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Background: The INPULSIS trials revealed that nintedanib reduced the decline in lung function in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of nintedanib in Japanese idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients in real-world settings. Method: Medical records of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients, who received treatment with nintedanib in five institutions between July 2015 and June 2017, were reviewed. Patients with % forced vital capacity ⩾50% and % predicted diffusing capacity of the lung carbon monoxide ⩾30% were classified as the moderate group and those with more impaired lung functions as the severe group. Result: Among 158 patients analyzed, 132 (84.6%) were classified as the moderate group and 26 (15.4%) as the severe group. In the moderate group, changes in forced vital capacity in 12 months were significantly different between before and after nintedanib administration (−253 ± 163 vs −125 ± 235 mL; p = 0.0027). In contrast, changes in forced vital capacity in 12 months were not significantly changed by nintedanib treatment in the severe group (−353 ± 250 vs −112 ± 341 mL; p = 0.2374). Incidence of acute exacerbation was higher in the severe group than in the moderate group (30.8% vs 18.9%). The overall survival of the moderate and the severe groups was 17.2 and 10.1 months. Conclusion: In real-world practice, nintedanib showed comparable efficacy to those observed in previous trials. In the severe group, the efficacy of nintedanib might be limited.

Abstract Background We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of nab-paclitaxel in patients with refractory advanced non-small cell lung cancer who failed previous chemotherapy. Methods Patients were required to have an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0–2 and adequate organ function. Patients received nab-paclitaxel, 100 mg/m2 i.v. on days 1, 8, and 15 every 4 weeks. The primary endpoint was the overall response rate. Secondary endpoints were the progression-free survival time, overall survival, and the toxicity profile. Results From July 2013 to July 2015, a total of 31 patients were enrolled. Fourteen patients received nab-paclitaxel as a second-line and 17 received it as an over third-line therapy. Each patient received a median of 5 treatment cycles (range, 1–11). The overall response rate was 19.3% (95% confidence interval, 9.1–36.2%) (complete response (n = 0), partial response (n = 6), stable disease (n = 17), and progressive disease (n = 8)). The median progression-free survival time was 4.5 months (95% confidence interval 3.5–6.3 months), median overall survival time was 15.7 months, and 1-year survival rate was 54.8%. Most common grade 3 or 4 non-hematological toxicities were elevated aspartate transaminase level (3.2%) and sensory neuropathy (9.6%). Neutropenia was the most common grade 3 or 4 adverse events (38.6%), and febrile neutropenia developed in 12.9% patients. No treatment-related deaths were observed in this study. Conclusion Primary endpoint was met. Single agent nab-paclitaxel showed significant clinical efficacy and manageable toxicities for patients with chemorefractory advanced non-small cell lung cancer even if late line setting. Trial registration UMIN000011696 . The date of registration was July 11th, 2013.

SUMMARY: Fire hazard with the use of the diode laser has not been reported. We recently experienced a case of intratracheal fire ignited by laser surgery for airway obstruction from lung cancer. We used a gallium-arsenide-aluminium (Ga-As-Al) diode laser for the laser surgery under total intravenous anesthesia with 60% oxygen supplement. It is well known that ignition can occur if the laser beam or its reflection impacts on the endotracheal tube. However, the tissue exposed to the laser also can be the ignition site. Therefore, it is not possible to completely eliminate the risk of fire. It is necessary to investigate the mechanism and prevention of fire hazard in laser surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]