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Study objective: The indications for head computed tomography (CT) in the management of patients with syncope are unclear. In this study, clinical data from syncope patients were analyzed to identify the factors related to positive CT findings (hemorrhagic stroke). Methods: This study was a retrospective, single-medicalcenter analysis, conducted in the emergency department of a community hospital. Ninety-seven patients with syncope were included. Their clinical data were collected from their medical records. A logistic regression analysis was used to examine the positive head CT results. Results: Of these patients, 5% showed hemorrhagic stroke on CT. Diastolic blood pressure was significantly related factor to positive head CT (p=0.010). Conclusions: Diastolic blood pressure might be a factor indicating the need for head CT in syncope patients. A large prospective cohort study of the head CT protocol is required to confirm this result. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Early prediction of the neurological outcomes of patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is important to select the optimal clinical management. We hypothesized that clinical data recorded at the site of cardiopulmonary resuscitation would be clinically useful., Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients with return of spontaneous circulation after cardiopulmonary resuscitation who were admitted to our university hospital between January 2000 and November 2013 or two affiliated hospitals between January 2006 and November 2013. Clinical parameters recorded on arrival included age (A), arterial blood pH (B), time from cardiopulmonary resuscitation to return of spontaneous circulation (C), pupil diameter (D), and initial rhythm (E). Glasgow Outcome Scale was recorded at 6 months and a favorable neurological outcome was defined as a score of 4-5 on the Glasgow Outcome Scale. Multiple logistic regression analysis was carried out to derive a formula to predict neurological outcomes based on basic clinical parameters., Results: The regression equation was derived using a teaching dataset (total, n  = 477; favourable outcome, n  = 55): EP = 1/(1 + e - x ), where EP is the estimated probability of having a favorable outcome, and x  = (-0.023 × A) + (3.296 × B) - (0.070 × C) - (1.006 × D) + (2.426 × E) - 19.489. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 80%, 92%, and 90%, respectively, for the validation dataset (total, n  = 201; favourable outcome, n  = 25)., Conclusion: The 6-month neurological outcomes can be predicted in patients resuscitated from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest using clinical parameters that can be easily recorded at the site of cardiopulmonary resuscitation.