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To design a social and emotional learning (SEL) skills training program for children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Quantitative electroencephalography was analyzed, focusing on the strengths and weaknesses in the brain mapping performance (BMP) of children. A total of 305 participants with and without ADHD were recruited. Theta relative power was analyzed using stepwise multiple regression. Twelve brain locations were further predicted using a design thinking model to develop a reasonable prototype via crossover methods. Both strengths and weaknesses were found at the T5 and F7 brain regions in the ADHD group. The Fz region was a well-defined predictor in both groups. The co-predictors of both groups were F3 and F4. No comparison was suggested to enhance positive performance in either group of children. The SEL program could be designed based on a good-fit model of the BMP of these subcomponents of primary brain functions.

Occupational therapists utilize cooking groups to optimize intrinsic capacity and functional ability, but there is a lack of scientific evaluation. This quasi-experimental study aimed to investigate the effect of a cooking group on cognitive, emotional, psychomotor, and interpersonal performance in older adults. Nineteen participants with chronic conditions were recruited to attend ten consecutive cooking sessions. Large Allen Cognitive Level Screen-5 (LACLS-5), Thai Geriatric Depression Scale (TGDS-15), psychomotor speed test and interpersonal communication observation were used. The results showed significant improvement in the study outcomes. Therefore, the cooking groups have improved cooperative capacity through engaging the older adults' functional abilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Occupation-based practice is a core tenet of occupational therapy. This study explores perspectives and experiences with occupation-based practice among Thai occupational therapists. Method: Using mixed methods, a focus group was conducted with eight occupational therapists, and the results were interpreted using thematic analysis. A questionnaire survey was also completed concerning practitioner perspectives (n = 216). Findings: Three major themes were identified: (a) perspectives on occupation-based practice were related to practice areas and felt to strengthen the identity of occupational therapy (52% strongly agree), leading to improved services and better outcomes for clients (44% strongly agree); (b) approaches focused on activities of daily living were appropriate for cross-practice areas; and (c) occupation-based practice is consistent with integrated medical sciences and occupations for clients (52% strongly agree). Conclusion: Implementing occupation-based practice will be of value to clients, provide benefits as a compass to direct processes, and enhance clinical reasoning and outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To design a social and emotional learning (SEL) skills training program for children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Quantitative electroencephalography was analyzed, focusing on the strengths and weaknesses in the brain mapping performance (BMP) of children. A total of 305 participants with and without ADHD were recruited. Theta relative power was analyzed using stepwise multiple regression. Twelve brain locations were further predicted using a design thinking model to develop a reasonable prototype via crossover methods. Both strengths and weaknesses were found at the T5 and F7 brain regions in the ADHD group. The Fz region was a well‐defined predictor in both groups. The co‐predictors of both groups were F3 and F4. No comparison was suggested to enhance positive performance in either group of children. The SEL program could be designed based on a good‐fit model of the BMP of these subcomponents of primary brain functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Importance: Brain mapping performance (BMP) may provide strong predictors to analyze primary functional outcomes and support occupational therapy with clients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Objective: To clarify the value of quantitative electroencephalography to indicate BMP in children with ADHD. Design: One-year cross-sectional study. Setting: Brain Computer Interface Laboratory, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand. Participants: Thai school-age children with and without ADHD (N = 305). Outcomes and Measures: We used u relative power in concordance with stepwise multiple regression analysis. Outcomes included measures of 12 brain locations that were compared between children with and without ADHD. Results: Significant differences were found between the groups, especially for Cz, T3, Fp1, Fz, F4, and F7. According to BMP, the group with ADHD had higher emotional awareness and language comprehension than the group without ADHD. Conclusions and Relevance: Occupational therapy practitioners can use BMP as a valuable tool for setting occupational goals to help children with ADHD improve their social--emotional learning performance in school and in the community. BMP may provide an evaluation to support occupational therapy services for clients with ADHD. The result can be applied in clinical settings by quantitative electroencephalography training. What This Article Adds: BMP can be used as a neuropsychological and behavioral assessment tool for setting SMART (specific, measurable, attainable, relevant, and time-oriented) goals for occupational therapy services for clients with ADHD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Musical training in leisure time has influenced the well-being and health of the elderly individuals, but the Thai elderly people spend more leisure time resting. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of a musical training program on reaction times in the Thai elderly individuals. Healthy elderly individuals of both sexes with no musical background were randomly divided into one control group (n = 30) and one experimental group (n = 30). The control group did not receive the musical training program, but the experimental group received the musical training program for 7 weeks (20 minutes per week). Reaction times of the participants’ dominant index were measured during the first and seventh week. The experimental group had significantly faster visual and auditory reaction times than the control group in the seventh week. The musical training program promoted health accessibility and leisure participation for the Thai elderly individuals by improving their visual and auditory reaction time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A measurement tool has been developed to classify and quantify participation in different types of leisure for adults with chronic health conditions. This tool is needed to provide more understanding of the contribution to health outcomes of positive and negative engagement in leisure activities. This paper reports on the development of the Classification of Leisure Participation (CLP) Scale for women with chronic conditions. Sixty-one leisure and social activity items were generated from previous studies. Using a postal survey, 102 participants were asked to indicate whether each item represented mostly physical, social, educational/creative, or passive leisure. Using cluster analysis and a cut-off of 60% agreement, 16 physical items, 14 social items, 0 educational/creative items, and 8 passive items were identified. Strong face validity was based on the item generation existing from research of women with chronic conditions. Strong internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's Alpha = 0.74) was found for the overall scale. Construct validity (hypothesis testing procedure) found mild to moderate correlations between physical/social leisure and some subscales of the SF-36 at p < 0.05. The CLP Scale provides a mechanism to further investigate the impact of leisure participation on physical and mental health in adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Personal recovery, a western conceptualisation that focuses on hope and living meaningful lives of choice rather than focusing on symptom reduction, is a more recent concept in many Asian countries including Thailand. One way to promote recovery-oriented service delivery is to use outcome measures that capture self-reported personal recovery. This study aimed to evaluate a Thai translation of a self-report measure of mental health recovery, the Recovery Assessment Scale - Domains and Stages (RAS-DS). The study also explored the cultural similarities and differences between Thai ( n   =  190) and Australian ( n   =  301) recovery experiences by comparing Thai and Australian participant responses to RAS-DS items. Data were analysed using Rasch analysis. Analyses revealed that the Thai version of the RAS-DS had adequate measurement properties. Cultural comparisons suggested that most aspects contained within the RAS-DS appear to be applicable across both Thai and Australian contexts. Three findings suggest linguistic or cultural differences in Thai and Australian recovery experiences: (i) a ceiling effect for Thai participants, (ii) some items were "harder" or "easier" for one cultural group to endorse than the other, and (iii) a few items were "misfitting" for Thai participants., Competing Interests: Declaration of conflicting interestsThe authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Objective: To compare muscle strength, balance, walking and stair climbing abilities among individuals after chronic stroke with or without mental health problems; to describe their physiological response after stress stimulation., Material and Method: Subjects who had their first stroke more than one year ago were classified for mental health problems according to the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21. Lower extremity muscle strength of the quadriceps and plantar flexors, was measured by dynamometer Balance and walking performance was measured by the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), 10-m walk test and timing of stair climbing. Community participation and spiritual well-being were measured. The physiological response of stress stimulation was assessed by the long stress test protocol of the biofeedback device., Results: Forty-five subjects with chronic stroke aged 40-80 years were grouped by with (n = 25) and without mental health problems (n = 20). Significant differences were found in quadriceps muscle strength, BBS, walking and stair climbing speed, community participation and spiritual well-being between two groups. In the stress stimulus phase, the electromyography and heart rate variability demonstrated significant difference between those with and without stress., Conclusion: Individuals with chronic stroke with mental health problems demonstrated decreased quadriceps muscle strength, balance and locomotor performances.

Objective: To compare psychomotor function between a music student group who had music education and a non-music student group who participated in music training., Material and Method: Consecutive sampling was used for completing questionnaires, testing reaction times (visual, auditory, and tactile system), measuring electromyography of upper trapezius muscles both sides and taking photos of the Craniovertebral (CV) angle in the sitting position. Data collection was made twice for each student group: the music students at one-hour intervals for resting and conducting nonmusic activities, the non-music students at two-day intervals, 20 minutes/session, and performed music training (by a manual of keyboard notation)., Results: The non-music students (n = 65) improved reaction times, but responded slower than the music students except for the tactile system. The music students (n = 28) showed faster reaction times and higher activities of the trapezius muscle than the non-music students at post-test. In addition, the CV angle of the non-music students was significantly improved., Conclusion: The level of musical ability may influence the psychomotor function. Significant improvement was observed in visual, auditory and tactile reaction time, and CV angle in the non-music students. However upper trapezius muscle activities between both student groups were unchanged.

This study investigates measurement issues when using the Actigraph motion sensor to measure the physical activity of people with disabilities. Four volunteers with rheumatoid arthritis participated in the study. Activity levels were measured using the Actigraph over four consecutive weekdays. Activity counts were determined using Actigraph Standard Software. The daily percent of waking time spent at each intensity level was calculated and a weighted average calculated to determine a single daily measure of activity. The variability of measurement, over 1, 2, 3 and 4 days, was examined using these weighted and rolling averages. Activity counts were very low, with over 50% of waking time spent in the 'very low' intensity category, demonstrating a marked floor effect. Little variability (+/-0.11 counts/min) in the level of physical activity was found across 1-4 days. The limited variability (consistency across days) in combination with the floor effect indicates that a 1-day data collection period is adequate. The limitations of the Actigraph are thus related to the existing software options, which have been designed for people without rheumatoid arthritis. The Actigraph does not appear to be a sensitive measure in people performing very low physical activity.