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1. When two is worse than one: The deleterious impact of multisensory stimulation on response inhibition.

Author

Kuzma Strelnikov, Mario Hervault, Lidwine Laurent, and Pascal Barone

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Multisensory facilitation is known to improve the perceptual performances and reaction times of participants in a wide range of tasks, from detection and discrimination to memorization. We asked whether a multimodal signal can similarly improve action inhibition using the stop-signal paradigm. Indeed, consistent with a crossmodal redundant signal effect that relies on multisensory neuronal integration, the threshold for initiating behavioral responses is known for being reached faster with multisensory stimuli. To evaluate whether this phenomenon also occurs for inhibition, we compared stop signals in unimodal (human faces or voices) versus audiovisual modalities in natural or degraded conditions. In contrast to the expected multisensory facilitation, we observed poorer inhibition efficiency in the audiovisual modality compared with the visual and auditory modalities. This result was corroborated by both response probabilities and stop-signal reaction times. The visual modality (faces) was the most effective. This is the first demonstration of an audiovisual impairment in the domain of perception and action. It suggests that when individuals are engaged in a high-level decisional conflict, bimodal stimulation is not processed as a simple multisensory object improving the performance but is perceived as concurrent visual and auditory information. This absence of unity increases task demand and thus impairs the ability to revise the response.

Published
2021
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2. Stimulus-specific information is represented as local activity patterns across the brain

Author

Amirouche Sadoun, Tushar Chauhan, Samir Mameri, Yi Fan Zhang, Pascal Barone, Olivier Deguine, and Kuzma Strelnikov

Subjects
fMRI, Cross-correlation, Patterns of brain activity, Free energy, Fusiform face area, Superior temporal gyrus, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Abstract

Modern neuroimaging represents three-dimensional brain activity, which varies across brain regions. It remains unknown whether activity of different brain regions has similar spatial organization to reflect similar cognitive processes. We developed a rotational cross-correlation method allowing a straightforward analysis of spatial activity patterns distributed across the brain in stimulation specific contrast images. Results of this method were verified using several statistical approaches on real and simulated random datasets. We found, for example, that the seed patterns in the fusiform face area were robustly correlated to brain regions involved in face-specific representations. These regions differed from the non-specific visual network meaning that activity structure in the brain is locally preserved in stimulus-specific regions. Our findings indicate spatially correlated perceptual representations in cerebral activity and suggest that the 3D coding of the processed information is organized using locally preserved activity patterns across the brain. More generally, our results demonstrate that information is represented and shared in the local spatial configurations of brain activity.

Published
2020
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3. Functional Reorganization of the Central Auditory System in Children with Single-Sided Deafness: A Protocol Using fNIRS

Author

Marie-Noëlle Calmels, Yohan Gallois, Mathieu Marx, Olivier Deguine, Soumia Taoui, Emma Arnaud, Kuzma Strelnikov, and Pascal Barone

Subjects
fNIRS, single-sided deafness, unilateral hearing loss, pediatrics, functional neuroimaging, plasticity, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Abstract

In children, single-sided deafness (SSD) affects the development of linguistic and social skills and can impede educational progress. These difficulties may relate to cortical changes that occur following SSD, such as reduced inter-hemispheric functional asymmetry and maladaptive brain plasticity. To investigate these neuronal changes and their evolution in children, a non-invasive technique is required that is little affected by motion artifacts. Here, we present a research protocol that uses functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to evaluate the reorganization of cortical auditory asymmetry in children with SSD; it also examines how the cortical changes relate to auditory and language skills. The protocol is designed for children whose SSD has not been treated, because hearing restoration can alter both brain reorganization and behavioral performance. We propose a single-center, cross-sectional study that includes 30 children with SSD (congenital or acquired moderate-to-profound deafness) and 30 children with normal hearing (NH), all aged 5–16 years. The children undergo fNIRS during monaural and binaural stimulation, and the pattern of cortical activity is analyzed using measures of the peak amplitude and area under the curve for both oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin. These cortical measures can be compared between the two groups of children, and analyses can be run to determine whether they relate to binaural hearing (speech-in-noise and sound localization), speech perception and production, and quality of life (QoL). The results could be of relevance for developing individualized rehabilitation programs for SSD, which could reduce patients’ difficulties and prevent long-term neurofunctional and clinical consequences.

Published
2022
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4. Stable modality-specific activity flows as reflected by the neuroenergetic approach to the FMRI weighted maps.

Author

Kuzma Strelnikov and Pascal Barone

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

This article uses the ideas of neuroenergetic and neural field theories to detect stimulation-driven energy flows in the brain during face and auditory word processing. In this analysis, energy flows are thought to create the stable gradients of the fMRI weighted summary images. The sources, from which activity spreads in the brain during face processing, were detected in the occipital cortex. The following direction of energy flows in the frontal cortex was described: the right inferior frontal = >the left inferior frontal = >the triangular part of the left inferior frontal cortex = >the left operculum. In the left operculum, a localized circuit was described. For auditory word processing, the sources of activity flows were detected bilaterally in the middle superior temporal regions, they were also detected in the left posterior superior temporal cortex. Thus, neuroenergetic assumptions may give a novel perspective for the analysis of neuroimaging data.

Published
2012
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5. Effect of audiovisual training on monaural spatial hearing in horizontal plane.

Author

Kuzma Strelnikov, Maxime Rosito, and Pascal Barone

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

The article aims to test the hypothesis that audiovisual integration can improve spatial hearing in monaural conditions when interaural difference cues are not available. We trained one group of subjects with an audiovisual task, where a flash was presented in parallel with the sound and another group in an auditory task, where only sound from different spatial locations was presented. To check whether the observed audiovisual effect was similar to feedback, the third group was trained using the visual feedback paradigm. Training sessions were administered once per day, for 5 days. The performance level in each group was compared for auditory only stimulation on the first and the last day of practice. Improvement after audiovisual training was several times higher than after auditory practice. The group trained with visual feedback demonstrated a different effect of training with the improvement smaller than the group with audiovisual training. We conclude that cross-modal facilitation is highly important to improve spatial hearing in monaural conditions and may be applied to the rehabilitation of patients with unilateral deafness and after unilateral cochlear implantation.

Published
2011
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7. Supra-normal skills in processing of visuo-auditory prosodic information by cochlear-implanted deaf patients

Author

Pascal Barone, Mathieu Marx, Kuzma Strelnikov, Anne Lasfargues-Delannoy, Olivier Deguine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Purpan (CHU Purpan), CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Hôpital Pierre-Paul Riquet [Toulouse], Centre de recherche cerveau et cognition (CERCO), Institut des sciences du cerveau de Toulouse. (ISCT), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche cerveau et cognition (CERCO UMR5549), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and BARONE, Pascal

Subjects
Auditory perception, medicine.medical_specialty, genetic structures, medicine.medical_treatment, Deafness, Audiology, Paralanguage, 050105 experimental psychology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Cochlear implant, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, medicine, Psychophysics, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Prosody, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 05 social sciences, Multisensory integration, Cochlear Implantation, Sensory Systems, Comprehension, Cochlear Implants, Acoustic Stimulation, [SCCO.PSYC] Cognitive science/Psychology, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, Speech Perception, Eye tracking, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Cochlear implanted (CI) adults with acquired deafness are known to depend on multisensory integration skills (MSI) for speech comprehension through the fusion of speech reading skills and their deficient auditory perception. But, little is known on how CI patients perceive prosodic information relating to speech content. Our study aimed to identify how CI patients use MSI between visual and auditory information to process paralinguistic prosodic information of multimodal speech and the visual strategies employed. A psychophysics assessment was developed, in which CI patients and hearing controls (NH) had to distinguish between a question and a statement. The controls were separated into two age groups (young and aged-matched) to dissociate any effect of aging. In addition, the oculomotor strategies used when facing a speaker in this prosodic decision task were recorded using an eye-tracking device and compared to controls. This study confirmed that prosodic processing is multisensory but it revealed that CI patients showed significant supra-normal audiovisual integration for prosodic information compared to hearing controls irrespective of age. This study clearly showed that CI patients had a visuo-auditory gain more than 3 times larger than that observed in hearing controls. Furthermore, CI participants performed better in the visuo-auditory situation through a specific oculomotor exploration of the face as they significantly fixate the mouth region more than young NH participants who fixate the eyes, whereas the aged-matched controls presented an intermediate exploration pattern equally reported between the eyes and mouth. To conclude, our study demonstrated that CI patients have supra-normal skills MSI when integrating visual and auditory linguistic prosodic information, and a specific adaptive strategy developed as it participates directly in speech content comprehension.

Published
2021
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8. Categorization of everyday sounds by cochlear implanted children

Author

Olivier Deguine, Kuzma Strelnikov, Pascal Gaillard, Nadine Cochard, Edward Collett, Michèle Guidetti, Pascal Barone, Aurore Berland, Octogone Unité de Recherche Interdisciplinaire (Octogone), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Advanced Bionics, Cognition, Langues, Langage, Ergonomie (CLLE), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche cerveau et cognition (CERCO), Institut des sciences du cerveau de Toulouse. (ISCT), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Hearing aid, Auditory perception, medicine.medical_specialty, Speech perception, Hearing loss, medicine.medical_treatment, media_common.quotation_subject, lcsh:Medicine, Sound perception, Audiology, Deafness, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Perception, medicine, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, Cluster Analysis, Humans, Set (psychology), Child, lcsh:Science, media_common, Principal Component Analysis, Multidisciplinary, [SHS.MUSIQ]Humanities and Social Sciences/Musicology and performing arts, Hearing Tests, lcsh:R, Cochlear Implantation, 030104 developmental biology, Sound, Categorization, Case-Control Studies, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, Auditory Perception, Voice, lcsh:Q, medicine.symptom, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Music
Abstract

International audience; Auditory categorization is an important process in the perception and understanding of everyday sounds. The use of cochlear implants (CIs) may affect auditory categorization and result in poor abilities. The current study was designed to compare how children with normal hearing (NH) and children with CIs categorize a set of everyday sounds. We tested 24 NH children and 24 children with CI on a free-sorting task of 18 everyday sounds corresponding to four a priori categories: nonlinguistic human vocalizations, environmental sounds, musical sounds, and animal vocalizations. Multiple correspondence analysis revealed considerable variation within both groups of child listeners, although the human vocalizations and musical sounds were similarly categorized. In contrast to NH children, children with CIs categorized some sounds according to their acoustic content rather than their associated semantic information. These results show that despite identification deficits, children with CIs are able to categorize environmental and vocal sounds in a similar way to NH children, and are able to use categorization as an adaptive process when dealing with everyday sounds. When an infant is identified as having profound-to-total bilateral hearing loss, the surgical implantation of coch-lear implants (CIs) is envisaged as a means of restoring his or her access to auditory information. The benefits of CIs for speech perception in children with prelingual hearing loss have been widely documented over the past three decades, resulting in an extension of prescription criteria 1,2. One of the greatest proven benefits of CIs is speech comprehension 3,4. Alongside improvements in oral language skills, speech comprehension is seen as one of the key objectives of rehabilitation with CIs. A CI does not function in the same manner as a conventional hearing aid (i.e., by contributing to the amplification of sounds). Instead, it turns sounds into trains of electrical pulses that directly stimulate the auditory nerve. This information is then relayed to the auditory centres of the brain, which in turn transform the impulses into auditory percepts. However, the auditory information provided by the implant is spectrally degraded 5 and lacks the fine spectrotemporal information that is crucial to certain aspects of speech comprehension-most notably the perception of prosodic information 6-9. This means that other aspects of auditory perception are also problematic for CI users, such as the identification and recognition of environmental and musical sounds. Development of nonlinguistic sound perception The recovery and/or development of speech comprehension is normally seen as the main goal of CI implantation. Accordingly, only limited attention has been paid to the perception of nonlinguistic sounds in CI users. For example, whilst CIs may enhance users' awareness of their immediate auditory environment 10 , a substantial deficit remains in the perception and identification of specific environmental sounds 11-13 , that is, those not classified as speech or music. This deficit has a negative impact on how CI users interact with their environment, and it is therefore important for more studies to be conducted on this topic. To our knowledge, the identification of nonlinguistic sounds by implanted adults with postlingual deafness has only been reported in a small number of studies 11-15. There have been even fewer studies among children with CIs 16,17. Furthermore, owing to a lack of standardized protocols for assessing auditory performance and the use of different evaluation procedures (open-set or closed-set identification assessments, written words or images

Published
2019
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9. Evidence of a functional reorganization in the auditory dorsal stream following unilateral hearing loss

Author

Christopher J. James, Olivier Deguine, Pascal Barone, M. Marx, Kuzma Strelnikov, Nicolas Vannson, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche cerveau et cognition (CERCO), Institut des sciences du cerveau de Toulouse. (ISCT), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], and CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]

Subjects
Male, Sound localization, medicine.medical_specialty, Dorsal/ventral auditory streams, Brain activity and meditation, Hearing loss, Cognitive Neuroscience, Auditory area, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Audiology, Hearing Loss, Unilateral, 050105 experimental psychology, 03 medical and health sciences, Behavioral Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, Hearing, Neuroimaging, medicine, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Sound Localization, Psychoacoustics, Spatial hearing, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, Hearing Tests, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, 05 social sciences, medicine.disease, Localization, Speech Perception, Female, medicine.symptom, Unilateral hearing loss, Psychology, Binaural recording, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; Unilateral hearing loss (UHL) generates a disruption of binaural hearing mechanisms, which impairs sound localization and speech understanding in noisy environments. We conducted an original study using fMRI and psychoacoustic assessments to investigate the relationships between the extent of cortical reorganization across the auditory areas for UHL patients, the severity of unilateral hearing loss, and the deficit in binaural abilities. Twenty-eight volunteers (14 UHL patients) were recruited (twenty-two females and six males). The brain imaging analysis demonstrated that UHL induces a shift in aural dominance favoring the better ear, with a cortical reorganization located in the non-primary auditory areas, ipsilateral (same side) to the better ear. This reorganization is correlated not only to the hearing loss severity but also to spatial localization abilities. A regression analysis between brain activity and patient's performance clearly showed that the spatial hearing deficit was linked to a functional alteration of the posterior auditory areas known to process spatial hearing. Altogether, our study reveals that UHL alters the dorsal auditory stream, which is deleterious to spatial hearing.

Published
2020
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10. Stimulation-specific information is represented as local activity patterns across the brain

Author

Samir Mameri, Olivier Deguine, Amirouche Sadoun, Pascal Barone, Yi Fan Zhang, Tushar Chauhan, and Kuzma Strelnikov

Subjects
Neuroimaging, Brain activity and meditation, Perception, media_common.quotation_subject, Specific-information, Cognition, Stimulation, Fusiform face area, Biology, Neuroscience, media_common, Coding (social sciences)
Abstract

Modern neuroimaging represents three-dimensional brain activity, which varies across brain regions. It remains unknown whether activity within brain regions is organized in spatial configurations to reflect perceptual and cognitive processes. We developed a rotational cross-correlation method allowing a straightforward analysis of spatial activity patterns for the precise detection of the spatially correlated distributions of brain activity. Using several statistical approaches, we found that the seed patterns in the fusiform face area were robustly correlated to brain regions involved in face-specific representations. These regions differed from the non-specific visual network meaning that activity structure in the brain is locally preserved in stimulation-specific regions. Our findings indicate spatially correlated perceptual representations in cerebral activity and suggest that the 3D coding of the processed information is organized in locally preserved activity patterns. More generally, our results provide the first demonstration that information is represented and transmitted as local spatial configurations of brain activity.

Published
2019
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11. Categorisation of natural sounds at different stages of auditory recovery in cochlear implanted adult deaf patients

Author

Kuzma Strelnikov, Edward Collett, Pascal Gaillard, Eric Truy, Olivier Deguine, Mathieu Marx, Pascal Barone, Centre de recherche cerveau et cognition (CERCO), Institut des sciences du cerveau de Toulouse. (ISCT), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cognition, Langues, Langage, Ergonomie (CLLE), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon, Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], and CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]

Subjects
[SHS.MUSIQ]Humanities and Social Sciences/Musicology and performing arts, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2018

12. Speech-in-noise perception in unilateral hearing loss: Relation to pure-tone thresholds and brainstem plasticity

Author

Pascal Barone, Christopher J. James, Kuzma Strelnikov, Olivier Deguine, Bernard Fraysse, Nicolas Vannson, Boris Lescure, M. Marx, Centre de recherche cerveau et cognition (CERCO), Institut des sciences du cerveau de Toulouse. (ISCT), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], and CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]

Subjects
Sound localization, Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Cognitive Neuroscience, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Audiology, Monaural, Functional Laterality, 03 medical and health sciences, Behavioral Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, medicine, Humans, 030223 otorhinolaryngology, Hearing Loss, Aged, Vestibular system, Neuronal Plasticity, medicine.diagnostic_test, Dichotic listening, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Auditory Threshold, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Noise, Acoustic Stimulation, Speech Perception, Audiometry, Pure-Tone, Female, Pure tone audiometry, Unilateral hearing loss, Psychology, Binaural recording, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Brain Stem
Abstract

We investigated speech recognition in noise in subjects with mild to profound levels of unilateral hearing loss. Thirty-five adults were evaluated using an adaptive signal-to-noise ratio (SNR50) sentence recognition threshold test in three spatial configurations. The results revealed a significant correlation between pure-tone average audiometric thresholds in the poorer ear and SNR thresholds in the two conditions where speech and noise were spatially separated: dichotic - with speech presented to the poorer ear and reverse dichotic - with speech presented to the better ear. This first result suggested that standard pure-tone air-conduction thresholds can be a reliable predictor of speech recognition in noise for binaural conditions. However, a subgroup of 14 subjects was found to have poorer-than-expected speech recognition scores, especially in the reverse dichotic listening condition. In this subgroup 9 subjects had been diagnosed with vestibular schwannoma at stage III or IV likely affecting the lower brainstem function. These subjects showed SNR thresholds in the reverse dichotic condition on average 4dB poorer (higher) than for the other 21 normally-performing subjects. For the 7 of 9 subjects whose vestibular schwannoma was removed, the deficit was no longer apparent on average 5 months following the surgical procedure. These results suggest that following unilateral hearing loss the capacity to use monaural spectral information is supported by the lower brainstem.

Published
2017
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13. Crossmodal interactions during non-linguistic auditory processing in cochlear-implanted deaf patients

Author

Olivier Deguine, Mathieu Marx, Bernard Fraysse, Pascal Belin, Laure Chambaudie, Kuzma Strelnikov, Pascal Barone, Centre de recherche cerveau et cognition (CERCO), Institut des sciences du cerveau de Toulouse. (ISCT), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone (INT), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and BELIN, Pascal

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, genetic structures, Cognitive Neuroscience, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Speech comprehension, Audiology, 050105 experimental psychology, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Nonverbal communication, 0302 clinical medicine, deafness, medicine, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Cochlear implantation, Aged, audiovisual, Aged, 80 and over, Communication, Social communication, Modality (human–computer interaction), Crossmodal, business.industry, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [SCCO.NEUR] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, 05 social sciences, face, voice, Middle Aged, Speech processing, cochlear implantation, Cochlear Implants, Persons With Hearing Impairments, Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology, Acoustic Stimulation, Categorization, Auditory Perception, Visual Perception, Female, business, Psychology, Photic Stimulation, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; Due to signal distortion, speech comprehension in cochlear-implanted (CI) patients relies strongly on visual information, a compensatory strategy supported by important cortical crossmodal reorganisations. Though crossmodal interactions are evident for speech processing, it is unclear whether a visual influence is observed in CI patients during non-linguistic visual-auditory processing, such as face-voice interactions, which are important in social communication. We analyse and compare visual-auditory interactions in CI patients and normal-hearing subjects (NHS) at equivalent auditory performance levels. Proficient CI patients and NHS performed a voice-gender categorisation in the visual-auditory modality from a morphing-generated voice continuum between male and female speakers, while ignoring the presentation of a male or female visual face. Our data show that during the face-voice interaction, CI deaf patients are strongly influenced by visual information when performing an auditory gender categorization task, in spite of maximum recovery of auditory speech. No such effect is observed in NHS, even in situations of CI simulation. Our hypothesis is that the functional crossmodal reorganisation that occurs in deafness could influence nonverbal processing, such as face-voice interaction; this is important for patient internal supramodal representation.

Published
2016
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14. Sensory stimulation induces tensor fields, which specifically transform brain activity

Author

Kuzma Strelnikov, Centre de recherche cerveau et cognition (CERCO), Institut des sciences du cerveau de Toulouse. (ISCT), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Adult, Male, Brain activity and meditation, Word processing, Field, Sensory system, Neuroimaging, behavioral disciplines and activities, Tensor field, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Tensor (intrinsic definition), Humans, Speech, 030304 developmental biology, Brain Mapping, 0303 health sciences, Sensory stimulation therapy, Sensory, General Neuroscience, Brain, Middle Aged, Speech processing, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Acoustic Stimulation, Tensor, Positron-Emission Tomography, Auditory Perception, Visual Perception, Female, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Psychology, Neuroscience, Photic Stimulation, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; : It was recently shown that brain activity can be represented as a stimulation-specific vector field. Since the vector field of brain activity is specifically transformed by sensory input, we suggested that a tensor field that transforms brain activity reflects sensory input. We calculated the tensor fields that transform brain activity between visual baseline and auditory word processing in PET data and between environmental sounds and auditory word processing in fMRI data. In the first comparison, significant clusters formed a distributed network over the brain cortex. In the second comparison, clusters that were more localised in the temporo-frontal network of speech processing. Our study therefore demonstrated that tensor fields reflect the sensory input that specifically transforms brain activity.

Published
2013
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15. Binaural stimulation through cochlear implants in postlingual deafness: a positron emission tomographic study of word recognition

Author

Jean-François Démonet, Elie Eter, Olivier Deguine, Pascal Barone, Julien Rouger, Kuzma Strelnikov, Sebastien Lagleyre, Bernard Fraysse, Centre de recherche cerveau et cognition (CERCO), Institut des sciences du cerveau de Toulouse. (ISCT), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service d'anatomie et cytologie pathologiques [Purpan], Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Imagerie cérébrale et handicaps neurologiques (ICHN), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)

Subjects
Adult, Male, Cerebellum, medicine.medical_specialty, Hearing loss, Brain activity and meditation, Binaural, Hearing Loss, Sensorineural, Stimulation, Monaural, Audiology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, Humans, Speech, 030223 otorhinolaryngology, Radionuclide Imaging, Aged, Temporal cortex, business.industry, Brain, Middle Aged, Bilateral, Sensory Systems, Temporal Lobe, Cochlear implantation, medicine.anatomical_structure, Cochlear Implants, Otorhinolaryngology, Acoustic Stimulation, Word recognition, Speech Perception, Female, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, business, Binaural recording, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; HYPOTHESIS: : Bilateral stimulation through cochlear implants induces a brain activity pattern closer to the normal one than unilateral stimulation. BACKGROUND: : Although it has been shown that speech comprehension through bilateral cochlear implants leads to better performances than after unilateral implantation, the existence of neural underpinnings of this improvement remains to be studied. METHODS: : We performed an H2O positron emission tomographic study of word recognition in 5 patients with bilateral cochlear implants and 5 normal-hearing controls. Subjects had to distinguish words from nonwords in binaural and monaural conditions. RESULTS: : There was no overactivation in patients for binaural stimulation, with a hypoactivation in the right temporal cortex. For monaural stimulation, patients demonstrated more activation contralaterally to the stimulation side in the posterior temporal cortex and in the cerebellum. CONCLUSION: : Binaural stimulation through cochlear implants is advantageous compared with the monaural at the neurofunctional level because the pattern of brain activity is closer to the normal one.

Published
2011
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16. Sex-dependent modulation of activity in the neural networks engaged during emotional speech comprehension

Author

Kuzma Strelnikov, Nathalie Tzourio-Mazoyer, Fabrice Crivello, Bernard Mazoyer, Virginie Beaucousin, Pierre-Yves Hervé, Laure Zago, Groupe d'Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle (GIN - UMR 5296), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Service NEUROSPIN (NEUROSPIN), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratoire de Psychopathologie et Neuropsychologie (LPN), Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8), Centre de recherche cerveau et cognition (CERCO), Institut des sciences du cerveau de Toulouse. (ISCT), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Service NEUROSPIN (NEUROSPIN), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut des sciences du cerveau de Toulouse. (ISCT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Groupe d'Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle ( GIN - UMR 5296 ), Service NEUROSPIN ( NEUROSPIN ), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) ( DRF (CEA) ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) ( DRF (CEA) ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Université de Bordeaux ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Psychopathologie et Neuropsychologie [saint-Denis] ( LPN ), Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis ( UP8 ), Centre de recherche cerveau et cognition ( CERCO ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier ( UPS ), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut Universitaire de France ( IUF ), Ministère de l'Éducation nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche ( M.E.N.E.S.R. ), Laboratoire de Psychopathologie et Neuropsychologie [saint-Denis] (LPN), Université Paris 8, Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8), Groupe d'imagerie neuro-fonctionnelle (GINF), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) - Université de Caen Basse-Normandie - Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 (UPS) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Caen - Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, Ministère de l'Éducation nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Adult, Male, Emotions, 050105 experimental psychology, Developmental psychology, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Event-related potential, Sex differences, medicine, Emotional prosody, Semantic memory, Humans, Speech, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Prosody, Molecular Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Emotion, Sex Characteristics, medicine.diagnostic_test, General Neuroscience, 05 social sciences, fMRI, Speech processing, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Functional imaging, Acoustic Stimulation, [ SDV.NEU ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Speech Perception, Female, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Neurology (clinical), Nerve Net, Psychology, Functional magnetic resonance imaging, Comprehension, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Sentence, Developmental Biology, Cognitive psychology
Abstract

International audience; Studies using event related potentials have shown that men are more likely than women to rely on semantic cues when understanding emotional speech. In a previous functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) study, using an affective sentence classification task, we were able to separate areas involved in semantic processing and areas involved in the processing of affective prosody (Beaucousin et al., 2007). Here we searched for sex-related differences in the neural networks active during emotional speech processing in groups of men and women. The ortholinguistic abilities of the participants did not differ when evaluated with a large battery of tests. Although the neural networks engaged by men and women during emotional sentence classification were largely overlapping, sex-dependent modulations were detected during emotional sentence classification, but not during grammatical sentence classification. Greater activity was observed in men, compared with women, in inferior frontal cortical areas involved in emotional labeling and in attentional areas. In conclusion, at equivalent linguistic abilities and performances, men activate semantic and attentional cortical areas to a larger extent than women during emotional speech processing.

Published
2011
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17. Effects of vocoding and intelligibility on the cerebral response to speech

Author

Kuzma Strelnikov, Pascal Belin, Pascal Barone, Zoé Massida, Julien Rouger, Centre de recherche cerveau et cognition (CERCO), Institut des sciences du cerveau de Toulouse. (ISCT), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Psychology, and University of Glasgow

Subjects
Adult, Male, Speech perception, environmental sounds, Speech recognition, speech, brain, Intelligibility (communication), computer.software_genre, Auditory cortex, Speech Acoustics, Temporal lobe, lcsh:RC321-571, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, Humans, Active listening, Audio signal processing, Dominance, Cerebral, lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, 030304 developmental biology, Auditory Cortex, 0303 health sciences, vocoder, medicine.diagnostic_test, General Neuroscience, lcsh:QP351-495, Speech Intelligibility, voice, Temporal Lobe, lcsh:Neurophysiology and neuropsychology, Speech Perception, Female, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Audiometry, Nerve Net, Psychology, Audiometry, Speech, computer, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Research Article
Abstract

Background Degrading speech through an electronic synthesis technique called vocoding has been shown to affect cerebral processing of speech in several cortical areas. However, it is not clear whether the effects of speech degradation by vocoding are related to acoustical degradation or by the associated loss in intelligibility. Using vocoding and a parametric variation of the number of frequency bands used for the encoding, we investigated the effects of the degradation of auditory spectral content on cerebral processing of intelligible speech (words), unintelligible speech (words in a foreign language), and complex environmental sounds. Results Vocoding was found to decrease activity to a comparable degree for intelligible and unintelligible speech in most of the temporal lobe. Only the bilateral posterior temporal areas showed a significant interaction between vocoding and intelligibility, with a stronger vocoding-induced decrease in activity for intelligible speech. Comparisons to responses elicited by environmental sounds showed that portions of the temporal voice areas (TVA) retained their greater responses to voice even under adverse listening conditions. The recruitment of specific networks in temporal regions during exposure to degraded speech follows a radial and anterior-posterior topography compared to the networks recruited by exposure to speech that is not degraded. Conclusions Different brain networks are involved in vocoded sound processing of intelligible speech, unintelligible speech, and non-vocal sounds. The greatest differences are between speech and environmental sounds, which could be related to the distinctive temporal structure of speech sounds.

Published
2011
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18. Effects of prosodic familiarity on the automatic processing of words in the human brain

Author

Kuzma Strelnikov, Minna Huotilainen, Risto Näätänen, Sari Ylinen, Cognitive Brain Research Unit, Centre de recherche cerveau et cognition (CERCO), Institut des sciences du cerveau de Toulouse. (ISCT), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Adult, Male, Time Factors, Speech prosody, Word processing, Mismatch negativity, Contingent Negative Variation, Vocabulary, behavioral disciplines and activities, Event-related potential (ERP), 050105 experimental psychology, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Word stress, Physiology (medical), Stress (linguistics), Reaction Time, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Prosody, Brain Mapping, Communication, business.industry, General Neuroscience, 05 social sciences, Information processing, Intonation (linguistics), Brain, Electroencephalography, Recognition, Psychology, Familiarity, Speech processing, Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology, Acoustic Stimulation, Word recognition, Female, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Psychology, business, Mismatch negativity (MMN), Stress, Psychological, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, psychological phenomena and processes, Cognitive psychology
Abstract

International audience; We aimed to determine the effect of prosodic familiarity on automatic word processing in the brain by comparing the mismatch negativity (MMN) components of the event-related brain potential (ERP) elicited by words and pseudowords with familiar and unfamiliar stress patterns. The results show that the MMN was elicited by a change from unfamiliar to familiar words and a change from a familiar to an unfamiliar word-stress pattern.When familiar words were accompanied by an unfamiliar stress pattern, the MMN response was significantly delayed in comparison with the familiar words with a familiar stress pattern, suggesting that an unfamiliar prosodic pattern increased the computational needs in word recognition but did not prevent it. In addition to the effects of familiarity on the MMN, we found a positive brain response peaking between 100 and 200 ms that could be associated with the processing of familiar auditory objects. The present results expand the understanding of the early stages of speech processing in the human brain by demonstrating how automatic word processing is affected by prosodic cues that play an important role in the segmentation of continuous speech.

Published
2009
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19. Activation-verification in continuous speech processing: Interaction of cognitive strategies as a possible theoretical approach

Author

Kuzma Strelnikov, Centre de recherche cerveau et cognition (CERCO), Institut des sciences du cerveau de Toulouse. (ISCT), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Marlot, Catherine

Subjects
Linguistics and Language, Cognitive Neuroscience, Speech recognition, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, 050105 experimental psychology, Cognitive strategy, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Rule-based machine translation, Functional asymmetry, Neurolinguistics, Functional neuroimaging, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Basis (linear algebra), business.industry, 05 social sciences, Cognition, Modular design, Speech processing, Continuous speech, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], business, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; This article presents an activation–verification approach to the problem of continuous speech processing in the brain. The presented model consists of two streams of processing: sequential and parallel. The sequential stream is strictly modular; the parallel stream is highly interactive and creates predictive coding variants based on initially missing linguistic information. The parallel stream predictions are incrementally verified, accepted, or rejected on the basis of the actual linguistic information perceived by the sequential stream. In this model, the brain's continuous speech processing, regarded as a whole, remains uninterrupted due to the functioning of the parallel stream. We discuss the possible application of the model to the problem of hemispheric asymmetry as reflected by studies of brain lesions and functional neuroimaging.

Published
2008

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