18 results on '"Kjelby, Eirik"'
Search Results
2. Association between C-reactive protein levels and antipsychotic treatment during 12 months follow-up period after acute psychosis
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Fathian, Farivar, Gjestad, Rolf, Kroken, Rune A., Løberg, Else-Marie, Reitan, Solveig Klæbo, Fleichhacker, W. Wolfgang, Rettenbacher, Maria, Larsen, Tor K., Joa, Inge, Stabell, Lena Antonsen, Kjelby, Eirik, Sinkevicute, Igne, Alisauskiene, Renata, Steen, Vidar M., and Johnsen, Erik
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- 2022
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3. Amisulpride, aripiprazole, and olanzapine in patients with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders (BeSt InTro): a pragmatic, rater-blind, semi-randomised trial
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Johnsen, Erik, Kroken, Rune A, Løberg, Else-Marie, Rettenbacher, Maria, Joa, Inge, Larsen, Tor Ketil, Reitan, Solveig Klæbo, Walla, Berit, Alisauskiene, Renata, Anda, Liss Gøril, Bartz-Johannessen, Christoffer, Berle, Jan Øystein, Bjarke, Jill, Fathian, Farivar, Hugdahl, Kenneth, Kjelby, Eirik, Sinkeviciute, Igne, Skrede, Silje, Stabell, Lena, Steen, Vidar M, and Fleischhacker, W Wolfgang
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- 2020
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4. Risk factors for mortality in patients admitted to a psychiatric acute ward: A prospective cohort study.
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Strømme, Maria Fagerbakke, Bartz‐Johannessen, Christoffer, Kjelby, Eirik, Mehlum, Lars, Mykletun, Arnstein, Kroken, Rune Andreas, Johnsen, Erik, and Gjestad, Rolf
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DISEASE risk factors ,MORTALITY risk factors ,PEOPLE with mental illness ,COHORT analysis ,LONGITUDINAL method - Abstract
Introduction: Associations between psychiatric disorders and mortality have been extensively studied, but limited evidence exists regarding influence of clinical characteristics on mortality risk, at the time of acute psychiatric hospitalization. Methods: A prospective total‐cohort study included all patients consecutively admitted to Haukeland University Hospital's psychiatric acute ward in Bergen, Norway between 2005 and 2014 (n = 6125). Clinical interviews were conducted at the first admission within the study period, and patients were subsequently followed for up to 15 years in the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry. Competing risks regression models were used to investigate associations between clinical characteristics at first admission and the risk of natural and unnatural death during follow‐up. Results: The mean age at first admission and at time of death was 42.5 and 62.8 years, respectively, and the proportion of women in the sample was 47.2%. A total of 1381 deaths were registered during follow‐up, of which 65.5% had natural, 30.4% unnatural, and 4.1% unknown causes. Higher age, male sex, unemployment, cognitive deficits, and physical illness were associated with increased risk of natural death. Male sex, having no partner, physical illness, suicide attempts, and excessive use of alcohol and illicit substances were associated with increased risk of unnatural death. Conclusion: Psychiatric symptoms, except suicide attempts, were unrelated to increased mortality risk. In the endeavor to reduce the increased mortality risk in people with mental disorders, focus should be on addressing modifiable risk factors linked to physical health and excessive use of alcohol and illicit substances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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5. Depression trajectories and cytokines in schizophrenia spectrum disorders - A longitudinal observational study
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Hoprekstad, Gunnhild Eldhuset, Kjelby, Eirik, Gjestad, Rolf, Fathian, Farivar, Larsen, Tor Ketil, Reitan, Solveig Klæbo, Rettenbacher, Maria, Torsvik, Anja, Skrede, Silje, Johnsen, Erik, and Kroken, Rune Andreas
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Psychiatry and Mental health ,Biological Psychiatry - Abstract
Depression occurs frequently in all phases of schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Altered activity in the immune system is seen in both depression and schizophrenia. We aimed to uncover depressive trajectories in a sample of 144 adult individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders followed for one year, in order to identify possible cytokine profile differences. Patients were assessed longitudinally with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS), where a score above 6 predicts depression. The serum cytokine concentrations for tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interferon (IFN)-gamma, interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12p70 and IL-17A were measured using immunoassays. Latent growth curve models, multilevel models and latent class growth analysis (LCGA) were applied. The LCGA model supported three latent classes (trajectories) with differing CDSS profiles during the one-year follow-up: a high CDSS group (40.8 % of participants), a moderate CDSS group (43.9 %) and a low CDSS group (15.3 %). Five single PANSS items predicted affiliation to depressive trajectory: hallucinations, difficulty in abstract thinking, anxiety, guilt feelings and tension. In the high CDSS group, despite diminishing psychotic symptoms, depressive symptoms persisted throughout one year. The pro-inflammatory cytokines IFN-γ, IL-1β and TNF-α were differentially distributed between the depressive trajectories, although levels remained remarkably stable throughout 12 months. Significant changes were found for the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 at baseline with an accompanying difference in change over time. More research is required to optimize future treatment stratification and investigate the contribution of inflammation in depressed patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. publishedVersion
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- 2023
6. Reply to a Letter to the Editors From Dr de Souza and colleagues: “Unraveling the Optimal Treatment Approach for Depression in Schizophrenia Spectrum: A Quest for Clarity”.
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Kjelby, Eirik, Gjestad, Rolf, Fathian, Farivar, Sinkeviciute, Igne, Alisauskiene, Renata, Anda, Liss-Gøril, Løberg, Else-Marie, Reitan, Solveig Klæbo, Joa, Inge, Larsen, Tor Ketil, Rettenbacher, Maria, Berle, Jan Øystein, Fasmer, Ole Bernt, Kroken, Rune Andreas, and Johnsen, Erik
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- 2024
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7. Antidepressive Effectiveness of Amisulpride, Aripiprazole, and Olanzapine in Patients With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: A Secondary Outcome Analysis of a Pragmatic, Randomized Trial (BeSt InTro).
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Kjelby, Eirik, Gjestad, Rolf, Fathian, Farivar, Sinkeviciute, Igne, Alisauskiene, Renata, Anda, Liss, Løberg, Else-Marie, Reitan, Solveig Klæbo, Joa, Inge, Larsen, Tor Ketil, Rettenbacher, Maria, Berle, Jan Øystein, Fasmer, Ole Bernt, Kroken, Rune Andreas, and Johnsen, Erik
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- 2023
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8. Differential Effectiveness of Atypical Antipsychotics on Hallucinations: A Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial.
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Sinkeviciute, Igne, Hugdahl, Kenneth, Bartz-Johannessen, Christoffer, Kroken, Rune Andreas, Løberg, Else-Marie, Kjelby, Eirik, Rettenbacher, Maria Anna, Joa, Inge, Reitan, Solveig Klæbo, Alisauskiene, Renata, Fathian, Farivar, and Johnsen, Erik
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- 2021
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9. Mapping psychotic‐like experiences: Results from an online survey.
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Kusztrits, Isabella, Larøi, Frank, Laloyaux, Julien, Marquardt, Lynn, Sinkeviciute, Igne, Kjelby, Eirik, Johnsen, Erik, Sommer, Iris E., Hugdahl, Kenneth, and Hirnstein, Marco
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HALLUCINATIONS ,DELUSIONS ,SCHIZOPHRENIA ,EXPERIENCE ,SURVEYS ,QUESTIONNAIRES - Abstract
Suggestions have been made that psychotic‐like experiences (PLEs), such as hallucinatory and delusional experiences, exist on a continuum from healthy individuals to patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. We used the screening questions of the Questionnaire for Psychotic Experiences (QPE), an interview that captures the presence and phenomenology of various psychotic experiences separately, to assess PLEs in Norway. Based on data from an online survey in a sample of more than 1,400 participants, we demonstrated that the QPE screening questions show satisfactory psychometric properties. Participants with mental disorders reported more frequent lifetime and current hallucinatory experiences than participants without mental disorders. Childhood experiences were rather low and ranged from 0.7% to 5.2%. We further replicated findings that young age, illegal drug use, lower level of education, and having parents with a mental disorder are associated with higher endorsement rates of PLEs. Finally, a binomial regression revealed that the mere presence of PLEs does not discriminate between individuals with and without a mental disorder. Taken together, the findings of the present study support existing models that both hallucinations and delusions exist on a structural and phenomenological continuum. Moreover, we demonstrated that the QPE screening questions can be used by themselves as a complementary tool to the full QPE interview. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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10. Anti-depressive effectiveness of olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone and ziprasidone: a pragmatic, randomized trial
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Løberg Else-Marie, Kroken Rune A, Jørgensen Hugo A, Kjelby Eirik, and Johnsen Erik
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Psychiatry ,RC435-571 - Abstract
Abstract Background Efficacy studies indicate anti-depressive effects of at least some second generation antipsychotics (SGAs). The Bergen Psychosis Project (BPP) is a 24-month, pragmatic, industry-independent, randomized, head-to-head comparison of olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone and ziprasidone in patients acutely admitted with psychosis. The aim of the study is to investigate whether differential anti-depressive effectiveness exists among SGAs in a clinically relevant sample of patients acutely admitted with psychosis. Methods Adult patients acutely admitted to an emergency ward for psychosis were randomized to olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone or ziprasidone and followed for up to 2 years. Participants were assessed repeatedly using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale - Depression factor (PANSS-D) and the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS). Results A total of 226 patients were included. A significant time-effect showing a steady decline in depressive symptoms in all medication groups was demonstrated. There were no substantial differences among the SGAs in reducing the PANSS-D score or the CDSS sum score. Separate analyses of groups with CDSS sum scores > 6 or ≤6, respectively, reflecting degree of depressive morbidity, revealed essentially identical results to the primary analyses. There was a high correlation between the PANSS-D and the CDSS sum score (r = 0.77; p < 0.01). Conclusions There was no substantial difference in anti-depressive effectiveness among olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone or ziprasidone in this clinically relevant sample of patients acutely admitted to hospital for symptoms of psychosis. Based on our findings we can make no recommendations concerning choice of any particular SGA for targeting symptoms of depression in a patient acutely admitted with psychosis. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov ID; URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/: NCT00932529
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- 2011
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11. Poster #S221 SUICIDALITY IN SCHIZOPHRENIA SPECTRUM DISORDERS: RELATION TO HALLUCINATIONS AND PERSECUTORY DELUSIONS
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Kjelby, Eirik, Sinkeviciute, Igne, Gjestad, Rolf, Kroken, Rune Andreas, Løberg, Else-Marie, Jørgensen, Hugo A., and Johnsen, Erik
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- 2014
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12. Sexual Dysfunction and Hyperprolactinemia in Male Psychotic Inpatients: A Cross-Sectional Study.
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Johnsen, Erik, Kroken, Rune, Løberg, Else-Marie, Kjelby, Eirik, and Jørgensen, Hugo A
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SEXUAL dysfunction ,HYPERPROLACTINEMIA ,PSYCHOSES ,CROSS-sectional method ,ANTIPSYCHOTIC agents ,DISEASE prevalence ,EJACULATION - Abstract
Introduction. Sexual dysfunction (SD) and hyperprolactinemia are frequently reported in patients with psychotic disorders and have the potential for severe complications but investigations inmales are particularly scarce. The primary aims were to determine the prevalence of SD and hyperprolactinemia in male patients and to investigate whether associations exist between SD and prolactin levels. Methods. Cross-sectional data were obtained at discharge from the hospital or 6 weeks after admittance for patients acutely admitted for psychosis and treated with a second-generation antipsychotic drug. Results. Half the patients reported diminished sexual desire andmore than a third reported erectile and ejaculatory dysfunctions with no differences among the drugs. More than half the sample was hyperprolactinemic. No association was found between prolactin levels and SD. Conclusion. High rates of SD and hyperprolactinemia were found in male patients and should be a treatment target. SD and hyperprolactinemia were not correlated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2011
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13. Poster #204 TIME TO DISCONTINUATION OF ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUGS IN A SCHIZOPHRENIA COHORT: INFLUENCE OF CURRENT TREATMENT STRATEGIES
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Kroken, Rune A., Kjelby, Eirik, Wentzel-Larsen, Tore, Mellesdal, Liv S., Jorgensen, Hugo A., and Johnsen, Erik
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- 2012
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14. SCHIZOPHRENIA SPECTRUM DISORDER: DEPRESSION TRAJECTORIES AND IMMUNE MARKERS.
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Hoprekstad, Gunnhild, Gjestad, Rolf, Kjelby, Eirik, Skrede, Silje, Johnsen, Erik, and Kroken, Rune A.
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DIAGNOSIS of mental depression ,DIAGNOSIS of schizophrenia ,BIOMARKERS ,CONFERENCES & conventions ,MENTAL depression ,IMMUNE system - Abstract
Background: Genetic findings imply a role of the immune system in the complex psychopathology of schizophrenia, and elevated serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines have been found in patients. Altered levels of cytokines are linked to severe depression and cognitive dysfunction, both of which are common among patients suffering from schizophrenia. Depression is important to diagnose in this patient population as consequences of untreated depression can be severe. In this study we will investigate if the level and change of immune markers in blood are related to depression in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Methods: The study is part of the Bergen-Stavanger-Innsbruck-Trondheim study (BestIntro) which is a multicenter randomized controlled trial comparing treatment with amisulpride, aripirazole and olanzapine. The study included patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (ICD-10 F20-F29) above 18 years with a score of 4 or more one of the following items on the Positive and Negative Syndrome scale (PANSS): Delusions, hallucinations, grandiosity, suspiciousness/persecution and unusual thought content. Participants were followed throughout one year, and for this sub-study participants from all treatment arms were analyzed together. Blood samples were drawn at week 0, 1, 3, 6, 12, 26, 39 and 52. Depression was measured with the Calgary Depression Scale (CDSS) which distinguishes depression from negative symptoms. A panel of 9 immune markers were analyzed: interferon gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin 1-β (IL-1β), interleukin 10 (IL-10), interleukin 12p70 (IL-12p70), interleukin 17A (IL-17A), interleukin 2 (IL-2), interleukin 4 (IL-4), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). We examined whether the level and change in inflammation parameters could be predicted by latent classes describing CDSS trajectories. Results: The preliminary results suggest three different CDSS trajectories: high, moderate and low level of depression. In the three class model, the different groups were found to be related to some differences in level and change in the inflammation parameters. Baseline differences were found with higher IL-10 in the high depression group. In the 0–1 week interval, the low depression trajectory group reduced their IL1-beta, while the other two groups did not. Discussion: Different courses of change in depression were identified suggesting that trajectories exist. With regard to temporal patterns of inflammatory parameters, findings point in the opposite direction of the established links between pro-inflammatory cytokines and depression. Further studies should explore if cytokine alterations in schizophrenia per se can explain this difference, or if depression in schizophrenia differs in its underlying biology from regular depressive states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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15. Does drug use affect the efficacy of amisulpride, aripiprazole and olanzapine in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders? Results from a pragmatic, randomised study.
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Alisauskiene, Renata, Johnsen, Erik, Gjestad, Rolf, Kroken, Rune A., Kjelby, Eirik, Sinkeviciute, Igne, Fathian, Farivar, Joa, Inge, Reitan, Solveig Klæbo, Rettenbacher, Maria, and Løberg, Else-Marie
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DRUG efficacy , *ARIPIPRAZOLE , *SUBSTANCE abuse , *SCHIZOPHRENIA , *OLANZAPINE , *COCAINE , *BENZAMIDE , *SECONDARY analysis , *HALLUCINOGENIC drugs - Abstract
Drug use is prevalent in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) but there is limited knowledge about the influence of drug use on the effectiveness of antipsychotic medication. This secondary explorative study compared the effectiveness of three antipsychotics in patients with SSD, with and without drug use. The BeSt InTro multi-centre, head to head, rater-blinded randomised study compared amisulpride, aripiprazole and olanzapine over a 1-year follow-up period. All patients (n = 144) were aged ≥18 years and met the ICD-10 criteria for SSD (F20–29). Clinical symptoms were assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). The primary outcome was reduction of a PANSS positive subscale score. At baseline, 38% of all patients reported drug use in the last 6 months before inclusion, with cannabis as the main drug (85%), followed by amphetamine-type stimulants (45%), sedatives (26%), hallucinogens (19%), cocaine (13%), opiates (4%), GHB (4%), solvents (4%), analgesics (4%) and anabolic steroids (2%). The predominant pattern was the use of several drugs. There were no significant overall differences in the PANSS positive subscale score reduction for the three studied antipsychotics among patients either with or without drug use. In the drug use group, older patients treated with amisulpride showed a greater PANSS positive subscale score reduction during the treatment period compared to younger patients. The current study showed that drug use does not appear to affect the overall effectiveness of amisulpride, aripiprazole and olanzapine in patients with SSD. However, amisulpride may be a particularly suitable choice for older patients with drug use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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16. Elderly patients with no previous psychiatric history: suicidality and other factors relating to psychiatric acute admissions.
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Lund-Heimark H, Kjelby E, Mehlum L, Gjestad R, Selbæk G, Kroken RA, Johnsen E, Oedegaard KJ, and Mellesdal LS
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Background: The common recommendation that adults with onset of mental illness after the age of 65 should receive specialised psychogeriatric treatment is based on limited evidence., Aims: To compare factors related to psychiatric acute admission in older adults who have no previous psychiatric history (NPH) with that of those who have a previous psychiatric history (PPH)., Method: Cross-sectional cohort study of 918 patients aged ≥65 years consecutively admitted to a general adult psychiatric acute unit from 2005 to 2014., Results: Patients in the NPH group (n = 526) were significantly older than those in the PPH group (n = 391) (77.6 v. 70.9 years P < 0.001), more likely to be men, married or widowed and admitted involuntarily. Diagnostic prevalence in the NPH and PPH groups were 49.0% v. 8.4% (P < 0.001) for organic mental disorders, 14.6% v. 30.4% (P < 0.001) for psychotic disorders, 30.2% v. 55.5% (P < 0.001) for affective disorders and 20.7% v. 13.3% (P = 0.003) for somatic disorders. The NPH group scored significantly higher on the Health of the Nation Outcome Scale (HoNOS) items agitated behaviour; cognitive problems; physical illness or disability and problems with activities of daily living, whereas those in the PPH group scored significantly higher on depressed mood. Although the PPH group were more likely to report suicidal ideation, those in the NPH group were more likely to have made a suicide attempt before the admission., Conclusions: Among psychiatric patients >65 years, the subgroup with NPH were characterised by more physical frailty, somatic comorbidity and functional and cognitive impairment as well as higher rates of preadmission suicide attempts. Admitting facilities should be appropriately suited to manage their needs.
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- 2020
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17. Time to discontinuation of antipsychotic drugs in a schizophrenia cohort: influence of current treatment strategies.
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Kroken RA, Kjelby E, Wentzel-Larsen T, Mellesdal LS, Jørgensen HA, and Johnsen E
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Background: Rates of discontinuation of antipsychotic treatment for patients with schizophrenia are high and evidence is limited by selective inclusion and high attrition in randomized controlled trials., Aims: To study time to discontinuation of antipsychotic treatment for patients with schizophrenia., Method: All patients with schizophrenia (n = 396) discharged between 2005 and 2011 were followed until discontinuation (clinician or patient decided) of antipsychotic treatment or other endpoints. Univariate and multivariate survival analyses (with time on antipsychotic treatment as the dependent variable) using time-dependent variables were performed., Results: Clozapine displayed lower risk for all-cause (p < 0.001), clinician-decided (p = 0.012) and patient-decided (p = 0.039) discontinuation versus olanzapine oral treatment in the multivariate Cox regression. Second-generation long-acting injection antipsychotics (LAI) (p = 0.015) and first-generation long-acting injection antipsychotics (p = 0.013) showed significantly lower risks for patient-decided discontinuation than olanzapine oral., Conclusion: Higher effectiveness of clozapine and LAI treatment versus oral olanzapine were identified in a clinical cohort of patients with schizophrenia.
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- 2014
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18. Anti-depressive effectiveness of olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone and ziprasidone: a pragmatic, randomized trial.
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Kjelby E, Jørgensen HA, Kroken RA, Løberg EM, and Johnsen E
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- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Antidepressive Agents therapeutic use, Depression complications, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Olanzapine, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales statistics & numerical data, Psychotic Disorders complications, Quetiapine Fumarate, Benzodiazepines therapeutic use, Depression drug therapy, Dibenzothiazepines therapeutic use, Piperazines therapeutic use, Psychotic Disorders drug therapy, Risperidone therapeutic use, Thiazoles therapeutic use
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Background: Efficacy studies indicate anti-depressive effects of at least some second generation antipsychotics (SGAs). The Bergen Psychosis Project (BPP) is a 24-month, pragmatic, industry-independent, randomized, head-to-head comparison of olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone and ziprasidone in patients acutely admitted with psychosis. The aim of the study is to investigate whether differential anti-depressive effectiveness exists among SGAs in a clinically relevant sample of patients acutely admitted with psychosis., Methods: Adult patients acutely admitted to an emergency ward for psychosis were randomized to olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone or ziprasidone and followed for up to 2 years. Participants were assessed repeatedly using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale-Depression factor (PANSS-D) and the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS)., Results: A total of 226 patients were included. A significant time-effect showing a steady decline in depressive symptoms in all medication groups was demonstrated. There were no substantial differences among the SGAs in reducing the PANSS-D score or the CDSS sum score. Separate analyses of groups with CDSS sum scores > 6 or ≤6, respectively, reflecting degree of depressive morbidity, revealed essentially identical results to the primary analyses. There was a high correlation between the PANSS-D and the CDSS sum score (r = 0.77; p < 0.01)., Conclusions: There was no substantial difference in anti-depressive effectiveness among olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone or ziprasidone in this clinically relevant sample of patients acutely admitted to hospital for symptoms of psychosis. Based on our findings we can make no recommendations concerning choice of any particular SGA for targeting symptoms of depression in a patient acutely admitted with psychosis., Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov ID; URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/: NCT00932529.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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