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18. Cysteine-induced growth of jagged gold bipyramids from penta-twinned nanorod seeds.

Author

Hu, Jianwei, Li, Lingzhi, Zou, Yu, Fan, Zhaochuan, and Jiang, Jiang

Subjects
*NANORODS, *MOLECULAR dynamics, *GOLD, *GOLD compounds, *SEEDS
Abstract

The understanding on the growth mechanism of complex gold nanostructures both experimentally and theoretically can guide their design and fabrication toward various applications. In this work, we report a cysteine-directed overgrowth of penta-twinned nanorod seeds into jagged gold bipyramids with discontinuous stepped {hhk} facets. By monitoring the growth process, we find that {hhk} facets with large k/h values (∼7) are formed first at two ends of the nanorods, followed by the protrusion of the middle section exposing {hhk} facets with smaller indices (k/h ∼ 2–3). Molecular dynamics simulations indicate that the strong adsorption of cysteine molecules on {110} facets is likely responsible for the formation of stepped {hhk} facets, and the stronger adsorption of cysteine molecules on {hhk} facets with smaller k/h compared to that on {hhk} facets with larger k/h is a possible cause of the discontinuity of {hhk} facets at the middle of gold bipyramids. The obtained jagged gold bipyramids display large field enhancement under illumination due to their sharp nanostructures, demonstrating their application potentials in surface-enhanced spectroscopy and catalysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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25. ACSS2 gene variants determine kidney disease risk by controlling de novo lipogenesis in kidney tubules

Author

Mukhi, Dhanunjay, Li, Lingzhi, Liu, Hongbo, Doke, Tomohito, Kolligundla, Lakshmi P., Ha, Eunji, Kloetzer, Konstantin, Abedini, Amin, Mukherjee, Sarmistha, Wu, Junnan, Dhillon, Poonam, Hu, Hailong, Guan, Dongyin, Funai, Katsuhiko, Uehara, Kahealani, Titchenell, Paul M., Baur, Joseph A., Wellen, Kathryn E., and Susztak, Katalin

Subjects
Infection control, Medical research, Medicine, Experimental, Chromatin -- Genetic aspects, Gene expression -- Genetic aspects, Genetic research -- Genetic aspects, Genes -- Genetic aspects, Fatty acids -- Synthesis -- Genetic aspects, Kidney diseases -- Genetic aspects -- Risk factors -- Prevention, Health care industry
Abstract

Worldwide, over 800 million people are affected by kidney disease, yet its pathogenesis remains elusive, hindering the development of novel therapeutics. In this study, we used kidney-specific expression of quantitative traits and single-nucleus open chromatin analysis to show that genetic variants linked to kidney dysfunction on chromosome 20 target the acyl-CoA synthetase short-chain family 2 (ACSS2). By generating ACSS2-KO mice, we demonstrated their protection from kidney fibrosis in multiple disease models. Our analysis of primary tubular cells revealed that ACSS2 regulated de novo lipogenesis (DNL), causing NADPH depletion and increasing ROS levels, ultimately leading to NLRP3-dependent pyroptosis. Additionally, we discovered that pharmacological inhibition or genetic ablation of fatty acid synthase safeguarded kidney cells against profibrotic gene expression and prevented kidney disease in mice. Lipid accumulation and the expression of genes related to DNL were elevated in the kidneys of patients with fibrosis. Our findings pinpoint ACSS2 as a critical kidney disease gene and reveal the role of DNL in kidney disease., Introduction Over 800 million people in the world have chronic kidney disease (CKD) (1). CKD is a major cause of cardiovascular death and if left untreated leads to end-stage kidney [...]

Published
2024
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