Search

High tilt angle (45 °) ferroelectric liquid crystal (F L C) in surface stabilized geometry, having no chiral smectic A (S m A ∗) phase, has been studied for the reorientation of the smectic layers near the transition temperature (T c). The electro-optical studies have shown the stripe domain formation in which the liquid crystal molecules are aligned along the rubbing direction, but the smectic layers are tilted away from the rubbing direction at room temperature. In such high tilt angle F L C s , the molecular alignment and smectic layer formation start from bottom and top rubbed grooves at T c. The domain formation of the FLC takes place in the middle of the top and bottom surfaces due to the frustration of the dipolar interaction. The smectic layer switching is observed by optical microscopy and confirmed by the dielectric spectroscopy method near T c of S m C ∗ and chiral nematic phases. Domain switching has shown a larger switching angle than the molecular tilt angle within the smectic layer. These studies are expected to be significant for understanding the smectic layer structure and the domain switching process, which may pave the way for large optical switching devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, Charge Plasma Nanowire Tunnel Field Effect Transistor based sensor is proposed for the recognition of Oxygen (O2) gas molecules by means of a Silicon Germanium (Si1-xGex) sourced device abbreviated as SiGe-CP-NW-TFET. The electrical performances of SiGe-CP-NW-TFET have been compared with the conventional Charge Plasma Nanowire Tunnel Field Effect Transistor (CP-NW-TFET). The parameters measured for comparison are ION, IOFF, ION/IOFF, Subthreshold slope (SS), and threshold voltage (Vt). The proposed SiGe-CP-NW-TFET has better electrical performance as compared to Si-CP-NW-TFET. Further, the device characteristics such as electric potential, electric field, charge carriers, and energy band diagram of both the devices have also been compared. The fundamental physics of the proposed sensor is also explored from a comprehensive electrostatic study of the tunnelling junction in the context of gas molecule adsorption. The influence of device constraints of the proposed SiGe-CP-NW-TFET on the electrical performance indicators has also been studied. The device parameters e.g. oxide thickness, extended gate length, silicon film thickness, and molar concentration of SiGe at the source side are considered. The impact of oxide thickness, extended gate length, the radius of NW, and the concentration of SiGe (molar) at the source side have been analysed on the sensitivity of the O2 gas sensor. The presented Oxygen gas sensor has an ION/IOFF ratio of 3.65 × 107 and a subthreshold slope of 58.23 mV/decade. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Plants enhance a space's aesthetics and benefit numerous human health and well-being. Indoor plants improve air quality around residential areas by reducing pollutants, increasing humidity levels, and regulating temperature. These plants also reduce stress and anxiety, improve mood, and boost work productivity. Hydroponics, a soilless technique for indoor gardening, can further enhance the transpiration and photosynthesis rates, improving air temperature and humidity. These plants serve as organic air filters that efficiently remove contaminants, including those that can spread viruses like SARS-CoV-2. The presence of indoor plants in indoor environments is linked to improved mental and physical health, making it cost-effective for improving indoor environmental quality. The present review discusses the benefits of incorporating indoor and gardening plants in available indoor or residential spaces, which have been discussed for human well-being and environmental sustainability using previous supporting studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

India’s intended nationally determined contribution emission which is safe, smart and sustainable green transportation network. Azadpur Mandi which is known for the biggest selling place of fruits and vegetable in Delhi is becoming a place of very heavy traffic area zone. People who are living nearby and the people coming to Azadpur Mandi facing a lot of traffic and also because of no proper direction hinted there people are not able to reach their destination on time. This paper assesses urban traffic congestions and its impact on the daily life of stakeholders and also advocates some possible solutions. In this research found results the number of vehicles has increased in the last ten to fifteen years. The total number of categorised vehicle has also increased. Azadpur Mandi has impacted the land value of the surroundings. The road infrastructure is not sufficient to cater to the traffic volume of this area. The number of lanes in this area is less. This paper outlines the problems of traffic congestion in Asia’s largest sabji (Vegetable) Mandi by using statistical tools. There are very few parking lots inside and outside of the Mandi. This paper investigates the goal 11 of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Goal 11 says to make cities safe, resilience, sustainable. According to the Delhi Traffic police, Azadpur is one of the most accident-prone hotspots of Delhi.

Byline: Bharat. Shukla, Deepak. Malviya, Sumit. Kumar, Shilpi. Misra, Suraj. Kumar, Samiksha. Parashar Background and Aims: An objective understanding of pain guides the effectiveness of various postoperative pain management strategies. [...]