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This work explores the heat transfer properties and mathematical modeling of blood‐based hybrid nanofluid flow on a moving extensible surface in magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow. For the first time, this model is treated semi numerical with the influence of viscous dissipation. Blood, a complex biological fluid, is added to the nanoparticles aluminum oxide and copper as a base fluid for the formation of hybrid nanofluid. We formulate the governing partial differential equations assuming laminar, incompressible, and steady‐state flow. Applying the appropriate similarity transformation, a nonlinear system of ODEs is obtained from the recommended system of PDEs. Semi numerical simulations are utilized to analyze the effects of the flow and heat transfer characteristics of the including Eckert number, thermal radiation, magnetic field, couple stress parameter, and volume fraction of nanoparticles. The findings show that the magnetic factor, thermal radiation, and Eckert number significantly increase the rates of heat transfer, furthermore, the velocity field of hybrid nanofluid is decreasing with the increasing of couple stress, magnetic field, and nanoparticles volume friction, while skin friction is increasing with the increasing of couple stress, magnetic field, and nanoparticles volume friction. This work opens up new possibilities for optimizing heat transfer processes in biomedical applications involving blood flow by shedding light on the intricate interactions between surface stretching, hybrid nanofluid properties, and magnetic field effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we will look at the analytical characterization of water and motor oil‐based nanofluid flow and the effects of viscous dissipation and variable viscosity on stretching surfaces. The primary goal of this research is to improve heat transfer efficiency in a range of systems, including cooling applications, refrigeration systems, and heat exchangers. The addition of nanoparticles to the base fluid increases its thermal conductivity, which boosts heat transfer rates. The flow system considers the impact of viscous dissipation. In addition, this methodology accounts for temperature and velocity slips during stretching. We utilized the proper transformations to convert a set of PDEs to NLODEs. To solve this system of equations, we use hybrid nanofluid. The impact of different parameters obtained from temperature and velocity equations involving the porosity parameter, power law number, ratio velocity, dynamic viscosity, Forchheimer parameter, and Eckert number input factors are shown in the form of graphs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research work investigates the semi‐numerical analysis and heat transfer of MHD 2D, Copper Oxide, and Magnesium oxide engine oil base nanofluid with the consider effect of dynamic viscosity and convective boundary conditions (BCs). The convective BCs and the effect of dynamic viscosity on an extensible surface are considered by the flow system. We converted a set of PDEs into NODEs by applying the appropriate transformations. Using the HAM, we solve this dimensionless coupled equation one for temperature and other for velocity. The impact of various parameters for both temperature and velocity are demonstrated, such as the slip parameter, magnetic parameter (MP), Eckert number (EN), PN, and dynamic viscosity. In response to changes in developing factors, the flow features, such as temperature profiles (TPs) and velocity profiles (VPs), are analyzed and simulated using a physical description. The results of this study add to our knowledge of how engine oil‐based nanofluids promote heat transmission and offer practical advice for thermal management and engineering applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work leaves to explore the stability of a 2‐D, time free, thermal boundary layer of graphene oxide ethylene glycol (GO‐EG,) where GO‐blood is taken as base nanofluids over a stretchable surface by executing a magnetic field (MHD), coupled stress effects, heat source/sink, and sun‐oriented radiations. This work is done due to the reason that nanofluids have a higher heat conductivity level rather than regular liquids. Nonlinear partial differential equations (N‐PDEs) are modeled utilizing the notable boundary layer equations. Dimensionless ordinary differential conditions (ODEs) are made from the created NPDEs by utilizing dimensional analysis and group theoretic approach. We examine the obtained ODEs through the notable homotopy analysis technique (HAM). The impacts of different parameters on temperature distribution and velocity profiles are shown graphically. However, some tables are constructed in support of the presented study to confirm the stability and convergence of the solutions. The main intentions in this work are to underline the enhancement of traditional heat transfer's thermal conductivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current research paper investigates the viscous dissipation, influence of Marangoni convection (MC), and the variable fluid viscosity of nanofluid flow on stretching surfaces. The flow system takes into account variable viscosity with the impact of MC. Furthermore, velocity and temperature slips at the stretching surface are also considered in this study. To convert a collection of NLPDE to a NODE, we applied appropriate transformations. We utilize Homotopy analysis method (HAM) to solve this set of equations. The effects of temperature, tangential, and radial velocities on numerical perceptions involving Marangoni convection, nanoparticle volume friction, porosity parameter, Eckert number (EN) and heat source input factors are shown. A physical description is used to simulate and evaluate the structures of flow features such as velocity and temperature profiles in response to changes in developing factors. Based on the given result, we can observe that the temperature profile increases as EN and the heat source parameter increase, and that the velocity profile decreases as MC increases and increases with the porosity parameter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research paper investigates a two-dimensional couple stress flow of hybrid nanofluid (HN) over a nonlinear stretching surface with heat transfer analysis. HNs are well-known for their exceptional heat transfer properties compared to conventional fluids. The mathematical modeling of the problem involves the formulation of basic governing equations, namely, continuity, momentum and energy equations. To simplify the analysis, a similarity transformation technique is employed to convert the dimensional NLPDEs into dimensionless NODEs. Subsequently, the obtained governing equations are analytically solved using the HAM. The investigation explores the impact of several parameters, including magnetic field inclination, slip parameter, couple stress parameter, nanoparticle volume fraction, nonlinear stretching parameter, EN, thermophoresis parameter and PN. This study presents graphical representations of temperature and velocity distribution to visualize the effects of these parameters on the HN flow. Furthermore, different graphs and tables are employed to explain the impact of the factors on SF and NN. Notably, the results indicate that the HN exhibits significantly enhanced heat transfer properties over the base fluid, particularly under the influence of an inclined magnetic field. This research is expected to contribute to the advancement of the field of condensed nanostructure and nanomaterials, opening new avenues for further exploration in heat transfer enhancement applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new equation is proposed for practical flexural design of high-strength concrete columns confined externally with tensioned steel straps. The proposed equation is based on the simplified approach of the equivalent moment factor adopted by existing design codes. It also accounts for non-linear behaviour of the materials, which is usually neglected in the codes. The equation was derived using results from rigorous theoretical analyses of 120 simulated strap-confined columns subjected to short-term ultimate loads and unequal flexural moments at the column ends. The theoretical simulations accounted for parameters shown to influence the design of strap-confined columns, such as load eccentricity, longitudinal reinforcement ratio, free concrete cover and volumetric confinement ratio. The proposed equation was found to predict the strength of strap-confined columns with sufficient accuracy, making it suitable for practical design and rapid assessment of such structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]