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10. The temporal variability of Io's hotspots.

Author

Mura, A., Zambon, F., Tosi, F., Lopes, R. M. C., Rathbun, J., Pettine, M., Adriani, A., Altieri, F., Ciarniello, M., Cicchetti, A., Filacchione, G., Grassi, D., Noschese, R., Migliorini, A., Piccioni, G., Plainaki, C., Sordini, R., Sindoni, G., Turrini, D., and Radebaugh, Jani

Abstract

We investigate the variability of the power emission of Io's hotspots by using recent Juno/JIRAM infrared observations. The Jovian Infrared Auroral Mapper (JIRAM) is an imaging spectrometer which began observing Jupiter in August 2016. Although observing Jupiter's moons is not its primary objective, JIRAM can use the frequent opportunities to observe Io (up to once per orbit) to gather infrared images and spectra of its surface. The present study uses the data acquired by JIRAM during the last 2 years, including the location and morphology of Io's hotspots, and the temporal variability of the total output. A new photometric model for the hotspots and the dayside surface has been developed, which permits us to disentangle the temporal variability from the changes in the observation geometry. While the latitudinal dependence of the power output is not well constrained, low-latitude hotspots show a significantly more intense temporal variability and greater temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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11. JIRAM Observations of Volcanic Flux on Io: Distribution and Comparison to Tidal Heat Flow Models.

Author

Pettine, M., Imbeah, S., Rathbun, J., Hayes, A., Lopes, R. M. C., Mura, A., Tosi, F., Zambon, F., and Bertolino, S.

Subjects
GRAVITATIONAL interactions, INFRARED cameras, SOLAR system, VOLCANOES, HARMONIC analysis (Mathematics)
Abstract

Juno has allowed clear, high‐resolution imaging of Io's polar volcanoes using the Jovian Infrared Auroral Mapper (JIRAM) instrument. We have used data from JIRAM's M‐band (4.78 μm) imager from 11 Juno orbits to construct a global map of volcanic flux. This map provides short‐term insight into the spatial distribution of volcanoes and the ways in which high‐ and low‐latitude volcanoes differ. Using spherical harmonic analysis, we quantitatively compare our volcanic flux map to the surface heat flow distribution expected from models of Io's tidal heat deposition (summarized in de Kleer, Park, et al. (2019, https://doi.org/10.26206/d4wc‐6v82). Our observations confirm previously detected systems of bright volcanoes at high latitudes. Our study finds that both poles are comparably active and that the observed flux distribution is inconsistent with an asthenospheric heating model, although the south pole is viewed too infrequently to establish reliable trends. Plain Language Summary: Our study uses data from an infrared camera on Juno called the Jovian Infrared Auroral Mapper (JIRAM) to image Io, the innermost Galilean moon of Jupiter. Io is the most volcanically active body in the Solar System. Io's volcanoes are powered by both the extreme tides from Jupiter and the gravitational interactions between it and Jupiter's other moons. These tides generate friction inside Io. Simulations of Io's interior suggest that, depending on how deep that friction is being generated, the surface heat flow will be higher in certain areas (de Kleer, Park, et al., 2019, https://doi.org/10.26206/d4wc‐6v82). Using JIRAM, we have mapped where volcanoes are producing the most power and compared that to where we expect higher heat flow from the interior models. Our map doesn't agree with any of these models very well. JIRAM observed more volcanic activity at the poles than we expected to see based on previous observations. However, since the south pole was only observed twice, it's possible that these observations don't represent the average volcanic activity of the south pole. Very bright volcanoes that may have been continuously active for decades were also imaged during these Juno fly‐bys, some of which are nearer the poles than the equator. Key Points: We have produced a global volcanic flux map of Io using data from 11 Juno fly‐bysOur flux map doesn't agree well with tidal heat flow models reported in de Kleer, Park, et al. (2019, https://doi.org/10.26206/d4wc‐6v82)The M‐band flux is anti‐correlated with the asthenospheric heating model and has only very weak agreement with the global magma ocean model [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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18. St Andrew's COVID-19 surgery safety (StACS) study: Elective plastic surgery, trauma & burns

Author

Ahmad, Fateh, Banwell, Miles E, Barnes, David E, El-Muttardi, Naguib, Griffiths, Matthew, Hussain, Amer, Iwuagwu, Fortune C, Kangesu, Loshan, Khan, Waseem, Martin, Niall, Mopuri, Nabil, Morgan, Mary, Morris, Paul, Rorison, Patricia, Shelley, Odhran, Sierakowski, Adam, Tare, Makarand, Tzafetta, Kallirroi, Zweifel, Claire J, Appukuttan, Aswin, Balgaumwala, Tasneem, Counter, Oliver, Deelip Dhake, Swapnil, Fernandez-Diaz, Oscar F, Gathura, Esther, Harris, Nicola, Constantin Ion Jica, Romulus, Katechia, Devvrat, Lavender, Scott, Martin, David G, Mertic, Alex, Miranda, Adela, Myers, Jo, Nasrallah, Fady, Pantelides, Nicholas, Prior, Sheila, Raveendran, Sreekanth, Sell, Tracey, Sinha, Reetu, Smeeton, Ben T, Smith, Alex C D, Sofos, Stratos, Strong, Ben, Tang, Jasmine Y M, Thacoor, Amitabh, Tucker, Anne, Turkentine, Michele, Cornforth, Mark, Cowdery, Sally, Marasca, Alessandro, Palmer, Helen, Watts, Carole, Watts, Jan, Wiltshire, Rachel, Sing, Quillan Young, Zberea, Diana E, Mabvuure, Nigel T, Miranda, B.H., Hughes, W.R.M., Pinto-Lopes, R., Mathur, B.S., Ramakrishnan, V.V., and Sood, M.K.

Published
2021
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24. The Meta VCI Map consortium for meta-analyses on strategic lesion locations for vascular cognitive impairment using lesion-symptom mapping: Design and multicenter pilot study

Author

DeCarli, C., Fletcher, E.A., Maillard, P., Barnes, J., Sudre, C.H., Schott, J.M., Ikram, M.A., Papma, J.M., Steketee, R.M.E., Vernooij, M.W., Bordet, R., Lopes, R., Huang, C.-W., Frayne, R., McCreary, C.R., Smith, E.E., Backes, W., Köhler, S., van Oostenbrugge, R.J., Staals, J., Verhey, F., Cheng, C.Y., Kalaria, R.N., Werring, D., Hsu, J.L., Huang, K.-L., van der Grond, J., Jukema, J.W., van der Mast, R.C., Nijboer, T.C.W., Yu, K.-H., Schmidt, R., Pirpamer, L., MacIntosh, B.J., Robertson, A.D., de Leeuw, F.-E., Tuladhar, A.M., Chaturvedi, N., Tillin, T., Brodaty, H., Sachdev, P., Barkhof, F., van der Flier, W.M., Kappelle, L.J., Weaver, Nick A., Zhao, Lei, Biesbroek, J. Matthijs, Kuijf, Hugo J., Aben, Hugo P., Bae, Hee-Joon, Caballero, Miguel Á.A., Chappell, Francesca M., Chen, Christopher P.L.H., Dichgans, Martin, Duering, Marco, Georgakis, Marios K., van der Giessen, Ruben S., Gyanwali, Bibek, Hamilton, Olivia K.L., Hilal, Saima, vom Hofe, Elise M., de Kort, Paul L.M., Koudstaal, Peter J., Lam, Bonnie Y.K., Lim, Jae-Sung, Makin, Stephen D.J., Mok, Vincent C.T., Shi, Lin, Valdés Hernández, Maria C., Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Wardlaw, Joanna M., Wollenweber, Frank A., Wong, Adrian, Xin, Xu, and Biessels, Geert Jan

Published
2019
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28. Insight into porous fin microchannel heat sinks with improved thermo-hydraulic performance.

Author

Abdollahzadehsangroudi, M., Francisco, M., Lopes, R., Dolati, F., Pascoa, J. C., and Rodrigues, F.

Subjects
HEAT sinks, THERMAL hydraulics, HEAT convection, MICROCHANNEL flow, COMPUTATIONAL fluid dynamics, NUSSELT number, HEAT conduction
Abstract

The escalating demand for enhanced cooling systems, particularly in high-power computer processors, necessitates innovative solutions within the spatial constraints of computing environments. This paper introduces a design modification that strategically diverts a portion of the main flow toward and through the porous fin region, creating a "cross flow." The novel approach aims to maximize heat transfer through the fins, harnessing both conduction and convection heat transfer mechanisms. The realization of these flow patterns is achieved through interdigitated blocking of the inlet and outlet reigns of the microchannel, coupled with the utilization of converging and diverging microchannel porous fins in distinct elbow and zigzag geometrical configurations. Numerical simulations using computational fluid dynamics are employed to assess the proposed microchannel heat sink's thermo-hydraulic performance. The proposed design innovation significantly enhances heat dissipation efficiency by augmenting the convection heat transfer mechanism within the porous fins, resulting in a remarkable 17% improvement in Nusselt number compared to conventional parallel microchannel heat sinks with porous fins. This study provides valuable insight into the thermal and hydraulic performance of the proposed design, offering promising prospects for addressing the escalating demand for enhanced cooling systems in high-power computing environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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38. The Sand Seas of Titan: Cassini RADAR Observations of Longitudinal Dunes

Author

Lorenz, R. D., Wall, S., Radebaugh, J., Boubin, G., Reffet, E., Janssen, M., Stofan, E., Lopes, R., Kirk, R., Elachi, C., Lunine, J., Mitchell, K., Paganelli, F., Soderblom, L., Wood, C., Wye, L., Zebker, H., Anderson, Y., Ostro, S., Allison, M., Boehmer, R., Callahan, P., Encrenaz, P., Ori, G. G., Francescetti, G., Gim, Y., Hamilton, G., Hensley, S., Johnson, W., Kelleher, K., Muhleman, D., Picardi, G., Posa, F., Roth, L., Seu, R., Shaffer, S., Stiles, B., Vetrella, S., Flamini, E., and West, R.

Published
2006

44. Cassini Radar Views the Surface of Titan

Author

Elachi, C., Wall, S., Allison, M., Anderson, Y., Boehmer, R., Callahan, P., Encrenaz, P., Flamini, E., Franceschetti, G., Gim, Y., Hamilton, G., Hensley, S., Janssen, M., Johnson, W., Kelleher, K., Kirk, R., Lopes, R., Lorenz, R., Lunine, J., Muhleman, D., Ostro, S., Paganelli, F., Picardi, G., Posa, F., Roth, L., Seu, R., Shaffer, S., Soderblom, L., Stiles, B., Stofan, E., Vetrella, S., West, R., Wood, C., Wye, L., and Zebker, H.

Published
2005

49. Apixaban for Stroke Prevention in Subclinical Atrial Fibrillation.

Author

Healey, J. S., Lopes, R. D., Granger, C. B., Alings, M., Rivard, L., McIntyre, W. F., Atar, D., Birnie, D. H., Boriani, G., Camm, A. J., Conen, D., Erath, J. W., Gold, M. R., Hohnloser, S. H., Ip, J., Kautzner, J., Kutyifa, V., Linde, C., Mabo, P., and Mairesse, G.

Subjects
*ATRIAL fibrillation, *STROKE, *APIXABAN, *DISEASE risk factors
Abstract

BACKGROUND Subdinical atrial fibrillation is short-lasting and asymptomatic and can usually be detected only by long-term continuous monitoring with pacemakers or defibrillators. Subclinical atrial fibrillation is associated with an increased risk of stroke by a factor of 2.5; however, treatment with oral anticoagulation is of uncertain benefit. METHODS We conducted a trial involving patients with subclinical atrial fibrillation lasting 6 minutes to 24 hours. Patients were randomly assigned in a double-blind, double-dummy design to receive apixaban at a dose of 5 mg twice daily (2.5 mg twice daily when indicated) or aspirin at a dose of 81 mg daily. The trial medication was discontinued and anticoagulation started if subdinical atrial fibrillation lasting more than 24 hours or clinical atrial fibrillation developed. The primary efficacy outcome, stroke or systemic embolism, was assessed in the intention-to-treat population Call the patients who had undergone randomization); the primary safety outcome, major bleeding, was assessed in the on-treatment population (all the patients who had undergone randomization and received at least one dose of the assigned trial drug, with follow-up censored 5 days after permanent discontinuation of trial medication for any reason). RESULTS We included 4012 patients with a mean (*SD) age of 76.817.6 years and a mean CHA2DS2-VASc score of 3.911.1 (scores range from 0 to 9, with higher scores indicating a higher risk of stroke); 36.1% of the patients were women. After a mean follow-up of 3.511.8 years, stroke or systemic embolism occurred in 55 patients in the apixaban group (0.78% per patient-year) and in 86 patients iii the aspirin group (1.24% per patient-year) (hazard ratio, 0.63; 95% confidence interval ICI], 0.45 to 0.88; P=0.007). In the on-treatment population, the rate of major bleeding was 1.71°6 per patient-year in the apixaban group and 0.94% per patient-year in the aspirin group (hazard ratio, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.26 to 2.57; P=0.001). Fatal bleeding occurred in 5 patientS in the apixaban group and 8 patients in the aspirin group. CONCLUSIONS Among patients with subclinical atrial fibrillation, apixaban resulted in a lower risk of stroke or systemic embolism than aspirin but a higher risk of major bleeding. (Funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and others; ARTESIA ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01938248.). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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