18 results on '"Kramer Z"'
Search Results
2. Magnetic pulse compression for a copper vapour laser.
- Author
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Nehmadi, M, Kramer, Z, Ifrah, Y, and Miron, E
- Published
- 1989
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3. 13-cis-retinoic acid in the treatment of elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia. A phase II pilot study of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group.
- Author
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Kramer, Zachary B., Boros, Laszlo, Wiernik, Peter H., Andersen, Janet, Bennett, John M., Cassileth, Peter, Oken, Martin, Kramer, Z B, Boros, L, Wiernik, P H, Andersen, J, Bennett, J M, Cassileth, P, and Oken, M
- Published
- 1991
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4. Symptomatic renal metastasis from testicular cancer.
- Author
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Kramer, Zachary B., Smith, Brian D., Kramer, Z B, and Smith, B D
- Published
- 1993
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5. The Spectrum of Duodenal Histologic Findings in Patients With Trisomy 21: A Multicenter Study.
- Author
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Alexander E, Stahl M, Weaver A, Devara J, Fahey LM, Singh A, Leonard MM, Weisbrod V, Shull M, Silvester J, Kramer Z, Kerzner B, Liu E, and Absah I
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- Humans, Adult, Retrospective Studies, Duodenum pathology, Biopsy, Intestinal Mucosa pathology, Down Syndrome complications, Celiac Disease diagnosis
- Abstract
Objectives: Patients with Trisomy 21 (T21) commonly have gastrointestinal symptoms and diseases that prompt evaluation with esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). Our objective is to characterize duodenal histological abnormalities in these patients when undergoing EGD. A secondary aim is to explore associations of histologic findings with different therapies., Methods: Patients 30 years old or younger with T21 who underwent EGD from 2000 to 2020 at 6 hospitals were included in this retrospective cohort study. Duodenal biopsies were categorized based on reported histopathology findings as normal or abnormal. Abnormal pathology reports were reviewed and categorized into villous atrophy (VA) and duodenitis without VA. The VA group was further categorized based on the presence or absence of celiac disease (CD)., Results: We identified 836 patients with T21 who underwent EGD, 419 (50.1%) of whom had duodenal histologic abnormalities. At the time of the first (index) abnormal duodenal biopsy, 290 of 419 had VA and of those, 172 of 290 met CD diagnostic criteria, while 118 of 290 did not meet CD criteria (nonspecific VA). Among the patients with an abnormal biopsy, acid suppression at the time of the index biopsy was less common in patients with VA-CD compared to patients without VA or patients with nonspecific VA (12.2% vs 45.7% vs 44.9%)., Conclusions: Half of the T21 patients in this cohort had abnormal duodenal biopsies including a subgroup with nonspecific VA. In this cohort, acid suppression use was more prevalent in patients with abnormalities other than CD., (Copyright © 2023 by European Society for European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition and North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition.)
- Published
- 2023
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6. Author Correction: A single-cell atlas of human and mouse white adipose tissue.
- Author
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Emont MP, Jacobs C, Essene AL, Pant D, Tenen D, Colleluori G, Di Vincenzo A, Jørgensen AM, Dashti H, Stefek A, McGonagle E, Strobel S, Laber S, Agrawal S, Westcott GP, Kar A, Veregge ML, Gulko A, Srinivasan H, Kramer Z, De Filippis E, Merkel E, Ducie J, Boyd CG, Gourash W, Courcoulas A, Lin SJ, Lee BT, Morris D, Tobias A, Khera AV, Claussnitzer M, Pers TH, Giordano A, Ashenberg O, Regev A, Tsai LT, and Rosen ED
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- 2023
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7. Acute Ankle Sprains.
- Author
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Kramer Z, Woo Lee Y, and Sherrick R
- Subjects
- Humans, Ankle Injuries diagnosis, Ankle Injuries surgery, Sprains and Strains diagnosis, Sprains and Strains therapy
- Abstract
Understanding the types of ankle sprains is essential in determining the most appropriate treatment and preventing substantial missed time from sports. Commonly known and recognized is an acute lateral ankle sprain, however, a differentiation should also be made to understand high (syndesmotic) ankle sprains as the mechanism of injury and recovery periods differ between these two types., Competing Interests: Disclosure The authors have nothing to disclose., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2023
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8. A single-nucleus and spatial transcriptomic atlas of the COVID-19 liver reveals topological, functional, and regenerative organ disruption in patients.
- Author
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Pita-Juarez Y, Karagkouni D, Kalavros N, Melms JC, Niezen S, Delorey TM, Essene AL, Brook OR, Pant D, Skelton-Badlani D, Naderi P, Huang P, Pan L, Hether T, Andrews TS, Ziegler CGK, Reeves J, Myloserdnyy A, Chen R, Nam A, Phelan S, Liang Y, Amin AD, Biermann J, Hibshoosh H, Veregge M, Kramer Z, Jacobs C, Yalcin Y, Phillips D, Slyper M, Subramanian A, Ashenberg O, Bloom-Ackermann Z, Tran VM, Gomez J, Sturm A, Zhang S, Fleming SJ, Warren S, Beechem J, Hung D, Babadi M, Padera RF Jr, MacParland SA, Bader GD, Imad N, Solomon IH, Miller E, Riedel S, Porter CBM, Villani AC, Tsai LT, Hide W, Szabo G, Hecht J, Rozenblatt-Rosen O, Shalek AK, Izar B, Regev A, Popov Y, Jiang ZG, and Vlachos IS
- Abstract
The molecular underpinnings of organ dysfunction in acute COVID-19 and its potential long-term sequelae are under intense investigation. To shed light on these in the context of liver function, we performed single-nucleus RNA-seq and spatial transcriptomic profiling of livers from 17 COVID-19 decedents. We identified hepatocytes positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA with an expression phenotype resembling infected lung epithelial cells. Integrated analysis and comparisons with healthy controls revealed extensive changes in the cellular composition and expression states in COVID-19 liver, reflecting hepatocellular injury, ductular reaction, pathologic vascular expansion, and fibrogenesis. We also observed Kupffer cell proliferation and erythrocyte progenitors for the first time in a human liver single-cell atlas, resembling similar responses in liver injury in mice and in sepsis, respectively. Despite the absence of a clinical acute liver injury phenotype, endothelial cell composition was dramatically impacted in COVID-19, concomitantly with extensive alterations and profibrogenic activation of reactive cholangiocytes and mesenchymal cells. Our atlas provides novel insights into liver physiology and pathology in COVID-19 and forms a foundational resource for its investigation and understanding.
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- 2022
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9. HunCRC: annotated pathological slides to enhance deep learning applications in colorectal cancer screening.
- Author
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Pataki BÁ, Olar A, Ribli D, Pesti A, Kontsek E, Gyöngyösi B, Bilecz Á, Kovács T, Kovács KA, Kramer Z, Kiss A, Szócska M, Pollner P, and Csabai I
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- Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted, Early Detection of Cancer, Humans, Neural Networks, Computer, Colorectal Neoplasms diagnosis, Deep Learning
- Abstract
Histopathology is the gold standard method for staging and grading human tumors and provides critical information for the oncoteam's decision making. Highly-trained pathologists are needed for careful microscopic analysis of the slides produced from tissue taken from biopsy. This is a time-consuming process. A reliable decision support system would assist healthcare systems that often suffer from a shortage of pathologists. Recent advances in digital pathology allow for high-resolution digitalization of pathological slides. Digital slide scanners combined with modern computer vision models, such as convolutional neural networks, can help pathologists in their everyday work, resulting in shortened diagnosis times. In this study, 200 digital whole-slide images are published which were collected via hematoxylin-eosin stained colorectal biopsy. Alongside the whole-slide images, detailed region level annotations are also provided for ten relevant pathological classes. The 200 digital slides, after pre-processing, resulted in 101,389 patches. A single patch is a 512 × 512 pixel image, covering 248 × 248 μm
2 tissue area. Versions at higher resolution are available as well. Hopefully, HunCRC, this widely accessible dataset will aid future colorectal cancer computer-aided diagnosis and research., (© 2022. The Author(s).)- Published
- 2022
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10. A single-cell atlas of human and mouse white adipose tissue.
- Author
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Emont MP, Jacobs C, Essene AL, Pant D, Tenen D, Colleluori G, Di Vincenzo A, Jørgensen AM, Dashti H, Stefek A, McGonagle E, Strobel S, Laber S, Agrawal S, Westcott GP, Kar A, Veregge ML, Gulko A, Srinivasan H, Kramer Z, De Filippis E, Merkel E, Ducie J, Boyd CG, Gourash W, Courcoulas A, Lin SJ, Lee BT, Morris D, Tobias A, Khera AV, Claussnitzer M, Pers TH, Giordano A, Ashenberg O, Regev A, Tsai LT, and Rosen ED
- Subjects
- Adipose Tissue metabolism, Adiposity, Animals, Humans, Mice, Obesity metabolism, Adipose Tissue, White metabolism, Atlases as Topic, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 metabolism, Insulin Resistance, Metabolic Diseases
- Abstract
White adipose tissue, once regarded as morphologically and functionally bland, is now recognized to be dynamic, plastic and heterogenous, and is involved in a wide array of biological processes including energy homeostasis, glucose and lipid handling, blood pressure control and host defence
1 . High-fat feeding and other metabolic stressors cause marked changes in adipose morphology, physiology and cellular composition1 , and alterations in adiposity are associated with insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and type 2 diabetes2 . Here we provide detailed cellular atlases of human and mouse subcutaneous and visceral white fat at single-cell resolution across a range of body weight. We identify subpopulations of adipocytes, adipose stem and progenitor cells, vascular and immune cells and demonstrate commonalities and differences across species and dietary conditions. We link specific cell types to increased risk of metabolic disease and provide an initial blueprint for a comprehensive set of interactions between individual cell types in the adipose niche in leanness and obesity. These data comprise an extensive resource for the exploration of genes, traits and cell types in the function of white adipose tissue across species, depots and nutritional conditions., (© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.)- Published
- 2022
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11. Cell polarity and cell adhesion associated gene expression differences between invasive micropapillary and no special type breast carcinomas and their prognostic significance.
- Author
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Kramer Z, Kenessey I, Gángó A, Lendvai G, Kulka J, and Tőkés AM
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- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing genetics, Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing metabolism, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Breast Neoplasms genetics, Breast Neoplasms pathology, Carcinoma genetics, Carcinoma pathology, Claudin-3 genetics, Claudin-3 metabolism, Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition, Female, Humans, Membrane Proteins genetics, Membrane Proteins metabolism, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Invasiveness, Nucleoside-Phosphate Kinase genetics, Nucleoside-Phosphate Kinase metabolism, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt metabolism, Signal Transduction, Survival Analysis, TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases genetics, TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases metabolism, Breast Neoplasms metabolism, Carcinoma metabolism, Cell Adhesion, Cell Polarity, Transcriptome
- Abstract
Invasive micropapillary carcinoma of the breast (IMPC) has been in the focus of several studies given its specific histology and clinicopathological course. We analysed mRNA expression profiles and the prognostic value of 43 genes involved in cell polarity, cell-adhesion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in IMPC tumors and compared them to invasive breast carcinomas of no special type (IBC-NST). IMPCs (36 cases), IBC-NSTs (36 cases) and mixed IMPC-IBC NSTs (8 cases) were investigated. mRNA expression level of selected genes were analysed using the NanoString nCounter Analysis System. Distant metastases free survival (DMFS) intervals were determined. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica 13.5 software. Twelve genes showed significantly different expression in the IMPC group. There was no difference in DMFS according to histological type (IBC-NST vs. IMPC). High CLDN3, PALS1 and low PAR6 expression levels in the entire cohort were associated with shorter DMFS, and PALS1 was proven to be grade independent prognostic factor. Positive lymph node status was associated with higher levels of AKT1 expression. Differences in gene expression in IMPC versus IBC-NST may contribute to the unique histological appearance of IMPCs. No marked differences were observed in DMFS of the two groups. Altered gene expression in the mTOR signaling pathway in both tumor subtypes highlights the potential benefit from AKT/mTOR inhibitors in IMPCs similarly to IBC-NSTs., (© 2021. The Author(s).)
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- 2021
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12. Primary and secondary clarithromycin resistance in Helicobacter pylori and mathematical modeling of the role of macrolides.
- Author
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Kocsmár É, Buzás GM, Szirtes I, Kocsmár I, Kramer Z, Szijártó A, Fadgyas-Freyler P, Szénás K, Rugge M, Fassan M, Kiss A, Schaff Z, Röst G, and Lotz G
- Subjects
- Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Clarithromycin therapeutic use, Female, Gastric Mucosa microbiology, Gastric Mucosa pathology, Helicobacter Infections epidemiology, Helicobacter Infections microbiology, Helicobacter Infections transmission, Helicobacter pylori isolation & purification, Humans, Hungary epidemiology, Male, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Middle Aged, Models, Biological, Prevalence, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Young Adult, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Clarithromycin pharmacology, Drug Resistance, Bacterial drug effects, Helicobacter Infections drug therapy, Helicobacter pylori drug effects
- Abstract
Clarithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic widely used for eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection, and thus resistance to this antibiotic is a major cause of treatment failure. Here, we present the results of a retrospective observational study of clarithromycin resistance (Cla-res) in 4744 H. pylori-infected patients from Central Hungary. We use immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization on fixed gastric tissue samples to determine H. pylori infection and to infer Cla-res status, respectively. We correlate this information with macrolide dispensing data for the same patients (available through a prescription database) and develop a mathematical model of the population dynamics of Cla-res H. pylori infections. Cla-res is found in 5.5% of macrolide-naive patients (primary Cla-res), with no significant sex difference. The model predicts that this primary Cla-res originates from transmission of resistant bacteria in 98.7% of cases, and derives from spontaneous mutations in the other 1.3%. We find an age-dependent preponderance of female patients among secondary (macrolide-exposed) clarithromycin-resistant infections, predominantly associated with prior use of macrolides for non-eradication purposes. Our results shed light into the sources of primary resistant cases, and indicate that the growth rate of Cla-res prevalence would likely decrease if macrolides were no longer used for purposes other than H. pylori eradication.
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- 2021
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13. Metastatic adult Xp11.2 translocation renal cell carcinoma with TFE3 gene fusion in complete remission.
- Author
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Manogna D, Tenneti D, and Kramer Z
- Abstract
Xp11 translocation renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for most pediatric cases of RCC but is uncommon in adults. It has an aggressive course in adults with poor response to chemoradiation. We describe a 64-year-old man with Xp11 translocation RCC who achieved complete remission following surgery and chemoimmunotherapy., (Copyright © 2020 Baylor University Medical Center.)
- Published
- 2020
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14. A Quantitative Assessment of Gluten Cross-contact in the School Environment for Children With Celiac Disease.
- Author
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Weisbrod VM, Silvester JA, Raber C, Suslovic W, Coburn SS, Raber B, McMahon J, Damast A, Kramer Z, and Kerzner B
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- Adolescent, Bread, Child, Child, Preschool, Diet, Gluten-Free, Humans, Schools, Celiac Disease, Glutens
- Abstract
Objectives: A gluten-free (GF) diet is the primary treatment for celiac disease (CD). Gluten is used in schools, particularly in early childhood, art, and home-economics classrooms. This study aimed to measure gluten transfer from school supplies to GF foods that a child with CD may eat. Also, to measure efficacy of washing techniques to remove gluten from hands and tables., Methods: Five experiments measured potential gluten cross-contact in classrooms: Play-Doh (n = 30); baking project (n = 30); paper mâché (n = 10); dry pasta in sensory table (n = 10); cooked pasta in sensory table (n = 10). Thirty participants ages 2 to 18 were enrolled. Following activities, gluten levels were measured on separate slices of GF bread rubbed on participant's hands and table surfaces. Participants were assigned 1 of 3 handwashing methods (soap and water, water alone, or wet wipe). Repeat gluten transfer measurements were taken from hands and tables. Gluten measurements made using R-Biopharm R7001 R5-ELISA Sandwich assay., Results: Paper mâché, cooked pasta in sensory tables, and baking project resulted in rates of gluten transfer far greater than the 20 ppm threshold set by Codex Alimentarius Commission. Play-Doh and dry pasta, however, resulted in few gluten transfers to GF bread >20 ppm. Soap and water was consistently the most effective method for removing gluten, although other methods proved as effective in certain scenarios., Conclusions: The potential for gluten exposure at school is high for some materials and low for others. For high-risk materials, schools should provide GF supplies and have a robust strategy to prevent gluten cross-contact with food.
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- 2020
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15. Inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor improves antitumor efficacy of vemurafenib in BRAF-mutant human melanoma in preclinical model.
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Kenessey I, Kramer Z, István L, Cserepes MT, Garay T, Hegedűs B, Dobos J, Tímár J, and Tóvári J
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- Animals, Antineoplastic Agents pharmacology, Humans, Melanoma genetics, Melanoma pathology, Mice, Mice, SCID, Vemurafenib pharmacology, Antineoplastic Agents therapeutic use, ErbB Receptors antagonists & inhibitors, Melanoma drug therapy, Vemurafenib therapeutic use
- Abstract
Oncogenic activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway occurs in a variety of tumor types, albeit in human melanoma, the contribution of EGFR is still unclear. The potential role of EGFR was analyzed in four BRAF-mutant, one NRAS-mutant and one wild-type NRAS-BRAF-carrying human melanoma cell lines. We have tested clinically available reversible tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) gefitinib and erlotinib, irreversible EGFR-TKI pelitinib and a reversible experimental compound PD153035 on in-vitro proliferation, apoptosis, migration as well as in-vivo metastatic colonization in a spleen-liver model. The presence of the intracellular domain of EGFR protein and its constitutive activity were demonstrated in all cell lines. Efficacies of EGFR-TKIs showed significant differences, and irreversible inhibition had the strongest antitumor potential. Compared with BRAF-mutant cells, wild-type BRAF was associated with relative resistance against gefitinib. In combination with gefitinib, selective mutant BRAF-inhibitor vemurafenib showed additive effect in all BRAF-mutant cell lines. Treatment of BRAF-mutant cells with gefitinib or pelitinib attenuated in-vitro cell migration and in-vivo colonization. Our preclinical data suggest that EGFR is a potential target in the therapy of BRAF-mutant malignant melanoma; however, more benefits could be expected from irreversible EGFR-TKIs and combined treatment settings.
- Published
- 2018
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16. Sensitivity of Helicobacter pylori detection by Giemsa staining is poor in comparison with immunohistochemistry and fluorescent in situ hybridization and strongly depends on inflammatory activity.
- Author
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Kocsmár É, Szirtes I, Kramer Z, Szijártó A, Bene L, Buzás GM, Kenessey I, Bronsert P, Csanadi A, Lutz L, Werner M, Wellner UF, Kiss A, Schaff Z, and Lotz G
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Female, Helicobacter Infections microbiology, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Sensitivity and Specificity, Staining and Labeling methods, Helicobacter Infections diagnosis, Helicobacter pylori isolation & purification, Histocytochemistry methods, Immunohistochemistry methods, In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence methods
- Abstract
Background: Conventional stainings (including H&E and special stains like Giemsa) are the most widely applied histopathologic detection methods of Helicobacter pylori (HP)., Materials and Methods: We aimed to compare the diagnostic performance of Giemsa staining with immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) on a monocentric cohort of 2896 gastric biopsies and relate results to histologic alterations in order to find such histopathologic subgroups in which these methods underperform. All cases were categorized regarding presence or absence of chronic gastritis, inflammatory activity, and mucosal structural alterations., Results: Giemsa revealed 687 cases (23.7%), IHC 795 cases (27.5%), and FISH 788 cases (27.2%) as being HP positive. Giemsa showed significantly lower overall sensitivity (83.3%) compared to IHC (98.8%) and FISH (98.0%). Moreover, the sensitivity of Giemsa dramatically dropped to 33.6% in the nonactive cases. We found that sensitivity of Giemsa strongly depends on HP density and, accordingly, on the presence of activity. Structural alterations (intestinal metaplasia, atrophy, etc.) had only no or weak effect on sensitivity of the three stainings. Both IHC and FISH proved to be equally reliable HP detecting techniques whose diagnostic performance is minimally influenced by mucosal inflammatory and structural alterations contrary to conventional stainings., Conclusions: We highly recommend immunohistochemistry for clinically susceptible, nonactive chronic gastritis cases, if the conventional stain-based HP detection is negative. Moreover, we recommend to use IHC more widely as basic HP stain. Helicobacter pylori FISH technique is primarily recommended to determine bacterial clarithromycin resistance. Furthermore, it is another accurate diagnostic tool for HP., (© 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2017
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17. Acustimulation wrist bands are not effective for the control of chemotherapy-induced nausea in women with breast cancer.
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Roscoe JA, Matteson SE, Morrow GR, Hickok JT, Bushunow P, Griggs J, Qazi R, Smith B, Kramer Z, and Smith J
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- Adult, Aged, Antiemetics therapeutic use, Antineoplastic Agents therapeutic use, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols therapeutic use, Breast Neoplasms drug therapy, Combined Modality Therapy methods, Cyclophosphamide administration & dosage, Doxorubicin administration & dosage, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Nausea drug therapy, Wrist innervation, Wrist physiopathology, Acupuncture Therapy methods, Antineoplastic Agents adverse effects, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols adverse effects, Nausea chemically induced, Nausea prevention & control, Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation methods
- Abstract
This experiment examined the efficacy of an acustimulation wrist band for the relief of chemotherapy-induced nausea using a randomized three-arm clinical trial (active acustimulation, sham acustimulation, and no acustimulation) in 96 women with breast cancer who experienced nausea at their first chemotherapy treatment. Five outcomes related to wrist band efficacy (acute nausea, delayed nausea, vomiting, QOL, and total amount of antiemetic medication used) were examined. The five outcomes were examined separately using analysis of covariance controlling for age and severity of past nausea. There were no significant differences in any of these study measures among the three treatment conditions (P>0.1 for all). Study results do not support the hypothesis that acustimulation bands are efficacious as an adjunct to pharmacological antiemetics for control of chemotherapy-related nausea in female breast cancer patients.
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- 2005
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18. Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome presenting as a refractory noninflammatory pulmonary vasculopathy.
- Author
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Kerr JE, Poe R, and Kramer Z
- Subjects
- Antiphospholipid Syndrome complications, Autoimmune Diseases complications, Biopsy, Fatal Outcome, Female, Humans, Lung pathology, Lung Diseases complications, Middle Aged, Pulmonary Embolism diagnosis, Pulmonary Embolism etiology, Respiratory Distress Syndrome diagnosis, Respiratory Distress Syndrome etiology, Vascular Diseases complications, Antiphospholipid Syndrome diagnosis, Autoimmune Diseases diagnosis, Lung Diseases diagnosis, Vascular Diseases diagnosis
- Abstract
The clinical manifestations of antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APLAS) are protean. Pulmonary manifestations are often thromboembolic in origin; ARDS and pulmonary hypertension have been reported as features of a widespread vasculopathy associated with systemic lupus or Sjögren's syndrome. This is the report of a woman with primary APLAS who died of a noninflammatory pulmonary vasculopathy. The case is unusual in its pulmonary manifestations, its initial response to corticosteroids and antithrombotic medications, its failure to stabilize with high-intensity warfarin sodium and aspirin treatment, and finally its fulminant progression despite multiple interventions.
- Published
- 1997
- Full Text
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