and statistical packages. The admixture estimations based on HLA-B and -DRB1 revealed that SLE patients have a higher Southwestern European ancestry proportion (48 ± 8%) than healthy individuals (30 ± 7%). In contrast, Mexican Native American components are diminished in SLE patients (44 ± 1%) and augmented in Healthy individuals (63 ± 4%). HLA alleles and haplotypes' frequency analysis found variants previously described in SLE patients from Mexico City. Moreover, a conserved extended haplotype that confers risk to develop SLE was found, the HLA-A∗29:02∼C∗16:01∼B∗44:03∼DRB1∗07:01∼DQB1∗02:02, p C = 0.02, OR = 1.41. Consistent with the admixture estimations, the origin of all risk alleles and haplotypes found in this study are European, while the protection alleles are Mexican Native American. The analysis of genetic distances supported that the SLE patient group is closer to the Southwestern European parental populace and farthest from Mexican Native Americans than healthy individuals. Heterogeneity of genetic admixture determines SLE susceptibility and protection in Mexicans. HLA sequencing is helpful to determine susceptibility alleles and haplotypes restricted to some populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: As the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has remained in Latin America, Mexico has become the third country with the highest death rate worldwide. Data regarding in-hospital mortality and its risk factors, as well as the impact of hospital overcrowding in Latin America has not been thoroughly explored. Methods and findings: In this prospective cohort study, we enrolled consecutive adult patients hospitalized with severe confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia at a SARS-CoV-2 referral center in Mexico City from February 26th, 2020, to June 5th, 2020. A total of 800 patients were admitted with confirmed diagnosis, mean age was 51.9 ± 13.9 years, 61% were males, 85% were either obese or overweight, 30% had hypertension and 26% type 2 diabetes. From those 800, 559 recovered (69.9%) and 241 died (30.1%). Among survivors, 101 (18%) received invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and 458 (82%) were managed outside the intensive care unit (ICU); mortality in the ICU was 49%. From the non-survivors, 45.6% (n = 110) did not receive full support due to lack of ICU bed availability. Within this subgroup the main cause of death was acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in 95% of the cases, whereas among the non-survivors who received full (n = 105) support the main cause of death was septic shock (45%) followed by ARDS (29%). The main risk factors associated with in-hospital death were male sex (RR 2.05, 95% CI 1.34–3.12), obesity (RR 1.62, 95% CI 1.14–2.32)—in particular morbid obesity (RR 3.38, 95%CI 1.63–7.00)—and oxygen saturation < 80% on admission (RR 4.8, 95%CI 3.26–7.31). Conclusions: In this study we found similar in-hospital and ICU mortality, as well as risk factors for mortality, compared to previous reports. However, 45% of the patients who did not survive justified admission to ICU but did not receive IMV / ICU care due to the unavailability of ICU beds. Furthermore, mortality rate over time was mainly due to the availability of ICU beds, indirectly suggesting that overcrowding was one of the main factors that contributed to hospital mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to describe the average angulation and dimensions of the pterygomaxillary area in the atrophic maxilla to facilitate the orientation of pterygoid implants during their placement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective radiologic study was made. A virtual pterygoid implant, 13, 15, or 18 mm long, was placed in the pterygomaxillary area following the axis of the bone, with a distance of at least 2 mm maintained between the artery and palatine nerve and the implant. The long axis of the implant was inclined slightly toward the palatal to follow the cortical palatal bone. The angles between the long axis of the virtual implant and Frankfort horizontal were measured in both sagittal and frontal views. To calculate the average length of the pterygomaxillary area, the virtual long axis of the implant was measured from the alveolar crest to the pterygomaxillary suture. RESULTS: The average anteroposterior axis inclination of the pterygomaxillary area was 72.5 ± 4.9 degrees relative to Frankfort horizontal. The average angulation of the palatal vestibule was 81.3 ± 42.8 degrees relative to Frankfort horizontal. The average length of the pterygomaxillary area was 22.5 ± 4.8 mm. CONCLUSION: Pterygoid implant placement requires thorough knowledge of each patient's anatomy and individual needs. The mean position of the pterygomaxillary buttress axis was 72.5 ± 4.9 degrees to the distal and 81.3 ± 2.8 degrees to the palatal relative to Frankfort horizontal. Placement of pterygoid implants in this inclination may increase accuracy of implant placement. The average length from the tuberosity to the most apical point of the pterygoid apophysis was 22.5 ± 4.8 mm. These results suggest that an implant 15 to 18 mm in length would fit in the pterygomaxillary area to reach the cortical bone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diaphorina citri Kuwayama es el vector reconocido de la enfermedad "Huanglongbing" (HLB). Los insecticidas son la base para su manejo dentro de áreas regionales de control (ARCO). El incremento de la presión de selección sobre poblaciones de campo es ahora un riesgo potencial para el desarrollo de resistencia a insecticidas en el vector y para la diseminación del HLB. En este estudio se determinó la susceptibilidad de D. citri a cuatro insecticidas, en tres ARCO de la costa del Golfo de México: Álamo, Cuitláhuac y Martínez de la Torre, estado de Veracruz; y dos en la costa del Pacífico: una en Tecomán, estado de Colima y una en Buenavista, estado de Michoacán. Los resultados indican niveles de resistencia variables entre insecticidas y ARCO. Las poblaciones de Tecomán (PR50 = 12) y Martínez de la Torre (PR50 = 11.5) mostraron niveles similares de resistencia a cipermetrina, aunque pertenecieran a diferentes regiones; una situación parecida ocurrió con las poblaciones de Álamo y Buenavista en relación a clorpirifos y dimetoato. Sin embargo, las poblaciones de Tecomán resultaron susceptibles a clorpirifos (PR50 = 1.85) y dimetoato (PR50 = 1), las de Buenavista (PR50 = 2.72) y Álamo (PR 50 = 1) a cipermetrina. Todas las poblaciones resultaron susceptibles a imidacloprid. El manejo de D. citri es factible con base en grupos toxicológicos. Por ejemplo, rotación de imidacloprid seguido de cipermetrina, suspendiendo el uso de insecticidas organofosforados y carbamatos, además de incorporar insecticidas de menor impacto biológico y ambiental, podría disminuir la tendencia de D. citri a desarrollar resistencia en las ARCO. Diaphorina citri Kuwayama is the recognized vector of the disease "Huanglongbing" (HLB). Insecticides are the basis for its management within the regional control areas (RCA) in Mexico. The increase in the selection pressure on field populations of D. citri is now a potential risk for the development of resistance to insecticides. In this study, susceptibility of D. citri to four insecticides was evaluated at three RCA from the Gulf of Mexico (Alamo, Cuitlahuac, and Martinez de la Torre, Veracruz), and two on the Pacific coast (Tecoman, Colima, and Buenavista, Michoacan). Results indicate variable levels of insecticide resistance among RCAs. Tecoman (PR50 = 12) and Martinez de la Torre (PR50 = 11.5) populations showed similar cypermethrin resistant levels, although they belong to different regions; a similar situation occurred with populations from Alamo and Buenavista to chlorpyrifos and dimethoate. However, the Tecoman populations were susceptible to chlorpyrifos (1.85X) and dimethoate (1.0X), and those from Buenavista (2.72X) and Alamo (1.0X) to cypermethrin. All populations were susceptible to imidacloprid. Management of D. citri is feasible based on rotation of toxicological groups. Rotation of insecticide could include imidacloprid followed by cypermethrin, while curtailing the use of organophosphorus and carbamate, to include products with reduced biological and environmental impact within RCAs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Because of the peri-implant bone resorption that occurs when a non-platform switched implant is exposed to the oral environment, it has been recommended to maintain 1.5 mm between the tooth and implant to preserve the bone adjacent to the teeth. Several studies have documented that platform-switched implants have less peri-implant bone resorption than matched implants. This retrospective radiographic analysis studied 70 platform-switched implants placed less than 1.5 mm from an adjacent tooth and with prostheses loaded for a minimum of 6 months. The mean distance between the implant and tooth was 0.99 mm (range, 0.20 to 1.49 mm); the mean horizontal and vertical bone resorption was 0.36 and 0.43 mm, respectively. The mean bone peak reduction was 0.37 mm. The results confirm that the use of platform-switched implants reduces bone resorption after two-piece implants have been uncovered and that it is possible to place this type of implant 1 mm from teeth while maintaining the bone level adjacent to them (the bone peak). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is currently accepted that success in implant-supported restorations is based not only on osseointegration, but also on achieving the esthetic outcome of natural teeth and healthy soft tissues. The so-called “pink esthetic” has become the main challenge with implant-supported rehabilitations in the anterior area. This is especially difficult in the cases with two adjacent implants. Two components affect the final periimplant gingiva: a correct bone support, and a sufficient quantity and quality of soft tissues. Several papers have emphasized the need to regenerate and preserve the bone after extractions, or after the exposure of the implants to the oral environment. The classical implantation protocol entails entering the working area several times and always involves the surgical manipulation of peri-implant tissues. Careful surgical handling of the soft tissues when exposing the implants and placing the healing abutments (second surgery) helps the clinician to obtain the best possible results, but even so there is a loss of volume of the tissues as they become weaker and more rigid after each procedure. The present study proposes a new protocol that includes the connective tissue graft placement and the soft tissues remodeling technique, which is based on the use of the ovoid pontics. This technique may help to minimize the logical scar reaction after the second surgery and to improve the final emergence profile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The procurement of high-quality lithic resources is amongst the most indicative processes of decision-making in the archaeology of early human groups peopling the Americas. Directly dated deposits from quarry workshops have been absent of the late Pleistocene record of South America. We present the results of the excavations of a high-quality translucent quartz crystal workshop that yielded radiocarbon-dated coherently layered stratigraphic deposits that shed light into the behavior of the initial stages of lithic procurement. Based on a detailed analysis of the context of the Valiente site (32° S, Chile, South America), we discuss the stages of bifacial production of point technology. The deposit produced evidence of cumulative occupations over the period between 12,630 and 11,320 calibrated years before present. This ~1,300-year span is coincidental with a major environmental step-wise drying trend as indicated by the local and regional pollen records. Furthermore, it is synchronous to the process in which natural landscapes became the earliest taskscapes in the region, thereby encompassing major cultural changes related to the organization of the land use. These results are discussed in the frame of contemporaneous archaeological data to discuss specific aspects of technology and decision-making of the earliest settlers of South America. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BigDataDIRAC is a Big Data solution with a Distributed Infrastructure with Remote Agent Control (DIRAC) access point. Users have the opportunity to access multiple Big Data re- sources scattered in different geographical areas, such as access to grid resources. This approach opens the possibility of offering not only grid and cloud to the users, but also Big Data resources from the same DIRAC environment. In this work, we describe a system to allow access to a federation of Big Data resources, including load balancing, using DIRAC. Our results demon- strate the ability of BigDataDIRAC to manage jobs driven by dataset location stored in the Hadoop File System (HDFS) of the Hadoop distributed clusters. DIRAC is used to monitor the execution, collect the necessary statistical data, and upload the results from the remote HDFS to the SandBox Storage machine. Performance results demonstrate that BigDataDIRAC load balancing is able to aggregate resources in an efficient manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fourteenth author's name is spelled incorrectly. Reference 1 Olivas-Martínez A, Cárdenas-Fragoso JL, Jiménez JV, Lozano-Cruz OA, Ortiz-Brizuela E, Tovar-Méndez VH, et al. (2021) In-hospital mortality from severe COVID-19 in a tertiary care center in Mexico City; causes of death, risk factors and the impact of hospital saturation. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Revista de Economía Aplicada is the property of Revista de Economia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study analyses the relationships between the technologies of Industry 4.0, continuous improvement, and the business results. To carry out this study, 109 questionnaires to companies of different sectors were collected, but an indispensable condition to take into account was the fact that these companies develop themselves their logistics management. The analysis of the results obtained through the Partial Least Squares (PLS) methodology argues that there is a positive relationship between 4.0 Industry and continuous improvement processes, as well as between continuous improvement processes and organizational results, although it cannot be concluded that a direct relationship between 4.0 Industry and organizational results exists, which means that there are other variables, such as continuous improvement, mediating between them. With this work, there is already an accredited reference of the relationship, which has been verified to exist, between the Industry 4.0, the continuous improvement, and the business results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A response by Rómulo Vargas to a letter to the editor about his article on endoscopic resection of early gastric cancer is presented.

Lichens are increasingly used worldwide as air quality biomonitors because they are efficient, easy and cheap, but validation studies of the methodology are scarce. Three foliose lichen biomonitoring methods were compared by field tests (in the tropical urban habitat of San José, Costa Rica) and laboratory simulations: (1) the 100 uniform squares template traditionally used in North America, (2) the European 200 uniform points template and (3) a new computer-generated random points template (10 x 20 cm) in two versions: 100 points and 50 points. Repeated measurement by the same observer causes a variation of 2-14% and the templates' error is 0.2-11%. We recommend the 100 random point template (applied to four sides of trunk) for ecological studies and the 50 random points template (applied to side with greatest lichen cover) for biomonitoring because it reduces time and costs by nearly 50% but still has acceptable reliability values.