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Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate various prognostic factors and their impact on the outcome of patients with bifrontal brain contusions and to define the critical volume of bifrontal brain contusions and to advice early surgery

Background: The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), first recognised in Wuhan City, China, has spread rapidly around the world. As a result, record numbers of students are not attending University due to temporary closures mandated by governments in an attempt to reduce the number of cases. The COVID-19 outbreak has created challenges for academics and students in the process of adapting to online teaching and learning. Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of bioscience academics during the COVID-19 pandemic in June 2020. Design and methods: Perspectives from academics across eight countries (Brazil, Georgia, Indonesia, Nigeria, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka, UK and USA) were included giving a global insight into the phenomena. A descriptive multiple case study approach was used with each academic in their context as the case. Thematic content analysis was used to analyse data, which enabled themes to emerge. Results and Conclusions: Three major themes emerged from the experiences of the participants: (1) teaching methods, (2) emotions, and (3) support networks. Our results suggest there have been both benefits and challenges to the change in teaching methods and this is reflected in similarities across the case studies. One key finding was that both students and staff need to be better trained to use online platforms, and adequate peer support and technical support must be given to improve program effectiveness. The results of this study have contributed new information on teaching and learning throughout the pandemic and can be used as a platform for further research and also as a reflection for those making high-level decisions in policy in education in these interesting times.

Because of high density, low heat input LBW is an efficient welding Technique in industries and it offers low distortion. Numerical simulation provides the temperature field and weld pool size, which minimize the cost and trial experiments. A CFD model is developed to perform numerical simulation of pulsed laser beam on Ti-6Al-4V alloy of thickness 2mm.Taguchi adopted L9 OA to minimize number of numerical simulations. The ANOVA gives the effect and contribution of each process parameters such as pulse frequency(A), pulse width(B), absorber power(C) and welding speed(D) on performance indicators bead width(α), depth of penetration(β), Heat affected zone(γ)and maximum temperature(δ) are studied. Numerical simulations are validated through comparison of existing test by pulsed mode. A simple reliable modified Taguchi approach is followed to get a set of optimal LBW parameters for maximum DP and minimum BW.

This paper deals with pulsed mode laser beam welding (LBW) on 2 mm thick Ti-6Al-4V alloy sheets. ANSYS Fluent 16.0 version is utilized to develop a generic model with Vc++ code. The model is validated with test results. The optimal LBW parameters are obtained by maximizing the depth of penetration (DP) and minimizing the weld bead width (BW). To minimise the number of numerical simulations, Taguchi approach is adopted. The LBW parameters considered are pulse frequency, pulse width and welding speed, the absorbed power is kept as constant. The performance indicators are width of fusion zone, depth of penetration, heat affected zone and maximum temperature. The optimal LBW parameters are found to be dependent on the process indicators. A simple reliable modified Taguchi approach is followed to get a set of optimal LBW parameters for maximum DP and minimum BW.

This research thoroughly examines the effectiveness of several metaheuristic algorithms in optimizing the dimensions of renewable energy systems in smart grids. It focuses on the urgent need for sustainable and efficient integration of energy. This study examines several optimization strategies by analyzing simulated datasets that represent renewable energy production profiles, energy consumption patterns, and battery storage performance. The data illustrates variations in the availability of renewable energy, with solar energy fluctuating between 500 kWh and 600 kWh, wind energy ranging from 280 kWh to 320 kWh, and hydro energy varying from 180 kWh to 220 kWh. Moreover, energy consumption patterns remain stable sectors, with throughout consumption levels ranging from 400 kWh to 430 kWh, 450 kWh to 480 kWh, and 600 kWh to 630 kWh, respectively. The examination of battery storage performance indicates that the charging efficiency ranges from 90% to 94% and the discharging efficiency ranges from 85% to 89%. Additionally, the depth of discharge ranges from 80% to 84% and the cycle life spans from 2000 cycles to 2400 cycles. By using several metaheuristic algorithms, the research produces a wide range of ideal size arrangements for solar panels, wind turbines, hydro turbines, and battery capacity. These suggested solutions exhibit variances that span from 3.23% to 20%. The results highlight the susceptibility of these algorithms to optimization goals, underlining the need of selecting appropriate algorithms that align with particular limitations and aims. The study's results illuminate the potential of metaheuristic algorithms in attaining effective and sustainable integration of renewable energy systems inside smart grids. This paves the path for informed decision-making and future developments in renewable energy management methods.

Background: Understanding the complex relationship between soil characteristics and crop production is crucial for sustainable agriculture practices. Soil physicochemical properties such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), organic matter (OM) and nutrient content (e.g., NPK) significantly influence crop yield. Additionally, the application of straw mulch can impact soil moisture retention, there by affecting crop growth and productivity. Intercropping system offers potential advantages in terms of water use efficiency (WUE) and productivity compared to monoculture system. Methods: The experiment was conducted using a randomised block design (RBD) with three replications. The study included six treatments with different cropping system: T1 = Monoculture soybean(planting size 30×10 cm), T2 = Monoculture maize (planting size 45×15 cm),T3 = Maize + soybean (2:2) line sown,T4 = Maize intercropping with soybean (2:2) + wheat straw (5 tha-1), T5 = Maize intercropping with soybean (2:2) + maize straw (5 tha-1), T6 = Maize intercropping with soybean (2:2) + mustard straw (5 tha-1). Result: Water use efficiency (WUE) varied among treatments, with the highest WUE (9.44) observed in application of maize straw mulch 5t ha-1, indicating 42.57% increases compared to monoculture maize and 42.17% increases compared to monoculture soybean cultivation. Similarly, superior grain yield (19.30 q ha-1), pod yield (16.29 q ha-1), intercrop yield (35.59 q ha-1), maximum maize equivalent yield (54.33 q ha-1) when comparing the results with and without straw mulch applied to maize and soybean crops. Maize and soybean intercropping system demonstrated superior land utilization efficiency (LER:1.04 to 1.24) and productivity metrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Face recognition is one of the applications in image processing that recognizes or checks an individual's identity. 2D images are used to identify the face, but the problem is that this kind of image is very sensitive to changes in lighting and various angles of view. The images captured by 3D camera and stereo camera can also be used for recognition, but fairly long processing times is needed. RGB-D images that Kinect produces are used as a new alternative approach to 3D images. Such cameras cost less and can be used in any situation and any environment. This paper shows the face recognition algorithms’ performance using RGB-D images. These algorithms calculate the descriptor which uses RGB and Depth map faces based on local binary pattern. Those images are also tested for the fusion of LBP and DCT methods. The fusion of LBP and DCT approach produces a recognition rate of 97.5% during the experiment.

The electrochemical coupling of C and N has sparked considerable research attention, heralded as a capable method to curb carbon and nitrogen emissions while concurrently storing surplus renewable electricity in valuable chemical compounds such as urea, amides, and amines. Electrocatalytic urea synthesis via a C–N coupling reaction (CNCR) comprises the electroreduction of CO2 alongside the coreduction of various inorganic nitrogen sources (NO3−, NO2−, N2, and NO). However, the main hurdles for this electrochemical C–N coupling are the inert nature of the involved molecules and the prevalence of competing side reactions. This review comprehensively examines recent advancements in electrocatalytic C–N coupling, emphasizing the various mechanistic pathways involved in urea production, including the CO2 reduction and NO3 reduction reaction. Additionally, electrochemical key performance parameters and future advancement directions for electrocatalytic urea production are discussed. The electrochemical CNCR accomplishes effective resource use and delivers direction and reference for molecular coupling reactions. The insights gleaned from these observations may illuminate the development of effective catalysts in forthcoming research and expand the potential applications in green urea production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to introduce the k-Mersenne and k-Mersenne-Lucas octonions. We investigate the algebraic properties of these octonions in closed form and give some well-known identities like Catalan identity, d’Ocagne identity, Simson identity, etc. Moreover, we present various generating functions and partial sum formulae for these octonions. Lastly, we study the combined identities and matrix representation for these octonions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today, it is typical to need to identify and validate a person in order to use a safe box, operate a vehicle, access a bank account via an ATM, or carry out other operations that call for the protection of personal information. The accuracy and dependability of traditional methods, such as ID card verification or signature, are lacking. The systems in use at these places must be rapid and dependable. The usage of ATMs, which allow users to conveniently exchange banknotes, is now met with a new challenge: guaranteeing that users can maintain a valid identification. Customers are experiencing financial losses as a result of the increase in criminal cases brought about by antiquated ATM identification procedures. Our system’s main objective is to improve the usability and security of online transactions. Today, the application of biometric technologies is expanding swiftly. Biometrics is used for personal identification. Here, we are allowing user’s access to an ATM by means of a biometric fingerprint scanner. The Bank enters a fingerprint’s information into a database during the enrolment procedure. The bank provides authentication to the customer, which they can use to conduct transactions. If a fingerprint match in the database occurs, transactions take place. The transaction will be cancelled if, following verification, the fingerprint does not match. The user of a fingerprint-based ATM machine can conduct secure transactions.

Novel imidazopyridines hydrazine conjugates were designed and synthesized for their anti‐tubercular (anti‐TB) activity. A cytotoxicity assay was conducted with Vero cells to determine the safety profile of the most effective compounds. It was found that compound (IA3) (MIC=0.78 μM) and (IA8) (MIC=1.12 μM) were nearly 3.7 and 2.5 times more active than pyrazinamide. Based on Density functional theory (DFT), these molecules exhibited better charge transfer between molecular orbital's, which made them suitable for biological applications. Molecular docking on Mycobacterium tuberculosis InhA bound to NITD‐916 (PDB: 4R9S) revealed that compounds possessed greater binding affinity towards proteins. In addition, the most active anti‐TB compounds (IA3) and (IA8) exhibited high levels of interaction with the target protein and exceptional safety profile, suggesting they may prove to be effective leads for new drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Extreme phenotypes carried on by transgressive segregation are, moreover, heritably stable in contrast to heterosis. It has been hypothesized that the development of extreme or "transgressive" traits in segregating hybrid populations assists in the adaptive divergence of hybrid taxa. The investigation on French bean was experimented to evaluate transgressive segregants generated in the F2 generation for yield and related traits. Methods: The present study on French bean was conducted during rabi 2019 to 2022 to elicit data on transgressive segregants produced for yield and related traits in F2 generation. Fertile F1 hybrids were developed from three crosses: IC 632961 × Arka Sukomal, IC 632961 × Arka Arjun and Arka Arjun × IC 63296. Heterosis was estimated for yield and related traits in these hybrids. The F2 progeny were evaluated in open field condition. Mean, standard deviation and percentage of transgressive segregants were estimated for quantitative traits under investigation. Result: Transgressive segregants were observed in all three crosses, with the highest number of transgressive segregants for yield traits found in the progeny of the cross IC 632961 × Arka Sukomal. The identification and isolation of such transgressive segregants indicate that the parents possess favourable alleles and genes governing the traits of interest, which can be consolidated into a single or a few genotypes through stringent selection. Superior and desirable transgressive segregants were observed for all sixteen yield and its component traits, except for leaf length, in the two cross combinations Arka Arjun × IC 632961 and IC 632961 × Arka Arjun. The highest percentage of transgressive segregation was observed for the number of inflorescences per plant (79.49%), followed by the number of pods per plant (78.46%) and pod yield per plant (75.61%) in the F2 generation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Embarking on the exploration of integrating environmental sustainability principles and neutrosophic fuzzy theory in inventory management, this study aims to effectively tackle shortages. It underscores the vital balance between economic efficiency and ecological responsibility in contemporary inventory management practices. Neutrosophic fuzzy theory emerges as a robust tool for navigating the inherent uncertainties in inventory optimization, offering a versatile framework for modelling intricate problems. Strategies for optimizing resource consumption and minimizing waste generation within inventory management are scrutinized, emphasizing the imperative of harmonizing economic objectives with environmental concerns. Introducing a novel framework that melds neutrosophic fuzzy with environmental metrics, the research aims to optimize inventory management processes while mitigating environmental impacts. Furthermore, it delves into the challenges of managing energy consumption, advocating for innovative approaches to address fluctuating energy prices, data limitations, and evolving regulatory requirements. Neutrosophic sets are introduced for energy consumption analysis and cost evaluation, showcasing their efficacy in managing uncertainty and variability in real-world scenarios. The study concludes with a Python-based analysis of neutrosophic mean in energy consumption, offering insights into central tendencies and uncertainties associated with energy-related costs. Utilizing visualization techniques to enhance comprehension and decision-making in energy management, this research contributes to advancing inventory management practices by integrating environmental sustainability principles and sophisticated mathematical techniques, thereby fostering more resilient and sustainable supply chain operations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study presents an approach for precisely determining the stretching vibrational frequencies of the P-Cl bond in phosphorus trichloride (PCl3) using a vibrational Hamiltonian framework that maintains the C3v symmetry point group. Our methodology enables the accurate prediction of vibrational frequencies up to the fifth overtone. It identifies related combination bands, marking a significant advancement in vibrational spectroscopy and molecular modelling. By enhancing the accuracy and depth of our understanding of molecular vibrations, this research paves the way for developing more sophisticated computational models, thereby significantly improving the precision of chemical analyses, and contributing to the broader field of chemical physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate various prognostic factors and their impact on the outcome of patients with bifrontal brain contusions and to define the critical volume of bifrontal brain contusions and to advice early surgery Materials and Methods This is a prospective study performed with 250 patients admitted in a tertiary care hospital in Chennai. Observations and Results In this study, we have studied the various findings in computed tomography (CT) scan brain that haves influence over the outcome. These are: Bilateral squashing of frontal horn, Posterior shift of genu, The deformation of third ventricle, The complete obliteration of basal cisterns, 5. Development of delayed intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). All these factors are associated with worst outcome and in patients those developed delayed increase in contusion volume, the median volume of contusion at the admission time ranged from 22 to 32 mL and the mean being 27 mL, we recommend prophylactic surgery in this subset of patients to prevent them from developing rapid deterioration in Glasgow coma scale (GCS) due to delayed ICH. Conclusion Critical volume of bilateral frontal contusion that warrants prophylactic surgical intervention irrespective of the admission GCS is 27 mL. Younger age and good admission GCS are independent predictors for better outcome. Patients with volume of contusion more than 50 mL are always associated with unfavorable outcome. Bilateral frontal horn squashing, anteroposterior shift of genu of corpus callosum, deformation of third ventricle, and obliteration of basal cisterns are CT predictors for poor outcome in bifrontal brain contusions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we introduce the concepts of MBJ-Neutrosophic WI-ideal and MBJ-Neutrosophic lattice ideal of lattice Wajsberg algebras. We demonstrate that every MBJ-Neutrosophic WI-ideal of lattice Wajsberg algebra is an MBJ-Neutrosophic lattice ideal of lattice Wajsberg algebra. Additionally, we talk about its opposite. Furthermore, we discover that in lattice H-Wajsberg algebra, every MBJ-Neutrosophic lattice ideal is an MBJ-Neutrosophic WI-ideal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]