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Abstract This study examined the link between fatty liver disease (FLD) and cataracts, as previous research has suggested that FLD may contribute to metabolic syndrome, systemic inflammation, and potentially cataracts. We studied a nationwide cross-sectional cohort of the Fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2010–2011. FLD was defined as nonalcoholic FLD (NAFLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated FLD (MAFLD). Multinomial logistic regression was utilized to investigate the relationship between cataracts and FLD after adjustment for potential confounders. Participants with cataracts had higher liver fibrosis scores, including the NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS; P

Abstract A new presbyopia-correcting intraocular lens (IOL) combining bifocal and extended-depth-of-focus profiles (Symbiose: Artis Symbiose Plus; Cristalens Industrie, Lannion, France) was introduced. We compared the output with that of a standard monofocal IOL (PL E: Artis PL E). The two four-haptic hydrophobic IOLs were made of the same material from the same company. Cataract patients bilaterally implanted with either PL E or Symbiose between November 2021 and August 2022 were reviewed. The principal measures of the postoperative results were uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA); corrected distance VA (CDVA); uncorrected intermediate VA; uncorrected near VA; objective optical quality; and distance-corrected defocus curves. This study included forty-eight patients (96 eyes), with 22 and 26 patients (44 and 52 eyes, respectively) being implanted with PL E and Symbiose, respectively. All patients received the same type of IOL implanted in both eyes. The average age of patients was 70.9 ± 7.1 and 60.0 ± 8.5 years in PL E and Symbiose groups, respectively, with significantly younger patients in Symbiose group (p

Abstract Background To evaluate changes in objective optical quality following intense pulsed light (IPL) treatment combined with meibomian gland (MG) expression (MGX) in patients with MG dysfunction (MGD). Methods This retrospective cross-sectional study included MGD-related dry eye disease (DED) patients who received IPL treatment between March and December 2021 at Kim’s Eye Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Each patient underwent four sessions of IPL treatment using Lumenis M22 (Lumenis Ltd., Yokneam, Israel) and MGX at three-week intervals. Results This study included 90 eyes from 45 patients with MGD. The mean age was 52.3 ± 16.1 years (range, 20–75 years), and 53.3% (24/45) of patients were female. Compared with the baseline, all clinical symptoms and signs significantly improved after IPL treatment combined with MGX. All optical quality parameters obtained with an optical quality analysis system (OQAS: Visiometrics, Castelldefels, Spain) have improved significantly over the baseline (p

Abstract Background Recently, a new presbyopia-correcting intraocular lens (IOL) that combines extended depth-of-focus and bifocal profiles (ZFR00: Tecnis® Synergy®, Johnson & Johnson Vision, Santa Ana, CA, USA) has been established and several studies have been reported. We attempted to compare the performance with a standard IOL (ZCB00: Tecnis® monofocal, Johnson & Johnson Vision, Santa Ana, CA, USA) manufactured using the same material from the same company, which has been extensively used worldwide. Methods The medical records of patients undergoing cataract surgery with ZCB00 or ZFR00 implantation between March 2021 and September 2021 and with available 3-month visit data were reviewed. Uncorrected near, intermediate, and distance visual acuity (VA), corrected distance VA, and optical quality were the main outcome measures. Results This study included forty-six patients (64 eyes), with twenty-one patients (32 eyes) implanted with ZCB00 and twenty-five patients (32 eyes) implanted with ZFR00. The average age of the patients was 66.0 ± 10.1 (range: 40 to 82) and 65.1 ± 4.7 (range: 59 to 77) years in the ZCB00 and ZFR00 groups, respectively. The preoperative characteristics did not differ significantly between the two groups. Compared to the ZCB00 group, the ZFR00 group demonstrated significantly superior intermediate and near VA (p

We aimed to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of Screening Corneal Objective Risk of Ectasia (SCORE) Analyzer software using ANTERION, a swept-source optical coherence tomography device, for keratoconus diagnosis in an Asian population. A total of 151 eyes of 151 patients were included in this retrospective study as follows: 60, 45, and 46 keratoconus, keratoconus suspects, and normal control eyes, respectively. Parameters in the SCORE calculation, including six indices, were compared for the three groups. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis and cut-off value were estimated to assess the diagnostic ability to differentiate keratoconus and keratoconus suspect eyes from the normal group. The SCORE value and six indices were significantly correlated—“AntK max” (R = 0.864), “AntK oppoK” (R = 0.866), “Ant inf supK” (R = 0.943), “Ant irre 3mm” (R = 0.741), “post elevation at the thinnest point” (R = 0.943), and “minimum corneal thickness” (R = −0.750). The SCORE value showed high explanatory power (98.1%), sensitivity of 81.9%, and specificity of 78.3% (cut-off value: 0.25) in diagnosing normal eyes from the keratoconus suspect and keratoconus eyes. The SCORE Analyzer was found to be valid and consistent, showing good sensitivity and specificity for keratoconus detection in an Asian population.

Abstract Background No studies have been reported on the efficacy and safety of long-term (≥12 months) use of topical tacrolimus for refractory ocular surface inflammation in pediatric patients. Methods Medical records of pediatric patients who were prescribed topical 0.02% tacrolimus ointment for refractory ocular surface inflammation between January of 2010 and March of 2018 were reviewed retrospectively. Changes in ocular surface signs during slit-lamp examination, clinical symptoms and concurrent steroid use were graded with a scoring system. The presence of side effects was also assessed. The changes in disease severity and patient symptoms were compared between baseline and after the treatment. Results Among 72 patients (55% males, mean age 10.8 ± 3.9 years, range 3 to 17 years), 25 patients (48% males, mean age 11.4 ± 3.9 years) fully recovered, resulting in discontinuance of the ointment treatment before 12 months. Six patients experienced intolerable burning sensation, which required treatment cessation. Cessation days of those who quit were 1,5,14,20,26, and 35 days. Seven patients were lost during follow-up. Thirty-four patients (56% males, mean age 11.2 ± 4.2 years, range 3 to 17 years) were treated with tacrolimus ointment for over 12 months (average 23.1 ± 19.1 months, range 12 to 98 months). During the follow-up period, all patients showed improved clinical signs and symptoms, and no adverse reaction was noted. Conclusions Long-term maintenance of topical tacrolimus 0.02% ointment is safe and effective in improving refractory ocular surface inflammation in pediatric patients.

Abstract Background Stem cell transplantation has been proposed as an alternative treatment for intractable optic nerve disorders characterized by irrecoverable loss of cells. Mesenchymal stem cells, with varying tissue regeneration and recovery capabilities, are being considered for potential cell therapies. To overcome the limitations of cell therapy, we isolated exosomes from human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hPMSCs) and investigated their therapeutic effects in R28 cells (retinal precursor cells) exposed to CoCl2. Method After 9 h of exposure to CoCl2, the hypoxic damaged R28 cells were divided into the non-treatment group (CoCl2 + R28 cells) and treatment group (CoCl2 + R28 cells treated with exosome). Immunoblot analysis was performed for Pcna, Hif-1α, Vegf, Vimentin, Thy-1, Gap43, Ermn, Neuroflament, Wnt3a, β-catenin, phospo-GSK3β, Lef-1, UBA2, Skp1, βTrcp, and ubiquitin. The proteomes of each group were analyzed by liquid chromatography/tandem mass (LC-MS/MS) spectrometry. Differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were detected by label-free quantification, and the interactions of the proteins were examined through signal transduction pathway and gene ontology analysis. Result We observed that exosome could significantly recover proliferation damaged by CoCl2 treatment. In addition, the treatment group presented the decreased expression of Hif-1α protein (P

A nonquasi-static table based (NQS-TB) small-signal model was found invalid at high frequencies due to the association of capacitive couplings with base. The new model proposed is compatible with a small-signal T-model topology.