30 results on '"Kook, P. H."'
Search Results
2. Smad4 in osteoblasts exerts a differential impact on HSC fate depending on osteoblast maturation stage
- Author
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Kook, S-H, Yun, C-Y, Sim, H-J, Bhattarai, G, Lee, B-C, Lee, K-Y, Cho, E-S, and Lee, J-C
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Proximal gastrectomy and jejunal pouch interposition: radiographic evaluation of postoperative findings
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Choi, D., Yoo, C. H., Park, H., Lee, Y. R., Kook, S.-H., and Chung, E. C.
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- 2003
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4. Respiratory syncytial virus infection induces matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression in epithelial cells
- Author
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Yeo, S.-J., Yun, Y.-J., Lyu, M.-A., Woo, S.-Y., Woo, E.-R., Kim, S.-J., Lee, H.-J., Park, H.-K., and Kook, Y.-H.
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- 2002
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5. Influenza A virus infection modulates the expression of type IV collagenase in epithelial cells
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Yeo, S.-J., Kim, S.-J., Kim, J.-H., Lee, H.-J., and Kook, Y.-H.
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- 1999
- Full Text
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6. Imaging of tuberculous disease involving breast
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Oh, K. K., Kim, J. H., and Kook, S. H.
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- 1998
- Full Text
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7. Systemic Scedosporium prolificans infection in an 11‐month‐old Border collie with cobalamin deficiency secondary to selective cobalamin malabsorption (canine Imerslund‐Gräsbeck syndrome).
- Author
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Erles, K., Mugford, A., Barfield, D., Leeb, T., and Kook, P. H.
- Abstract
An 11‐month‐old Border collie presented collapsed and continued to deteriorate rapidly despite supportive treatment. The dog had a history of failure to thrive and recurring respiratory infection. Laboratory abnormalities included neutrophilic leucocytosis, Heinz body anaemia, hyperammonaemia, hyperbilirubinaemia, proteinuria and hypocobalaminaemia. Post‐mortem examination revealed multi‐focal necrosis within the heart, kidneys, pancreas, liver, meninges and cerebral cortex. Fungal hyphae in lesions were identified as Scedosporium prolificans following culture. Subsequent genotyping confirmed that the dog carried the CUBN:c.8392delC mutation in a homozygous state, verifying hereditary cobalamin deficiency (a.k.a. Imerslund‐Gräsbeck syndrome). Cobalamin deficiency may have been a predisposing factor for the development of systemic fungal infection in this dog. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. The Effect of Orally Administered Ranitidine and Once-Daily or Twice-Daily Orally Administered Omeprazole on Intragastric pH in Cats.
- Author
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Šutalo, S., Ruetten, M., Hartnack, S., Reusch, C.E., and Kook, P. H.
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RANITIDINE ,OMEPRAZOLE ,GASTRIC acid ,GASTRIC diseases ,CATS ,THERAPEUTICS - Abstract
Background Gastric acid suppressants frequently are used in cats with acid-related gastric disorders. However, it is not known if these drugs effectively increase intragastric pH in cats. Objectives To examine the effects of PO administered ranitidine and omeprazole on intragastric pH in cats and to compare the efficacy of once-daily versus twice-daily dosage regimens for omeprazole. Animals Eight domestic shorthair cats. Methods Using a randomized 4-way cross-over design, cats were given enteric-coated omeprazole granules (1.1-1.3 mg/kg q24h and q12h), ranitidine (1.5-2.3 mg/kg q12h), and placebo. Intragastric pH was monitored continuously for 96 hours using the Bravo
™ system[Bravo™ pH ], starting on day 4 of treatment, followed by a median washout period of 12 days. Mean percentage of time pH was ≥3 and ≥4 was compared among groups using repeated measures ANOVA. Results Mean ± SD percentage of time intragastric pH was ≥3 and ≥4 was 67.0 ± 24.0% and 54.6 ± 26.4% for twice-daily omeprazole, 24.4 ± 22.8% and 16.8 ± 19.3% for once-daily omeprazole, 16.5 ± 9.0% and 9.6 ± 5.9% for ranitidine, and 9.4 ± 8.0% and 7.0 ± 6.6% for placebo administration. Twice-daily omeprazole treatment significantly increased intragastric pH, whereas pH after once-daily omeprazole and ranitidine treatments did not differ from that of placebo-treated cats. Conclusion and Clinical Importance Only twice-daily PO administered omeprazole significantly suppressed gastric acidity in healthy cats, whereas once-daily omeprazole and standard dosages of ranitidine were not effective acid suppressants in cats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2015
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9. Clinical and Laboratory Findings in Border Collies with Presumed Hereditary Juvenile Cobalamin Deficiency.
- Author
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Lutz, Sabina, Sewell, Adrian C., Reusch, Claudia E., and Kook, Peter H.
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COLLIE ,VITAMIN B12 deficiency ,DOG diseases ,SYMPTOMS ,DIAGNOSTIC errors - Abstract
The article describes the cases of four border collies aged 8 to 41 months old diagnosed with genetic cobalamin or vitamin B12 deficiency through clinical and laboratory tests. A rare disease, cobalamin deficiency exhibits clinical symptoms such as intermittent lethargy or drowsiness, odynophagia or painful swallowing and glossitis or inflammation of the tongue. It also discusses the possible misdiagnosis of cobalamin deficiency as some routine laboratory results are within normal levels.
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- 2013
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10. Effects of iatrogenic hypercortisolism on gallbladder sludge formation and biochemical bile constituents in dogs.
- Author
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Kook, P. H., Schellenberg, S., Rentsch, K. M., Reusch, C. E., and Glaus, T. M.
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IATROGENIC diseases , *GALLBLADDER , *HYPERADRENOCORTICISM , *DOG diseases , *DOG physiology , *ADRENOCORTICAL hormones - Abstract
An association between gallbladder mucoceles and hypercortisolism (HC) was recently described in dogs. Because the formation of a mucocele from clear bile without the transitional formation of microprecipitates appears unlikely, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of iatrogenic HC on sludge formation and changes in the biochemical composition of bile. Bile samples from 6 dogs obtained by percutaneous ultrasound-guided cholecystocentesis before (day 0), during (days 28,56, and 84), and after (days 28p, 56p, and 84p) oral administration of hydrocortisone (8 mg/kg everyl2 h) were analysed for calcium, cholesterol and bilirubin concentrations and pH. In addition the gallbladder was examined ultrasonographically for sludge. Six dogs receiving a placebo served as controls. Although gallbladder sludge was observed in all treated dogs at day 56, it was also noted in 50% of control dogs, and no significant differences were seen between groups at any sampling time. Bilirubin and cholesterol concentrations decreased significantly and reversibly during treatment, and calcium concentration showed a similar trend. Bile pH was consistently slightly alkaline during iatrogenic HC, whereas it was slightly acidic in control animals. A 3-month period of iatrogenic HC does not lead to ultrasonographically detectable gallbladder sludge or to an increase in bile constituents that are commonly implicated in sludge formation in humans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
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11. Rectal duplication cyst in a cat.
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Kook, Peter H., Hagen, Regine, Willi, Barbara, Ruetten, Maja, and Venzin, Claudio
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ANORECTAL function tests ,HUMAN abnormalities ,CYSTS (Pathology) ,TOMOGRAPHY ,PELVIS ,HISTOPATHOLOGY ,RECTUM abnormalities ,CAT diseases ,DIAGNOSIS - Abstract
Enteric duplication is a rare developmental malformation in people, dogs and cats. The purpose of the present report is to describe the first case of a rectal duplication cyst in a 7-year-old domestic shorthair cat presenting for acute constipation and tenesmus. On rectal palpation a spherical mass compressing the lumen of the rectum could be felt in the dorsal wall of the rectum. A computed tomography (CT) scan confirmed the presence of a well demarcated cystic lesion in the pelvic canal, dorsal to the rectum. The cyst was surgically removed via a perineal approach. No communication with the rectal lumen could be demonstrated. Histopathological examination was consistent with a rectal duplication cyst. Clinical signs resolved completely after excision of this conjoined non-communicating cystic rectal duplicate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
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12. Urinary Catecholamine and Metanephrine to Creatinine Ratios in Dogs with Hyperadrenocorticism or Pheochromocytoma, and in Healthy Dogs.
- Author
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Quante, S., Boretti, F. S., Kook, P. H., Mueller, C., Schellenberg, S., Zini, E., Sieber-Ruckstuhl, N., and Reusch, C. E.
- Subjects
ADRENAL glands ,CATECHOLAMINES ,ADRENALINE ,CREATININE ,HYPERADRENOCORTICISM ,PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA ,CUSHING'S syndrome ,ENDOCRINOLOGY - Abstract
Background: Urinary catecholamines and metanephrines are used for the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma (PHEO) in dogs. Hyperadrenocorticism (HAC) is an important differential diagnosis for PHEO. Objectives: To measure urinary catecholamines and metanephrines in dogs with HAC. Animals: Fourteen dogs with HAC, 7 dogs with PHEO, and 10 healthy dogs. Methods: Prospective clinical trial. Urine was collected during initial work-up in the hospital; in dogs with HAC an additional sample was taken at home 1 week after discharge. Parameters were measured using high-pressure liquid chromatography and expressed as ratios to urinary creatinine concentration. Results: Dogs with HAC had significantly higher urinary epinephrine, norepinephrine and normetanephrine to creatinine ratios than healthy dogs. Urinary epinephrine, norepinephrine, and metanephrine to creatinine ratios did not differ between dogs with HAC and dogs with PHEO, whereas the urinary normetanephrine to creatinine ratio was significantly higher ( P= .011) in dogs with PHEO (414, 157.0–925.0, median, range versus (117.5, 53.0–323.0). Using a cut-off ratio of 4 times the highest normetanephrine to creatinine ratio measured in controls, there was no overlap between dogs with HAC and dogs with PHEO. The variables determined in urine samples collected at home did not differ from those collected in the hospital. Conclusion and Clinical Importance: Dogs with HAC might have increased concentrations of urinary catecholamines and normetanephrine. A high concentration of urinary normetanephrine (4 times normal), is highly suggestive of PHEO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Ultrasonographic evaluation of adrenal glands in dogs with primary hypoadrenocorticism or mimicking diseases.
- Author
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Wenger, M., Mueller, C., Kook, P. H., and Reusch, C. E.
- Subjects
ADRENAL glands ,DOG anatomy ,VETERINARY ultrasonography ,DOG diseases ,VETERINARY medicine - Abstract
The adrenal glands of 30 dogs with primary adrenal insufficiency (hypoadrenocorticism) were measured ultrasonographically and compared with those of 14 healthy dogs and those of 10 dogs with diseases mimicking hypoadrenocorticism. Thickness and length of the adrenals were measured on abdominal ultrasonography and the results for each group were compared. Dogs with primary hypoadrenocorticism had significantly thinner adrenals compared with the other two groups, and their left adrenal glands were also significantly shorter than those of healthy dogs. Adrenal ultrasonography may be of diagnostic value in dogs with clinical signs suggestive of primary hypoadrenocorticism, as a left adrenal gland measuring less than 3.2 mm in thickness is strongly suggestive of the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
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14. Addison's disease due to bilateral adrenal malignancy in a dog.
- Author
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Kook, P. H., Grest, P., Raute-Kreinsen, U., Leo, C., and Reusch, C. E.
- Abstract
A 12-year-old Rottweiler cross Labrador was presented with anorexia and weakness. Adrenal insufficiency was diagnosed with hyponatraemia, hyperkalaemia and undetectable resting and post-ACTH cortisol and aldosterone concentrations. The only abnormal diagnostic imaging result was bilateral adrenomegaly. Cytologic findings of liver, spleen and peripheral lymph nodes were normal. The dog responded initially to standard replacement therapy but relapsed shortly afterwards. The owners opted for euthanasia and allowed only removal of both adrenal glands. Microscopically, infiltrative polymorphic proliferations of densely packed tumour cells arranged as nests, intermingled with multifocal areas of necrosis and inflammatory cells were found. Silver staining revealed a few non-neoplastic adrenomedullary cells, whereas neoplastic cells did not stain. Immunohistochemistry was negative for neuron-specific enolase, vimentin, cytokeratin, synaptophysin, chromogranin A, S-100 protein, CD 56, 79 and 3. The final diagnosis was highly anaplastic bilateral adrenal neoplasia. This is the first report of bilateral adrenal malignancy presenting as clinical hypoadrenocorticism in a dog. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Urinary catecholamine and metadrenaline to creatinine ratios in dogs with a phaeochromocytoma.
- Author
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Kook, P. H., Grest, P., Quante, S., Boretti, F. S., and Reusch, C. E.
- Subjects
- *
CATECHOLAMINES , *ADRENALINE , *URINARY organs , *CREATININE , *DOPAMINE , *PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA , *DOG diseases - Abstract
Urinary adrenaline (epinephrine), noradrenaline, dopamine, metadrenaline (metanephrine) and normetadrenaline to creatinine ratios were measured from spot samples of seven clientowned dogs with a histologically confirmed phaeochromocytoma. Urine was collected on day 0 in the hospital in six dogs, and additionally on days 2, 6 and 7 after discharge in two of these dogs. In one dog, urine was sampled on day 7 only. Samples were also collected from 10 healthy control dogs on days 0, 1 and 7. In dogs with phaeochromocytomas, normetadrenaline:creatinine ratios at all time points ranged from 103 to 6430 nmol/mmol. From day 0, ratios of samples taken at the hospital (range 157 to 925 nmol/mmol) were significantly higher (P<0.0012) compared with control samples (range 14 to 91 nmol/mmol). The highest normetadrenaline:creatinine ratios were found in two dogs with bilateral phaeochromocytomas. Adrenaline:creatinine and noradrenaline:creatinine ratios were also significantly increased (P<0.016) in dogs with a phaeochromocytoma at day 0 compared with controls, although the difference was less pronounced than that between controls and dogs with a phaeochromocytoma for the normetadrenaline:creatinine ratio. Urine normetadrenaline:creatinine ratios may be useful in the diagnosis of canine phaeochromocytomas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Microbiologic Evaluation of Gallbladder Bile of Healthy Dogs and Dogs with Iatrogenic Hypercortisolism: A Pilot Study.
- Author
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Kook, P. H., Schellenberg, S., Grest, P., Reusch, C. E., Corboz, L., and Glaus, T. M.
- Subjects
- *
GALLBLADDER diseases , *BILE , *DOG diseases , *CHOLECYSTITIS , *MOVEMENT disorders - Abstract
Background: In people, hypercortisolism (HC) has been associated with acalculous cholecystitis and biliary dyskinesia, which may potentiate ascending biliary infections. In dogs, an association between HC and gallbladder disease recently has been documented, although the role of bacteria remains controversial. Furthermore, there is no information on the gallbladder bile microbial flora in healthy dogs. Objectives: To investigate the microbial flora in gallbladder bile in healthy dogs, the relationship between iatrogenic hyperadrenocorticism and bactibilia and possible changes in biliary microbial flora after cortisol withdrawal in dogs. Animals: Six control dogs and 6 dogs treated with hydrocortisone. Methods: Gallbladder bile obtained by percutaneous ultrasound-guided cholecystocentesis was cultured aerobically and anaerobically and examined cytologically before (d0), during (d28, d56, d84), and after (d28p, d56p, d84p) administration of hydrocortisone (8 mg/kg PO q12h). Results: In the control group, 2/42 bile cultures yielded bacterial growth ( Enterococcus sp.; Escherichia coli on d0) and 1/42 bile smears had cytological evidence of bacteria (d28). In the HC group, 2/42 bile cultures yielded bacterial growth ( Enterococcus sp. on d28; Bacillus sp. on d28p) and 3/42 bile smears had cytological evidence of bacteria (d84, d84, d28p). All dogs remained healthy throughout the study period (168d). Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Based on the results of conventional bacterial culture techniques, gallbladder bile of healthy dogs periodically may harbor bacteria, which do not appear to be clinically relevant. A 3-month period of iatrogenic HC was not associated with bactibilia. A higher prevalence of bactibilia may be detected with micromolecular techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
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17. Pancreatitis associated with clomipramine administration in a dog.
- Author
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Kook, P. H., Kranjc, A., Dennler, M., and Glaus, T. M.
- Abstract
A three-year-old, male, entire, Yorkshire terrier was presented with peracute onset of abdominal pain and vomitus. Clinicopathological abnormalities included severely increased serum lipase activity, immeasurably high serum trypsin-like immunoreactivity and mild hypocalcaemia. Canine pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity (cPLI) was intended to be measured, however, the sample got lost. Ultrasonography revealed a hypoechoic pancreas with small amounts of peripancreatic fluid and hyperechogenic mesentery. Acute pancreatitis (AP) was diagnosed and the dog recovered with appropriate therapy within 48 hours. Clomipramine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) for alleviating signs of separation anxiety had been given for seven weeks. Two similar, albeit less severe, episodes associated with previous courses of clomipramine had occurred eight months earlier that responded to discontinuing clomipramine and supportive care. As SSRIs are associated with AP in human beings and no other trigger could be identified, we conclude that clomipramine should be considered as a potential cause when investigating causes for AP in susceptible breeds or other dogs presenting with compatible clinical signs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
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18. Design and Verification of Shielding for the Advanced Spent Fuel Conditioning Process Facility.
- Author
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Cho, I. J., Kook, D. H., Kwon, K. C., Lee, E. P., Choung, W. M., and You, G. S.
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RADIATION ,GAMMA rays ,NUCLEAR fuels ,RADIOACTIVE substances ,IRRADIATION ,RADIOACTIVE wastes - Abstract
The article presents a study which focused on the design and verification of shielding for the advanced spent fuel conditioning process facility (ACPF). ACPF is a hot cell with two rooms found in the basement of the Irradiated Materials Experiment Facility at the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute. It was designed with a more than 90 centimeters thick high density concrete shield wall to handle 1.38 PBq of radioactive materials. To check on the shielding performance of the facility to ensure the radiation safety of the facility, all the bounding structures of the ACPF were investigated.
- Published
- 2008
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19. Cryopreservation of peripheral nerve grafts.
- Author
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Fansa, Hisham, Lassner, Franz, Kook, Peter H., Keilhoff, Gerburg, Schneider, Wolfgang, Fansa, H, Lassner, F, Kook, P H, Keilhoff, G, and Schneider, W
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
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20. The purinergic P2Y14 receptor axis is a molecular determinant for organism survival under in utero radiation toxicity
- Author
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Kook, S H, Cho, J S, Morrison, A, Wiener, E, Lee, S B, Scadden, D, and Lee, B-C
- Subjects
purinergic receptors ,embryo - Abstract
In utero exposure of the embryo and fetus to radiation has been implicated in malformations or fetal death, and often produces lifelong health consequences such as cancers and mental retardation. Here we demonstrate that deletion of a G-protein-coupled purinergic receptor, P2Y14, confers potent resistance to in utero radiation. Intriguingly, a putative P2Y14 receptor ligand, UDP-glucose, phenocopies the effect of P2Y14 deficiency. These data indicate that P2Y14 is a receptor governing in utero tolerance to genotoxic stress that may be pharmacologically targeted to mitigate radiation toxicity in pregnancy.
- Published
- 2013
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21. Hepatic fungal infection in a young beagle with unrecognised hereditary cobalamin deficiency (Imerslund-Gräsbeck syndrome).
- Author
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Kook, P. H., Drögemüller, M., Leeb, T., Hinden, S., Ruetten, M., and Howard, J.
- Abstract
A 12-month-old beagle presented for anorexia, pyrexia and vomiting. The dog had been treated intermittently with antibiotics and corticosteroids for inappetence and lethargy since five months of age. Previous laboratory abnormalities included macrocytosis and neutropenia. At presentation, the dog was lethargic, febrile and thin. Laboratory examination findings included anaemia, a left shift, thrombocytopenia, hypoglycaemia and hyperbilirubinaemia. Multiple, small, hypoechoic, round hepatic lesions were observed on abdominal ultrasound. Cytological examination of hepatic fine needle aspirates revealed a fungal infection and associated pyogranulomatous inflammation. The dog's general condition deteriorated despite supportive measures and treatment with fluconazole, and owners opted for euthanasia before hypocobalaminaemia was identified. Subsequent genomic analysis revealed a CUBN:c. 786delC mutation in a homozygous state, confirming hereditary cobalamin malabsorption (Imerslund-Gräsbeck syndrome). Similar to human infants, dogs with Imerslund-Gräsbeck syndrome may rarely be presented for infectious diseases, distracting focus from the underlying primary disorder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
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22. Prevalence of inflammatory versus neoplastic lesions in dogs with chronic gastrointestinal signs undergoing gastroduodenoscopy: 195 cases (2007-2015).
- Author
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Ivasovic F, Ruetten M, and Kook PH
- Subjects
- Animals, Dogs, Eosinophilia, Gastritis, Prevalence, Retrospective Studies, Vomiting veterinary, Dog Diseases diagnostic imaging, Dog Diseases epidemiology, Enteritis epidemiology, Enteritis veterinary, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases veterinary, Lymphoma veterinary
- Abstract
Objectives: Prevalence of inflammatory enteropathy versus lymphoma in dogs undergoing gastroduodenoscopy has not been evaluated. This retrospective study assessed outcome from 195 client-owned dogs scheduled to undergo upper gastrointestinal endoscopy as the next diagnostic step., Material and Methods: Cases were grouped into the following diagnoses according to WSAVA guidelines: lymphoplasmacytic enteritis (LPE), eosinophilic enteritis (EE), mixed-cell enteritis (ME), histologically normal biopsies (N), and lymphoma (L). Clinical signs, and preendoscopic results from laboratory and ultrasonography examinations, were compared among groups., Results: LPE was diagnosed in 133 (68%), EE in 17 (9%), ME in 9 (5%), 32 (16%) dogs had histologically normal biopsies. Four (2%) dogs were diagnosed with lymphoma. Vomiting was the most frequent clinical sign (61%), followed by weight loss (43%), and diarrhea (39%). Vomiting also predominated when looking at individual histological disease categories, however clinical signs did not differ significantly between groups. Dogs with lymphoma were more likely to have ultrasonographic abnormalities, had significantly lower haematocrit, albumin and total protein concentrations compared to dogs with LPE and histologically normal biopsies., Clinical Significance: Lymphoma was rarely found in this group of dogs with nonspecific results of pre-endoscopic work-up. Our results provide first reference for clinicians when discussing the possibility of a step-up therapeutic approach (such as multiple dietary trials) with owners before pursuing endoscopy. Understanding the likelihood of finding lymphoma is important in that histologic documentation of inflammatory enteropathy alone has limited therapeutic consequences. Future studies are needed to validate these findings in dogs undergoing combined upper and lower gastrointestinal endoscopy and biopsies., (Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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23. Effects of 6 Weeks of Parenteral Cobalamin Supplementation on Clinical and Biochemical Variables in Cats with Gastrointestinal Disease.
- Author
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Kempf J, Hersberger M, Melliger RH, Reusch CE, and Kook PH
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- Animals, Cat Diseases blood, Cats, Gastrointestinal Diseases blood, Gastrointestinal Diseases veterinary, Methylmalonic Acid blood, Methylmalonic Acid urine, Prospective Studies, Vitamin B 12 administration & dosage, Vitamin B 12 blood, Cat Diseases drug therapy, Gastrointestinal Diseases drug therapy, Vitamin B 12 therapeutic use
- Abstract
Background: Effects and duration of commonly used protocols for cobalamin (Cbl) supplementation on cellular Cbl deficiency have not been determined in hypocobalaminemic cats., Hypothesis/objectives: To evaluate effect of Cbl supplementation on clinical signs, serum and urine methylmalonic acid (MMA) concentrations over 16 weeks., Animals: Twenty client-owned hypocobalaminemic cats with enteropathy., Methods: Prospective study. Serum Cbl and serum and urine MMA concentrations were determined prospectively in cats at enrollment (t0), immediately before (t6), and 4 (t10) and 10 weeks (t16) after 6th Cbl injection (250 μg, IM q 7 days). Clinical signs severity (activity, appetite, vomiting, diarrhea, body weight) graded at each time point and expressed as clinical disease activity score., Results: Clinical disease activity score decreased during supplementation and increased after treatment discontinuation. Median serum Cbl concentration increased significantly from t0 (111 pmol/L, range 111-212) to t6 (2,332.5 pmol/L, range 123-22,730) (P < 0.01). Values at t10 were 610.5 pmol/L (range, 111-2,527) and 180.5 pmol/L (range, 111-2,262) at t16 (P < 0.01). Median baseline serum MMA concentration (372 μmol/L, range 0.39-147,000) decreased significantly to 1.62 μmol/L (range, 0.18-806) at t6 (P < 0.01) and gradually increased to 5.34 μmol/L (range, 0.13-1,730) at t10 and 189 μmol/L (range, 0.4-983) at t16. Similar, nonsignificant, pattern observed for urine MMA concentration. Serum and urine MMA concentrations had not normalized in 12 and 6 cats, respectively, at t6., Conclusion and Clinical Importance: The Cbl supplementation protocol used here did not lead to complete normalization of cellular Cbl deficiency in all examined cats, and biochemical improvements were transient., (Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.)
- Published
- 2017
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24. Comparison of Serum Spec fPL(™) and 1,2-o-Dilauryl-Rac-Glycero-3-Glutaric Acid-(6'-Methylresorufin) Ester Assay in 60 Cats Using Standardized Assessment of Pancreatic Histology.
- Author
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Oppliger S, Hilbe M, Hartnack S, Zini E, Reusch CE, and Kook PH
- Subjects
- Animals, Azotemia blood, Biological Assay veterinary, Cat Diseases diagnosis, Cat Diseases enzymology, Cats, Female, Male, Pancreas enzymology, Pancreatitis diagnosis, Pancreatitis enzymology, Sensitivity and Specificity, Azotemia veterinary, Cat Diseases blood, Glutarates, Lipase blood, Oxazines, Pancreas pathology, Pancreatitis veterinary
- Abstract
Background: Feline pancreas-specific lipase (Spec fPL) is considered a useful test for the antemortem diagnosis of pancreatitis in cats. A recent study found good agreement between the results of the Spec fPL and catalytic 1,2-o-dilauryl-rac-glycero-3-glutaric acid-(6'-methylresorufin) ester (DGGR) lipase assay. Prospective studies evaluating their sensitivity and specificity are lacking., Objectives: To compare the results of the Spec fPL and the DGGR assays with a standardized histologic assessment of the pancreas., Animals: Sixty client-owned cats presented for necropsy., Prospective Study: Spec fPL concentrations and serum DGGR lipase activity were measured from the same blood sample. The pancreas was removed within 3 hours after euthanasia; serial transverse sections were made every 0.5 cm throughout the entire pancreas and reviewed using a histologic grading scheme. Sensitivity and specificity for the Spec fPL and DGGR assay results were determined., Results: The sensitivity and specificity for the Spec fPL assay (cutoff value ≥5.4 μg/L) was 42.1 [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 29.4-55.9%] and 100% (95% CI, 31.0-100.0%). The sensitivity and specificity for the DGGR assay (cutoff value >26 U/L) was 36.8 (95% CI, 24.7-50.7%) and 100% (95% CI, 31.0-100.0%). When lymphocytic inflammation up to 10% of a section was considered normal, the sensitivity and specificity for Spec fPL assay (cutoff value ≥5.4 μg/L) was 61.1 (95% CI, 36.1-81.7%) and 69.0% (95% CI, 52.8-81.9%) and the sensitivity and specificity for the DGGR assay (cutoff value >26 U/L) was 66.7 (95% CI, 41.2-85.6%) and 78.6% (95% CI, 62.8-89.2%)., Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Both lipase assays performed similarly well, but their agreement with histologic pancreatic inflammation was limited., (Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.)
- Published
- 2016
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25. Wireless ambulatory esophageal pH monitoring in dogs with clinical signs interpreted as gastroesophageal reflux.
- Author
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Kook PH, Kempf J, Ruetten M, and Reusch CE
- Subjects
- Animals, Capsule Endoscopy methods, Case-Control Studies, Dog Diseases physiopathology, Dogs, Female, Gastroesophageal Reflux diagnosis, Gastroesophageal Reflux physiopathology, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Male, Monitoring, Ambulatory instrumentation, Capsule Endoscopy veterinary, Dog Diseases diagnosis, Esophagus physiopathology, Gastroesophageal Reflux veterinary, Monitoring, Ambulatory veterinary
- Abstract
Background: Although gastroesophageal reflux (GER) often is assumed to be causative for upper gastrointestinal and respiratory signs in dogs, no attempts have been made to verify this assumption., Objectives: To monitor esophageal pH with the Bravo pH system in healthy dogs and client-owned dogs displaying signs commonly attributed to GER., Animals: Seven healthy and 22 client-owned dogs., Methods: After routine esophagogastroduodenoscopy, radiotelemetric pH capsules were placed in distal esophagus for continuous pH recording. Reflux was defined as single pH measurement <4. At discharge, owners were instructed to press individually predefined clinical sign-buttons on the receiver whenever indicated. Results between groups were compared using Mann-Whitney U-test., Results: The median (range) number of refluxes in client-owned and healthy dogs, respectively, was 17 (1-205) and 10 (1-65), the number of refluxes >5 minutes in duration was 1 (0-14), and 1 (0-4), duration of longest reflux (min) was 10 (0-65) and 8 (0-27), and fractional time pH <4 (%) was 0.76% (0.01-6.28), and 0.3% (0-3.1). No differences were found between groups. The median of 7 (1-35) clinical sign-button pushes were recorded in 21 dogs. Median of 12.5% (2.8% [1/35]-50% [2/4]) reflux-positive clinical sign-button pushes was found in 10 dogs with reflux-positive pushes. Five (22.7%) dogs had increased esophageal acid exposure, and mild esophagitis was noted in 1 dog., Conclusion and Clinical Importance: Despite evidence of increased GER in some dogs, the clinical sign-reflux association remained poor. Future investigation should focus on dogs with esophagitis., (Copyright © 2014 by the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.)
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Agreement of serum Spec cPL with the 1,2-o-dilauryl-rac-glycero glutaric acid-(6'-methylresorufin) ester (DGGR) lipase assay and with pancreatic ultrasonography in dogs with suspected pancreatitis.
- Author
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Kook PH, Kohler N, Hartnack S, Riond B, and Reusch CE
- Subjects
- Animals, Dog Diseases blood, Dog Diseases diagnostic imaging, Dogs blood, Female, Male, Pancreas diagnostic imaging, Pancreatitis blood, Pancreatitis diagnosis, Pancreatitis diagnostic imaging, Sensitivity and Specificity, Serum Albumin analysis, Ultrasonography, Dog Diseases diagnosis, Glutarates, Oxazines, Pancreatitis veterinary
- Abstract
Background: Spec cPL is the most sensitive and specific test for diagnosing pancreatitis in dogs. Its results have not been compared to those of the 1,2-o-dilauryl-rac-glycero-3-glutaric acid-(6'-methylresorufin) ester (DGGR) lipase assay or those of abdominal ultrasonography., Objectives: To investigate agreement of Spec cPL with DGGR lipase activity and pancreatic ultrasonography in dogs with suspected pancreatitis., Animals: One hundred and forty-two dogs., Methods: DGGR lipase activity (reference range, 24-108 U/L) and Spec cPL were measured using the same sample. The time interval between ultrasonography and lipase determinations was <24 hours. The agreement of the 2 lipase assays at different cutoffs and the agreement between pancreatic ultrasonography and the 2 tests were assessed using Cohen's kappa coefficient (κ)., Results: DGGR lipase (>108, >216 U/L) and Spec cPL (>200 μg/L) had κ values of 0.79 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.69-0.9) and 0.70 (CI, 0.58-0.82). DGGR lipase (>108, >216 U/L) and Spec cPL (>400 μg/L) had κ values of 0.55 (CI, 0.43-0.67) and κ of 0.80 (CI, 0.71-0.9). An ultrasonographic diagnosis of pancreatitis and DGGR lipase (>108, >216 U/L) had κ values of 0.29 (CI, 0.14-0.44) and 0.35 (CI, 0.18-0.52). Ultrasonographically diagnosed pancreatitis and Spec cPL (>200, >400 μg/L) had κ values of 0.25 (CI, 0.08-0.41) and 0.27 (CI, 0.09-0.45)., Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Although both lipase assays showed high agreement, agreement between ultrasonography and lipase assays results was only fair. Because lipase results are deemed more accurate, ultrasonography results should be interpreted carefully., (Copyright © 2014 by the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.)
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Achalasia-like disease with esophageal pressurization in a myasthenic dog.
- Author
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Kempf J, Beckmann K, and Kook PH
- Subjects
- Animals, Cholinesterase Inhibitors therapeutic use, Dog Diseases physiopathology, Dogs, Esophageal Achalasia diagnosis, Esophageal Achalasia etiology, Esophageal Achalasia physiopathology, Esophagus physiopathology, Male, Myasthenia Gravis complications, Myasthenia Gravis diagnosis, Myasthenia Gravis drug therapy, Pyridostigmine Bromide therapeutic use, Remission Induction, Dog Diseases diagnosis, Esophageal Achalasia veterinary, Myasthenia Gravis veterinary
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Degenerative liver disease in young Beagles with hereditary cobalamin malabsorption because of a mutation in the cubilin gene.
- Author
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Kook PH, Drögemüller M, Leeb T, Howard J, and Ruetten M
- Subjects
- Animals, Dog Diseases pathology, Dogs, Female, Liver pathology, Liver Diseases etiology, Liver Diseases genetics, Liver Diseases pathology, Malabsorption Syndromes complications, Malabsorption Syndromes genetics, Malabsorption Syndromes pathology, Male, Mutation genetics, Dog Diseases genetics, Liver Diseases veterinary, Malabsorption Syndromes veterinary, Receptors, Cell Surface genetics, Vitamin B 12 metabolism
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Agreement of the serum Spec fPL™ and 1,2-o-dilauryl-rac-glycero-3-glutaric acid-(6'-methylresorufin) ester lipase assay for the determination of serum lipase in cats with suspicion of pancreatitis.
- Author
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Oppliger S, Hartnack S, Riond B, Reusch CE, and Kook PH
- Subjects
- Animals, Azotemia blood, Azotemia metabolism, Azotemia veterinary, Cat Diseases diagnosis, Cats, Female, Lipase metabolism, Male, Pancreatitis diagnosis, Sensitivity and Specificity, Cat Diseases blood, Glutarates, Lipase blood, Oxazines, Pancreas enzymology, Pancreatitis veterinary
- Abstract
Background: Serum lipase activities measured by catalytic assays are claimed to be of limited utility for diagnosing pancreatitis in cats. The Spec fPL assay currently is believed the most sensitive test; however, studies comparing different lipase assays are lacking. 1,2-o-dilauryl-rac-glycero-3-glutaric acid-(6'-methylresorufin) ester (DGGR) assay for the determination of lipase activity has been evaluated in dogs, but no information is available in cats., Objectives: To investigate the agreement of DGGR-lipase activity and Spec fPL concentration in cats with clinical signs consistent with pancreatitis., Animals: Two hundred fifty-one client-owned cats., Methods: DGGR-lipase activity and Spec fPL concentration measured from the same blood sample in cats undergoing investigation for pancreatitis. The agreement between DGGR-lipase and Spec fPL at different cutoffs was assessed using Cohen's kappa coefficient (κ). Sensitivity and specificity were calculated for 31 cases where pancreatic histopathology was available., Results: DGGR-lipase (cutoff, 26 U/L) and Spec fPL (cutoff, >5.3 μg/L) had a κ of 0.68 (standard error [SE] 0.046). DGGR-lipase (cutoff, 26 U/L) and Spec fPL (cutoff, >3.5 μg/L) had a κ of 0.60 (SE, 0.05). The maximum κ at a Spec fPL cutoff >5.3 μg/L was found when the DGGR-lipase cutoff was set >34 U/L and calculated as 0.755 (SE, 0.042). Sensitivity and specificity were 48% and 63% for DGGR-lipase (cut-off, 26 U/L) and 57% and 63% for Spec fPL (>5.3 μg/L), respectively., Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Both lipase assays agreed substantially. DGGR assay seems a useful and cost-efficient method compared to the Spec fPL test., (Copyright © 2013 by the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.)
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Feasibility and safety of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration of the pancreas in dogs.
- Author
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Kook PH, Baloi P, Ruetten M, Pantchev N, Reusch CE, and Kircher P
- Subjects
- Amylases blood, Animals, Biopsy, Fine-Needle methods, Dog Diseases diagnosis, Dog Diseases enzymology, Dogs, Endosonography methods, Female, Histocytochemistry veterinary, Lipase blood, Male, Pancreatic Diseases diagnosis, Pancreatic Diseases enzymology, Pancreatic Diseases pathology, Biopsy, Fine-Needle veterinary, Dog Diseases pathology, Endosonography veterinary, Pancreatic Diseases veterinary
- Abstract
Background: Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) has proven a useful and safe diagnostic tool for assessing pancreatic disease in human medicine. No information about pancreatic EUS-FNA is available in dogs., Objectives: To assess the feasibility and safety of pancreatic EUS-FNA in healthy dogs., Animals: Thirteen beagles with a median body weight of 13.4 kg., Methods: Experimental study. An ultrasound endoscope (insertion tube outer diameter 11.8 mm) was used, and FNA was carried out with 19 G needles. The optimal puncture site was chosen with the aid of Doppler imaging. Complete clinicopathologic assessments including pain scoring and pancreas-specific lipase measurements were obtained before EUS as well as on day 1 and day 2 after EUS-FNA., Results: The pancreatic body was identified in all dogs, the left lobe was clearly identified in 9/13 and appeared indistinctly marginated in 4/13 dogs, and the distal third of the right lobe could not be identified in 7/13 dogs. EUS-FNA was carried out in 12/13 dogs. Cellularity of smears was adequate for evaluation in 8/12 cases, in which samples were obtained transgastrically (n = 4) or transduodenally (n = 4). All dogs recovered uneventfully and no clinical and laboratory abnormalities occurred during the 48 hour monitoring period after the procedure., Conclusion and Clinical Importance: Although the healthy canine pancreas is difficult to visualize in its entirety with EUS, pancreatic EUS-FNA with a 19 G needle is feasible in medium-sized dogs and can be considered a safe procedure. Its diagnostic usefulness should be evaluated in dogs with pancreatic disease., (Copyright © 2012 by the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.)
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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