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ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the spiritual well-being of nursing professionals with work-related musculoskeletal disorders. Method: Cross-sectional observational study, carried out with nursing professionals from a public university hospital in Bahia, Brazil, from March to June 2023. Data was collected in a face-to-face interview in which sociodemographic, clinical and occupational data were extracted, in addition to the Spiritual Well-Being Scale application. Descriptive and analytical statistical analysis was carried out. Results: Most nursing professionals (n=48) were women (89.6%), mean age 44.3(±5.4), black and brown (85.5%), married (31.3%), nursing technicians (83.3%), more than 10 years in the profession (87.5%). The majority of participants had a religion (60.4%), 43.8% were Catholic, with positive scores for spiritual well-being (77.1%), religious well-being (87.5%) and existential well-being (54.2%). Having worked in the field for more than 10 years, having a religion, and having spiritual/religious practices were related to higher spiritual well-being scores. Nursing technicians showed high levels of religious well-being and there was no significant results when comparing the variables studied with existential well-being. Conclusion: Most nursing workers with musculoskeletal disorders presented a high level of spiritual well-being and religious well-being. In addition, there was little difference between the moderate and high results of existential well-being.

Abstract Introduction Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is the fourth most prevalent mental disorder and is a disabling condition. OCD is associated with anatomical and functional changes in the brain, in addition to dysfunctional cognitions. The treatments of choice are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), and exposure and response prevention (ERP). Trial-based cognitive therapy (TBCT) is a recent and empirically validated psychotherapy with a focus on restructuring dysfunctional negative core beliefs (CBs). The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of TBCT relative to ERP for treatment of OCD. Methods A randomized, single-blind clinical trial was conducted, randomizing 26 patients for individual treatment with TBCT (n = 12) or ERP (n = 14). The groups were evaluated at baseline, at the end of 3 months (12 sessions), and at 3, 6, and 12-month follow-ups. Results Both approaches reduced the severity of symptoms with large effect sizes. These results were maintained at the 12-month follow-up assessment. Conclusion TBCT may be a valid and promising treatment for this disorder.

Objetivo: conhecer a vivência da equipe de enfermagem ao atuar em situação de luto parental na Terapia Intensiva Neonatal. Método: estudo qualitativo desenvolvido por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas no período de março a abril de 2021 com profissionais de enfermagem de uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise temática de conteúdo. Resultados: o ato de vivenciar o luto parental pela equipe de enfermagem perpassa pela tristeza, impotência e sofrimento. Estratégias enfrentadas nesse momento são pautadas na empatia e humanização. Para os profissionais, o conhecimento para encarar a situação advém das próprias experiências de perda na vida pessoal e profissional, da força e religiosidade. Conclusão: espera-se que este estudo contribua para a prática dos profissionais da saúde na assistência aos pais que vivenciam o processo de luto parental no contexto da terapia intensiva neonatal.

Objective: to know the experience of the nursing team when acting in situations of parental bereavement in Neonatal Intensive Care. Method: qualitative study developed through semi-structured interviews from March to April 2021 with nursing professionals from a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The results were submitted to thematic content analysis. Results: The act of experiencing parental bereavement by the nursing staff involves sadness, helplessness, and suffering. Strategies faced at this moment are based on empathy and humanization. For the professionals, the knowledge to face the situation comes from their own experiences of loss in their personal and professional lives, from their strength and religiosity. Conclusion: it is expected that this study contributes to the practice of health professionals in assisting parents who experience the process of parental bereavement in neonatal intensive care.

Objetivo: conocer la experiencia del equipo de enfermería al actuar en situaciones de aflicción parental en Cuidado Intensivo Neonatal. Método: estudio cualitativo desarrollado a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas en el período de marzo a abril de 2021 con profesionales de enfermería de una Unidad de Cuidado Intensivo Neonatal en Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Los resultados se sometieron a un análisis temático de contenido. Resultados: el acto de vivir lo luto parental por parte del equipo de enfermería atraviesa la tristeza, la impotencia y el sufrimiento. Las estrategias a las que nos enfrentamos en este momento se basan en la empatía y la humanización. Para los profesionales, el conocimiento para afrontar la situación viene dado por las propias experiencias de pérdida en la vida personal y profesional, de la fuerza y la religiosidad. Conclusión: se espera que este estudio contribuya a la práctica de los profesionales de la salud en la asistencia a los padres que experimentan el proceso de luto parental en el contexto de los cuidados intensivos neonatales.

Resumo Objetivo Descrever (geronto)tecnologias cuidativas para pessoas idosas com a doença de Alzheimer e suas famílias, a partir de oficinas de sensibilização/capacitação. Métodos Pesquisa-ação estratégica desenvolvida com 12 acadêmicos de enfermagem, Fisioterapia, Odontologia e Terapia Ocupacional de uma universidade do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Os dados coletados de setembro a dezembro de 2019, mediante entrevista semiestruturada, após oficinas de sensibilização sobre (geronto)tecnologias de cuidado às pessoas idosas e suas famílias, foram submetidos a análise textual discursiva. Resultados Permitiram a descrição de (geronto)tecnologia na forma de produto: placas de identificação dos objetos e cômodos; produtos para organização da medicação; crachá de identificação; barras de apoio, arredondadores, tapetes antiderrapantes e adaptações diversas; calendário do banho; jogos, livros e atividades manuais. E, na forma de processo/conhecimento/estratégias: diálogo, lembranças e negociações; acompanhar o idoso e orientar vizinhos sobre a doença de Alzheimer; e divisão de responsabilidades. Conclusão As oficinas de sensibilização/capacitação contribuíram para o conhecimento dos estudantes de diferentes núcleos de formação e apresentaram potencial de contribuição para o cuidado da pessoa idosa com a doença de Alzheimer e sua família, por meio das (geronto)tecnologias sugeridas.

Abstract Objective To analyze the epidemiological stroke data of Brazil according to the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study in 2016 and secondary data from the GBD database. Results The highest percentage of deaths due to stroke in general occurred in individuals aged 70 years or over (60.2%; 95% confidence interval [CI] 59.9–60.5%) followed by that in men (52.9%; 95% CI 52.6–53.2%). Ischemic stroke was the most common type, accounting for 61.8% (95% CI 61.5–62.1%) of deaths due to stroke in 2016. Most of the epidemiological indicators (incidence, prevalence, mortality-to-incidence ratio, mortality, disability-adjusted life years, years lost due to disability, and years of life lost) of stroke in general or either type of stroke were higher in men and those aged 70 years or over. Stroke data in Brazil are a major concern and represent a real health challenge for the coming decades. Men and individuals aged 70 years or older appear to represent the groups with the highest epidemiological parameters and risk for the various stroke outcomes. However, this does not mean the female data are irrelevant, which, although representing a lower risk than the male data, also raise the need for policies aimed at prevention and improvement in the treatment of stroke and its sequelae.

Neste artigo, apresentamos uma análise comparativa entre diretrizes curriculares oficiais brasileiras para o ensino de História, com o intuito de destacar encaminhamentos pedagógicos para o trabalho com a leitura e a produção textual escrita no ensino básico. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, de natureza documental. Alguns pressupostos teóricos dos estudos do letramento informam a investigação realizada. Os resultados apontaram convergências entre as orientações curriculares oficiais no que concerne ao trabalho com escrita em aulas de História. Destacamos o letramento científico como uma abordagem que pode contribuir para o trabalho pedagógico interdisciplinar em aulas de História.

The potential role of coffee as a hepatoprotective substance for chronic liver diseases has been widely discussed. Our main aim was to evaluate the effect of coffee intake regarding clinical, biochemical tests and liver biopsy data in treatment naïve patients with chronic hepatitis C. One hundred and thirty-six patients with chronic hepatitis C, diagnosed through liver biopsy, or by means of clinical, ultrasound or endoscopic signs of cirrhosis, were assessed by determination of biochemical tests, metabolic and morphological alterations. Food frequency was scrutinized by using a structured questionnaire. Coffee intake represented more than 90% of the total daily caffeine, and the 75th percentile was 4-Brazilian coffee-cup/day (≥255 mL/day or ≥123 mg caffeine/day). According to caffeine intake, patients were divided into two groups (< or ≥123 mg caffeine/day). Patients with higher ingestion of caffeine had lower serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (× upper limit of normal) (1.8 ± 1.5 vs 2.3 ± 1.5, p = 0.04), lower frequencies of advanced (F3, F4) fibrosis (23.5% vs 54.5%, p

CONTEXT: Due to its good correlation to glycemic clamp, HOMA-IR has been widely utilized as insulin resistance index in clinical and epidemiological studies involving non-alcoholic fatty liver disease carriers. However, values used for this parameter have shown large variability. OBJECTIVE: To identify the HOMA-IR cut value that best distinguishes non-diabetic non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients from a control group. METHODS: One hundred sixteen non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients were studied, diagnosed by clinical, biochemical, and liver image or biopsy criteria, and 88 healthy individuals, without any liver disease and testing for oral glucose tolerance within normality. These groups did not differ in age and gender. All were submitted to oral glucose tolerance test and blood samples were collected for glucose and insulin measurements by immunofluorometric method. HOMA-IR was calculated according to the formula: fasting insulin (µU/L) x fasting glucose (nmol/L)/22.5. RESULTS: NAFLD patients showed higher insulin, glycemia, and HOMA-IR values than control group, even when excluding glucose intolerant and diabetes mellitus patients by their glycemic curves. HOMA-IR 75th percentile for control group was 1.78 and the best area under the curve index was obtained for HOMA-IR values of 2.0 [AUC= 0.840 (0.781-0.899 CI 95%), sensitivity (Se): 85%, specificity (Sp): 83%] while value 2.5 showed best specificity without important loss in sensitivity [AUC=0,831 (0.773-0.888) Se = 72%, Sp = 94%]. CONCLUSION: HOMA-IR values above or equal to 2.0 or 2.5 show enhanced diagnostic value in distinguishing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease carriers from control group individuals.CONTEXTO: Pela sua boa correlação com o "clamp" glicêmico, o HOMA-IR tem sido largamente utilizado como índice de resistência insulínica em estudos clínicos e epidemiológicos em pacientes com doença hepática gordurosa não-alcoólica. Porém os valores utilizados para esse parâmetro têm sido muito variáveis. OBJETIVO: Identificar o valor de corte do HOMA-IR que melhor diferencie pacientes com doença hepática gordurosa não-alcoólica não-diabéticos, de um grupo controle. MÉTODOS: Foram estudados 116 pacientes com doença hepática gordurosa não-alcoólica, diagnosticados por critérios clínicos, bioquímicos e de imagem ou biopsia hepática e 88 indivíduos saudáveis, sem doença hepática e com teste de tolerância oral à glicose dentro da normalidade. Esses grupos não diferiam quanto à idade e gênero. Todos foram submetidos ao teste de tolerância oral à glicose e coletadas amostras de sangue para dosagem de glicemia e de insulina através de método imunofluorimétrico. Foi feito o cálculo do HOMA-IR de acordo com fórmula = insulina de jejum (µU/L) x glicemia de jejum (nmol/L)/22.5. RESULTADOS: Os pacientes com doença hepática gordurosa não-alcoólica apresentaram valores mais elevados de insulina, glicemia e HOMA-IR que o grupo controle, mesmo quando excluídos os pacientes com diagnóstico de intolerância à glicose ou de diabetes mellitus pela curva glicêmica. O percentil 75 para HOMA-IR no grupo controle foi de 1.78 e o melhor índice de área sob a curva foi obtido para os valores de HOMA-IR de 2,0 [ASC = 0,840 (0,781-0,899 IC95%), sensibilidade: 85%, especificidade: 83%] enquanto o valor de 2,5 foi o que apresentou melhor especificidade, sem perda importante de sensibilidade [ASC = 0,831 (0.773-0.888) sensibilidade: 72%, especificidade: 94%] . CONCLUSÃO: Valores de HOMA-IR acima ou iguais a 2.0 ou 2.5 mostram elevado valor diagnóstico na distinção entre os doentes com doença hepática gordurosa não-alcoólica e indivíduos do grupo controle.

CONTEXT: Ulcerative colitis is an inflammatory bowel disease involving superficial inflammation of the mucosa of the colon, rectum, and anus, sometimes including the terminal ileum. When in clinical activity, the disease is characterized by various daily evacuations containing blood, mucus and/or pus alternating periods of remission. OBJECTIVE: To compare nutritional parameters (dietary, biochemical and anthropometric) among patients with ulcerative colitis followed up on an outpatient basis over a period of 1 year and during periods of intestinal inflammatory activity and remission. METHODS: Sixty-five patients were studied over a period of 1 year and divided into two groups: group 1 with inflammatory disease activity (n = 24), and group 2 without disease activity (n = 41). Anthropometric measures, biochemical parameters, quantitative food intake, and qualitative food frequency were analyzed. RESULTS: A significant reduction in body mass index and weight and in the intake of energy, proteins, lipids, calcium, iron and phosphorus was observed in the group with inflammatory activity (group 1) when compared to the period of clinical remission. The most affected food groups were cereals, legumes, oils, and fats. In contrast, in group 2 significant differences in triceps and sub scapular skin fold thickness, total protein, hemoglobin and hematocrit were observed between the first and final visit. Calcium and vitamin B6 intake, as well as the consumption of legumes, meat and eggs, and sugar and sweets, was significantly higher than on the first visit. CONCLUSION: Patients with ulcerative colitis followed up on an outpatient basis tend to be well nourished. However, the nutritional aspects studied tend to worsen during the period of inflammatory disease activity.CONTEXTO: A retocolite ulcerativa inespecífica compreende uma das doenças inflamatórias intestinais, com características de inflamação superficial da mucosa do cólon, reto, ânus, podendo incluir o íleo terminal. Caracteriza-se por várias exonerações diárias, com a presença de sangue e/ou pus, cursando em períodos de atividade e remissão inflamatória intestinal. OBJETIVO: Comparar os parâmetros nutricionais (alimentares, bioquímicos e antropométricos) em pacientes com retocolite ulcerativa inespecífica acompanhados em ambulatório, durante a atividade e remissão da doença inflamatória, no período de 1 ano. MÉTODOS: Foram estudados 65 pacientes durante 1 ano e divididos em dois grupos: grupo 1 com atividade inflamatória da doença (n = 24) e grupo 2 sem atividade da doença (n = 41), e analisadas as medidas antropométricas, os exames bioquímicos, o consumo alimentar quantitativo e a frequência alimentar qualitativa. RESULTADOS: O grupo com atividade inflamatória (grupo 1) apresentou redução estatisticamente significante no índice de massa corpórea, peso, no consumo de energia, proteínas, lipídios, cálcio, ferro e fósforo, em relação ao período de remissão clínica. Os grupos alimentares com significado prejuízo foram os cereais, as leguminosas, os óleos e as gorduras. Já no grupo 2, foram observadas alterações com significância estatística na dobra cutânea tricipital e subescapular, nos valores de proteínas totais, hemoglobina e hematócrito da consulta inicial para a final. Encontrou-se consumo de cálcio e vitamina B6, assim como na ingestão do grupo das leguminosas, carnes e ovos, açúcares e doces maiores significativamente do que na consulta inicial. CONCLUSÃO: Pacientes com retocolite ulcerativa inespecífica, acompanhados em ambulatório, tendem a ser bem nutridos, mas na fase de atividade inflamatória da doença, há tendência na piora dos aspectos nutricionais estudados.

RACIONAL: Cerca de 35% dos casos de câncer estão envolvidos com fatores advindos da dieta e de outros como o álcool, o fumo, a luz solar, agentes químicos e infecções por vírus. O câncer de estômago é o segundo tipo de câncer mais diagnosticado no mundo, sendo responsável por cerca de 9,9% de todos os diagnósticos e cerca de 12,1% das mortes. OBJETIVOS: Comparar o peso corpóreo atual e habitual, grau de escolaridade, saneamento básico, tabagismo, etilismo e freqüência pregressa de consumo de alimentos entre pacientes com câncer de estômago e população controle. MÉTODO: Setenta pacientes com câncer gástrico foram pareados a outros 70 indivíduos sem diagnóstico de neoplasia. Foram coletados peso, altura, informações sobre grau de escolaridade, saneamento básico, tabagismo e etilismo e preenchido um questionário de freqüência alimentar pregressa. RESULTADOS: Dos 75 pacientes elegíveis para o estudo, 42 eram homens, com média de idade de 59,5 anos. O grupo de pacientes com câncer apresentou menor peso e índice de massa corporal atual do que o grupo controle. Em relação ao grau de escolaridade, verificou-se que, no grupo de pacientes com câncer, 21 indivíduos nunca ingressaram na escola e dos que estudaram, cerca de 55% não conseguiram concluir o primeiro grau. Nesse grupo, 32,9% dos indivíduos tiveram acesso ao saneamento básico e 37,1% à eletricidade no passado; no grupo controle, esse percentual foi de 68,6% para cada uma das variáveis. No grupo caso, 58,6% dos pacientes moraram na zona rural, enquanto no grupo controle apenas 7,1%. No grupo caso, 65.7% eram fumantes versus 44.3%, no grupo controle. Observou-se também que os pacientes com câncer fumaram por período maior. O alcoolismo também foi mais freqüente entre os pacientes com câncer (45% versus 19%). Verificou-se que, entre os pacientes com câncer, houve maior consumo de alimentos ricos em sal, condimentos, nitratos, gordura animal saturada, carboidratos complexos, açúcar refinado e salgados fritos, comparado ao grupo controle. CONCLUSÃO: Os doentes com câncer gástrico, quando comparados ao grupo controle, apresentaram: perda de peso, queda da qualidade de vida verificada pelo baixo acesso a saneamento básico, eletricidade e escolaridade, residiram predominantemente em área rural, alta incidência de alcoolismo e alta ingestão de alimentos ricos em gorduras, alimentos industrializados e álcool.BACKGROUND: About 35% of the cancer patients are involved in factors coming from the diet and others like alcohol, smoking, sunlight, chemical agents and infections caused by virus. The stomach cancer is the second cause of cancer in the world with 9.9 % of all diagnosis and about 12.1 % of death cases. AIMS: Evaluate the body weight, educational achievement, basic sanitation, smoking, alcoholism and eating habit among patients with gastric cancer and a control group. METHODS: Seventy patients with gastric cancer were paired with 70 subjects without cancer. Data on the weight and height, educational attainment, basic sanitation, smoking, alcoholism and eating habits of the patients were collected from the clinical records and from interviews. RESULTS: Forty two patients were men, the mean age were 60 years old. The actual weight and body mass index of the patients were smaller when compared to the controls. Within the group of patients with gastric cancer, 21 never attended school, and for those who attended, 55% did not finish the elementary school. Among the patient group, 32.9% of them lived in housing with basic sanitation and 37.1% with electricity, against 68.6% of the controls, and 58.6% of the patients lived in rural area, against only 7.1% of the controls. Among the test group, 65.7% of the patients were smokers, whereas in the control group, 44.3% were smokers. In addition, there was also difference in the duration of smoking habit. Alcoholism was also more frequent in the cancer group (44% vs 19%). Food rich in salt, condiments, nitrates, saturated fat, complex carbohydrates, refined sugar and fried salted food had been more used by gastric cancer patients. CONCLUSION: The patients with gastric cancer presented with: less weight, low quality of life as indicated by lower or no access to basic sanitation, electricity and schooling, lived predominantly in rural area, high incidence of alcohol intake and higher intake of high fat foods and industrialized foods.

Este trabalho apresenta os resultados de uma experiência de ensino realizada numa turma de Ensino Médio de uma escola periférica da cidade de Viçosa-MG. Tornou-se relevante repensar novas estratégias para instigar os estudantes a ler mais e a buscar mais informações, uma vez que notava- se pouca informatividade nas redações dos discentes e pouca desenvoltura dos mesmos em captar informações, até mesmo explícitas na superfície textual ou expostas por meio de paráfrases. O jornal foi escolhido como instrumento didático por este ser um suporte que abarca diversos gêneros textuais, além de apresentar informações sobre questões contemporâneas. A partir de leituras, debates e análise crítica das informações jornalísticas, foi possível trabalhar as ideologias dos discursos midiáticos. Destarte, este trabalho convida a comunidade docente, bem como a sociedade em geral, a refletir sobre a inserção de instrumentos de comunicação no espaço escolar como acréscimo à limitação dos textos do livro didático, intervindo na rotina da sala de aula. Palavras chave: Ideologias, jornal impresso, leitor crítico. Áreas temáticas: Educação e comunicação.

To know the prevalence and etiology of oral and maxillofacial trauma in elders.Analytical quantitative cross-sectional study conducted at a public trauma hospital located in Fortaleza-Ceará, Brazil. The study population comprised patients with trauma who were hospitalized from April to August 2014. Of these patients, patients with oral and maxillofacial trauma were chosen to be included in the research. A questionnaire was administered in order to obtain information on socio-demographics, systemic comorbidities, use of medication, deleterious habits (smoking and alcohol consumption), etiology of oral and maxillofacial trauma and type of pre-hospital care.Of the 280 elderly hospitalized with trauma, 47 had oral and maxillofacial trauma, with a prevalence of 16.8%. In this group, the age ranged from 60 to 88 years, with a mean age of 72.4 years (SD± 8.38). The elderly were mostly women (55.3%), self-declared pardos (53.2%), who presented with cardiovascular disorders (48.9%), and who received formal pre-hospital care (70.2%). Elderly who were in the 60-69 years age group, spent 6-9 years at school and drank alcohol were 2.64, 3.75, and 1.97, respectively, more likely to suffer oral and maxillofacial trauma. The main causes of trauma were physical aggression, traffic accidents, falls and domestic accidents. All of the physical aggressions resulted in oral and maxillofacial traumas, and the elderly who suffered traffic accidents were four times more likely to have oral and maxillofacial trauma.The prevalence of 16.8% and the lack of research on oral and maxillofacial traumas in the elderly is worrisome and should be included in the oral health indicators for the elderly population to support the importance of oral health.

Racional — A albumina sérica é freqüentemente definida como um indicador de estado nutricional. No entanto, hipoalbuminemia pode refletir reação de fase aguda mediada por citocinas durante um evento inflamatório. Tanto desnutrição, como hipoalbuminemia são achados relevantes na doença de Crohn. Objetivo - Estudar a relação da albumina sérica com atividade inflamatória e com estado nutricional em pacientes com doença de Crohn. Casuística/Método — Trinta e seis pacientes avaliados quanto ao estado nutricional por parâmetros antropométricos e a atividade inflamatória da doença intestinal definida por índice clínico e velociodade de hemossedimentação. Resultados - Não se encontrou associação entre desnutrição e hipoalbuminemia. A utilização dessa proteína como parâmetro bioquímico na avaliação nutricional foi dispensável para se diagnosticar desnutrição. Houve significativa relação entre atividade inflamatória e hipoalbuminemia, demonstrando 100% de sensibilidade na identificação de inflamação ativa. Conclusão - Estes resultados sugerem a dosagem de albumina sérica como marcador sensível de doença de Crohn ativa e a necessidade de um parâmetro laboratorial mais adequado para avaliação nutricional rotineira nos portadores desta doença inflamatória intestinal.

O alto índice de pacientes asilares nas instituições psiquiátricas representa um dos maiores desafios ao processo da reforma psiquiátrica em curso no Brasil. O intuito desta pesquisa foi o de acompanhar e descrever o processo de desospitalização de pacientes crônicos e asilares que vem ocorrendo em uma dessas instituições. Verificou-se que, nos raros casos em que o paciente asilar é desospitalizado, ele não é desinstitucionalizado e sua situação de tutela é mantida. O processo exige uma política de inclusão que implique não apenas mudanças na estrutura de serviços mas também uma nova clínica apoiada na ética do sujeito.

O alto índice de pacientes asilares nas instituições psiquiátricas representa um dos maiores desafios ao processo da reforma psiquiátrica em curso no Brasil. O intuito desta pesquisa foi o de acompanhar e descrever o processo de desospitalização de pacientes crônicos e asilares que vem ocorrendo em uma dessas instituições. Verificou-se que, nos raros casos em que o paciente asilar é desospitalizado, ele não é desinstitucionalizado e sua situação de tutela é mantida. O processo exige uma política de inclusão que implique não apenas mudanças na estrutura de serviços mas também uma nova clínica apoiada na ética do sujeito.

ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the contributions of awareness-raising workshops to the knowledge of students in health courses about care (geronto)technologies for elderly people/family. Methods: a strategic action research, developed with 12 students from the last semester of nursing, physiotherapy, dentistry and occupational therapy from a university in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Data were collected from September to December 2019, through semi-structured interviews, before and after awareness-raising workshops, and submitted to content analysis. Results: the analyzed data, before the workshops, allowed constructing two categories that dealt with lack of knowledge and non-use of care (geronto)technologies. After the workshops, five categories made it possible to understand (geronto)technologies in the form of products and in the form of processes/strategies/knowledge. Conclusion: carrying out awareness-raising workshops contributed to knowledge production regarding the conceptual aspect and identification of their usefulness in the care setting.

The aim of the present work was to compare the capacity to modulate the intestinal microbiota and the production of metabolites after 14 d administration of a commercial dietary supplement and a manufactured ice cream, both containing the same quantity of inulin and the same viable counts of Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5 and Bifidobacterium animalis BB-12, using the Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (SHIME®) model. Samples of the colonic contents were evaluated microbiologically by real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) and next-generation sequencing and chemically by the production of SCFA (acetate, propionate and butyrate) and ammonium ions ($\text{NH}_4^ + $). Statistical analyses were carried out for all the variables using the two-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey multiple comparisons test (P < 0·05) for metabolite production, qRT-PCR and the bioinformatics analysis for microbiota diversity. Dietary supplement and ice cream were able to deliver the probiotic L. acidophilus and B. animalis to the simulated colon and modulate the microbiota, increasing beneficial micro-organisms such as Bifidobacterium spp., Bacteroides spp. and Faecalibacterium spp. for dietary supplement administration, and Lactobacillus spp. for ice cream supplementation. However, the ice cream matrix was probably more favourable for the maintenance of the metabolic activity of the probiotics in the SHIME® model, due to the larger amounts of acetate, propionate, butyrate and ammonium ions obtained after 14 d of supplementation. In conclusion, both ways of probiotic supplementation could be efficient, each with its own particularities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To know the prevalence and etiology of oral and maxillofacial trauma in elders. Methods: Analytical quantitative cross-sectional study conducted at a public trauma hospital located in Fortaleza-Ceará, Brazil. The study population comprised patients with trauma who were hospitalized from April to August 2014. Of these patients, patients with oral and maxillofacial trauma were chosen to be included in the research. A questionnaire was administered in order to obtain information on socio-demographics, systemic comorbidities, use of medication, deleterious habits (smoking and alcohol consumption), etiology of oral and maxillofacial trauma and type of pre-hospital care. Results: Of the 280 elderly hospitalized with trauma, 47 had oral and maxillofacial trauma, with a prevalence of 16.8%. In this group, the age ranged from 60 to 88 years, with a mean age of 72.4 years (SD± 8.38). The elderly were mostly women (55.3%), self-declared pardos (53.2%), who presented with cardiovascular disorders (48.9%), and who received formal pre-hospital care (70.2%). Elderly who were in the 60–69 years age group, spent 6–9 years at school and drank alcohol were 2.64, 3.75, and 1.97, respectively, more likely to suffer oral and maxillofacial trauma. The main causes of trauma were physical aggression, traffic accidents, falls and domestic accidents. All of the physical aggressions resulted in oral and maxillofacial traumas, and the elderly who suffered traffic accidents were four times more likely to have oral and maxillofacial trauma. Conclusion: The prevalence of 16.8% and the lack of research on oral and maxillofacial traumas in the elderly is worrisome and should be included in the oral health indicators for the elderly population to support the importance of oral health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The prevalence of depression in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with a worsening of prognosis. Most studies classify COPD patients as depressive or non-depressive based on symptoms, rather than on a diagnosis using specific tools. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the impact of depression, as diagnosed by the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview Plus (MINI), on functional capacity estimated by the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) and unsupported upper-limb exercise test, and quality of life estimated by Saint George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), among patients with COPD., Results: Using the MINI as a diagnostic tool, 22.2 % of all patients (6.6 % of all men and 41.6 % of all women) were diagnosed with depression. No significant differences were found between depressive and non-depressive patients with regard to anthropometric measurements, lung function, functional capacity, or quality of life variables. The best models for the dependent variables representing functional capacity and quality of life revealed that the covariates SGRQTOTAL and gender (R(2) = 16.7 %) were significant in explaining the response variable for functional capacity of the upper limbs. Results also showed that age, monthly income, insomnia, and the results of a 6MWT were significant in explaining overall quality of life (R(2) = 46 %), and that the percentage of the predicted forced expiratory volume in the first second post-bronchodilator and gender were significant in explaining walking distance (R(2) = 22 %). Depression, as diagnosed by the MINI, was not significant in explaining any of the dependent variables., Conclusions: Despite a high prevalence of depression in COPD patients, especially in women, depression, as diagnosed by the MINI, was not correlated with functional capacity tests or quality of life in patients with moderate to very severe COPD in the present study. This suggests that depression identified by this diagnostic test may be more accurate than depression diagnosed by tests that evaluate symptoms, as they may be influenced by the perceptions of the patient in relation to their health.

Objective: To compare FEV1 and FVC, calculated using three sets of reference equations (devised by Polgar & Promadhat, Hsu et al. and Mallozi in 1971, 1979 and 1995, respectively) and to determine whether the three are similar in predicting lung function in children and adolescents with distinct body mass indices (BMIs)., Methods: The individuals were separated into four groups in accordance with the reference standards of the National Center for Health Statistics: underweight (UW), normal weight (NW), overweight (OW), and obese (OB). All were then submitted to spirometry., Results: We evaluated 122 healthy children and adolescents, aged 7-14 years. The FVC values predicted for NW females and UW males through the use of the Hsu et al. equation were significantly higher than the measured values, as were the FEV1 values for UW females and males predicted via the Polgar & Promadhat and Hsu et al. equations. In NW females, the FEV1 values predicted via the Polgar & Promadhat equation were significantly higher than were the measured values., Conclusions: In individuals with distinct BMIs, the measured FVC and FEV1 values were not equivalent to those predicted via the Polgar & Promadhat and Hsu et al. equations. The same was not true for the Mallozi equations. The BMI was not a relevant factor for the predictive index of these equations; therefore, the Mallozi equations can be used without alteration for children and adolescents with distinct BMIs.