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335,089 results on '"Karl, A."'

1. Beyond the Silver Bullet: Unveiling Multiple Pathways to School Turnaround. EdWorkingPaper No. 24-979

Author

Annenberg Institute for School Reform at Brown University, Stefan Arora-Jonsson, Ema Kristina Demir, Axel Norgren, and Karl Wennberg

Abstract

Research on school improvement has accumulated an extensive list of factors that facilitate turnarounds at underperforming schools. Given that contextual or resource constraints may limit the possibilities of putting all of these factors in place, an important question is what is necessary and sufficient to turn a school around. We use a qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) of 77 Swedish schools studied over 12 years to answer this question. Our core finding is that there is no "silver bullet" solution. There are, instead, several distinct combinations of factors that can enable a turnaround. The local school context is essential for which combinations of factors are necessary and sufficient for school turnaround. We discuss implications for research on school improvement and education policy.

Published
2024

2. Intellectual Development and the Core-Selective Evaluation Process: Gaining Insight and Understanding of Students with Specific Learning Disabilities

Author

Edward Karl Schultz, Tammy Stephens, and Pedro Olvera

Abstract

The specific learning disabilities (SLD) identification literature is replete with competing narratives concerning the advantages and disadvantages of various techniques and methods. Until a widely accepted and empirically proven SLD identification methodology is universally supported, evaluators should seek to improve the existing alternatives. This article describes the value of using norm-referenced testing of intellectual development to comprehensively identify specific learning disabilities (SLD) as advocated by the Core-Selective Evaluation Process (C-SEP). To this end, we will define intellectual development and describe practices such as integrated data analysis and task demand analysis.

Published
2024
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3. Evaluating How Extended Reality Delivery Device and Preservice Teacher Major Impact Presence in Immersive Learning Environments

Author

Enrico Gandolfi, Richard E. Ferdig, and Karl W. Kosko

Abstract

Teacher education has begun to embrace the use of 360 videos to improve preservice teachers' (PSTs) engagement and immersion. While recent research on such use is promising overall, there are specific questions that have been left unanswered about the construct of presence in 360 videos. More specifically, research has yet to fully explore how video delivery devices and PST characteristics may impact presence. The purpose of this study was to respond to this gap in the literature by examining PST major, delivery device (ie, head mounted display vs. flat screen), and the interaction between the two in informing presence. A total of 93 PSTs watched 360 videos and then completed a questionnaire. Findings indicated that presence in head-mounted displays was related to emotions and agency. Conversely, presence with flat screens meant familiarity and control. Moreover, PST major was a predictor of presence, suggesting that 360 videos should be personalized according to PST career and professional goals. Finally, the interaction effect of preparing to teach K-12 mathematics and wearing a head-mounted display had a negative and statistically significant effect on participants' perceived presence, thus indicating a non-cumulative effect.

Published
2024
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4. Establishing Guidelines for MLU Measurement in an Agglutinating Language: An Illustration of Georgian

Author

Tinatin Tchintcharauli, Nino Tsintsadze, Teona Damenia, Tamar Kalkhitashvili, Nino Doborjginidze, and Sigal Uziel-Karl

Abstract

This article explores the applicability of mean length of utterance (MLU) as a language assessment measure for Georgian child language, as to-date, Georgian, a morphologically rich language with numerous inflectional categories, experiences an extensive lack of instruments for early language assessment. To this end, a set of guidelines for calculating Georgian MLU was developed based on the analysis of a longitudinal corpus of two Georgian-speaking children aged 12-35 months. This was supported by the findings of previous studies on Georgian acquisition. Furthermore, the guidelines were used to compare MLU in morphemes (MLU-m) with MLU in words (MLU-w) and MLU in syllables (MLU-s) to determine the most suitable method for assessing morphological development in Georgian. These results indicate that MLU-m closely aligns with the description of language development in Georgian children. MLU-s is useful for demonstrating early linguistic development, while MLU-w correlates with age but does not capture changes within words over time. Further testing on a larger corpus is needed to refine the guidelines for more accurate assessment of Georgian-speaking children.

Published
2024
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5. Schools and Institutional Leadership in Action: A Systematic Literature Review

Author

Karl Coutet

Abstract

As institutions, schools hold a place of significant value for their stakeholders. Selznick (1957/1984) recognised that institutions require a particular type of leadership that is concerned with the promotion and protection of values. Although not a new theory, institutional leadership has not received much attention by both researchers and practitioners since its formation, which has given way to the more familiar concepts of transactional and transformational leadership. A systematic literature review was carried out to survey what enactments of institutional leadership are taking place in different institutions and what impact Selznick's theories still have on leadership practice. A thematic analysis of the literature found institutional leaders acting in five areas: (1) managing institutional identity, (2) leading followers, (3) managing the external environment, (4) organisational management, and (5) management of the self. The findings could be useful to school leaders who seek to adopt a leadership style that ensures the survival of their institutions.

Published
2024
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6. Achievement Effects of Dual Language Immersion in One-Way and Two-Way Programs: Evidence from a Statewide Expansion

Author

Jennifer L. Steele, Johanna Watzinger-Tharp, Robert O. Slater, Gregg Roberts, and Karl Bowman

Abstract

The rising demand for dual-language immersion (DLI) programs, which offer core instruction in two languages from early grades onward, has raised questions about program design and access. We leverage the rapid expansion of DLI schools across the U.S. state of Utah to estimate effects of DLI program availability on the academic achievement of primary English speakers and English learners (ELs) in programs that serve mainly the former (one-way) or at least a third of the latter (two-way). Using within-school variation in first graders' access to DLI programs, we find no overall effects on English, math, or science scores from grades 3 to 6. However, ELs whose primary languages match the schools' partner languages in two-way schools show notable outperformance in math and higher English-language proficiency at grade 5. Benefits of DLI access are driven by schools with a larger share of primary speakers of the partner language. [This paper will be published in "The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis and Policy."]

Published
2024

9. Metabolic and Bariatric Surgeon Criteria—An International Experts’ Consensus

Author

Kermansaravi, Mohammad, Chiappetta, Sonja, Shikora, Scott A., Musella, Mario, Kow, Lilian, Aarts, Edo, Abbas, Syed Imran, Aly, Ahmad, Aminian, Ali, Angrisani, Luigi, Asghar, Syed Tanseer, Bashir, Ahmad, Behrens, Estuardo, Billy, Helmuth, Boza, Camilo, Brown, Wendy A., Caina, Daniel Oscar, Carbajo, Miguel A., Chevallier, Jean-Marc, Clapp, Benjamin, Cohen, Ricardo V., Jazi, Amir Hossein Davarpanah, De Luca, Maurizio, Dilemans, Bruno, Fried, Martin, Gagner, Michel, Neto, Manoel Galvao, Garneau, Pierre Y., Gawdat, Khaled, Ghanem, Omar M., Al Hadad, Mohammed, Haddad, Ashraf, ElFawal, Mohamad Hayssam, Herrera, Miguel F., Higa, Kelvin, Himpens, Jaques, Husain, Farah, Kasama, Kazunori, Kassir, Radwan, Khoursheed, Mousa, Khwaja, Haris, Kristinsson, Jon A., Kroh, Matthew, Kurian, Marina S., Lakdawala, Muffazal, LaMasters, Teresa, Lee, Wei-Jei, Madhok, Brijesh, Mahawar, Kamal, Mahdy, Tarek, Almomani, Hazem, Melissas, John, Miller, Karl, Neimark, Alexander, Omarov, Taryel, Palermo, Mariano, Papasavas, Pavlos K., Parmar, Chetan, Pazouki, Abdolreza, Peterli, Ralph, Pintar, Tadeja, Poggi, Luis, Ponce, Jaime, Prasad, Arun, Pratt, Janey S. A., Ramos, Almino C., Rezvani, Masoud, Rheinwalt, Karl, Ribeiro, Rui, Ruiz-Ucar, Elena, Sabry, Karim, Safadi, Bassem, Shabbir, Asim, ShahabiShahmiri, Shahab, Stenberg, Erik, Suter, Michel, Taha, Safwan, Taskin, Halit Eren, Torres, Antonio, Verboonen, Sergio, Vilallonga, Ramon, Voon, Kelvin, Wafa, Ala, Wang, Cunchuan, Weiner, Rudolf, Yang, Wah, Zundel, Natan, Prager, Gerhard, and Nimeri, Abdelrahman

Published
2024
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10. Single-cell atlas of the human brain vasculature across development, adulthood and disease

Author

Wälchli, Thomas, Ghobrial, Moheb, Schwab, Marc, Takada, Shigeki, Zhong, Hang, Suntharalingham, Samuel, Vetiska, Sandra, Gonzalez, Daymé Rodrigues, Wu, Ruilin, Rehrauer, Hubert, Dinesh, Anuroopa, Yu, Kai, Chen, Edward L. Y., Bisschop, Jeroen, Farnhammer, Fiona, Mansur, Ann, Kalucka, Joanna, Tirosh, Itay, Regli, Luca, Schaller, Karl, Frei, Karl, Ketela, Troy, Bernstein, Mark, Kongkham, Paul, Carmeliet, Peter, Valiante, Taufik, Dirks, Peter B., Suva, Mario L., Zadeh, Gelareh, Tabar, Viviane, Schlapbach, Ralph, Jackson, Hartland W., De Bock, Katrien, Fish, Jason E., Monnier, Philippe P., Bader, Gary D., and Radovanovic, Ivan

Published
2024
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12. Revision/Conversion Surgeries After One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass—An Experts’ Modified Delphi Consensus

Author

Kermansaravi, Mohammad, Chiappetta, Sonja, Parmar, Chetan, Carbajo, Miguel A., Musella, Mario, Chevallier, Jean-Marc, Ribeiro, Rui, Ramos, Almino C., Weiner, Rudolf, Nimeri, Abdelrahman, Aarts, Edo, Abbas, Syed Imran, Bashir, Ahmad, Behrens, Estuardo, Billy, Helmuth, Cohen, Ricardo V., Caina, Daniel, De Luca, Maurizio, Dillemans, Bruno, Fobi, Mathias A. L., Neto, Manoel Galvao, Gawdat, Khaled, ElFawal, Mohamad Hayssam, Kasama, Kazunori, Kassir, Radwan, Khan, Amir, Kow, Lilian, Kular, Kul Deepak Singh, Lakdawala, Muffazal, Layani, Laurent, Lee, Wei-Jei, Luque-de-León, Enrique, Mahawar, Kamal, Almomani, Hazem, Miller, Karl, González, Juan Carlos Olivares, Prasad, Arun, Rheinwalt, Karl, Rutledge, Robert, Safadi, Bassem, Salminen, Paulina, Shabbir, Asim, Taskin, Halit Eren, Verboonen, Jose Sergio, Vilallonga, Ramon, Wang, Cunchuan, Shikora, Scott A., and Prager, Gerhard

Published
2024
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13. Student Flow Visualization

Author

Alexander Karl Ferdinand Loder

Abstract

Universities aim at increasing student retention, with evidence-based and data-based governance of universities becoming best practice. In this context, managing large amounts of data in university management is a challenge. Sankey diagram visualizations of student flows per time unit (e.g. semesters) have been used as method for structuring but lacked the ability to go beyond program level. This study aims to advance this method by displaying multiple student lifecycles from school to doctorate, while including user-based input. Data of 83,264 students enrolled into 140,593 programs between 2012/13 and 2022/23 with 657.615 distinct rows in the raw data were used. A self-synchronizing web interface was provided, including filter and stratification variables. The diagrams could be mapped to students' lifecycles and extended over all degree levels and fields of study. Limitations were data availability and the lack of indicators for each stage of the student lifecycle. Improvements in the mapping are warranted.

Published
2024
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14. Social Justice, Community Engagement, and Undergraduate STEM Education: Participatory Science as a Teaching Tool

Author

Heather D. Vance-Chalcraft, Kalynda Chivon Smith, Jessica Allen, Gillian Bowser, Caren B. Cooper, Na'Taki Osborne Jelks, Colleen Karl, Robin Kodner, and Mara Laslo

Abstract

Social justice is increasingly being seen as relevant to the science curriculum. We examine the intersection of participatory science, social justice, and higher education in the United States to investigate how instructors can teach about social justice and enhance collaborations to work toward enacting social justice. Participatory science approaches, like those that collect data over large geographic areas, can be particularly useful for teaching students about social justice. Conversely, local-scale approaches that integrate students into community efforts can create powerful collaborations to help facilitate social justice. We suggest a variety of large-scale databases, platforms, and portals that could be used as starting points to address a set of learning objectives about social justice. We also describe local-scale participatory science approaches with a social justice focus, developed through academic and community partnerships. Considerations for implementing participatory science with undergraduates are discussed, including cautions about the necessary time investment, cultural competence, and institutional support. These approaches are not always appropriate but can provide compelling learning experiences in the correct circumstances.

Published
2024
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15. Camouflaging in Autism: Age Effects and Cross-Cultural Validation of the Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire (CAT-Q)

Author

Karl Lundin Remnélius and Sven Bölte

Abstract

Given that camouflaging has been suggested to contribute to delayed diagnosis and mental health problems among autistic people, validated measures of the construct are needed. This study describes the psychometric evaluation of the Swedish adaptation of the self-reported Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire (CAT-Q) in autistic (n = 100) and general population (n = 539) samples aged 10 to 83 years. Analyses indicated good-to-excellent internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Construct validity was supported by autistic participants scoring higher than non-autistic, and autistic females scoring higher than autistic males on the measure. Also as expected, camouflaging was associated with theoretically linked traits, including autistic behaviors and depressive symptoms. On the other hand, the factor structure of the original CAT-Q did not provide a good fit in the Swedish data set, and validity issues were found, particularly in children younger than 15 years, warranting further investigation of the construct validity of the scale. Different age trajectories were observed, where camouflaging behaviors decreased during adulthood in non-autistic people but remained at an elevated level among autistic people.

Published
2024
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17. Implementation, Evolution, and Laboratory Performance of Methods-Based Proficiency Testing for Next-Generation Sequencing Detection of Germline Sequence Variants

Author

Tsuchiya, Karen D., Funke, Birgit, Hegde, Madhuri, Santani, Avni, Souers, Rhona J., Szelinger, Szabolcs, Halley, Jaimie, Zhao, Qin, Mot, Nicole, Roy, Angshumoy, Smith, Vanessa L., Zhang, Bing M., Voelkerding, Karl, and Moyer, Ann M.

Subjects
Nucleotide sequencing -- Usage -- Quality management, DNA sequencing -- Usage -- Quality management, Genetic variation -- Identification and classification, Health
Abstract

* Context.--Next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based assays are used for diagnosis of diverse inherited disorders. Limited data are available pertaining to interlaboratory analytical performance of these assays. Objective.--To report on the College of American Pathologists (CAP) NGS Germline Program, which is methods based, and explore the evolution in laboratory testing practices. Design.--Results from the NGS Germline Program from 2016-2020 were analyzed for interlaboratory analytical performance. Self-reported laboratory testing practices were also evaluated. Results.--From 2016-2020, a total of 297 laboratories participated in at least 1 program mailing. Of the 289 laboratories that provided information on tests offered, 138 (47.8%) offered only panel testing throughout their enrollment, while 35 (12.1%) offered panels and exome testing, 30 (10.4%) offered only exomes, 9 (3.1%) offered only genomes, and 15 (5.2%) offered panels, exomes, and genomes. The remainder (62 laboratories, 21.4%) changed their test offerings during the 2016-2020 timeframe. Considering each genomic position/interval, the median detection percentage at variant positions across the 2016-2020 mailings ranged from 94.3% to 100%, while at reference positions (no variant detected), the median correct response percentage was 100% across all mailings. When considering performance of individual laboratories, 89.5% (136 of 152) to 98.0% (149 of 152) of laboratories successfully met the detection threshold ([greater than or equal to] 90% of the variants present), while 94.6% (87 of 92) to 100% (163 of 163) of laboratories met the 95% specificity threshold across mailings. Conclusions.--Since the inception of this program, laboratories have consistently performed well. The median sensitivity and specificity of detection of sequence variants included in this program (eg, single nucleotide variants, insertions, and deletions) were 100.0%. doi: 10.5858/arpa.2023-0090-CP), Next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based tests are of higher complexity than most traditional molecular tests owing to the interrogation of many positions simultaneously, as well as requirements for extensive laboratory wet bench [...]

Published
2024
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24. Frailty indices predict mortality, complications and functional improvements in supratentorial meningioma patients over 80 years of age

Author

Schwartz, Christoph, Ueberschaer, Moritz F., Rautalin, Ilari, Grauvogel, Jürgen, Bissolo, Marco, Masalha, Waseem, Steiert, Christine, Schnell, Oliver, Beck, Jürgen, Ebel, Florian, Bervini, David, Raabe, Andreas, Eibl, Thomas, Steiner, Hans-Herbert, Schebesch, Karl-Michael, Shlobin, Nathan A., Nandoliya, Khizar R., Youngblood, Mark W., Chandler, James P., Magill, Stephen T., Romagna, Alexander, Lehmberg, Jens, Fuetsch, Manuel, Spears, Julian, Rezai, Arwin, Ladisich, Barbara, Demetz, Matthias, Griessenauer, Christoph J., Niemelä, Mika, and Korja, Miikka

Published
2024
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28. DNA liquid biopsy-based prediction of cancer-associated venous thromboembolism

Author

Jee, Justin, Brannon, A. Rose, Singh, Rohan, Derkach, Andriy, Fong, Christopher, Lee, Adrian, Gray, Lauren, Pichotta, Karl, Luthra, Anisha, Diosdado, Monica, Haque, Mohammad, Guo, Jiannan, Hernandez, Jennifer, Garg, Kavita, Wilhelm, Clare, Arcila, Maria E., Pavlakis, Nick, Clarke, Stephen, Shah, Sohrab P., Razavi, Pedram, Reis-Filho, Jorge S., Ladanyi, Marc, Schultz, Nikolaus, Zwicker, Jeffrey, Berger, Michael F., Li, Bob T., and Mantha, Simon

Published
2024
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44. Glioblastoma in the real-world setting: patterns of care and outcome in the Austrian population

Author

Hainfellner, Andreas, Borkovec, Martin, Seebrecht, Lukas, Neuhauser, Magdalena, Roetzer-Pejrimovsky, Thomas, Greutter, Lisa, Surböck, Birgit, Hager-Seifert, Andrea, Gorka-vom Hof, Doris, Urbanic-Purkart, Tadeja, Stultschnig, Martin, Cijan, Clemens, Würtz, Franz, Calabek-Wohinz, Bernadette, Pichler, Josef, Höllmüller, Isolde, Leibetseder, Annette, Weis, Serge, Kleindienst, Waltraud, Seiberl, Michael, Bieler, Lara, Hecker, Constantin, Schwartz, Christoph, Iglseder, Sarah, Heugenhauser, Johanna, Nowosielski, Martha, Thomé, Claudius, Moser, Patrizia, Hoffermann, Markus, Loibnegger, Karin, Dieckmann, Karin, Tomschik, Matthias, Widhalm, Georg, Rössler, Karl, Marosi, Christine, Wöhrer, Adelheid, Hainfellner, Johannes A., and Oberndorfer, Stefan

Published
2024
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