14 results on '"Le Doze F"'
Search Results
2. Fourth meeting of the European Neurological Society 25–29 June 1994 Barcelona, Spain: Abstracts of Symposia and free communications
- Author
-
Harms, L., Bock, A., JÄnisch, W., Valdueza, J., Weber, J., Link, I., De Keyser, J., Goossens, A., Wilczak, N., Vedeler, C., Bjorge, L., Uvestad, E., Conti, G., Williams, K., Ginsberg, L., Rafique, S., Rapoport, S. I., Gershfeld, N. L., De La Meilleure, G., Crevits, L., Faiss, J. H., Heye, N., Blanke, J., Sackmann, A., Kastrup, O., Doornbos, R., van der Worp, H. B., Kappelle, L. J., Bar, P. R., Davie, C. A., Barker, G. J., Brenton, D., Miller, D. H., Thompson, A. J., Block, F., Schwarz, M., Delodovici, L., Baruzzi, F., Bonaldi, G., Dario, A., Marra, A., Mercuri, A., Dworzak, F., Cavallari, P., Confalonieri, P., Zuffi, M., Antozzi, C., Cornelio, F., Baldissera, F., Chassande, B., Ameri, A., Eymard, B., Poisson, M., Vérier, A., Brunet, P., Congia, S., Murgia, P. L., Cannas, A., Borghero, G., Uselli, S., Mellino, G., Ferrai, R., Lampis, R., Massa, R., Muzzetto, B., Giannini, F., Rossi, S., Cioni, R., d'Aniello, C., Guarneri, A., Battistini, N., Ceriani, F., Del Santo, A., Poloni, M., Campo, J. F., Iglesias, F., Guitera, M. V., Farinas, C., Pascual, J., Leno, C., Berciano, J., Thorpe, I. W., Kendall, B. E., McDonald, W. I., Moulignier, A., Dromer, F., Baudrimont, M., Dupont, B., Gozlan, J., El Amrani, M., Petit, J. C., Roullet, E., Sterzi, R., Causaran, R., Protti, A., Riva, M., Erminio, F., Arena, O., Villa, F., Maccagnano, E., Miletta, M., Spinelli, F., Ben-Hur, T., Weidenfeldl, J., Rao, N. S., Chari, C. C., Laforet, P., Matheron, S., Adams, D., Chemouilli, Ph., Desi, M., Said, G., Davous, P., Lionnet, F., Pulik, M., Genet, P., Rozenberg, F., Cartier, L. M., Castillo, J. L., Cea, J. G., Villagra, R., de Saint Martin, L., Mahieux, F., Manifacier, M. J., Mattos, K., Queiros, C., Publio, L., Vinhas, V., PeÇanha-Martins, A. C., Melo, A., Liska, U., Zifko, U., Budka, H., Drlicek, M., Grisold, W., Kaufmann, R., Kaiser, R., Czygan, M., Gomes, I., Jones, N., Cunha, S., EmbiruÇu, E. Katiane, Vieira, V., Araujo, I., Alexandra, M., Ferreira, A., Goes, J., Chemouilli, P., Israel-Biet, Masson, H., Lacroix, C., Gasnault, J., Hildebrandt-Müller, B., Oschmann, P., Krack, P., Willems, W. R., Dorndorf, W., Freitas, V., Bittencourt, A., Fernandes, D., Nascimento, M. H., Severo, M., Moraes, D., Muller, M., Hasert, K., Merkelbach, S., Schimrigk, K., van Oosten, B. W., Lai, M., Polman, C. H., Bertelsmann, F. W., Hodgkinson, S., Cabre, P. H., Volpe, L., Smadja, D., Vernant, J. P., Villaroya, H., Violleau, K., Younes-Chennoufi, A. Ben, Baumann, N., Villanueva-Hemandez, P., Ballabriga, J., Basart, E., Arbizu, T. X., Perez-Serra, J., Vinuels, F., Giron, J. M., Castilla, J. M., Redondo, L., Izquierdo, G., Lauer, K., Henneberg, A., Bittmann, N., Link, D., Wollinsky, K. H., Mobner, R., Fassbender, K., Kuhnen, J., Schwartz, A., Hennerici, M., Miller, A., Lider, O., Abramsky, O., Weiner, H. L., Offner, H., Vanderbark, A. A., Paoino, E., Fainardi, E., Addonizio, M. C., Ruppi, P., Tola, M. R., Granieri, E., Carreras, M., Sazdovitch, V., Joutel, A., Verdier-taillefer, M. H., Heinzlef, O., Radder, C., Tournier-Lasserve, E., Brenner, R. E., Munro, P. M. G., Williams, S. C. R., Bell, J. D., Hawkins, C. P., Filippi, M., Campi, A., Dousset, V., Canal, N., Comi, G., Zhu, J., Weber, F., Retska, R., List, J., Zhang, L., Brock, M., Taphoorn, M. J. B., Heimans, J. J., van der Veen, E. A., Karim, A. B. M. F., Sarazin, M., Argentino, N., Delattre, J. Y., Derkinderen, P., Buchwald, B., Schroter, G., Serve, G., Franke, C. H., Conrad, B., Kitchen, N. D., Thomas, D. G. T., Forman, A. D., Ang, Kie- Kian, Price, R., Stephens, C., Salmaggi, A., Nermni, R., Silvani, A., Forno, M. G., Luksch, R., Boiardi, A., Grzelec, H., Fryze, C., Nowacki, P., Zdziarska, B., Sanson, M., Merel, P., Richard, S., Rouleau, G., Thomas, G., Olsen, N. K., Pfeiffer, P., Egund, N., Bentzen, S. M., Johannesen, L., Mondrup, K., Rose, C., Zyluk, B., Wondrusch, E., Berger, O., Fast, N., Jellinger, K., Lindner, K., Urman, A., Thibault, J. L., Duyckaerts, Ch., Strik, H., Muller, B., Richter, E., Krauseneck, P., Steinbrecher, A., Schabet, M., Hess, C., Bamberg, M., Dichgans, J., Counsell, C. E., McLeod, M., Grant, R., Creel, G. B., Claus, D., Sieber, E., Engelhardt, A., Rechlin, T., Thierauf, P., Neubauer, U., Peresson, M., Di Giovacchino, G., Romani, G. L., Di Silverio, F., Danek, A., Kuffner, M., Hoermann, R., Schopohl, J., Laska, M., Heye, B., Zangaladze, A. T., Valls-SoIè, J., Cammarota, A., Alvarez, R., Tolosa, E., Hallett, M., Ulbricht, D., Ganslandt, O., Kober, H., Vieth, J., Grummich, P., Pongratz, H., Brigel, C., Fahlbusch, R., Serra, F. P., Palma, V., Nolfe, G., Buscaino, G. A., Rothstein, T. L., Gibson J. M., Morrison P. M., Collins A. D., Eiselt, M., Wagnur, H., Zwiener, U., Schindler, T., Efendi, H., Ertekin, C., Erfas, M., Larsson, L. E., Sirin, H., AraÇ, N., Toygar, A., Demir, Y., Seddigh, S., Vogt, T. H., Hundemer, H., Visbeck, A., Pastena, L., Faralli, F., Mainardi, G., Gagliardi, R., Linden, D., Berlit, P., Lopez, O. L., Becker, J. T., Jungreis, C., Brenner, R., Rezek, D., Dekesky, S. T., Estol, C., Boller, F., Fernandez, J. M., Mederer, S., Batlle, J., Turon, A., Codina, A., Hitzenberger, P., Vila, N., Valls-SolÇ, J., Chamorro, A., Pouget, J., Schmied, A., Morin, D., Azulay, J. Ph., Vedel, J. P., Montalt, J., Escudero, J., Barona, R., Campos, A., Varli, K., Ertem, E., Uludag, B., Yagiz, A., Privorkin, Z., Steinvil, Y., Kott, E., Combarros, O., Sanchez-Pernaute, R., Orizaola, P., Mokrusch, Th., Kutluaye, E., Selcuki, D., Ertikin, C., Zettl, U., Gold, R., Harvey, G. K., Hartung, H. P., Toyka, K. V., Wokke, J. H. J., Oey, P. L., Ippel, P. F., Jansen, G. H., Franssen, H., Toyooka, K., Fujimura, H., Ueno, S., Yoshikawa, H., Yorifuji, S., Yanagihara, T., Talamon, C., Tzourio, C., Kiefer, R., Jung, S., Toyka, K., Ruolt, I., Tranchant, C., Mohr, M., Warter, J. M., Younger, D. S., Rosoklija, G., Hays, A. P., Kurita, R., Hasegawa, O., Matsumto, M., Komiyama, A., Nara, Y., Oueslati, S., Belal, S., Turki, I., Ben Hamida, C., Hentati, F., Ben Hamida, M., Kwiecinski, H., Krolicki, L., Domzal-Stryga, A., Dellemijn, P. L. I., van Deventer, P., van Moll, B., Drogendijk, T., Vecht, Ch. J., Nemni S., Amadio, Fazio, R., Galardin, G., Delodovici, M. L., Peghi, E., Monticelli, M. L., Sessa, A., Viguera, M. L., Palomar, M., Gamez, J., Cervera, C., Navarro, C., Serena, J., Duran, I., Fernandez, A. L., Comabella, M., Nos, C., Rio, J., Montalban, J., Navarro, X., Verdu, E., Darbra, S., Buti, M., Mrabet, A., Fredj, M., Gouider, R., Tounsi, H., Khalfallah, N., Haddad, A., Dbaiss, T., Ghnassia, R., Rouillet, E., Chedru, F., Porsche, H., Strenge, H., Li, S. W., Young, Y. P., Garcia, A. A., Baron, P., Scarpini, E., Bianchi, R., Conti, A., Livraghi, S., Rees, J. H., Gregson, N. A., Hughes, R. A. C., Sedano, M. J., Calleja, J., Canga, E., Bahou, Y., Biary, N., Al Deeb, S. M., Guern, E. L. E., Gugenheim, M., Tardieu, S., Aisonobe, T. M., Agid, Y., Bouche, P., Brice, A., Rautenstrauss, B., Nelis, E., Grehl, H., Van Broeckhoven, C., Pfeiffer, R. A., Liehr, T., Ganzmann, E., Gehring, C., Neundörfer, B., Geremia, L., Doronzo, R., Sacilotto, G., Sergi, P., Pastorino, G. C., Scarlato, G., Planté-Bordeneuve, V., Mantel, A., Baas, F., Moser, H., Antonini, A., Psylla, M., Günther, I., Vontobell, P., Beer, H. F., Leenders, K. L., Chaudhuri, K. Ray, Parker, J., Pye, I. F., Millac, P. A. H., Abbott, R. J., Sutter, M., Albani, C., de Rijk, M. C., Breteler, M. M. B., Graveland, G. A., van der Mechè, F. G. A., Hofman, A., Keipes, M., Hilger, Ch., Diederich, N., Metz, H., Hentges, F., Pollak, P., Benabid, A. L., Limousin, P., Hoffmann, D., Benazzouz, A., Perret, J., Laihinen, A., Rinne, J. O., Ruottinen, H., Nagren, K., Lehikoinen, P., Oikonen, V., Ruotsalainen, U., Rinne, U. K., Cocozza, S., Pizzuti, A., Cavalcanti, F., Monticelli, A., Pianese, L., Redolfi, E., Paiau, F., Di Donato, S., Pandolfo, M., Palau, F., Monros, E., De Michele, G., Smeyers, P., Lopez-ArLandis, J., Uilchez, J., Filla, A., Genis, D., Matilla, T., Volpini, V., Blanchs, M. I., Davalos, A., Molins, A., Rosell, J., Estivill, X., De Jonghe, P., Smeyers, G., Krols, L., Mercelis, R., Hazan, J., Weissenbach, J., Martin, J. J., Warner, T. A. T., Williams, L., Orb, A. S., Harding, A. E., Giunti, P., Sweeney, M. G., Spadaro, M., Jodice, C., Novelletto, A., Malaspina, P., Frontali, M., Salmon, E., Gregoire, Del Fiore, Comar, Franck, G., Scheltens, P. H., Siegfried, K., Dartigues, E., De Deyn, P., Horn, R., Nelson, I., Hanna, M. G., Morgan-Hughes, J. A., Collinge, J., Palmer, M. S., Campbell, T., Mahal, S., Sidle, K., Humphreys, C., Tavitian, B., Pappata, S., Jobert, A., Crouzel, A. M., DiGiamberardino, L., Steimetz, G., Barbanti, P., Fabbrini, G., Salvatore, M., Buzzi, M. G., Di Piero, V., Petraroli, R., Sbriccoli, A., Pocchiari, M., Macchi, G., Lenzi, G. L., Spiegel, R., Maguire, P., Schmid, W., Ott, A., Bots, M. L., Grobbe, D. E., Hofman, A., Howard, R. S., Russell, S., Losseff, N., Hirsch, N. P., Couderc, R., Bailleul, S., Nargeot, M. C., Touchon, J., Picot, M. C., Rizzo, M., Watson, G., McGehee, D., Dingus, T., Kappos, L., Radü, E. W., Haas, J., Hartard, C. H., Spuler, S., Yousry, T., Voltz, R., Scheller, A., Holler, E., Hohlfeld, R., Scolding, N. J., Sussman, J., Kolar, O. J., Farlow, M. R., Rice, P. H., Zipp, F., Sotgiu, S., Weiss, E. H., Wekerle, H., Chalmers, R., Robertson, N., Compston, D. A. S., Martino, G., Clementi, E., Brambilla, E., Moiola, L., Martinelli, V., Colombo, B., Poggi, A., Rovaris, M., Grimaldi, L. M. E., Roth, M. P., Descoins, P., Ballivet, S., Ruidavets, J. B., Waubant, E., Nogueira, L., Cambon-Thomsen, A., Clanet, M., Leppert, D., Hauser, S., Lugaresi, A., Tartaro, A., D'aurelio, P., Befalo, L. L. O., Thomas, A., Malatesta, G., Gambi, D., Benedikz, J. E. G., Magnusson, H., Poser, C. M., Guomundsson, G., Bates, T. E., Davies, S. E. C., Clark, J. B., Landon, D. N., ùther, J. R., Rautenberg, W., Overgaard, K., Sereghy, T., Pedersen, H., Boysen, G., Diez-Tejedor, E., Carceller, F., Gutierrez, M., Lopez-Pajares, R., Roda, J. M., Chandra, B., Ricart, W., Gonzalez-Huix, F., Molina, A., Rundek, T., Demarin, V., De Reuck, J., Boon, P., Decoq, D., Strijckmans, K., Goethals, P., Lemahieu, I., Nibbio, A., Chabriat, H., Vahedi, K., Nagy, T., Verin, M., Mas, J. L., Julien, J., Ducrocq, X., Iba-Zizen, M. T., Cabanis, E. A., Bousser, M. G., Rolland, Y., Landgraf, F., Bompais, B., Lemaitre, M. H., Edan, G., Vorstrup, S., Knudsen, L., Olsen, K. Skovgaard, Videbaek, C., Schroeder, T., van Gijn, J., Jansen, H. M. L., Pruim, J., Paans, A. M. J., Willemsen, A. T. M., Hew, J. M., vd Vliet, A. M., Haaxma, R., Vaalburg, W., Minderhoud, J. M., Korf, J., Soudain, S. E., Ho, T. W., Mishu, B., Li, C. Y., Nachainkin, I., Gao, C. Y., Cornblath, D. R., Griffin, J. W., Asbury, A. K., Blaser, M. J., McKhann, G. M., Ho, T., Macko, C., Xue, P., Stadlan, E. M., Ramos-Alvarez, M., Valenciano, L., Visser, L. H., van der Meché, F. G. A., van Darn, P. A., Meulstee, J., Schmitz, P. I. M., Jacobs, B., Oomes, P. G., Kleyweg, R. P., Jacobs, B. C., Endtz, H. P., van Doorn, P. A., van der Mech, F. G. A., Van den Berg, L. H., Mollee, I., Logtenberg, T., Thomas, P. K., Plant, G., Baxter, P. J., Luis, R. Santiago, Matsumoto, M., Notermans, N. C., Wokke, J. H. J., Lokhorst, H. M., van der Graaf, Y., Jennekens, F. G. I., Azulay, J. P., Bille-Turg, F., Valentin, P., Farnarier, G. G., Pellissier, J. F., Serratrice, G., Quasthoff, S., Schneider, U., Grafe, P., Hilkens, P. H. E., Moll, J. W. B., van der Burg, M. E. L., Planting, A. S. T., van Putten, W. L. J., van den Bent, M. J., Birklein, F., Spitzer, A., Lang, E., Neundorfer, B., Diehl, R. R., Lücke, D., Smith, G. D. P., Mathias, C. J., Serra, J., Campera, M., Ochoa, J. L., Ray Chaudhuri, K., Pavitt, D., Alam, M., Handwerker, H. O., Bleasdale-Barr, K., Smith, G., Murray, N. M. F., Hawkins, P., Pepys, M., Gellera, C., DiDonato, S., Taroni, F., Uncini, A., Di Muzio, A., Servidei, S., Silvestri, G., Lodi, R., Iotti, S., Barbiroli, B., Morrissey, S. P., Borruat, F. X., Francis, D., Mosely, I., Hansen, H. C., Helmke, K., Kunze, K., Sadzot, B., Maquet, P., Lemaire, Plenevaux, Damhaut, Sommer, C., Myers, R. R., Berta, E., Mantegazza, R., Argov, Z., Shapira, Y., Wirguin, I., Beuuer, J., Franke, C., Roberts, M., Willison, H., Vincent, A., Newsom-Davis, J., Morrison, K. E., Damels, R., Francis, M., Campbell, L., Davies, K. E., Kohler, W., Bucka, C., Hertel, G., Kanovsky, P., Auer, D., Ackermann, H., Klose, U., Naegele, Th., Bien, S., Voigt, K., Fink, G. R., Stephan, K. M., Wise, R. J. S., Mullatti, N., Hewer, L., Frackowiak, R. S. J., Weiller, C. S., Rijnites, M., Jueptner, M., Bauermann, T., Krams, M., Diener, H. C., van Walderveen, M. A. A., Barkhof, F., Hommes, O. R., Valk, J., Willmer, J. P., Guzman, D. A., Passingham, R. E., Silbersweig, D., Ceballos-Baumann, A., Frith, C. D., Frackowiak, R., Lucas, C. H., Goullard, L., Marchau, M. J., Godefroy, O., Rondepierre, P. H., Chamas, E., Mounier-Vehier, F., Leys, D., Renato, J., Verdugo, M. S. C., Campero, M., Jose, L., Ochoa, D. S. C., Vivancos, F., Tejedor, E. Diez, Martinez, N., Roda, J., Frank, A., Barreiro, P., Satoh, Y., Nagata, K., Maeda, T., Hirata, Y., YalÇinerner, B., Ozkara, C., Ozer, F., Ozer, S., Hanoglu, L., Zunker, P., Pozo, J. L., Oberwittler, C., Schick, A., Buschmann, H. -Ch., Ringelstein, E. Bernd, Lara, M., Anzola, G. P., Magoni, M., Volta, G. Dalla, Tarasov, A., Feigin, V., Beaudry, M. G., Carrier, S., Chicoutimi, Henriques, I. L., Bogoussslavsky, J., van Melle, G., Mathieu, J., Perusse, L., Allard, P., Prevost, C., Cantin, L., Bouchard, J. M., De Braekeleer, M., Agbo, C., Neau, J. P., Tantot, A. M., Dary-Auriol, M., Ingrand, P., Gil, R., Baltadjiev, D., Zekin, D., Sabey, K., Gennaula, C. P., Pope, B. A., Caparros-Lefebvre, D., Girard-Buttaz, I., Pruvo, J. P., Petit, H., Hipola, D., Martin, M., Giménez-Roldan, S., Ivanez, V., Japaridze, G., Carrasco, J. L., Picomell, I., Herranz, J. L., Macias, J. A., Nieto, M., Noya, M., Oller, L., Kiteva-Trencevska, G., Delgado, M. R., Liu, H., Luengo, A., Parra, J., Colas, J., Fernandez, M. J., Manzanares, R., Kornhuber, M. E., Malashkhia, V., Orkodashili, G., Martinez, M., Bonaventura, I., Porta, G., Martinez, I., Fernandez, A., Aguilar, M., Masnou, P., Drouet, A., Dreyfus, M., Cartron, J., Morel-Kopp, M. C., Tchernia, G., Kaplan, C., Lammers, M. W., Hekster, Y. A., Keyser, A., Meinardi, H., Renier, W. O., Boon, P. A. J. M., Have, M. D., Kint, B., Cruz, P., Cadilha, A., Almeida, R., Goncalves, M., Pimenta, M., Ramos, L. M. P., Polder, T. W., Broere, C. A., Polman, L., Rother, I., Rother, M., Schlaug, G., Arnold, S., Holthausen, H., Wunderlich, G., Ebner, A., Luders, H., Witte, O. W., Seitz, R. J., Serra, L. L., Gallicchio, B., Rotondi, F., Wieshmann, U., Meierkord, H., Sabev, K., Di Carlo, V., Gueguen, B., Derouesné, Ch., Ancri, D., Bourdel, M. C., Guillou, S., Aliaga, R., Chornet, M. A., Rodrigo, A., Pascual, A. Pascual -Leone, Catala, M. D., Pascual-Leone, A., Benbadis, S. R., Dinner, D. S., Chelune, G. J., Lüders, H. O., Piedmonte, M. R., Blanco, T., Lopez, M. P., Romero, B., Deltoro, A., Pascual, A., Pascual, Leone, Bolgert, F., Josse, M. O., Tassan, P., Touze, E., Laplane, D., Godenberg, F., Brizioli, E., Del Gobbo, M., Pelliccioni, G., Scarpino, O., Durak, H., Damlacik, G., Tunca, Z., Fidaner, H., Yurekli, Y., Yemez, B., Kaygisiz, A., Anllo, E. A., Esperet, E., Giovagnoli, A. R., Casazza, M., Spreafico, R., Avanzini, G., Mascheroni, S., Vecchio, I., Tornali, C., Antonuzzo, A., Grasso, A. A., Bella, R., Pennisi, G., Raffaele, R., Broeckx, J., Schildermans, F., Hospers, W., Deberdt, W., Carney, J. M., Aksenova, M., Chen, M. S., Juncadella, M., Busquets, N., De la Fuente, I., Rodriguez, A., Rubio, F., Soler, R., Khati, C., Pillon, B., Deweer, B., Malapani, C., Malichard, N., Dubois, B., Rancurel, G., Lopez, D. L., Jungreia, G., DeKosky, S. T., Boiler, F., Weiller, C., Rijntjes, M., Mueller, S. P., Maguire, E. A., Burke, E. T., Staunton, H., Phillips, J., Rousseaux, M., Pena, J., Bertran, I., Santacruz, P., Lopez, R., Catafau, A., Lomena, F., Blesa, R., Rampello, L., Nicoletti, A., Cabaret, M., Lesoin, F., Steinling, M., Tournev, I., Maier-Hauff, K., Schroeder, M., Wolf, A., Cochin, J. P., Noel, I., Augustin, P., Auzou, P., Hannequin, D., Maria, V., Lopez-Bresnahan, Danielle, D. M., Antin-Ozerkis B. A., Bartels, E., Rodiek, S. O., Flugel, K. A., Campos, D. M., Salas-Puig, J., Del Rio, J. Sanhez, Vidal, J. A., Lahoz, C. H., Eraksoy, M., Barlas, O., Barlas, M., Bayindir, C., Ozcan, H., Birbamer, G., Gerstenbrand, F., Felber, S., Luz, G., Aichner, F., Seidel, G., Kaps, M., Hutzelmann, A., Gerriets, T., Kruggel, F., Martin, P. J., Gaunt, M. E., Abbot, R. J., Naylor, A. R., Meary, E., Dilouya, A., Meder, J. F., De Recondo, J., Lebtahi, R., Neff, K. W., Meairs, S., Viola, S., Matta, E., Aquilone, L., Rise, I. R., Authier, F. J., Kondo, H., Ghnassia, R. T., Degos, J. D., Gherardi, R. K., Bardoni A., Ciafaloni E., Comi G. P., Bresolin N., Robotti M., Moggio M., Rigoletto C., Roses A., Scarlato G., Castelli, E., Turconi, A., Bresolin, N., Perani, D., Felisari, G., Chariot, P., de Pinieux, G., Astier, A., Jacotot, B., Gherardi, R., Fischer-Gagnepain, V., Louboutin, J. P., Crespo, F., Florea-Strat, A., Fromont, G., Sabourin, J. -C., Gonano, E. -F., Moroni, I., Prelle, A., Iannaccone, S., Quattrini, A., deRino, F., Sessa, M., Golzi, V., Smirne, S., Nemni, R., Turpin, J. C., Lucotte, G., Jacobs, S. C. J. M., Willems, P. W. A., Bootsma, A. L., Lasa, A., Calaf, M., Baiget, M., Gallano, B., Fichter-Gagnepain, V., Mazzucchelli, F., D'Angelo, M. G., Velicogna, M., Bet, L., Comi, G. P., Bordoni, A., Gonano, E. F., Bazzi, P., Rapuzzi, S., Moggio, M., Fagiolari, G., Ciscato, P., Messina, A., Battistel, A., Ryniewicz, B., Sangla, I., Desnuelle, C., Paquis, V., Cozzone, P. J., Bendahan, D., Sturenburg, H. J., Kohncke, G., Castellli, E., Linssen, W., Stegeman, D., Binkhorst, R., Notermans, S., Jaspert, A., Fahsold, R., de Munain, A. Lopez, Cobo, A., Martorell, L., Poza, J. J., Navarrete Palau, D., Emparanza, J. I., Sanchez-Roy, R., Vilchez, J. J., Hernandez, M., Tena, J. Garcia, Perla, C., Koutroumanidis, M., Papathanasopoulos, P., Papadimitriou, A., Papapetropoulos, T. H., Divari, R., Hadjigeorgiou, G. M., Anastasopoulos, I., Sansone, V., Rotondo, G., Meola, G., Rigoletto, C., Messina, S., Szwabowska-Orzeszko, E., Jozwiak, S., Michalowicz, R., Szaplyko, W., Petrella, M. A., Della Marca, G., Masullo, G., Mennuni, G. F., Kompf, D., Wascher, E., Verleger, R., Kaido, M., Soga, F., Toyooka, H., Bayon, C., Rubio, J., Carlomagno, S., Parlato, V., Santoro, A., Lavarone, A., Bonavita, V., Pentore, R., Venneri, A., Pasquier, F., Lebert, F., Grymonprez, L., Lefebvre, C., Van der Linden, M., Derouesné, C., Renault, B., Lacomblez, L., Homeyer, P., Ouss, L., Neuman, E., Malbezin, M., Barrandon, S., Guez, D., Stevens, M., van Swieten, J. C., Franke, C. L., Sanchez, A., Castellvirel, S., Mila, M., Jimenez, D., Pallesta, F., Ruiz, P. J. Garcia, Barrio, A., Barroso, T., Benitez, J., de Yebenes, J. Garcia, Manubens, J. M., Martinez-Lage, J. M., Larumbe, R., Muruzabal, J., Lacruz, F., Quesada, Pedro, Gallego, J., Ferini-Strambi, L., Marcone, A., Garancini, P., Tedesi, B., Jacob, B., Rozewicz, L., Langdon, D., Davie, C., Ron, M., Thompson, A., Koepp, M. J., Hansen, M. L., Guldin, B., Pressler, R. M., Ried, S., Scholz, C., Monaco, F., Gianelli, M., Schiavalla, M. P., Naldi, P., Cantello, R., Torta, R., Verze, L., Mutani, R., Knott, H., Ferbert, A., Schulze-Bonhage, A., Aust, W., Di Mascio, R., Marchioli, R., Vitullo, F., Di Pasquale, A., Sciulli, L., Kramer, V., Tognoni, G., Santacruz, P., Lopez, R., Marti, M. J., Charques, I., Catafau, A., Lomeila, F., Peila, J., Bertran, I., Blesa, R., Krendel, D. A., Costiga, D. A., Koeppen, S., Korn, W. M., Brugge, S., Schmitz, D., Scheulen, M. E., King, R. H. M., Robertson, A. M., Thomas, P. K., Kerkhofs, A., Vermersch, P., Dereeper, O., Daems Monpeun, C., Parent, M., Deplanque, D., Petit, H., Campero, M., Serra, J., Ochoa, J. L., Martinez-Matos, J. A., Montero, J., Olivé, M., Rene, R., Vidaller, A., Gugenheim, M., Gouider, R., Le Guern, E., Brice, A., Agid, Y., Bouche, P., Grisold, W., Ziflo, U., Drlicek, M., Budka, H., Jellinger, K., Zielinski, C. H., Ginsberg, L., King, R. H. M., Workman, J., Platts, A. D., Thomas, P. K., Gherardi, R. K., Florea-Strat, A., Poron, F., Sabourin, J. -C., Fazio, R., Nemni, R., Franceschi, M., Lorenzetti, I., Rinaldi, L., Canal, N., Weilbach, F. X., Sennlaub, A., Jung, S., Gold, R., Toyka, K. V., Hartung, H. P., Giegerich, G., Ellie, E., Vital, A., Steck, A. J., Vital, C., Julien, J., Doneda, P., Pizzul, S., Scarpini, E., Chiodi, P., Ramacci, M. T., Livraghi, S., Maimone, D., Annunziata, P., Salvadori, C., Guazzi, G. C., Arne-Bes, M. C., Delisle, M. B., Fabre, N., Hurtevent, J. F., Bes, A., Baudoin-Martin, D., Laborde, E., Viallet, F., Creisson, C., Crespi, V., Bogliun, G., Marzorati, L., Zincone, A., D'Angelo, L., Liberani, A., Merlini, M., Rivolta, R., Creange, A., Sabourin, J. -C., Theodorou, I., Gherardi, R. K., Conti, A. M., Malosio, M. L., Baron, P. L., Scarlato, G., Chorao, R., Rosas, M. J., Leite, I., Callea, L., Donati, E., Bargnani, C., Bud, M., Verdu, E., Navarro, X., Braun, S., Einius, S., Poindron, P., Warier, J. M., Bradley, J., Bekkelund, S. I., Torbergsen, T., Mellgren, S. I., Carlomagno, S., Parlato, V., Santoro, A., Lavarone, A., Boller, F., Bonavita, V., Engelhardt, A., Lörler, H., Robeck, S., Kluglein, C., Comi, G., Avoledo, V., Locatelli, T., Leocani, L., Galardi, G., Magnani, G., Medaglini, S., Chkhikvishvili, T. S., Zangaladze, A., Bratoeva, M., Kovachev, P., Chavdarov, D., Artemis, N., Karacostas, D., Milonas, I., Arpa, J., Lopez-Pajares, R., Cruz-Matinez, A., Sarria, J., Palomo, F., Alonso, M., Rodriguez-Al-barino, A., Lacasa, T., Nos, J., Barreiro, P., Martinez, A. Cruz, Villoslada, C., Alons, M., Taghavy, A., Hamer, H., Kratzer, A., Dethy, S., Pauwels, T., Monclus, M., Luxen, A., Goldman, S., Ziegler, M., Crambes, O., Ragueneau, I., Arnaud, F., Zappia, M., Montesanti, R., Colao, R., Palmieri, A., Branca, D., Nicoletti, G., Rizzo, M., Parlato, G., Quattrone, A., Vanacore, N., Zuchegna, P., Bonifati, V., Meco, G., Scholz, J., Friedrich, H. -J., Rohl, A., Ulm, G., Vieregge, P., Savettieri, G., Rocca, W. A., Meneghini, F., Grigoletto, F., Morgante, L., Reggio, A., Salemi, G., Di Pierri, R., OzckmekÇi, S., Ertan, S., Yeni, N., Apaydin, H., Erkol, G., Kiziltan, G., Denktas, F., Ranoux, D., de Recondo, J., Ostergaard, L., Werdelin, L., Odin, P., Lindvall, O., Dupont, E., Christensen, P. B., Boisen, E., Jensen, N. B., Schmiegelow, M., Ingwersen, S. H., Matias-Guiu, J., Canet, T., Falip, R., Martin, R., Galiano, L., Voloshin, M. Y., Burchinskaya, L. F., Cabrera-Valdivia, F., Jimenez-Jimenez, F. J., Molina, J. A., Fernandez-Calle, P., Vazquez, A., Canizares-Liebana, F., Larumbe-Lobalde, S., Ayuso-Peralta, L., Rabasa, M., Codoceo, R., Arrieta, F. J., Aguilar, M. V., Jorge-Santamaria, A., Martinez-Para, M. C., Alarcon, J., Mateo, D., Gimenez-Roldan, S., Gencheva, E., Tzonev, T. z., Georgiev, G., Petkova, P., Gasparini, M., Vanacore, N., Meco, N. G., de la Sierra, G., Aguado, F., Revilla, M., Varela, L., Rico, H., Feve, A., N'Guyen, J. P., Bathien, N., Fenelon, G., Veroust, J., Cesaro, P., Egersbach, G., Hattig, H., Schelosky, L., Wissel, J., Poewe, W., Durif, F., Albuisson, E., Debilly, B., Tournilhac, M., Magnani, C., Mocellini, C., Soffietti, R., Schiffer, D., Cardozo, A., Cruz-Sanchez, F. F., Falip, L., Potagas, G., Ziegler, M., Rondot, P., Bonifati, V., Fabrizio, E., Meco, G., Bostantjopoulou, S., Katsarou, Z., Kyriazis, G., Baas, H., Demisch, L., Esser, A., Zoeller, F., Burklin, F., Harder, S., Fischer, P. A., Arcusa, M. J., Hermandez, S., Claramonte, F. J., Pascual, A. Pascual- Leone, Alonso, M. D., Catata, M. D., Alessandri, A., Giustini, P., Dufour, A., Ciusani, E., Nespolo, A., Roelcke U., Radu E. W., von Ammon K., Maguire R. P., Leenders K. L., Radionova, M., Chavdarov, D., Bratoeva, M., Tzekov, Ch., Pietrangeli, A., Bove, L., Pace, A., Falqui, L., Jandolo, B., Potemkowski, A., Muller B., Reinhard I., Krone A., Warmuth M., Brocker E. M., Krauseneck P., Meyding-Lamadé, U., Krieger, D., Sartor, K., Hacke, W., Maugard-Louboutin, C., Fayet, G., Sagan, C., Martin, S., Ménégalli, D., Lajat, Y., Resche, F., Koriech, O. M., Al Moutaery, K., Yaqub, B., Jochens, R., Wolters, A., Venz, S., Cordes, M., Hecht, B. K., Chatel, M., Gaudray, P., Turc-Carel, C., Gioanni, J., Ayraud, N., Hecht, F., Rumbach, L., Racadot, E., Bataillard, M., Billot, M., Pariset, J., Wijdenes, J., Montalban, Rio J., Tintoré, M., Galan, I., Acarin, N., Rapaport, S., Huberman, M., Shechtcr, D., Karabudak, R., Kilinc, M., Boyacigil, S., Cila, A., Polo, J. M., Setien, S., Sanchez, R., Figols, J., Zubimendi, A., Nadareishvili, Z. G., Massot, R., Marés, R., Gallecho, F., Richart, C., Hernandez, M. A., Garcia, M. R., Lorenzo, J. N., Leon, C., Muros, M., Togores, J., Kutluk, K., Damlacik, G. A., Tekinsoy, B., Obuz, O., Baklan, B., Idiman, E., Genc, K., Zielasek, J., Schmidt, B., Liew, F. Y., Gulay, Z., Yulug, N., Wong, K. S., Wong, T. W., Yu, T. S., Kay, R., Poupon, R., Giral, P., Roberti, C., Zanette, E. M., Chiarotti, F., Brusa, L., Cerbo, R., Prusinski, A., Pondal, M., Canton, R., Dominigo, Erodriguez J., Pereira Monteino J. M., Pereira Monteino X., Pardo, J., Carroacedo, A., Barros, F., Lema, M., Castillo, J., Melchor, A., Montiel, I., Guiu, J. Matias, Kloss, T. M., Keidel, M., Jacob, M., Idiman, F., Idman, E., Ozturk, V., Metin, E., Yilmaz, M., Gerard, J. M., Bouton, R., Decamps, D., Herbaut, A. G., Delecluse, F., Cavenaile, M., Divano, L., Chazot, G., Boureau, F., Emile, J., Bertin, L., d'Allens, H., Ferro, J. M., Costa, I., Carletto, F., Catarci, T., Padovani, A., Iandolo, B., Bartoli, M., Bonamini, M., Pulcinelli, F., Pignatelli, P., Russo, M., Gazzaniga, P. P., Barros, J., Pinheiro, J., Correia, A. P., Monteiro, J. M. Pereira, Alvarez-Cermeno, J. C., Avello, G., Sastre, J. L., Vecino, A., Cesar, J. M., Leone, M., Stankov, B., D'Amico, D., Maltempo, C., Moschian, F., Fraschini, F., Bussone, G., Molto, J. M., Fernandez, E., Fernandez, A. Morento, Barreiro, A., Siclia, J., Castejon, P., Mihout, B., Malberin, M., Salzman, V., Bogousslavsky, J., Meneghetti, G., Baracchini, C., Bozzato, G., Marini, B., Mendel, T., Czlonkowska, A., Pasierski, T., Szwed, H., Marta-Moreno, J., Lopez-Delval, J., Mostacero, E., Morales, F., Mahagne, M. H., Rogopoulos, A., Bertrand, F., Bedoucha, P., Lanteri-Minet, M., Riva, D., Zorzi, C., Milani, N., Vajsar, J., Ronen, G., Macgregor, D., Becker, L., Susseve, J., Seidl, Z., Faber, J., Obenberger, J., Springer, R., Bax, R. T., Eckardt, T., Czettritz, G. V., Emmrich, P., Vlaski-Jekic, S., Petrova, V., Cherninkova, S., Gudeva, T., Tzekov, C., Devoti, M., Franceschetti, S., Mientus, S., Vienna, P., Vashtang, Y., Tazir, M., Assami, S., Oulbani, D., Kaci Ahmed, M. Ait, Andersen, G., Vestergaard, K., Riis, J. O., Chavdarov, D., Corbo, M., Previtali, S., Allen, R. R., McKay, W. C., Rowbotham, M. C., Castellvi-Pel, S., Banchs, I., Kruyer, H., Corral, J., Saugeir-Veber, P., Munnich, A., Bonneau, D., Rozet, J. M., Le Merrer, M., Boespflug-Tanguy, O., Gokyigit, A., Oktem, O., Demir, G., Caliskan, A., Gardiner, R. M., Shorvon, Simon, Wieser, Heinz -Gregor, Hossmann, K. A., Steinberg, A., van Crevel, H., Ducros, A., Labauge, P., Pinsard, N., Ponsot, G., Gouttiere, F., Gastaut, J. L., Delrieu, O., BesanÇon, V., Klopstock, T., May, A., Seibel, P., Papagiannuli, E., Reichmann, H., Gurses, C., Aykut, C., Aktan, S., De Vuono, G., Fiacco, F., Gazzaniga Pozzill, P. P., Assuerus, V., Jacomet, C., Picard, O., Rozenbaum, W., Nueckel, M., Osschmann, P., Horning, C. R., Caldarelli-Stefano, R., Omodeo-Zorini, E., Rivolta, G. E., Maserati, R., Cagni, A., Ferrante, P., Lamadé, W., Heb, Th., Gosztonyl, G., Daral, G., Fresquet, C., Storch-Hagenlocher, B., Wildemann, B., Jager, G., Fuhry, L., Van Paesschen, W., Grunewald, R. A., Duncan, J. S., Connelly, A., Jackson, G. D., Sisodiya, S., Raymond, A. A., Shorvon, S. D., Fish, D. R., Stevens, J. M., Savic, I., Pauli, S., Thorell, J. O., Browne, R. H., Kornhuber, J., Retz, W., Riederer, P., Boon, F., Calliauw, L., Hoksergen, I., Thiery, E., Caemert, J., Decoo, D., Desomer, A., Chevalier, Y., Grinspan, A., Hirsch, E., Moszkowski, J., Marescaux, C., Yaqub, B. A., Valdueza, J. M., Puchner, M. J. A., Dammann, O., Vortmeyer, A., Herrmann, H. -D., Peterson, W., Prevett, M. C., Cunningham, V., Brooks, D. J., Pomes, A., Sunol, C., Durwen, H. F., Confavreux, Ch., Grimaud, J., Saddier, P., Moreau, T., Cortinovis-Tourniaire, P., Aimard, G., Adeleine, P., Paty, D. W., Wiles, C. M., Midgard, R., Riise, T., Kvale, G., Nyland, H., Stodal, H., Haase, A., Lassmann, H., Deeb, S. M. Al., Bruyn, G. W., Semana, G., Teisserenc, H., Alizadeh, M., Loiseau, P., Birebent, B., Yaouanq, J., Genetet, B., Sabouraud, O., Charron, D. J., Shaw, C. E., Stelmasiak, C., Solski, J., Nowicki, J., Jakubowska, B., Ryba, M., Grieb, P., Garcia-Merino, A., Usuku, K., Yunis, E., Alper, C., Hauser, S. L., Betuel, H., Gebuhrer, L., Salier, J. P., Kellar-Wood, H., Govan, G. G., Bromberg, J. E. C., Rinkel, G. J. E., Algra, A., Moulin, T., Stojkovic, T., Chavrot, D., Klotzsch, C., Kaiser-Rub, K., Nahser, H. C., Klijn, C. J. M., Tulleken, C. A. F., Rappelle, L. J., Daffertshofer, M., Kother, J., Hornig, C. R., Rust, D. S., Busse, O., Laun, A., Corabianu, O., Berbinschi, A., Chastang, C., Cophignon, J., Haguenau, M., Ketelslegers, J. M., Jander, S., Kramer, M., Schröter, M., Witte, O. W., Stoll, G., Möbner, R., Barak, V., Sarova-Ponchas, I., Holon, Le Coz, P., Woimant, F., George, B., Merland, J. J., Chleide, E., Casademont, J., Barrientos, A., Cardellach, F., Cervantes, F., Grau, J. M., Montoya, J., Rozman, C., Urbano-Marquez, A., Nunes, V., Lane, R. J. M., Archard, L. C., Schapira, A. H. V., Cooper, J. M., Barnes, P. R. J., Kemp, G. J., Taylor, D. J., Toscano, A., Garavaglia, B., Vita, G., Rodolico, C., Aguennouz, M., Messina, C., Mariottu, C., Uziel, G., Carrara, F., Mora, M., Zeviani, M., Mahe, B., Milpied, N., Bernasconi, P., Torchiana, E., Simoncini, O., Dalakas, M. C., Goebels, N., Michaelis, D., HÄcker, G., Ptacek, L., Gonzalez, A., Sevilla, T., Diaz, C., Baggi, F., Andreetta, F., Bielicki, G., Tanguy, A., Zanca, M., Renou, J. P., De Deyn, P. P., Marescau, B., Pickut, B. A., Cobo, A. M., Emparanza, J. L., Munain, A. Lopez de, Marti-Masso J. F., Ciafalon, E., Bardoni, A., Fortunato, F., Garghentino, R., Roses, A., Metz-Lutz, M. N., Coquerel, A., Pfaff, F., Dussallant, M., Gaudriault, G., Zsurger, N., Le Cam-Duchez, V., Berod, A., Vincent, J. P., Tayot, J., Rostene, W., Giraud, G., Minault, C., Vallée, J., Cailloux, F., Law, L., Paulson, O. B., Britton, T. C., Dones, I., Servello, D., Molteni, F., Mariani, G., Broggi, G., Hassan, S. M., Jennekens, F. G. I., Wieneke, G., Veldman, H., Fritz, C., Braune, H. -J., Sullivan, E. P. O., Jenkins, I. H., Henderson, L., Kennard, C., Brunholzl, Ch., Calvet, J. Pascual, Insa, Jm. Soler, Serradell, A. Pou, Coria, F., Rubio, I., Garcia, M. A., Duarte, J., Sempere, A. P., Claveria, L. E., Blanco, I., Ferrarini, M., Testa, D., Cazzaniga, C., Farinotti, M., Filippini, G., Hawkes, C. H., Graham, A., McDonald, A., Chroni, E., Heatley, F. W., Spencer, G. T., Moulard, B., Camu, W., Dhib, M., Diaye, M. N., Malafosse, A., Meininger, V., Billiard, M., Baldy-Moulinier, M., Léger, J. M., Harpin, M. L., Willison, H. J., Veitch, J., Herron, B., AlMemar, A., Reiners, K., Michels, M., Hughes, R. A. G., Heidenreich, F., Archelos, J. J., Uchuya, M., Graus, F., Feltri, L., Scherer, S. S., Wrabetz, L., van Schaik, I. N., Vermeulen, M., Brand, A., Tekin, S., Afsar, N., Sarropoulos, A., (née Schönbeck), S. Spuler, Schönhuber, R., Espadaler, J. M., Fardeau, M., Pino, I. M., Diez Tejedor, E., Rio, F. Garcia, Prados, C., Gomez, L., Munoz, J., Bouchard, C., Barrett, M. J., Coulton, G. R., Casadevall, J., Sala, R. Alvarez, Garcia, J. M. Pino, Dupuis, M. J. M., Mezt, R., Jean, D., Maes, E., Smits, R. C. F., Emmen, H. H., Kulig, B. M., van Loenen, A. C., de Waal, R., van Diemen, H. A. M., Koetsier, J. C., Ince, D., Ferri, R., Durelli, L., Bangioanni, M. R., Ferrero, B., Riva, A., Bergaasco, B., Stenager, E., Stenager, E. N., Jensen, K., De Andres, C., Anaya, F., Dimova, V., Hansen, A. W., Norby, S., Edal, A. L., Rosenberg, T., Thorpe, J. W., Filippi, M., Horsfleld, M. A., Reganati, P., Baratti, C., Bressi, S., Ozurk, V., Yeil, S., Rodegher, M., Sirabian, G., Alberoni, M., Eoli, M., La Mantia, L., Manetti, E., Zaffaroni, M., Milanese, C., Corsini, E., de Castro, P., Carreno, M., Iriarte, J., Heide, W., Barado, J., Echaniz, P., Cuadrado, E., Baykan-Kurt, B., Oktem-Tanor, O., Bahar, S., Konyalioglu, R., Tumac, A., Gok, S., Gurvit, H., Gursoy, G., Henderson, C. E., Westarp, M. E., Perron, H., Hoff-Jörgensen, R., Rasmussen, H., Schraff, S., Kornhuber, H. H., Moseley, I. F., Colangelo, A. M., Fetoni, V., Parati, E., Austoni, L., DiGiovanni, A., Meucci, N., Nobile-Orazio, E., Scarlato, G., Goi, G., Lombardo, A., Bairati, C., Aversa, E., Caputo, D., Ferrarese, C., Canafoglia, L., Frigo, M., Pecora, N., Riva, R., Frattola, L., Carpo, M., Gamba, M., Meussi, N., Barbieri, S., Ostermeyer, B., Patten, B. M., Abeta, S., Inoue, N., Matsui, H., Yoshino, Y., Pizzi, C. Delli, Ragno, M., Losseff, N. A., Fletcher, N. A., Thorpe, J., Droogan, A. G., Harper, R., Hawkins, S. A., Patterson, V. H., Bell, P., Soeterboek, A. A. J., Koehler, P. J., Urtasun, M., Vilchez, J., Castel-lvi-Rel, S., Gine, R., Villa, M., Koehler, W., Kumar, A. J., Edwin, D., Moser, H. W., Guidetti, D., Ferlini, A., Motti, L., Bondavalli, M., Patrosso, M. C., Ghidoni, E., Alfaro, A., Giros, M. L., Barcelo, A., Piqueras, A., Martinez, V., Rango, M., Bamonti, F., Greco, F., Spagnoli, D., Tomei, G., Zetta, L., Honczarenko, K., Jezewski, T., Kojder, I., Verlooy, J., Reempts, Jos V., Deuren, B. V., Borgers, M., Gajda, J. U., Ley-Pozo, J., Louwen, P., Happe, S., Buschmann, H. C., Ringelstein, E. B., Yamawaki, T., Takao, M., Suzuki, N., WeilBenborn, K., Schellong, S., Ehrenheim, C., Wollenhaupt, J., Goetz, C., Lubach, D., Vion-Dury, J., Nicoli, F., Confort-Gouny, S. O., Dhiver, C. O., Lamoureux, S., Salvan, A. M., Gastaut, J. -A., Gastaut, J. -L., Cozzone, P., Ribalta, T., Santamaria, J., Drewes, A. M., Taagholt, S. J., van den Berg, J. S. P., Limburg, M., Valldeoriola, F., Valls-Solé, J., Marti, M. J., Trenkwalder, C., Stiasny, K., Collado-Scidel, V., Wetter, T., Kazenwadel, J., Kohnen, R., Ramm, S., Oertel, W. H., Thajeb, P., Starck, M., Albrecht, H., Pollmann, W., Konic, N., Split, W., Sulkowski, W., Kowalska, S., Sawradewicz-Rybak, M., Musior, M., Scaioli, V., Brock, S., Ciano, C., Palazzini, E., Servan, J., Aoba, S., Yamaguchi, S., Johkura, K., Rosin, L., Solimena, M., De Camilli, P., Meinck, H. -M., Roquer, J., Marti, N., Cano, A., Pou-Serradell, A., Robeck, S., Enqelhardt, A., Kalden, J. R., Dhaenens, G., Tyrdal, S., Broere, C. A. J., Polman, L. J., Gomez, R., Alberdi, M., Delgado, J. M., Kansu, E., Saribas, O., Zileli, T., Proust, F., Freger, P., Creissard, P., Proano, J., Patrignani, J., Castro, J., Ugarte, A., Giros, Ma. L., Pampols, Ta., Sabev, C., Gikova, S., Antonova, N., Georgieva, L., Stanev, V., Popova, G., Kostadinova, S., Pepeliarska, M., Pierre-Jerome, C., Bekkelund, S. I., Husby, G., Mellgren, S. I., Attaccalite, A., Guidi, M., Passero, S., Caruso, V., HÄgele, J., Lohmeyer, J., Heilmann, M., Ohly, A., Ceballos-Baumann, A. O., Joussen, K., Sonka, K., Chave, B., Confort-Gouny, S., Houallah, T., Neundoerfer, B., Tex, S., Seeber, C., Mokrusch, T., Urdiain, T. X. Arbizu, Yelamos, S. M., Villanueva, P., Serra, J. Peres, Braghi, S., Bonifacio, E., Natali-Sora, M. G., Debbink, Y. N., Marra, T. R., Mossman, S., Timmings, P., Seitz-Dertinger, S., Solbach, W., Mainz, A., Manfredini, E., Calabrese, E., Allaria, S., Mariani, C., Sinaki, M., Lynn, S., Westerlind, K., Ossege, L. M., Voss, B., Wiethege, Th., Sindern, E., Malin, J. p., Le Doze, F., Chapon, F., de la Sayette, V., Schaeffer, S., Dary, M., Lechevalier, B., Viader, F., de Pommery, J., Weill-Fulazza, J., Menetrey, M., Lazzarino, L. G., Nicolai, A., Nappo, A., Blin, J., Mazetti, P., Mazoyer, B., Ayed, S. Ben, Rivaud, S., Vidailhet, M., Pierrot-Deseilligny, C., Chase, T., Jordan, K. G., Gergaud, J. M., Breux, J. P., Roblot, P., Grollier, G., Giraudon, B. Becq, Dobato, J. L., Gilabert, Y. Perez, Blanco, J. L. Munoz, de Kruijk, J., Twijnstra, A., Wilmink, J., Leffers, P., Iniguez, C., Jimenez-Escrig, A., Nocito, M., Villar, M. L., Gonzalez-Porque, P., Gobernado, J. M., Chandler, H. C., Crockard, H. A., Henderson, F., Rossi, T., Maidani, M., Pujol, A., Rimola, A., Beltran, J., Garcia-Valdecasas, J. C., Navasa, M., Grande, L., Galofre, J., Visa, J., Rodes, J., Ruiz, M., Pampols, T., Bruce, L., Tanner, M. J. A., Lefaucheur, J. P., Verroust, J., Taghavy, A., Hamer, H., Benomar, A., Cancel, G., Stevanin, G., Durr, A., Labaune, C., Desnizza, V., Widjaja-Cramer, B., Schulze-Bonhage, A., Kott, H., Ferbert, A., Sanz-Sebastian, C., Pascual, L. F., Alegria, F. Abad, Kushnir, M., Groozman, G. B., Korczyn, A. D., Drory, Ve., Korczyn, A., Guggenheim, H., Baykouchev, St., Struppler, A., Tchalucova, N., Jotova, J., Mokri, B., Parisi, J. E., Scheithauer, B. W., Piepgras, D. G., Miller, M., Kornhuber, A. W., Köhler, A., Hülser, P. J., Kriebel, J., Alonso-Villaverde, C., Castro, A., Masana, L., Urda, A. Martin, Fernandez, J., Mares, R., Torre, L., Mayayo, E., Lossos, A., Gomori, M., Libson, E., Goldfarb, A., Seigal, T., de Louw, A., Praamstra, P., Horstink, M., Cools, A., Tarrats, E. Basart, Calopa, M., Martinez, S., Ballabrina, J., Taussig, D., Marion, M. -H., Mallecourt, J., Ranoux, D., Gasser, T., Kabus, C., Ozelius, L., Wenzel, R., Breakefield, X. O., Boot, H., Poublon, R. M. L., Bogaard, J. M., GinaÏ, A. Z., Cabezas, C., Scholz, J., Nitschke, N., Vieregge, P., Wirk, B., Hochberg, F. H., Hefter, H., Kessler, K., Wirrwar, A., Stocklin, G., Tournier-Lasserves, E., Agundez, J. Garcia, Ruiz, E., Li, X. P., Hedlund, P. B., Fuxe, K., Kulisevsky, J., Avila, A., Berthier, M. L., Gerard, J. -M., Cambier, J., Caucheteur, C., Deuschl, G., Köster, B., Scheidt, C., Lücking, C. H., Mena, M. A., Chedru, F., Oubary, P., Rondot, P., Anagnostou, C. N., Panagopoulos, C. P., Ziogas, D. E., Vermersch, P., Robitaille, Y., Gauvreau, D., Destée, A., Delacourte, A., Ficola, U., Marozzi, P., Piccoli, F., Janelidze, M., Shakarishvili, R., Gagoshidze, T., Vashadze, T., Tsiskaridze, A., Djannelidze, M., Trullen, J. M. Perez, Pardo, P. J. Modrego, Vazquez-Andre, M. L., Bail, L., Naccache, L., Gauvrit, J. L., Panisset, M., Boller, A. F., Giannini, M., Zanette, E., Di Cesare, S., Altieri, M., Maloteaux, J. M., Delwaide, C., Sciaky, M., Newman, S. K., Kennedy, A. M., Frackowiack, R. S. J., Warrington, E. K., Rossor, M. N., Martinez-Lage, Pablo, Martinez Lage, J. Manuel, Manubens, JosÇ M., Lacruz, Francisco, Larumbe, Rosa, Muruzabal, Javier, Locatelli, T., Cursi, M., Mauri, M., Liberati, D., Fornada, C., Iriarte, L. M., Lopez, M., Grilo, A., Repeto, M., Brasic, J. R., Barnett, J. Y., Sheitman, B. B., Young, J. G., Shalit, F., Brodie, C., Sredni, B., Engelien, A., Stern, E., Huber, W., Frith, C., Miralles, F., Albadalejo, M. D., Antem, M., Pastor, I., Estelies, M. A., Del Ser, T., Ochoa, H. Severo, Munoz, D., Hachinski, V., Cucinotta, D., Senin, U., Girardello, R., Crepaldi, G., Croria, F., Schens, D. B., Vigo-Pelfrey, C., SempereE, A. P., Ortega, M. P., Bava, L., Magni, E., Aronovich, B. D., Treves, T. A., Bornstein, N. M., Van Blercom, N., Blecic, S., Violon, Ph., Hildebrand, J., Zamboni, M., Ambrosoli, L., Poli, A., Kuehnen, J., Tilgner, C., Raltzig, M., Moering, B., Faiss, J., Deeb, S. M. Al, Daif, A., Sharif, H., Tatay, J., Caroeller, F., Avendano, C., Vinogradova, T., Pinto, A. N., Canhao, P., Neau, J. -Ph., Pacquereau, J., Meurice, J. -C., Schwab, M., Bauer, R., Deeb, M. AL, Tjan, T. J., Aabed, M., Berges, S., Crepin-Leblond, T., Chavot, D., Cattin, F., Snidaro, M. H., Chopard, J. L., Ley, C. Oliveras, Alameda, F., Alfonso, S., Podobnik-Sarkanji, S., Pniewski, J., Torbicki, A., Mieszkowski, J., Plaza, I., Petrunjashev, V., Velcheva, I., Hadjiev, D., Yancheva, S., Petrov, L., Karakaneva, S., Petkov, A., Nikolov, E., Niehaus, L., Sacchetti, M. L., Toni, D., Fiorelli, M., Gori, C., Argentino, C., Lyrer, Ph., Radu, E. W., Gratzl, O., Rondepierre, Ph., Leclerc, X., Marchau, Jr, M., Scheltens, Ph., Hamon, M., Janssens, E., Henon, H., Lucas, C., KuÇukoglu, H., Baybas, S., Dervis, A., YalÇiner, B., Yilmaz, N., Ozturk, M., Arpaci, B., Navarro, J. A., Arenas, J., Perez-Sempere, A., Egido, J. A., Soriano-Soriano, C., Beau, P., Gergaud, J. -M., Coudero, C., Dierckx, R. A., Dobbeleir, A., Timmermans, E., Vandevivere, J., Lucas, C. H., Gomez, M., Aguirre, J., Berenguer, A., Duran, C., Parrilla, J., Gonzalez, F., Gironell, A., Rey, A., Marti-Vilalta, J. L., de Lecinana, M. Alonso, Federico, F., Conte, C., Simone, I. L., Giannini, P., Liguori, M., Lucivero, V., Picciola, E., Tortorella, C., Drislane, F., Wang, A. Ming, Di Mascio, R., Marchioli, R., Vitullo, F., Di Pasquale, A., Sciulli, L., Kramer, V., Tognoni, G., Levivier, M., del Olmo, A., Caballero, E., Degaey, I., de Bruijn, S. F. T. M., Tchaoussoglou, I., Bastianello, S., Pozzilli, C., Cervello, A., Catala, N., Koskas, F., Kieffer, E., Botia, E., Vivancos, J., Leon, T., Segura, T., Ramo, C., Lopez, F., Karepov, V. G., Gur, A. J., Berlanga, B., Gracia, V., Fiol, C., Kurtel, H., Ozkutlu, U., Yegen, B., Grau, A. J., Buggle, F., Heindle, S., Steichen-Wiehn, C., Banerjee, T., Maiwald, M., Becher, H., Villafana, W., Medina, F., Fernandez-Real, J. M., Soler, S., Planas, E., Iceman, E., Doganer, I., Badlan, G., Genc, B., Yulug, K., Ideman, E., Dural, H., Kutlul, K., Damalik, G., Baklan, Y., Metin, B., Tekinsoy, E., Iriarte, I., Subira, M. L., Crockar, A. D., Treacy, M., McNell, T. A., Grazzi, L., Ediboglu, N., Bilgin, H., Ertas, S., Goument, J. -P., Basset, C., Campos, Y., Garcia-Silva, T., Cabello, A., Bussaglia, E., Tizzano, E., Colomer, J., Gimbergues, P., Campagne, D., Bommelaer, C., Delaguillaume, B., Ramtami, H., Ait-Kaci-Ahmed, M., Pascual L. F., Fernandez T., Hortells M., Sanz C., Morales F., Lauritzen, L., Picard, F., Sellal, F., Collard, M., Avramidis, T., Alexiou, E., Anastopoulos, T., Frongillo, D., Delfino, F. A., Cannata, M., Calo, L., Vichi, R., Antonini, G., Fragola, V., Cannata, D., Salas, M., Ruiz, C., Angelard, B., Lacau, J., Guily, St., Sendtner, M., Goadsby, Peter J., Quin, N. P., Gadian, D. G., Roland, P. E., Seitz, Rudiger J., Frackowiak, Richard S. J., Becker, G., Krone, A., Schmidt, K., Hofmann, E., Bogdahn, U., Rosenfeld, M. R., Meneses, P., Kaplitt, M. G., Dalmau, J., Posner, J., Cordon-Cardon, C., Hoang-Xuan, K., Vega, F., Nishisho, I., Moisan, J. P., Theillet, C., Delattre, O., Zhu, Jiahong, Walther, W., Posner, J. B., Roelcke, U., von Ammon, K., Pellikka, R., Lucking, C. H., Walon, C., Boucquey, D., -Van Rijckevorsel, K. Harmant, Lannoy, N., Verellen-Dunoulin, Ch., Liszka, U., Cavaletti, G., Casati, B., Kolig, C., Bogliun, G., Marzorati, L., Johannsen, L., Chio, A., Ruda, R., Vigliani, M. C., Sciolla, R., Seliak, D., Hoang-Xuang, K., Villanueva, J. A., Montalban, X., Arboix, A., Colosimo, C., Albanese, A., Hughes, A. J., de Bruin, V., Lees, A. J., Kowalski, J. W., Banfi, S., Santoro, L., Perretti, A., Castaldo, I., Barbieri, F., Campanella, G., Bhatia, K. P., Mardsen, C. D., de Bruin, V. S., Machedo, C., Ceballos-Baumann, D., Marsden, C. D., Brooks, D. B. J., Wennlng, G. K., Quinn, N., McDonald, W. l., Warner, T. T., Bain, P. C., Davis, M. B., Conway, D., Shaunak, S., O'Sullivan, E., Crawford, T., Lawden, M., Blunt, S., Rapoport, A., Sarova-Pinchas, I., de Beyl, D. Zegers, Mavroudakis, N., Blanc, S., Godinot, C., Lenoir, G., Barkhof, M. S. F., Tas, M. W., Baron, P. L., Constantin, C., Cassatella, M. A., Langdon, D. W., Webb, S., Gasparini, P., Zeviani, A., Kidd, D., Mammi, S., Cahalon, L., Hershkoviz, R., Lahat, N., Wallach, D., Annunziata, P., Martino, T., Maimone, D., Guazzi, G. C., Porrini, A. M., Dell'Arciprete, L., Rothwell, P. M., Stewart, R. R. C., Cull, R. E., Willmes, K., Poeck, K., Russell, D., Braekken, S. K., Brucher, R., Svennevig, J., Hermesl, M., Bruckmann, H., Biraben, A., Sliwka, U., Meyer, B., Schondube, F., Noth, J., Lavenu, I., Lammers, C., Waldecker, B., Haberbosch, W., Stam, J., Schneider, R., Gautier, J. C., Berlit, T. P., Fauser, B., Kuhne, D., Geraud, G., Danielli, A., Larrue, V., Bes, A., Timmerman, E., Bono, F., Bruni, A. C., Valalentino, P., Montesi, M. P., Talerico, G., Zappia, M., Sabatelli, M., Quattrone, A., Pareyson, D., Lorenzetti, D., Sghirlanzoni, A., Castellotti, B., Lupski, J. R., Archidiacono, N., Antonacci, R., Marzella, R., Rocchi, M., Samuel, D., Goulon-Goeau, C., Costa, P. P., Bismuth, H., Said, G., De Jongh P., Lofgren A., Timmerman V., Vance J. M., Van Broeckhoven C., Martin J. -J., Martinez, A. Cruz, Bort, S., Arpa, J., Misra, P., King, R. H. M., Badhia, K., Anderson, M., Caballo, A., Vichez, J., Gabriel, J. M., Erne, B., Miescher, G. C., Ulrich, J., Vital, A., Vital, C., Steck, A., Petry, K., Labatut, I., Hilmi, S., Ellie, E., Ferrini-Strambi, L., Zucconl, M., Marchettini, P., Palazzi, S., Oehlschlager, M., Pepinsky, R. B., Gemignani, F., Marbini, A., Pavesi, G., Di Vittorio, S., Manganelli, P., Mancia, D., Vermersh, P., Roche, J., Durocher, A. M., Dewailly, Ph., Dettmers, C., Fink, G., Lemon, R., Stephan, K., Passingham, D., Weder, B., Knorr, U., Huang, Y., Butterfield, D. A., Peris, M. L., Peiro, C., Pascual, A. Pascual-Leone, Bottini, G., Folnegovic-Smalc, V., Knezevic, S., Bokonjic, R., Ersmark, B., Torres, M. Gonzalez, Guiraud-Chaumeil, B., Haugaard, K., Jovicic, A., Chr, Lang, Levic, Z., Parra, C. Martinez, Ochoa, J. Patrignani, Titlbach, O., Wikkelso, C., Caparros-Lefevre, D., Debachy, B., Verier, A., Cantinho, G., Santos, A. I., Godinho, F., Bagunya, J., Roig, T., Ensenyat, A., Santiag, O., Trabucchi, H., De Leo, D., Koch, Ch., Zeumer, H., Matkovic, Z., Morris, P., Donaghy, M., Köhler, W., Kammer, T., Röther, J., Navon, R., Fontaine, B., Wu, Y., Capdevila, A., Guardiola, M. J., van Dijk, G. W., Notermans, N. C., Kruize, A. A., Kater, L., Bertelt, C., Hesse, S., Friedrich, H., Mauritz, K. -H., Giron, L. T., Watanabe, I. S., Ewing, D., Koepp, M., Lempert, T., Sander, B., Kauerz, U., Mehdorn, H. M., Hezel, J., Eickhoff, W., Kryst, T., Timsit, S., Gardeur, D., Reis, Mitermayer Galvao dos, Secor, E., Filho, A. Andrade, Silva, M. Cardoso, Santos, S. R. Silveira, Vasilaski, G., Reis, E. A. dos, Velupillai, P., Harn, D. A., Tigera, J. Garcia, Dreke, R. Martinez, Crespo, R. Piedra, Besses, C., Acin, P., Massons, J., Florensa, L., Oliveres, M., Sans-Sabrafen, J., Wicklein, E. M., Pleiffer, G., Kunre, K., Dieterich, M., Brandt, Th., Guarino, M., Stracciari, A., Pazzaglia, P., D'Alessandro, R., Santilli, I., Donato, M., The European Velnacrine Study Group, The Dutch Guillain-Barré study group, The COP-1 Multicenter Clinical and Research Group Study, and European Study Group
- Published
- 1994
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Do Changes in Oxygen Metabolism in the Unaffected Cerebral Hemisphere Underlie Early Neurological Recovery After Stroke?: A Positron Emission Tomography Study
- Author
-
Iglesias, S., Marchal, G., Rioux, P., Beaudouin, V. AI, Hauttement, J.L., de la Sayette, V., Le Doze, F., Derlon, J.M., Viader, F., and Baron, J.C.
- Published
- 1996
4. Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leucoencephalopathy (CADASIL) revealed by Claude's syndrome
- Author
-
Le Doze, F., Robert, M., Apoil, M., Wang, A., and Defer, G.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Prolonged persistence of substantial volumes of potentially viable brain tissue after stroke: a correlative PET-CT study with voxel-based data analysis.
- Author
-
Marchal, G, Beaudouin, V, Rioux, P, de la Sayette, V, Le Doze, F, Viader, F, Derlon, J M, and Baron, J C
- Published
- 1996
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Meige's syndrome in a patient treated with ranitidine.
- Author
-
Le Doze, F, Moulin, M, and Defer, G L
- Published
- 1999
7. Brain glucose utilisation in a patient with "athymhormia" from a family with autosomal dominant parkinsonism and psychic disturbances.
- Author
-
Le Doze, F, Baron, J C, Marie, R M, Eustache, F, Lechevalier, B, Schupp, C, Travere, J M, and Petit-Taboue, M C
- Published
- 1994
8. PET imaging of cerebral perfusion and oxygen consumption in acute ischaemic stroke: relation to outcome
- Author
-
Marchal, G., Rioux, P., Petit-Tabou, M.C., Derlon, J.M., Baron, J.C., Serrati, C., Viader, F., de la Sayette, V., Le Doze, F., Lochon, P., Petit-Taboué, M.C., and Orgogozo, J.M.
- Published
- 1993
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Right motor neglect associated with dynamic aphasia, loss of drive and amnesia: Case report and cerebral blood flow study
- Author
-
de la Sayette, V., Le Doze, F., Bouvard, G., Morin, I., Eustache, F., Fiorelli, M., Viader, F., and Morin, P.
- Published
- 1992
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Dissociating atrophy and hypometabolism impact on episodic memory in mild cognitive impairment.
- Author
-
Chetelat G, Desgranges B, de la Sayette V, Viader F, Berkouk K, Landeau B, Lalevée C, Le Doze F, Dupuy B, Hannequin D, Baron JC, and Eustache F
- Subjects
- Aged, Atrophy, Brain metabolism, Cognition Disorders metabolism, Cognition Disorders psychology, Female, Fluorodeoxyglucose F18, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Memory Disorders, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Radiopharmaceuticals, Statistics as Topic, Tomography, Emission-Computed, Cognition Disorders pathology, Hippocampus pathology, Memory
- Abstract
The present study aims to unravel, in the same study, both morphological and functional specific substrates of encoding versus retrieval deficits in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI). For this purpose, 21 highly screened MCI patients with isolated memory impairment, who attended a memory clinic and fulfilled operational criteria for MCI, underwent (i) two episodic memory subtests designed to assess preferentially either incidental encoding or retrieval capacity; (ii) a high-resolution T1-weighted volume MRI scan; and (iii) a resting state [18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose PET study. Using statistical parametric mapping, positive correlations between memory scores on one hand, and grey matter density and normalized partial volume effect-corrected brain glucose utilization (ncCMRglc) on the other hand, were computed. Deficits in both encoding and retrieval were correlated with declines in hippocampal region grey matter density. The encoding subtest also correlated with hippocampal ncCMRglc, whereas the retrieval subtest correlated with the posterior cingulate area ncCMRglc only. The present findings highlight a distinction in the neural substrates of encoding and retrieval deficits in MCI. Furthermore, they unravel a partial dissociation between metabolic and structural correlates, suggesting distinct interpretations. Hippocampal atrophy was related to both encoding and retrieval deficits, possibly reflecting a direct effect on hippocampal functioning, as well as an indirect effect, through remote functional disruption, on posterior cingulate region synaptic function, respectively.
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Pharmacokinetics of all-trans retinoic acid, 13-cis retinoic acid, and fenretinide in plasma and brain of Rat.
- Author
-
Le Doze F, Debruyne D, Albessard F, Barre L, and Defer GL
- Subjects
- Animals, Antineoplastic Agents administration & dosage, Antineoplastic Agents blood, Area Under Curve, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Fenretinide administration & dosage, Fenretinide blood, Half-Life, Injections, Intraperitoneal, Male, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Tretinoin administration & dosage, Tretinoin blood, Antineoplastic Agents pharmacokinetics, Brain metabolism, Fenretinide pharmacokinetics, Tretinoin pharmacokinetics
- Abstract
We have measured the pharmacokinetics of three retinoids, all-trans retinoic acid, 13-cis retinoic acid, and fenretinide in rat blood and rat brain [especially white matter (WM) and gray matter (GM)] to help select retinoids for treating human malignant glioma. All-trans retinoic acid permeated well into the WM, giving peak concentration in WM of 25.7 microg/g, 6 to 7 times higher than the peak serum concentration. There was less 13-cis retinoic acid in WM: area under the curve (AUC)(0-->infinity) WM/AUC(0-->infinity) serum = 18.00 microg ml(-1) h/32.67 microg ml(-1) h. The ratio WM/GM was over 1 for these two compounds, but the half-lives were short in the serum and cerebral tissue (0.57-1.02 h). Fenretinide had different pharmacokinetics: the peak concentrations were in serum (1.7 microg/ml) and WM (1.2 microg/ml)-low, but the AUC(0-->infinity) was large (25.55 microg ml(-1) in serum and 57.53 microg ml(-1) in WM) due to its long elimination half-life (13.78 h in serum and 17.77 h in WM). These findings provide information that may be used to select a retinoid and establish therapeutic regimens that provide optimal efficacy with minimal toxicity.
- Published
- 2000
12. Drugs used in Alzheimer's disease and neuroplasticity.
- Author
-
Allain H, Bentue-Ferrer D, Gandon JM, Le Doze F, and Belliard S
- Subjects
- Cholinesterase Inhibitors therapeutic use, Clinical Trials as Topic, Humans, Neuronal Plasticity drug effects, Tacrine therapeutic use, Alzheimer Disease drug therapy
- Abstract
Drugs indicated for use in Alzheimer's disease (AD) must clinically improve the cognitive symptomatology of the disorder, although nonexclusively. From a neurochemical standpoint, these drugs must oppose the multiple processes recognized as stigmata of AD. In these two ways, so-called AD drugs may be considered substances modifying cerebral plasticity. Long-term evaluation of anticholinesterases and of tacrine, in particular, provides arguments in support of this initially purely biologic, theoretical approach. This concept of neuroplasticity applied to dementia may modify the traditional pharmaceutical drug development programs.
- Published
- 1997
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Early spontaneous hyperperfusion after stroke. A marker of favourable tissue outcome?
- Author
-
Marchal G, Furlan M, Beaudouin V, Rioux P, Hauttement JL, Serrati C, de la Sayette V, Le Doze F, Viader F, Derlon JM, and Baron JC
- Subjects
- Aged, Blood Flow Velocity physiology, Brain Ischemia physiopathology, Cerebrovascular Circulation physiology, Cerebrovascular Disorders diagnostic imaging, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Time Factors, Tomography, Emission-Computed, Cerebrovascular Disorders physiopathology
- Abstract
To clarify the relationships between early hyperperfusion (i.e. the hallmark of early, efficient recanalization in animal stroke models) and ultimate infarction, we have compared acute-stage perfusion PET images and chronic-stage CT scans in patients with middle cerebral artery (MCA) stroke. We used PET and the oxygen-15 (15O) equilibrium method to obtain cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral blood volume (CBV), oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen consumption (CMRO2) parametric images in 30 consecutive, still symptomatic, first-ever MCA territory stroke patients without sign of haemorrhage at admission CT scan. Each subject was studied twice, first within 5-18 h of stroke onset, and, in survivors, approximately 1 month later; a plain CT scan (co-registered with PET) was performed approximately 1 month after onset. Following initial screening based on acute-stage perfusion images, 10 survivors with focal hyperperfusion in the appropriate MCA territory confirmed by computer were declared eligible. In each patient, the topography and volume of both hyperperfusion and infarction (delineated on late CT scan) were recorded, and all PET parameters were obtained for both areas and both times. The hyperperfused areas affected the cortical MCA territory, often widely so and in a patchy fashion; they were topographically distinct from, and consistently larger than (P < 0.01, Wilcoxon sign test) the final infarcts, which were small and generally deep-seated. In none of the nine patients in whom it was successfully performed did transcranial Doppler reveal MCA stem occlusion. In the hyperperfused regions, the acute-stage perfusion, blood volume and oxygen consumption were significantly increased, and the OEF significantly reduced, while all these variables had significantly returned toward normality in the chronic-stage PET study. The ultimately infarcted area did not exhibit significant hyperperfusion in the acute stage. The areas with acute-stage hyperperfusion exhibited haemodynamic and metabolic abnormalities consistent with post-recanalization hyperperfusion, i.e. vasodilatation and "luxury perfusion'. Increased oxidative metabolism, previously reported only in animals, presumably reflects an overshoot of protein synthesis. The fact that the areas with hyperperfusion, though extensive, were topographically distinct from the infarcted region, suggests that spontaneous non-haemorrhagic hyperperfusion, when documented 5-18 h after onset, is a harmless and even perhaps beneficial phenomenon. These results have implications for clinical trials.
- Published
- 1996
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Right frontal cortex hypometabolism in transient global amnesia. A PET study.
- Author
-
Baron JC, Petit-Taboué MC, Le Doze F, Desgranges B, Ravenel N, and Marchal G
- Subjects
- Brain diagnostic imaging, Female, Frontal Lobe diagnostic imaging, Hippocampus diagnostic imaging, Hippocampus metabolism, Hippocampus physiopathology, Humans, Middle Aged, Thalamus diagnostic imaging, Thalamus metabolism, Thalamus physiopathology, Tomography, Emission-Computed, Amnesia metabolism, Amnesia physiopathology, Brain metabolism, Brain physiopathology, Cerebrovascular Circulation, Frontal Lobe metabolism, Frontal Lobe physiopathology, Oxygen Consumption
- Abstract
A 60-year-old lady with previous hypertension was studied with PET in the acute (early recovery) phase of an otherwise typical episode of transient global amnesia (TGA). Follow-up over > 1 year was uneventful, and delayed CT scans and MRI showed no brain damage. No medical cause was disclosed despite extensive work-up. The PET study revealed a matched reduction in cerebral blood flow and oxygen consumption over the entire lateral frontal cortex on the right side, with an associated, less significant reduction in ipsilateral thalamic and lentiform nucleus metabolism, but sparing the hippocampal area. These changes, which had resolved at a repeat PET study 3 months later, suggest right prefrontal metabolic depression, possibly secondary to thalamic dysfunction, as the underlying mechanism for TGA in this case, consistent with the emerging involvement of the prefrontal cortex in strategies or control of memory traces retrieval. Thus, in analogy with permanent amnesia, TGA may be a core syndrome with several possible foci of dysfunction along the neuronal networks that subserve explicit memory. In the future, combined PET neuropsychological assessment in the acute stage of TGA may prove useful in defining distinct neuropsychological-topographical subtypes of this intriguing clinical entity.
- Published
- 1994
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.