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Purpose Women with dense breast are known to be at high risk for breast cancer, but their prevalence and number of Korean women are unknown. The current study was to investigate the distribution of mammographic breast density by age of women undergoing screening mammography, and to estimate the prevalence of Korean women with dense breasts, quantitatively. Materials and Methods For obtaining a nationwide representative sample, 6,481 mammograms were collected from 86 screening units participated in the National Cancer Screening Program for breast cancer. Based on the American College of Radiology Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System classification, breast density was evaluated by six breast radiologists, qualitatively. We applied these breast density distributions to age-specific counts of the Korean women population derived to mid-year 2017 to estimate the number of Korean women with dense breasts. Results Overall, 54.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 52.9% to 55.8%) of women 40 to 69 years of age had heterogeneously or extremely dense breasts, and this proportion was inversely associated with age. Based on the age distribution of Korean women, we estimated that 6,083,000 women (95% CI, 5,919,600 to 6,245,600) age 40-69 years in Korean have dense breasts. Women aged 40-49 years (n=3,450,000) accounted for 56.7% of this group. Conclusion More than half of Korean women aged 40 and over have dense breasts. To prevent breast cancer effectively and efficiently, it is necessary to develop a new personalized prevention strategy considering her status of breast density. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To assess the accuracy of CT for the diagnosis of histologically confirmed adrenal adenoma and nonadenoma using CT numbers. Materials and methods: Our study included 91 adrenal masses in 83 patients; histopathological diagnoses were 45 adenomas, 31 pheochromocytomas, 6 hyperplasias, 4 metastasis, and 5 miscellaneous lesions. Unenhanced CT in 46 patients and unenhanced and delayed contrast-enhanced (DCE) CT in 37 patients were retrospectively reviewed to examine the correlation between CT findings and those on pathological examination and to obtain diagnostic accuracy. Results: Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for adenoma were 40% (18/45), 91% (42/46), and 66% (60/91) with unenhanced CT, and 96% (24/25), 61% (11/18), and 81% (35/43) with DCE CT. Adrenal masses falsely diagnosed as adenoma on unenhanced CT included three hyperplasias and one endothelial cyst, and those falsely diagnosed as adenoma on DCE CT were five pheochromocytomas, one oncocytic coritical tumor, and one primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical dysplasia. Twenty-five lipid-poor adenomas were falsely diagnosed as nonadenomas on unenhanced CT and one degenerated adenoma both on unenhanced CT and on DCE CT. Conclusion: Diagnosing adenoma merely on CT numbers can lead to misdiagnosis. The lower specificity than expected is due to pheochromocytomas presenting as false positives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]