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Copyright of Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences is the property of Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences (TUJNS) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A novel POEGMA-b-(PMEEU-co-PMAA) (poly(oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate)-b-poly((methacrylamidoethyl) ethylene urea)-co-poly(methacrylic acid) block copolymer has been synthesized by RAFT polymerization as a corrosion inhibitor. Structural characterization of the block copolymer was done by FTIR, 13C NMR and 1H NMR spectroscopic techniques. The carboxylic acid and cyclic urea units on the block copolymer exert a synergistic effect on corrosion inhibition through chelating of the metal ions or adsorption to the metal surface. Corrosion inhibition of SAE 1012 carbon steel in a 1 M HCl medium has been investigated in the presence of 5 mM polymer using both experimental (electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, Tafel polarization (TP), weight loss) and theoretical approaches. Also, SAE 1012 carbon steel surface morphology changes were followed by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Electrochemical techniques indicated that the presence of PMEEU-co-PMAA segments of the polymer in the acid solution inhibits corrosion of SAE 1012 carbon steel. The inhibition efficiency of the polymer was found to be about 85%. According to TP studies, PMEEU-co-PMAA segment acts as a mixed type corrosion inhibitor. The adsorption of PMEEU-co-PMAA molecules onto the metal surface follows Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The Kads value calculated from the equilibrium constant of the adsorption process reflects a strong interaction. SEM and EDAX studies provide evidence of PMEEU-co-PMAA adsorption on the metal surface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research on methods for monitoring sheet metal stamping is benefiting from the increased availability of enabling technologies such as sensors, data mining software, cloud computing, and artificial intelligence. The predictive maintenance policies of tools (punches and dies) can be targeted at monitoring progressive wear or at the detection of sudden failures or anomalies. Early detection of tool failure is the method preferred by the recent literature on data management in sheet metal stamping. However, the stamping of small parts poses challenges due to multiple tools and signals and limited visibility of die wear, requiring management of multiple sensors and data sources. This paper proposes a failure prevention approach for progressive die stamping using global and local force sensors with upper bounds for maximum values to indicate unhealthy conditions. The methodology was tested on millions of small washers made of carbon steel. The stamping process was implemented using a servo-press with a high rate. The press was equipped with eight in-process sensors, including strain gauges, thin foil force sensors, and acoustic sensors. The data of material properties, maintenance reports, statistical process control data, and in-process sensors were collected and stored in a data lake. By combining the in-process sensor acquisition with the corresponding log events and maintenance data in the same time span, it is possible to look for correlations among the variables and build an effective tool health prevention policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A recent collection of Lepiota spiculata from the Dominican Republic is presented here. Macro- and micromorphological features of L. spiculata are described in detail, and its evolutionary (phylogenetic) position within Lepiota sect. Ovisporae , in the subincarnata/brunneoincarnata clade, is assessed on the basis of a combined nrLSU + nrITS + rpb2 + tef1 analysis. Additionally, high levels of deadly amatoxins were detected and quantified in L. spiculata for the first time by HPLC analysis; in particular, α-amanitin was found at concentrations up to approximately 4 mg/g dry weight, which render L. spiculata a potentially lethal mushroom, if ingested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Osteosarcoma; is one of the most common malignant tumors. Nowadays, because of the many side effects of cancer drugs, the usage of herbal medicine which can inhibit or eliminate cancer cells by their antioxidant compounds is increased. Objectives: In the present study anticancer effect of Tilia dasystyla and Polygonatum orientale Desf different extracts on osteogenic sarcoma (Saos-2) cancer cell line was investigated and their polyphenolic compounds were identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis. The cytotoxic effect of these extracts on Saos-2 cell line and identification of their phenolic compounds have not been reported so far. Methods: Cancer cell lines were provided from Department of Biological Sciences, Bursa University, Turkey. Different concentrations of the methanol, ethanol, and diluted water extracts (0.5 - 5 mg/mL) were tested on Saos-2 cell line. After 24, 48, and 72 hours, the cell viability was evaluated using 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method. For the investigation of total phenolic compounds of T. dasystyla and P. orientale Desf extracts LC-MS method was applied. Results: According to the results diluted water extracts on the Saos-2 cancer cell line showed more cytotoxic effect than other solvents. The lowest IC50 value was 0.58 ± 0.01 mg/mL within 72 hours belonged to T. dasystyla water extract. Conclusions: Tilia dasystyla and Polygonatum orientale Desf extracts contain some polyphenolic compounds which showed cytotoxic effect on Saos-2 cancer cell line. The full potential of these herbal extracts is yet to be realized by further studies on animal models and subsequent trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Intensive Care is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The efficacy of 1-butyl-1-methylpiperidinium tetrafluoroborate (BMPTFB) in retarding St37 steel corrosion in HCl environment has been examined using potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), dynamic-EIS (DEIS), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques. Results from all applied methods reveal that BMPTFB is effective in suppressing St37 dissolution in the studied corrosive medium. Inhibition efficiency of 88% has been achieved by 4 mM BMPTFB. From DEIS results, BMPTFB is found to perform better as corrosion inhibitor at longer immersion time. The charge transfer resistance of the metal is raised in the presence of 4 mM BMPTFB from 378 to 744 Ω cm2 at 1 h and further increased to 867 Ω cm2 at 4 h. BMPTFB, according to PDP result behaves as mixed-type corrosion inhibitor. Corrosion inhibition by BMPTFB is via adsorption which can best be explained using El-Awady kinetic/thermodynamic adsorption isotherm. Kads and values indicate that physisorption is the mechanism of adsorption of BMPTFB molecules onto St37 surface. The presence of BMPTFB molecules on St37 surface has been verified by SEM and FTIR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy and the second most common cause of cancer deaths in the Western male population. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMPs) modulate the remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The imbalance between MMPs and TIMPs may lead to an emergence of pathological processes such as cancer. In this study, the association between TIMP-2 (-418 G/C) and MMP-2 (-1306 C/T) polymorphisms and prostate cancer in the Turkish population was investigated. Materials and methods: Sixty-one prostate cancer patients and 46 healthy subjects were included in the study. DNA was isolated from 2 mL of peripheral blood taken from subjects, and genotypes were analyzed by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Results: The TIMP-2 -418 (GC) genotype was found in 15 cases (32.6%) in the control group and in 9 cases (14.8%) in the patients group, and statistical significance was determined (P = 0.037, OR = 0.346). The MMP-2 -1306 (CT) genotype was found 2.17 times more in the patient group than in the control group (P = 0.149, OR = 2.17). Conclusion: Our results show that the TIMP-2 -418 (GC) genotype had a putative protective effect against prostate cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most important morbidity and mortality disease in the world. It is also one of the leading causes of death in Turkey. Omentin, a recently found adipocytokine, is reported to regulate insulin sensitivity. It has anti-inflammatory properties and is inversely associated with CAD. Omentin gene polymorphism in patients with CAD has not been studied yet. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between omentin Val109Asp polymorphism and CAD. Methods: This is an observational study on genetic association. 157 consecutive patients who had undergone coronary angiography were included in the study. Seventy-five of them had CAD and the rest serves the control group. Val109Asp polymorphism was analyzed and compared. Chi-square test was used in comparison of genotype frequencies, whereas ANOVA and chi-square tests were used in comparison of clinical characteristics according to the genotypes. Results: There was no significant difference between CAD patients and control subjects regarding omentin Val109Asp polymorphism. However, a 2.5 fold increase in Val/Val (homozygous mutant) genotype was detected in patients with CAD. The OR (80% Cl) for Val/Val genotype was 3.46 (1.14-10.49). Conclusion: Although no significant difference was detected regarding omentin Val109Asp polymorphism, Val/Val genotype frequency was found to be more in patient group than control group. In conclusion, it may be speculated that Val/Val genotype increases the tendency for CAD, but this experiment should done with larger population to clarify this issue. (Anadolu Kardiyol Derg 2014; 14: 511-4) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Beta amanitin has been used in experiment and has been purified only around 90% purity using existing methods. In this study, it has been aimed to describe the method in order to produce high-purity beta amanitin using preparative HPLC. Methods: Amanita phalloides mushrooms hve been collected, extracted and purified 2 times using preparative HPLC. Validation of the toxin has been performed by comparison of retention time at HPLC and ultraviolet spectrum. Results: Beta amanitin was obtained with 91% (±2.36) purity after first purification process. Beta amanitin was obtained with 99,2% (±0.38) purity after second purification process. It seemed that purified toxin and standard were given maximum absorbance at 303 nm and minumum absorbans at 263 nm, and the structure of the spectrums for both was similar. Conclusion: Beta amanitin with >%99 purity can be produced by this method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Beta amanitin has been used in experiment and has been purified only around 90% purity using existing methods. In this study, it has been aimed to describe the method in order to produce high-purity beta amanitin using preparative HPLC. Methods: Amanita phalloides mushrooms hve been collected, extracted and purified 2 times using preparative HPLC. Validation of the toxin has been performed by comparison of retention time at HPLC and ultraviolet spectrum. Results: Beta amanitin was obtained with 91% (±2.36) purity after first purification process. Beta amanitin was obtained with 99,2% (±0.38) purity after second purification process. It seemed that purified toxin and standard were given maximum absorbance at 303 nm and minumum absorbans at 263 nm, and the structure of the spectrums for both was similar. Conclusion: Beta amanitin with >%99 purity can be produced by this method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acne is a multifactorial and inflamatuary desease of pilosebaseus unit. Although it is a common and cosmatic desease, it could cause social and psycological restrictions for the patient. Omentin a newly discovered adipokines secreted mainly by adipose tissue increases insulin sensitivity. In this study; the serum omentin levels and omentin gene Val109Asp polymorphism were investigated in acne patients and control groups. Therefore it is investigated that omentin whether or not a marker for acne disease and has any effect on its pathophisyology 65 acne patients attempted Düzce University dermatology clinic and 44 healthy controls included in this study. Omentin levels measured by ELISA and gene polymorphism researched by PCR-RFLP. The comparison of values between groups was conducted by student T-test and P values under 0,05 evaluated as significant . Mean omentin levels was 657,54±203,69 for patiensts and 611,17±241,30 for controls. There was no statistical difference determined between groups in serum levels (p=0,308). and in Val109Asp polymorphism (p=0,349). However, it is found that the number of acne patients with Val/Val genotype were approximately three times more than the control group. Recently studies have stated adipokin is anti-inflamatory protein. For these reasons the levels of omentin was hoped as decreased in inflamatory acne disease, but significant difference was not observed between groups. As a result omentin is not an ethiological factor for acne disease with its serum levels and genetic polymorphism. So it cannot be a marker. However Val/Val genotype may create predisposition to acne . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Epigenetics, proposed by Condrad Hal Waddington at the beginning of the 1940 describes heritable changes that affect gene expression without changing DNA sequencing. After researches, it has been found that the epigenetics modifications perform important task in many biological processes and diseases like cancer. In this review we summarize the information in literature related with epigenetic mechanisms and their relationship with cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Paraplegia due to ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury of the spinal cord is a devastating complication of thoracoabdominal aortic surgery. Cysteinyl leukotrienes are potent mediators of inflammation that are associated with I/R injury. The present study was designed to investigate the role of montelukast, a selective reversible CysLT1 receptor antagonist, on spinal cord I/R injury in an experimental model., Material and Methods: Twenty-one male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to three groups (n=7 per group) as G1 (no aortic occlusion and montelukast administration), G2 (45 min. aortic occlusion; no montelukast administration) and G3 (45 min. aortic occlusion, 10 mg/kg montelukast administration). After neurologic evaluation using the Motor Deficit Index (MDI) score at the 48th hour of reperfusion, lumbar spinal cords were removed for histopathological evaluation and immunohistochemical staining for HSP70, interleukin-6 and myeloperoxidase (MPO)., Results: All rats in the G1 group had a normal neurological status and their MDI score was 0 (p < 0.05). The MDI score of G3 was significantly lower than G2 group (2.8 vs. 5.5; p < 0.05). Vacuolar congestion was found to be significantly lower in G1 than the other groups (p=0.0001). The interleukin-6 receptor level was found to be significantly lower in G3 group than the control group (p=0.013). There was no statistically significant difference found among the groups in terms of the degree of HSP70 and MPO staining., Conclusion: Increased generation of leukotrienes in postischemic organs play an important role in I/R injury. The findings of the current study demonstrated that montelukast improved motor recovery and decreased IL-6 levels in spinal cord I/R injury.

Objective: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most important morbidity and mortality disease in the world. It is also one of the leading causes of death in Turkey. Omentin, a recently found adipocytokine, is reported to regulate insulin sensitivity. It has anti-inflammatory properties and is inversely associated with CAD. Omentin gene polymorphism in patients with CAD has not been studied yet. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between omentin Val109Asp polymorphism and CAD., Methods: This is an observational study on genetic association. 157 consecutive patients who had undergone coronary angiography were included in the study. Seventy-five of them had CAD and the rest serves the control group. Val109Asp polymorphism was analyzed and compared. Chi-square test was used in comparison of genotype frequencies, whereas ANOVA and chi-square tests were used in comparison of clinical characteristics according to the genotypes., Results: There was no significant difference between CAD patients and control subjects regarding omentin Val109Asp polymorphism. However, a 2.5 fold increase in Val/Val (homozygous mutant) genotype was detected in patients with CAD. The OR (80% Cl) for Val/Val genotype was 3.46 (1.14-10.49)., Conclusion: Although no significant difference was detected regarding omentin Val109Asp polymorphism, Val/Val genotype frequency was found to be more in patient group than control group. In conclusion, it may be speculated that Val/Val genotype increases the tendency for CAD, but this experiment should done with larger population to clarify this issue.

Background/aim: Alpha- and beta-amanitins are the main toxins of the poisonous Amanita phalloides mushroom. Although there are many studies available concerning alpha-amanitin, there are limited data about beta-amanitin in the literature. Therefore, this study is aimed at comparing the toxic effects of alpha- and beta-amanitin on the MCF-7 cell line., Materials and Methods: The alpha- and beta-amanitins used for this research were purified from Amanita phalloides by preparative high-performance liquid chromatography. The MCF-7 breast cancer cell line was used, and specific concentrations of the toxins (100, 10, 1, 0.1, and 0.01 μg/mL) were applied to the cells. The MTT test was performed to determine the level of toxicity, and the quantity of protein in the cell was measured using the biuret test., Results: The aLpha-amanitin showed a higher toxicity at 36 h, while the highest inhibition of protein synthesis by the beta-amanitin was observed at 24 h., Conclusion: It was shown that the beta-amanitin may be responsible for toxicity, like alpha-amanitin, in Amanita phalloides mushroom poisoning. The early inhibition of protein synthesis for beta-amanitin might be useful for future experiments and research.