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Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors. It is clinically divided into two types: small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. Populus simonii distributed in East Asia region including China used as traditional medicine, which is an important medicinal plant for anti-lung cancer activity. The complete chloroplast genome sequence of P. simonii was characterized from Illumina pair-end sequencing. The chloroplast genome of P. simonii was 156,559 bp in length, containing a large single-copy region (LSC) of 84,825 bp, a small single-copy region (SSC) of 47,561 bp, and two inverted repeat (IR) regions of 16,494 bp. The overall GC content is 36.70%, while the corresponding values of the LSC, SSC, and IR regions are 34.5%, 30.0%, and 42.0%, respectively. The genome contains 131 complete genes, including 86 protein-coding genes (68 protein-coding gene species), 37 tRNA genes (29 tRNA species), and 8 rRNA genes (4 rRNA species). The neighbour-joining phylogenetic analysis showed that P. simonii and P. qamdoensis clustered together as sisters to other Populus species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the advent of molecularly targeted therapy, it is necessary to reconsider the strategy for malignant pleural effusion in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a two-line sequential treatment strategy in this patient subgroup. First-line treatment was gefitinib (250 mg/day) until disease progression. Second-line treatment was thoracoscopic talc pleurodesis followed by chemotherapy. Primary endpoints were the overall response and progression-free survival rates after first-line treatment, and the overall survival rate after first- and second-line treatment. Secondary endpoints were the success rate of thoracoscopic talc pleurodesis and gefitinib toxicity. Among the 76 patients enrolled, 61 (80%) were female and the median age was 62 years. The overall response rate after first-line treatment was 92.1% and median progression-free survival was 15 months. The success rate for thoracoscopic talc pleurodesis in 33 patients was 94%. Median follow-up was 35 months. Median overall survival was 39 months. The 1- and 3-year overall survival rates were 86.4% and 46.1%, respectively. The two-line sequential treatment strategy enhanced survival. These preliminary findings provide an insight into novel therapeutic models for malignant pleural effusion in NSCLC harbouring EGFR mutations. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of primary palmar hyperhidrosis (PPH) among adolescents in Fuzhou City of PR China. Methods: Stratified cluster sampling was carried out and a cross-sectional epidemiological survey by questionnaire was applied among 13,000 college and high school students. Results: The prevalence rate of PPH was 4.59% affecting both sexes equally. The peak age of onset is 6–16 years, accounting for 95.6% of the PPH population. Positive family history was found in 15.3% PPH cases. Besides palms, axillae and soles can be also affected. Conclusions: PPH affects a larger group of individuals than previously reported. More measures should be taken to enhance the recognition, diagnosis, and treatment of PPH. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Monotherapy of lung cancer shows limited therapeutic effects due to its poorly targeted enrichment and low bioavailability. Using nanomaterials as carriers to form drug delivery systems has become a popular method to improve the targeting of anticancer drug therapy and patients' safety. However, the uniformity of the loaded drugs and the unsatisfactory effects are still the bottleneck in this field up to now. This study aims to construct a novel nanocomposite carrying 3 different types of anticancer drugs to enhance treatment efficacy. Herein, mesoporous silica (MSN) with high loading rate was constructed by dilute sulfuric acid thermal etching as the framework. Hyaluronic acid (HA) was loaded with CaO 2 , p53 and DOX to construct nanoparticle complexes-SiO 2 @CaO 2 @DOX@P53-HA. First, MSN was proved to be a porous sorbent with a mesoporous structure through BET analysis. The images obtained from the uptake experiment clearly show the gradual enrichment of the DOX and Ca 2+ within the target cell. For in vitro experiments, the pro-apoptotic effects of SiO 2 @CaO 2 @DOX@P53-HA significantly increased compared to that of the single-agent group at different time points. Furthermore, in the tumor-bearing mouse experiment, the tumor volume was remarkably inhibited in the SiO 2 @CaO 2 @DOX@P53-HA group compared to that in the single-agent group. By observing the pathological sections of the euthanized mice, it is obvious that the tissues of the mice treated with the nanoparticles were more intact. Based on these beneficial results, it is believed that multimodal therapy is a meaningful treatment strategy for lung cancer.

Background: Transareolar single-port endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy (ETS) with a flexible endoscope has rarely been reported. This study assessed the performance of this novel minimally invasive technique for primary palmar hyperhidrosis (PPH)., Methods: From January 2019 to September 2019, 118 males with severe PPH requiring single-port and bilateral ETS were randomly allocated to undergo transareolar ETS using a flexible endoscope (group A, n=58) or transaxillary ETS using a 5 mm thoracoscope (group B, n=60)., Results: Both groups had similar patient characteristics. All procedures were performed successfully, with no mortality or conversion to open surgery. All patients had dry and warm palms immediately after surgery. Compared with group B, group A had a significantly shorter median incision length [5.1 (5.0-5.2) vs. 10.9 (10.8-11.9) mm; P<0.001], and significantly lower median postoperative pain score [1 (1.0-2.0) vs. 3 (3.0-4.0); P<0.001]. There were no differences between the two groups in operative time, palmar temperature increase, and transient postoperative sweating. After complete follow-up, group A had a significantly higher median cosmetic score than group B [4.0 (3.0-4.0) vs. 3.0 (3.0-3.0); P<0.001]. There were no differences between the two groups regarding symptom resolution, compensatory hyperhidrosis, and satisfaction score. No patient reported residual pain or symptom recurrence., Conclusions: Transareolar single-port ETS with a flexible endoscope is safe, effective, and minimally invasive with a small incision, minimal pain, and excellent cosmetic results. This novel procedure is suitable for routine treatment of PPH in males., Competing Interests: Conflicts of Interest: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form (available at http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/atm-20-7399). The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare., (2020 Annals of Translational Medicine. All rights reserved.)

Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors. It is clinically divided into two types: small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. Populus simonii distributed in East Asia region including China used as traditional medicine, which is an important medicinal plant for anti-lung cancer activity. The complete chloroplast genome sequence of P. simonii was characterized from Illumina pair-end sequencing. The chloroplast genome of P. simonii was 156,559 bp in length, containing a large single-copy region (LSC) of 84,825 bp, a small single-copy region (SSC) of 47,561 bp, and two inverted repeat (IR) regions of 16,494 bp. The overall GC content is 36.70%, while the corresponding values of the LSC, SSC, and IR regions are 34.5%, 30.0%, and 42.0%, respectively. The genome contains 131 complete genes, including 86 protein-coding genes (68 protein-coding gene species), 37 tRNA genes (29 tRNA species), and 8 rRNA genes (4 rRNA species). The neighbour-joining phylogenetic analysis showed that P. simonii and P. qamdoensis clustered together as sisters to other Populus species., Competing Interests: No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s)., (© 2020 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.)