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Numerical solutions are presented for the transient natural convection heattransfer problem in horizontal isothermal cylindrical annuli, enclosed in heatedinner and cooled outer cylinders. Solutions for laminar case were obtained withinGrashof number based on the inner diameter which varied from 1x102 to 1x105 inair. Both vorticity and energy equations were solved using alternating directionimplicit (ADI) method and stream function equation by successive over relaxation(SOR) method. The structure of fluid flow such as a velocity vector andtemperature distribution as well as Nusselt number were obtained and the effect ofdiameter ratio on them was examined. In addition, the Grashof number waschanged with the influence of variation in Prandtle number and diameter ratio. Ournumerical calculation are summarized by Nussult number vs. Grashof numbercurves with diameter ratios and Prandtl as a parameter, which serves as a guide tonatural convection heat transfer calculated from annulus. Good agreement withprevious data is obtained.

Chemotherapy combining cyclophosphamide, bortezomib and dexamethasone is widely used in light-chain amyloidosis. The benefit is limited in patients with cardiac amyloidosis mainly because of adverse cardiac events. Retrospective analysis of our cohort showed that 39 patients died with 42% during the first month. A new escalation-sequential regimen was set to improve the outcomes. Nine newly-diagnosed patients were prospectively treated with close monitoring of serum N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, troponin-T and free light chains. The results show that corticoids may destabilise the heart through fluid retention. Thus, a sequential protocol may be a promising approach to treat these patients., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)