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The limited folding resistance of continuous silicon carbide (SiC) fibres hinders their application as flexible, foldable materials. With this objective in mind, the folding endurance and damage properties of the second (2nd) and third (3rd) generation continuous SiC fibre tows were investigated through repeated folding tests, optical microscope observation and tensile tests. These SiC fibre tows were disassembled from two-dimensional (2D) SiC fibre braided fabrics with varying braiding angles. The braiding process can alleviate the force on fibre tows during the textile forming process. The investigation of damage mechanisms and analysis of force conditions are instrumental in optimizing structural parameters. The research findings suggested that, in comparison to the 3rd generation continuous SiC fibres, the 2nd generation SiC fibre tows demonstrated higher resistance to repeated folding. In contrast, the 2nd generation fabrics exhibited slightly lower folding endurance values. After repeated folding, the SiC fibre tows in fabrics showed the highest strength losses near the braiding angle of 37.8° to 38.3°. In comparison, the SiC fibre fabric demonstrated the lowest folding endurance values (approximately 760 times) near the braiding angle of 41° to 42°. Considering factors such as folding endurance value, the strength loss rate of fibre tows and fabric strength loss rate, it can be concluded that SiC fibres in fabrics with large braiding angles exhibit optimal performance in terms of folding endurance.

Characterized by rapid maturation, short growth cycles, and high strength and toughness, bamboo can be compounded with polymers to produce bamboofiber reinforced polymeric composites (BFRPCs). These composites exhibit corrosion resistance comparable to traditional materials such as glass fiber and carbon fiber composites. Additionally, they possess features like low density, high strength, degradability, and environmental friendliness, with low production costs and strong industrial applicability. This paper reviews the accomplishments in BFRPCs and provides an overview of the production processes for BFRPCs. Furthermore, it summarizes the research status of mechanical properties, moisture absorption characteristics, interface performance, and flame retardancy of these composites. The current issues with BFRPCs were analyzed. Finally, the paper explores future research directions and potential applications of BFRPCs. Highlights: The performance studies on BFRPCs are comprehensively presented.Composite processing of BFPRCs is reviewed.Pros and cons of various types of BFRPCs are analyzed.Overview of the applications of BFRPCs in various domains is presented.Future trends and challenges of BFRPCs are introduced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Designing wound dressings necessitates the crucial considerations of maintaining a moist environment and implementing effective bacterial control. Furthermore, developing a three-dimensional framework emulating the extracellular matrix (ECM) confers advantages in fostering cellular migration and proliferation. Inspired by this, hydrogel/nanofiber composites have been demonstrated as promising materials for wound dressings. The composites also overcome the disadvantages of poor mechanical properties and rapid release of traditional pure hydrogels. In this study, we constructed a calcium alginate hydrogel/polylactic acid nanofiber (CAH/PLANF) composite with an interpenetrated network. Additionally, the synthesis of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) incorporated into the composite system endowed the system with enhanced mechanical properties and photodynamic antibacterial attributes. The obtained composite patch (ZIF-8@CAH/PLANF) exhibited excellent swelling, strong mechanical properties, low cytotoxicity, and durable photodynamic antibacterial effect with an antibacterial efficacy of higher than 99.99%. Finally, bacterial infection and wound healing properties were investigated in vivo, and the ZIF-8@CAH/PLANF patch was proven to have the ability to fight infection and accelerate wound healing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hydrogels are widely used in wound dressings due to their moisturizing properties and biocompatibility. However, traditional hydrogel dressings cannot monitor wounds and provide accurate treatment. Recent advancements focus on hydrogel dressings with integrated monitoring and treatment functions, using sensors or intelligent materials to detect changes in the wound microenvironment. These dressings enable responsive treatment to promote wound healing. They can carry out responsive dynamic treatment in time to effectively promote wound healing. However, there is still a lack of comprehensive reviews of hydrogel wound dressings that incorporate both wound micro-environment monitoring and treatment functions. Therefore, this review categorizes hydrogel dressings according to wound types and examines their current status, progress, challenges, and future trends. It discusses various wound types, including infected wounds, burns, and diabetic and pressure ulcers, and explores the wound healing process. The review presents hydrogel dressings that monitor wound conditions and provide tailored treatment, such as pH-sensitive, temperature-sensitive, glucose-sensitive, pressure-sensitive, and nano-composite hydrogel dressings. Challenges include developing dressings that meet the standards of excellent biocompatibility, improving monitoring accuracy and sensitivity, and overcoming obstacles to production and commercialization. Furthermore, it provides the current status, progress, challenges, and future trends in this field, aiming to give a clear view of its past, present, and future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As interest in smart textiles grows, fiber-based supercapacitors are gaining attention as promising devices for powering wearable electronics. Herein, we have demonstrated a two-step manufactured hybrid fiber with excellent energy storage properties. Anhydrous MXene (Ti3C2Tx) sheets are primarily spun in synergy with liquid crystal carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to produce a continuous fiber as a promising electrode material, which solves the problem of poor rate capability owing to the sheet re-stacking of MXene. MnO2@MXene/CNT fibers are subsequently prepared by electrochemical deposition with controlled time. The optimal content of MXene (10 wt%) and a perfect thickness of the MnO2 layer (4 μm) are testified to achieve an excellent capacitance of 371.1 F cm−3 in three-electrode system, which is about 200% and 1800% higher than that of 10 wt%-MXene/CNT and CNT fiber electrode, respectively. Symmetric fiber supercapacitor is assembled by paralleling two fibers with LiCl/PVA gel electrolyte, manifesting a superior cycling stability of 86.3% after 10000 cycles. Anhydrous MXene nanosheets and CNTs are incorporated by a high yield spinning technique to prepare continuous hybrid fibers as a conductive framework for MnO2 deposition, exhibiting stable and outstanding energy storage properties in supercapacitor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the continuous demands for wearable electronics, the embeddable power sources have drawn attention to develop advanced electrode materials and feasible manufacture procedures. Fiber‐based flexible energy storage devices have the potential to be practically integrated by utilizing the high‐performance materials with precisely constructed structures. Herein, a novel approach is presented to achieve an outstanding fiber‐based supercapacitor by simultaneous wet‐spinning of mesoporous MXene (Ti3C2Tx) nanoflakes. The volumetric capacitance of the porous fiber is enhanced up to ≈145% when the content of mesoporous MXene reaches 15 wt%. The symmetric all‐solid‐state fiber supercapacitor shows an extraordinary capability of 821.5 F cm–3 at a current density of 0.5 A cm–3, which reflects an enormous improvement to that of a nonporous MXene fiber‐based supercapacitor. The measured energy density is 8.9 mWh cm–3 at a power density of 401 mW cm–3, which also indicates the effective synergy of the constructed pathways for ions and electrons. This work demonstrates the feasibility of scalable production of fiber‐based electrode materials with porous MXene for powering wearable applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: All‐solid‐state flexible supercapacitors (FSCs) are promising energy‐storage devices in wearable smart electronics. Carbon cloth (CC) has emerged as an ideal candidate as it can fulfill all the required properties for conductive, corrosion‐resistant, and lightweight FSC substrates. However, commercial CC is difficult to adhere to without crosslinkers and binders owing to the hydrophobic surface. Herein, oxygen plasma and chemistry methods are selected for hydrophilic modification of commercial CC. Then, Ti3C2Tx flakes are coated on the surface of modified CC as active materials. These modified morphologies were characterized by scanning electron microscope and mechanical properties were investigated by a fabric tensile tester. The electrochemical properties of the MXene‐based electrodes by two modification methods were compared. Chemistry modification CC/Ti3C2Tx electrode exhibits an areal capacitance of 513 mF cm−2, which is 88% higher than that of oxygen plasma‐modified CC/MXene electrode, and capacitance retention remains above 92% after 10 000 cycles. This work proposes a feasible strategy, offering a platform for rational designs of flexible electronics based on textiles, as well as employing a large family of MXenes and their heterostructures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The demands for wearable technologies continue to grow and novel approaches for powering these devices are being enabled by the advent of new electromaterials and novel fabrication strategies. Herein, a novel approach is reported to develop superelastic wet‐spun hybrid carbon nanotube graphene fibers followed by electrodeposition of polyaniline to achieve a high‐performance fiber‐based supercapacitor. It is found that the specific capacitance of hybrid carbon nanotube (CNT)/graphene fiber is enhanced up to ≈39% using a graphene to CNT fiber ratio of 1:3. Fabrication of spring‐like coiled fiber coated with an elastic polymer shows an extraordinary elasticity capable of 800% strain while affording a specific capacitance of ≈138 F g−1. The elastic rubber coating enables extreme stretchability and enabling cycles with up to 500% strain for thousands of cycles with no significant change in its performance. Multiple supercapacitors can be easily assembled in series or parallel to meet specific energy and power needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ubiquity of wearables, coupled with the increasing demand for power, presents a unique opportunity for nanostructured fiber-based mobile energy storage systems. When designing wearable electronic textiles, there is a need for mechanically flexible, low-cost and light-weight components. To meet this demand, we have developed an all-in-one fiber supercapacitor with a total thickness of less than 100 μm using a novel facile coaxial wet-spinning approach followed by a fiber wrapping step. The formed triaxial fiber nanostructure consisted of an inner poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) core coated with an ionically conducting chitosan sheath, subsequently wrapped with a carbon nanotube (CNT) fiber. The resulting supercapacitor is highly flexible, delivers a maximum energy density 5.83 Wh kg−1 and an extremely high power of 1399 W kg−1 along with remarkable cyclic stability and specific capacitance. This asymmetric all-in-one fiber supercapacitor may pave the way to a future generation of wearable energy storage devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Numbers of –F and –OH groups of Ti 3 C 2 T x could be removed by carbonizing. • Cotton fabrics contain the inherent flexibility after carbonizing. • High load of Ti 3 C 2 T x flakes on flexible substrate. • High areal capacitance of flexible supercapacitor based on Ti 3 C 2 T x /TiO 2 heterojunction. Flexible Carbonized MXene/Cotton fabric is prepared by dipping cotton fabric into Ti 3 C 2 T x suspension and carbonizing the composite fabric. Cotton fabric, embedded by Ti 3 C 2 T x flakes without the assistance of crosslinkers and binders, is the most used precursor of all carbon sources. In this work, Ti 3 C 2 T x flakes with different concentrations ranging from 2 to 8 wt% are loaded on cotton fabric and carbonized subsequently under the temperature from 800 to 1200 °C. The highest areal capacitance dramatically reaches to 794.2 mF cm−2 (233.6 F g−1) at a scan rate of 2 mV s−1 with 6 wt% Ti 3 C 2 T x at 1000 °C, which shows a 74% improvement compared to the carbonized cotton cloth dipped into the Ti 3 C 2 T x dispersions under same condition. Also, the assembled all-solid-state flexible supercapacitor remains 74% of capacitance even after 10,000 charge and discharge cycles showing a stable rechargeable ability. From a variety of cellulosic materials, the method can be used to produce Ti 3 C 2 T x composite fabrics which are promising candidates of energy storage, electromagnetic shielding, sensing, absorbing, electrocatalysis, etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the mechanical properties of Polyurethane Bark Gum (PBG) reinforced with Solid Glass Beads (SGBs) of varying diameters and content. The tensile analysis demonstrates that a 1% SGB volume fraction maximizes tensile stress and fracture elongation due to synergic composite effects, with smaller SGBs enhancing interfacial adhesion and reducing microcrack formation. The impact analysis revealed that the addition of SGB reduced the impact strength due to interface delamination and energy dissipation mechanisms, with optimal impact resistance observed at a particle size of 0.4–0.6 mm and a content of 5%. Morphological characterization was conducted using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and synchrotron radiation CT scanning techniques, highlighting the role of SGB in toughening, crack bridging, and stress shielding. This study provides insights into the performance of PBG/SGB composite materials and guides the material design for specific applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ubiquity of wearables, coupled with the increasing demand for power, presents a unique opportunity for nanostructured fiber-based mobile energy storage systems. When designing wearable electronic textiles, there is a need for mechanically flexible, low-cost and light-weight components. To meet this demand, we have developed an all-in-one fiber supercapacitor with a total thickness of less than 100 μm using a novel facile coaxial wet-spinning approach followed by a fiber wrapping step. The formed triaxial fiber nanostructure consisted of an inner poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) core coated with an ionically conducting chitosan sheath, subsequently wrapped with a carbon nanotube (CNT) fiber. The resulting supercapacitor is highly flexible, delivers a maximum energy density 5.83 Wh kg -1 and an extremely high power of 1399 W kg -1 along with remarkable cyclic stability and specific capacitance. This asymmetric all-in-one fiber supercapacitor may pave the way to a future generation of wearable energy storage devices.