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Conocer qué acciones técnico-tácticas son más efectivas en el fútbol es fundamental para mejorar los procesos de entrenamiento y el rendimiento en competición. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar los patrones de juego vinculados a las acciones finales de los equipos de fútbol finalistas de la UEFA Champions League 2020-2021, el Chelsea F.C. y Manchester City F.C. Para ello, se registraron comportamientos de juego utilizando el software Hoisan a partir de una herramienta de observación que consta de 8 criterios y 59 categorías. Posteriormente, los comportamientos registrados fueron analizados mediante la técnica de coordenadas polares. En el análisis de coordenadas polares, la acción de pase desde la posición de mediocampo, la acción de remate desde la posición de delantero, el cabezazo sin oposición y la acción de contraataque se establecieron como categorías de interés (comportamientos focales), que se relacionaban con otras categorías (comportamientos condicionales). Los resultados mostraron que el comportamiento del mediocampista influye en las acciones de ataque de ambos equipos, que en el flujo de comportamientos que determinan las acciones de finalización se aprecia la participación de diferentes jugadores y la intervención decisiva del rol de delantero en la finalización. obras de teatro. Palabras clave: Metodología observacional: análisis de coordenadas polares; fútbol; juego ofensivo. Abstract. Knowing which technical-tactical actions are most effective in football is essential to improve training processes and performance in competition. The aim of this study was to analyze the patterns of play linked to the finishing actions of the finalist football teams in the UEFA Champions League 2020-2021, Chelsea F.C. and Manchester CityF.C. For this purpose, game behaviors were recorded using Hoisan software from an observation tool consisting of 8 criteria and 59 categories. Subsequently, the recorded behaviors were analyzed using the polar coordinates technique. In the polar coordinates analysis, the passing action from the midfield position, the finishing action from the striker position, the unopposed header and the counterattack action were established as categories of interest (focal behaviors), that were related to other categories (conditional behaviors). The results showed that the behavior of the midfielder has an influence on the attacking actions for both teams, that in the flow of behaviors that determine the finishing actions the participation of different players is appreciated, and the decisive intervention of the striker role in the finishing plays. Keywords: Observational Methodology; polar coordinates analysis; football; attack behaviors.

Recientemente se ha planteado una propuesta de reglamento de mini-balonmano playa para adaptar el juego adulto a los jugadores en formación de hasta 11 años. El objetivo del estudio fue conocer las respuestas motrices y psicológicas de jugadores y entrenadores tras haber entrenado y jugado con el reglamento propuesto para mini-balonmano playa. Participaron 35 jugadores (16 niños y 19 niñas, edad: 8-11 años, M = 10.06, SD = 0.91) y cinco entrenadores (4 hombres y 1 mujer). El estudio siguió un enfoque de métodos mixtos, cuantitativo y cualitativo. El diseño fue cuasi-experimental con medidas post-test. La intervención siguió tres procesos: (a) la presentación del reglamento a los entrenadores, (b) el entrenamiento aprovechando las ventajas del nuevo reglamento, (c) la competición en un torneo de mini-balonmano playa. Cuantitativamente, las variables dependientes fueron motrices y psicológicas. Cualitativamente, se preguntó a los participantes por sus experiencias habiendo entrenado y jugado con el nuevo reglamento. Se obtuvieron valores elevados en cuanto a la igualdad en la participación, roles desempeñados, decisiones adecuadas en pase, giro y shoot-outs, competencia percibida, disfrute e intención de práctica futura. En conclusión, el reglamento propuesto para mini-balonmano playa parece que estuvo adaptado para los jugadores en formación del presente trabajo (hasta 11 años), dado que, en general, favoreció la participación de los jugadores por igual, sin especializarse en un rol, la equidad entre niños y niñas, las decisiones adecuadas y la adherencia hacia la actividad. Abstract. A proposal for a mini-beach handball regulation has recently been put forward to adapt the adult game to children up to 11 years of age. The aim of the study was to find out the motor and psychological responses of players and coaches after training and playing with the proposed mini-beach handball rules. Thirty-five players (16 boys and 19 girls, age: 8-11 years, M = 10.06, SD = 0.91) and five coaches (4 males and 1 female) participated. The study followed a mixed methods approach, quantitative and qualitative. The design was quasi-experimental with post-test measures. The intervention consisted of three procedures: (a) the presentation of the regulation to the coaches, (b) to train taking advantage of the new regulations, (c) to compete in a mini-beach handball tournament. Quantitatively, the dependent variables were motor and psychological. Qualitatively, participants were asked about their experiences training and playing with the new rules. High values were obtained in terms of equality in participation, roles played, appropriate decisions in passing, turning and shoot-outs, perceived competence, enjoyment, and intention to practice in the future. In conclusion, the proposed rules for mini-beach handball seem to be adapted for participants in the present study (up to 11 years of age), given that, in general, it favoured equal participation of players, without specialising in one role, equity between boys and girls, appropriate decisions and adherence to the activity.

The open nature of basketball gives it a large uncertainty that makes hard the tactical analysis of the situations that happen in the game. Specifically, screens are one of the offensive tactical elements most used in basketball and one example of a tactical situation that needs the highest preparation level to get a good performance in the competition. The aim of this study is to differentiate these player behaviors by gender using data mining and polar coordinates analysis. Therefore, one ad hoc observational tool made by 17 criteria and 97 exhaustive and mutually exclusive (E/ME) categories has been designed and validated using the data quality analysis (correlation coefficients and concordance index 0.98) and generalizability analysis (G coefficients 0.94) to perform such a study. The observational design is nomothetic, punctual, and multidimensional. A total of 176 ball screens situations have been analyzed for the men's category and 118 for women's category, corresponding to three different teams of each gender playing in the highest competition level in Spain during the 2018/2019 season using Hoisan software tool. The analysis of the relationships among behaviors has been performed using Polar Coordinates analysis as well as data mining analysis: clustering and decision tree classifier. Results show significant relationships that allow us to tactically interpret the pick and roll situations in men's and women's professional basketball players in Spain, allowing us to develop more intervention programs which will optimize training and improve players performance.

Nowadays, getting advantageous offensive situations in high-level basketball is being increasingly harder, so taking advantage of any situation in the game since the team has the ball is essential to be competitive. Therefore, the goal to achieve in this study is to evaluate using a mixed method strategy the behaviors happening in the application of the technical–tactical means performed in the transition play of professional basketball in Spain. An ad hoc observation tool made of 11 criteria and 83 exhaustive and mutually exclusive categories (E/ME) has been designed and validated by means of data quality and generalizability analyses. Indexes obtained show high reliability and validity allowing the proposed actions to be recorded (correlation coefficients are above 0.95 and generalizability coefficients are above 0.90 in all cases). A total number of 128 situations corresponding to eight games of Unicaja de Málaga in the Endesa League in the 18/19 season were observed with the Hoisan software. The analysis of the relationships among behaviors was performed using the polar coordinates technique where the one-on-one initiation, outside the zone, has been used as focal behavior. The estimation of the functions representing the vectors has also been performed to model the best fit that estimates, starting from a focal category, the relationship among this focal behavior and the rest of the mating behaviors for possible future observations. The results show significant relationships between the selected focal behavior and the mating behaviors, showing indications of behaviors allowing tactical interpretation of the game and the definition of intervention programs to improve the performance of the team.

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue presentar el diseño de un reglamento para mini-balonmano playa siguiendo un proceso exhaustivo y meticuloso con base en la evidencia científica y la opinión de los diferentes estamentos implicados. El diseño del presente trabajo fue dividido en dos fases. Primero, se realizó un estudio de las reglas del balonmano playa, identificando aquellas que aportan la identidad propia del deporte y aquellas otras susceptible de adaptación. Segundo, se consultó a agentes implicados sobre las propuestas de modificación. En la primera fase participaron cinco expertos y 10 agentes implicados en balonmano playa. En la segunda fase participaron 51 agentes implicados. En conclusión, se presenta una propuesta de reglamento de mini-balonmano playa para jugadores de hasta 11 años. En general, este reglamento parece estar alineado con los principios pedagógicos que deberían estar presentes en todo proceso de formación deportiva. Abstract. The aim of this work was to present the design of a regulation for mini beach handball following an exhaustive and meticulous process based on scientific evidence and the opinion of the different stakeholders. The design of the present work was divided into two phases. First, a study of the rules of beach handball was carried out, identifying those that provide the sport's own identity and those others that can be adapted. Second, the stakeholders were consulted about the proposals for modification. Five experts and 10 agents involved in beach handball participated in the first phase. In the second phase, 51 agents involved participated. In conclusion, a proposal for regulations for mini-beach handball for players up to the age of 11 was presented. In general, this regulation seems to be in line with the pedagogical principles that should be present in any sports training process.

MenPas is a psychosocial assessment platform1 developed by the University of Malaga in 2008. There has been a significant increase in data traffic during the period of confinement by COVID-19 (March and April ’20) compared to the same period in the previous year. The main goal to achieve in this work is to determine the patterns of use of this platform on both period of time. So, we want to respond to the following question: So, we the following question: Has the COVID-19 Pandemic changed the pattern of the Menpas users? In order to respond it, cluster analysis techniques (Data Mining) have been used to classify people taking surveys into quotient sets (cluster). This is a multivariate technique for dividing data into sets to that are as homogeneous as possible within themselves and heterogeneous among themselves. Specifically, the K-Means algorithm has been used for this analysis, which is based on the evaluation of the distance between data and the average of each variable. So, it is recommended to discover patterns or relationships among the data. Specifically, the use of the following questionnaires has been analyzed: Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2), State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Profile of Mood State (POMS), Resilience Scale (RS), Sport Performance Psychological Inventory (IPED), Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and Self-concept Form-5 (AF-5). The analyses have shown changes in cluster formation between 2019 and 2020 based on the variables gender, age, marital status or physical practice. Therefore, the analyses carried out have been sensitive to determine several profiles of people using the MenPas platform because there are changes in the characteristics of the user groups that have carried out the analyzed tests.

The purpose of this paper was to analyze the relationship between body composition and cognitive functioning in an elderly people’s sample. A total of 106 older adults between the ages of 60 and 79 were involved in physical activity (M = 67.57; SD = 4.96). About 31.10% were men (n = 33) and 68.90% were women (n = 73). The instruments used to assess cognitive capacity were the Trail Making Test (forms A and B), the Stroop Test, and the Attention Test d2. The body composition of the participants was evaluated by electrical bioimpedance. Correlation analysis, linear regression (successive steps), and cluster analysis were carried out to analyze the relationships between the different measures. The results showed significant relationships between the analyzed variables. In addition, muscle mass predicted the cognitive functioning values. These results suggest that healthy lifestyles, including physical activity, are essential for well-being and quality of life in older people. In addition, it appears from the results found that it would be necessary for these lifestyles to contribute to preserving their level of physical condition, because of the possible impact it would have on their health.