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For the Temperley–Lieb algebras of type F n with n ≥ 4 , we construct their Gröbner–Shirshov bases. Explicitly, the corresponding finite sets consisting of the standard monomials of type F n , which are exactly the fully commutative elements of F n , are enumerated when n = 4, 5, and 6. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the group algebra of each primitive non-Coxeter Shephard group of rank three, we construct a monomial basis and its explicit multiplication table. First, we find a Gröbner–Shirshov basis for the Shephard group of type L2. Then, since each of the groups of types L3 and M3 has a parabolic subgroup isomorphic to the group of type L2, by using the sets of minimal right coset representatives of L2 in L3 and M3, respectively, we apply the Gröbner–Shirshov basis technique to find the monomial bases for the Shephard groups of rank three L3 and M3. From this, we obtain the operation tables between the elements in each of the groups. Also we explicitly show that the group of type M3 has a subgroup of index 2 isomorphic to the group of type L3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Primitive substitution tilings on whose expansion maps are unimodular are considered. It is assumed that all the eigenvalues of the expansion maps are algebraic conjugates with the same multiplicity. In this case, a cut‐and‐project scheme can be constructed with a Euclidean internal space. Under some additional condition, it is shown that if the substitution tiling has pure discrete spectrum, then the corresponding representative point sets are regular model sets in that cut‐and‐project scheme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Byline: Dong-Il Lee, Changsoo Sohn As the expectations from e-business have changed to disappointment, many e-business companies are trying to survive in internet markets. As a way to survive in the market, they try to build customers' loyalty by emphasising trust. On the other hand, they set high switching costs in order to lock-in customers. Few studies have empirically conducted the test to verify that trust and switching costs are the most critical components for building customer loyalty. This study, based on survey analysis and structural equation modelling, revealed that trust is the main factor for building customers loyalty, rather than switching costs.

For Temperley–Lieb algebras of types B and D , we construct their Gröbner-Shirshov bases and the corresponding standard monomials [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the group algebra of the finite non‐crystallographic Coxeter group of type H4, its Gröbner–Shirshov basis is constructed as well as the corresponding standard monomials, which describe explicitly all symmetries acting on the 120‐cell and produce a natural operation table between the 14400 elements for the group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed to assess the skin hydrating effect of hydrogels containing serine‐loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) prepared with lipids having high affinity to the stratum corneum (SC) and polysaccharide‐rich reed (Phragmites communis) root extract (RRE). To select a lipid with high affinity to the SC, the interaction between the SC obtained by a tape stripping technique and three different lipids such as glycerol mono‐oleate (GMO), lauric acid (LA), and capric acid (CA) was examined by ATR‐FTIR. After choosing GMO as the lipid with the highest affinity to the SC, hydrogel formulations containing serine‐loaded GMO SLN and/or RRE were prepared, and their skin hydrating effect was evaluated after applying the hydrogels to the surface of human skin. The hydrogel containing serine‐loaded GMO SLN and RRE exhibited the greatest skin moisturizing effect, followed by the hydrogels with serine‐loaded GMO SLN, RRE, and blank hydrogel. The results implied that SLN prepared with GMO having high affinity to the SC could be used as an efficacious carrier of serine for the purpose of skin hydration, and synergistic skin hydrating effect could be achieved by different skin moisturizing mechanisms of the serine‐loaded SLN and RRE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the exceptional Weyl group of type , its Gröbner-Shirshov basis and the corresponding standard monomials are constructed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this research was to increase the generating efficiency of concentrated photovoltaic (CPV) technology within a restricted area using solar tracking and heat pipes. We propose a system with the ability to extract thermal energy from CPV devices using a thermal absorber containing heat pipes and cooling water. This energy can then be used for a heating system or hot-water supply. We performed a parametric analysis of the velocity and entrance location of the cooling water in the thermal absorber with respect to the operating temperature of the CPV devices and the outlet temperature of the cooling water in the thermal absorber. We also examined the effect of the lens concentration ratio. Simulated and experimental results for the thermal absorber containing heat pipes were in good agreement. Given that the results of an economic feasibility study were positive in terms of payback time, the proposed system is practical and realistic. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 34: 1197-1207, 2015 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For exceptional Lie superalgebras D(2,1;α), G(3) and F(4), Gröbner-Shirshov bases and the corresponding super-Lyndon-Shirshov monomial bases are constructed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study proposes an effective method in the arrangement of layers of high permeability materials for shielding power frequency magnetic field. The side of a neutral ground reactor was blocked with one or two layers of grain-oriented electrical steel (GO), nonoriented electrical steel (NGO), and permalloy (PC). In a weak magnetic field, PC showed the highest shielding performance, whereas GO was the best in a strong magnetic field. NGO had a lower shielding performance than GO, but was better than PC in a very strong magnetic field. When shielding with two layers directly adjacent to each other, the performance level of GO/PC combination (GO is closer to the field source) was between that of GO/GO and PC/PC combinations. When the two layers were slightly separated, on the other hand, GO/PC was most effective in a wide range of magnetic fields. These results are due to the shunt effect of high permeability materials and change of rank of permeability with magnetic field strength between different magnetic materials. Closely adjacent layers act as one body under the regime of shunt mechanism of magnetic shielding. Once the layers are separated, the GO sheet effectively reduces the strong magnetic field first, and then the PC sheet effectively shields the weakened field. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

In this note, we find a monomial basis of the cyclotomic Hecke algebra ${\mathcal{H}_{r,p,n}}$ of G( r, p, n) and show that the Ariki-Koike algebra ${\mathcal{H}_{r,n}}$ is a free module over ${\mathcal{H}_{r,p,n}}$, using the Gröbner-Shirshov basis theory. For each irreducible representation of ${\mathcal{H}_{r,p,n}}$, we give a polynomial basis consisting of linear combinations of the monomials corresponding to cozy tableaux of a given shape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We generalize the semisimplicity for some representations of quantum Borcherds algebras to the case of superalgebras. We define a category of certain integrable modules over quantum deformations of Borcherds superalgebras, and prove that any representation in the category is completely reducible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Asymmetric source and drain (S/D) series resistances ( RS and RD ) are unavoidable in exfoliated MoS2 field-effect transistors (EM-FETs). Through combining the capacitance–voltage ( C – V ) and current–voltage characteristics, the asymmetric C – V and R_{D,int}) are characterized through deembedding the parasitic pad capacitances ( C_{Pad} = C_{S,Pad}+C_{D,Pad}) between the S/D metal and the bottom gate (G) in an overlapped region with the consideration of the structure-dependent parameters in the EM-FET. The proposed methodology is verified through comparison with the well-known channel resistance method, which is based on only the ID – VD characteristics in the linear region. Finally, RS,int and RD,int at various parasitic overlap areas are extracted separately with improved accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Studies the use of audible noise performance of 6-rail conductors on a 765-kV double circuit test line by Korea Electric Power Corporation. Objective of the study; Results of study; Indications of analysis of study; History to be created with line; What was built in relation to history to be created; Detailed information of study.

We construct a Gröbner-Shirshov basis of the Temperley-Lieb algebra T (d , n) of the complex reflection group G (d , 1 , n) , inducing the standard monomials expressed by the generators { E i } of T (d , n) . This result generalizes the one for the Coxeter group of type B n in the paper by Kim and Lee We also give a combinatorial interpretation of the standard monomials of T (d , n) , relating to the fully commutative elements of the complex reflection group G (d , 1 , n) . More generally, the Temperley-Lieb algebra T (d , r , n) of the complex reflection group G (d , r , n) is defined and its dimension is computed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Foldable organic memory on cellulose nanofibril paper with bendable and rollable characteristics is demonstrated by employing initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD) for polymerization of the resistive switching layer and inkjet printing of the electrode, where iCVD based on all-dry and room temperature process is very suitable for paper electronics. This memory exhibits a low operation voltage of 1.5 V enabling battery operation compared to previous reports and wide memory window. The memory performance is maintained after folding tests, showing high endurance. Furthermore, the quick and complete disposable nature demonstrated here is attractive for security applications. This work provides an effective platform for green, foldable and disposable electronics based on low cost and versatile materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A single walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) based γ ray detector is demonstrated without a conventional scintillation mechanism. The change in the conductance of a two terminal SWCNT resistor in response to γ ray exposure is exploited as a sensing mechanism. Radiation-induced ambient oxygen dissociation and subsequent adsorption of oxygen species on the SWCNT surface alter its electrical properties. The responses to the total dose and dose rate are investigated along with the sensing mechanism. The detector showed good sensitivity to γ ray and a capability to distinguish radiation dose rates ranging from 2.4 to 16.4 R/min.

The memory for the Internet of Things (IoT) requires versatile characteristics such as flexibility, wearability, and stability in outdoor environments. Resistive random access memory (RRAM) to harness a simple structure and organic material with good flexibility can be an attractive candidate for IoT memory. However, its solution-oriented process and unclear switching mechanism are critical problems. Here we demonstrate iCVD polymer-intercalated RRAM (i-RRAM). i-RRAM exhibits robust flexibility and versatile wearability on any substrate. Stable operation of i-RRAM, even in water, is demonstrated, which is the first experimental presentation of water-resistant organic memory without any waterproof protection package. Moreover, the direct observation of a carbon filament is also reported for the first time using transmission electron microscopy, which puts an end to the controversy surrounding the switching mechanism. Therefore, reproducibility is feasible through comprehensive modeling. Furthermore, a carbon filament is superior to a metal filament in terms of the design window and selection of the electrode material. These results suggest an alternative to solve the critical issues of organic RRAM and an optimized memory type suitable for the IoT era.