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The synergistic effect of different antioxidants has potential application prospect in alleviating oxidative injury. Araloside A is the most abundant active ingredient of Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem, which exhibits multiple biological activities, including antioxidant, et al. This study investigated the interaction between Araloside A and several natural antioxidants, and explored the mechanism of the combination with synergistic antioxidant effect. The results showed that only the combination of Araloside A and L-ascorbic acid (A + Vc) exhibited synergistic effects in alleviating oxidative damage. A + Vc enhanced the expression levels of NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and Catalase (CAT) in a time-dependent and dose-dependent manner. However, the Nrf2 inhibitor-ML385 and CAT inhibitor-Pyocyanin impaired the protective effect of A + Vc. To conclude, A + Vc could ameliorate H2O2-induced oxidative injury via synergistic antioxidative effects originated from Nrf2/CAT pathway activation. Hence, dietary intake of A + Vc may be a practical, safe approach to prevent diseases associated with oxidative damage.

Patients with advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) often have a poor prognosis. Recent advancements in targeted molecular therapy and immunotherapy have been made. Herein, we report a case of advanced iCCA treated with a combination of pemigatinib (a selective FGFR inhibitor), chemotherapy, and an immune checkpoint inhibitor. A 34-year-old female was diagnosed with advanced iCCA with multiple liver masses and metastases in the peritoneum and lymph nodes. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) identified the genetic mutations. An FGFR2-BICC1 gene fusion was found in this patient. The patient was treated with pemigatinib in combination with pembrolizumab plus systemic gemcitabine and oxaliplatin. After 9 cycles of the combination therapy, the patient achieved a partial response, complete metabolic response, and normalization of tumor markers. Sequentially, the patient received pemigatinib and pembrolizumab for 3 months. Due to the elevated tumor biomarker, she is currently receiving chemotherapy, pemigatinib, and pembrolizumab treatment again. She regained an excellent physical status after 16 months of treatment. To the best of our knowledge, this was the first reported case of advanced iCCA successfully treated with a combination of pemigatinib, chemotherapy, and ICIs as a first-line regimen. This treatment combination may be effective and safe in the advanced iCCA.

Ocean wave parameters (OWPs), including wave propagation direction (WPD), significant wave height (SWH), and main wave wavelength (MWW) can be typically retrieved using an interferometric imaging radar altimeter (InIRA). However, the inversion accuracy of ocean waves in Ku (15.8 GHz) and Ka (35.8 GHz) bands has not yet been evaluated due to the lack of field observation data. In this paper, to assess the inversion accuracy of OWPs in Ku and Ka bands, an airborne observation experiment using simultaneous Ku and Ka bands was carried out for the first time in Rizhao, Shandong Province, China. A dual-band InIRA (DInIRA) was configured with small incidence angles (4°–18°) and a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) buoy; a mobile weather station was placed at the intersection of the plane routes for validation. Afterward, the WPD, SWH, and MWW were retrieved based on the imaging of sea surface height. As compared with the field in situ data, the WPD inversion results of main wind wave were found to be consistent with the measurement environmental wind direction. The SWH inversion biases, retrieved by the Ku and Ka bands, were 0.38 m and 0.27 m; the MWW inversion biases for the swells were equal to 16.75 m and 3.67 m; and the MWW inversion biases about the wind waves were 2.32 m and 0.57 m. Ultimately, it was established that the OWPs could be effectively retrieved by the DInIRA, and the inversion accuracy of the SWH and the MWW in the Ka band outperformed that in the Ku band.