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Abstract In multicellular organisms, tissue outgrowth creates a new water sink, modifying local hydraulic patterns. Although water fluxes are often considered passive by-products of development, their contribution to morphogenesis remains largely unexplored. Here, we mapped cell volumetric growth across the shoot apex in Arabidopsis thaliana. We found that, as organs grow, a subpopulation of cells at the organ-meristem boundary shrinks. Growth simulations using a model that integrates hydraulics and mechanics revealed water fluxes and predicted a water deficit for boundary cells. In planta, a water-soluble dye preferentially allocated to fast-growing tissues and failed to enter the boundary domain. Cell shrinkage next to fast-growing domains was also robust to different growth conditions and different topographies. Finally, a molecular signature of water deficit at the boundary confirmed our conclusion. Taken together, we propose that the differential sink strength of emerging organs prescribes the hydraulic patterns that define boundary domains at the shoot apex.

IntroductionObesity is a complex systemic condition, involving numerous anatomical and metabolic changes. Therefore, a comprehensive preoperative assessment is essential for each patient contemplating bariatric surgery.ObjetiveThis study presents the findings of a proposed protocol designed to streamline the pre-anesthesia consultation process. Our aim was to compare the efficiency and costs of consultations guided by the protocol with those conducted without a specific strategy. The secondary outcomes assessed included postoperative (PO) length of hospital stay and surgical duration.Matherial and methodsWe conducted a retrospective cross-sectional analysis involving 206 clinical cases. Statistical analyses, including the chi-squared test, Student’s t-test, and Mann–Whitney U test, were utilized based on the type of variables.ResultsThe results showed a significant reduction in the costs, pre-anesthesia consultation duration, time spent in the recovery unit, and the need for referrals. However, no statistically significant differences were observed in the delay before surgery and length of hospital stays, measured in days.ConclusionThis algorithm offers a promising approach for optimizing perioperative management in bariatric surgery, demonstrating its effectiveness in cutting costs and reducing the need for referrals.

The biostratigraphic analysis of the Paleozoic sedimentary successions in Mexico is crucial for understanding their age, depositional setting, and paleogeographic implications. This study examined conodonts and microfacies of calcareous strata within the Del Monte Formation of the Tamatán Group in northeastern Mexico. Field observations have led to the identification of three units within the Del Monte Formation: Unit 1, characterized by calcareous sandstone, bioclastic limestone, shale, occasional conglomerate, and dolomitized beds; Unit 2, consisting of conglomerate and/or breccia associated with debris flows; and Unit 3 including turbiditic sandstone and shale. Conodonts were only recognized in Unit 1, with such genera as Idiognathoides, Neognathodus, Idiognathodus and less frequently, Streptognathodus, Adetognathus, and Diplognathodus. The faunal associations include Idiognathoides cf. Id. corrugatus Harris & Hollingsworth, 1933, Idiognathoides sulcatus sulcatus Higgins & Bouckaert, 1968, Idiognathoides convexus (Ellison & Graves, 1941), Idiognathoides asiaticus Nigmadganov & Nemyrovskaya, 1992, Neognathodus cf. N. atokaensis Grayson, 1984, Neognathodus aff. bothrops Merrill, 1972, Neognathodus nataliae Alekseev & Gerelzezeg, 2001 (in Alekseev & Goreva 2001), Streptognathodus parvus Dunn, 1966, Idiognathodus incurvus Dunn, 1966, and Idiognathodus aff. delicatus Gunnell, 1931, suggesting Morrowan and Atokan (Pennsylvanian) ages for the dolomitic limestone and grainstone beds. Five types of microfacies (MF) and several marine facies zone (FZ) have been detected: MF1-bioclastic grainstone and MF2-wackestone deposited at the platform margin (FZ 6 and FZ 7), MF3-dolomitized wackestone representing an inner restricted platform (FZ 8), MF4-mudstone from a deeper water zone (FZ 4), and MF5-siliciclastic beds with bioclasts indicating a high-energy barrier associated with a platform margin (FZ 6). The findings confirm a shallow to deep platform and imply a connection among Mexican peri-Gondwanan basins, including the Tamatán Basin, indicating similarities in sedimentary facies and/or depositional environments linked to the Rheic Ocean during the Early to Middle Pennsylvanian.

Real-world evidence on the impact of monoclonal antibodies as first-line treatment in Spain is limited. This observational, retrospective and prospective, multicenter, descriptive study included 117 transplant-ineligible newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (TIE-NDMM) patients divided into Group A, who received no daratumumab standard regimens, and the DVMP group (daratumumab, bortezomib, melphalan, and prednisone treatment). More than 90% of the patients in Group A received bortezomib, lenalidomide, or a combination of them. The median follow-up time for Group A was 38.2 months in comparison to 25.8 months for the DVMP group (p < 0.0001). The rate of DVMP patients that experienced disease progression or death from any cause was 36.8%, compared to 67.3% of Group A patients at 36 months of follow-up. The DVMP group had a higher 36-month progression-free survival (PFS) rate (52.9% vs. 31.7%). During the retrospective period, 73.0% of patients reported adverse drug reactions, while in the prospective period, 40.5% experienced adverse events, with no clinical differences between groups. The study supports the use of daratumumab regimens in frontline therapy based on real-world data. The findings provide valuable insights into the clinical outcomes of daratumumab therapy, which can help physicians make informed decisions regarding the optimal treatment approach for this patient population.

La Casa del Almirante es una de las construcciones más representativas de la arquitectura doméstica local de finales del siglo XVII y en su conjunto destaca la gran portada de mármol, considerada de origen genovés. Nuevos datos documentales y la relectura de otros conocidos, permiten confirmar que los autores de sus dos fases constructivas fueron maestros de obras y canteros españoles que trabajaron con mármoles procedentes mayoritariamente de canteras andaluzas. Asimismo, obras acometidas en el edificio para adaptarlo a hotel, han sacado a la luz algunas decoraciones ocultas que amplían la información sobre la ornamentación de los paramentos del patio y alguna zona de fachada.

Carotenoids constitute compounds of significant biological interest due to their multiple biological activities, such as antimicrobial, anticancer, antiadipogenic, antidiabetic, and antioxidant properties. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) comprehends a series of metabolic abnormalities (e.g., hypertension, obesity, and atherogenic dyslipidemia) that can affect children, adolescents, and the elderly. The treatment of MetS involves numerous medications, which, despite their efficacy, pose challenges due to prolonged use, high costs, and various side effects. Carotenoids and their derivatives have been proposed as alternative treatments to MetS because they reduce serum triglyceride concentrations, promote insulin response, inhibit adipogenesis, and downregulate angiotensin-converting enzyme activity. However, carotenoids are notably sensitive to pH, light exposure, and temperature. This review addresses the activity of carotenoids such as lycopene, lutein, fucoxanthin, astaxanthin, crocin, and β-carotene towards MetS. It includes a discussion of sources, extraction methods, and characterization techniques for analyzing carotenoids. Encapsulation approaches are critically reviewed as alternatives to prevent degradation and improve the biological performance of carotenoids. A brief overview of the physiopathology and epidemiology of the diseases, including MetS, is also provided.

This paper examines the geometry of interstellar magnetic field lines close to the boundary of the heliosphere in the direction of the unperturbed local interstellar magnetic field, where the field lines are spread apart by the heliopause (HP). Such field parting establishes a region of weaker magnetic field of about 300 au in size in the northern hemisphere that acts as a giant magnetic trap affecting the propagation of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs). The choice of an analytic model of the magnetic field in the very local interstellar medium allows us to qualitatively study the resulting magnetic field draping pattern while avoiding unphysical dissipation across the HP-impeding numerical magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) models. We investigate GCR transport in the region exterior to the heliosphere, including the magnetic trap, subject to guiding center drifts, pitch angle scattering, and perpendicular diffusion. The transport coefficients were derived from Voyager 1 observations of magnetic turbulence in the VLISM. Our results predict a ring current of energetic ions drifting around the interior of the magnetic trap. It is also demonstrated that GCRs cross the HP for the first time preferentially through a crescent-shaped region between the magnetic trap and the upwind direction. The paper includes results of MHD modeling of the heliosphere that provide the coordinates of the center of the magnetic trap in ecliptic coordinates. In addition to the heliosphere, we examine several extreme field draping configurations that could describe the astrospheres of other stars.

Introduction/backgroundMass-casualty incidents (MCIs) and disasters require an organised and effective response from medical first responders (MFRs). As such, novel training methods have emerged to prepare and adequately train MFRs for these challenging situations. Particular focus should be placed on extended reality (XR), which encompasses virtual, augmented and mixed reality (VR, AR, and MR, respectively), and allows participants to develop high-quality skills in realistic and immersive environments. Given the rapid evolution of high-fidelity simulation technology and its advantages, XR simulation has become a promising tool for emergency medicine. Accordingly, this systematic review aims to: 1) evaluate the effectiveness of XR training methods and 2) explore the experience of MFRs undergoing such training.MethodsA comprehensive search strategy will encompass four distinct themes: MFRs, disasters/MCIs, education and simulation, and XR. Four databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and LILACs) will be searched along with an in-depth examination of the grey literature and reference lists of relevant articles. MetaQAT will be used as a study quality assessment tool and integrated into Covidence as part of the data extraction form. Given the predicted high heterogeneity between studies, it may not be possible to standardise data for quantitative comparison and meta-analysis. Thus, data will be synthesised in a narrative, semi-quantitative manner.DiscussionThis review will examine the existing literature on the effectiveness of XR simulation as a tool to train MFRs for MCIs, which could ultimately improve preparedness and response to disasters.Trial registrationProtocol registration: PROSPERO CRD42021275692.

Tomando como ejemplo el denominado Media Art y a través de la experiencia del proyecto Archivo Español de Media Art/Spanish Archive of Media Art (aema/saoma), este artículo tiene como objetivo reflexionar acerca de la realidad digital, la producción artística contemporánea y sus posibilidades de archivo y memoria en y para la tarea historiográfica del arte contemporáneo. En la primera parte de este artículo definiremos y precisaremos el objeto Media Art y sus artefactos. En la segunda parte presentaremos y describiremos el proyecto aema, nacido de la experiencia previa del mideciant, con intención de acercarnos a las características conceptuales y técnicas que debe cumplir un archivo de estas propuestas artísticas. En la tercera parte esbozaremos algunas de las interconexiones entre los conceptos de memoria y archivo en relación con el arte de los nuevos medios y plantearemos las dificultades inherentes a las tareas de definir y archivar el Media Art. Por último presentaremos algunas reflexiones y mencionaremos las que nos parecen ser las necesidades más acuciantes (restauración digital, documentación y relato) en los proyectos de archivo de arte digital. Taking as an example the so-called Media Art and departing from the experience of the project “Archivo Español de Media art / Spanish Archive of Media art (aema / saoma)”, this article aims to consider digital reality, contemporary artistic production, and its possibilities of archive and memory in order to approach the historiographical task of contemporary art. First section of this article is devoted to defining Media Art and its artifacts. Second section presents and describes the aema project, born from the previous experience of mideciant, with the intention of approaching the conceptual and technical characteristics that an archive of these artistic proposals must fulfill. In the third section, some of the interconnections between the concepts of memory and archive in relation to new Media Art will be outlined, to raise some of the difficulties inherent to the task of definition, memory and archiving of Media Art. Finally, last section compiles some reflections and analysis on the most pressing needs (digital restoration, documentation and story) that we believe are necessary for digital art archive projects. A partir do exemplo do denominado Media Art e com a experiência do projecto Archivo Español de Media Art/Sanish Archive of Media Art (AEMA/SAOMA), este artigo tem como objetivo refletir sobre a realidade digital, a produção artística contemporânea e suas possibilidades de arquivo e memória em e para a tarefa historiográfica da arte contemporânea. Na primeira parte do texto definiremos e precisaremos o objeto Media Art e seus artefactos. Na segunda parte apresentaremos e descreveremos o projeto AEMA, que surge da experiência previa do MIDECIANT, com a intenção de apertar-nos às características conceptuais e técnicas que deve cumprir um arquivo para este tipo de propostas artísticas. Na terceira parte, falaremos de algumas interconexões entre os conceitos de memória e arquivo na relação com a arte dos novos meios e, mesmo, das dificuldades inerentes às tarefas de definir e arquivar o Media Art. Ao último, apresentaremos algumas reflexões e mencionaremos aquelas que nos parecem as mais necessárias (restauração digital, documentação e relato) nos projetos de arquivação da arte digital.

Introdução – Em exames de tomografia de emissão de positrões (PET, do acrónimo inglês Positron Emission Tomography) com tomografia computadorizada (TC) a ansiedade pode interferir com a experiência do paciente e até com o diagnóstico. A música tem vindo a ser utilizada para controlo da ansiedade dos pacientes em inúmeros contextos clínicos. Objetivo – Verificar o efeito da música no controlo da ansiedade dos pacientes durante exames PET/TC. Métodos – Estudo exploratório onde foram incluídos 22 pacientes no grupo de controlo (GC) e 23 no grupo experimental (GE) que realizaram exame de PET/TC com fluorodesoxiglucose marcada com flúor-18 (18F-FDG). Os pacientes do GE ouviram música durante a aquisição de imagens, enquanto os do GC não. Todos os pacientes responderam a questionários sobre a experiência do exame (QEE) e a uma versão reduzida do questionário State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-State (STAI-S) antes do exame (AE) e depois do exame (DE). Procedeu-se ainda à medição da pressão arterial sistólica (PAS) e diastólica (PAD) AE e DE. Resultados – Os valores do STAI-S não diferiram significativamente entre grupos, quer AE quer DE. Contudo, do AE para o DE verificou-se um aumento destes valores no GC e, em oposição, uma diminuição no GE. Comparando as PA entre o GE e o GC constatou-se que não existem diferenças significativas AE, mas existem DE, sendo que no GE os valores são inferiores aos do GC. No GE 91,3% dos pacientes relatou que a música é um auxílio durante o exame, classificando em média o nível de utilidade em 4,4 (0 a 5, sendo 5 o máximo). Conclusões – No presente estudo ouvir música parece ser eficaz no controlo da ansiedade em exames de PET/TC, mostrando-se os pacientes satisfeitos quanto à utilização desta técnica.

Abstract Background During COVID-19 pandemic, elective invasive cardiac procedures (ICP) have been frequently cancelled or postponed. Consequences may be more evident in patients with diabetes. Objectives The objective was to identify the peculiarities of patients with DM among those in whom ICP were cancelled or postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as to identify subgroups in which the influence of DM has higher impact on the clinical outcome. Methods We included 2,158 patients in whom an elective ICP was cancelled or postponed during COVID-19 pandemic in 37 hospitals in Spain. Among them, 700 (32.4%) were diabetics. Patients with and without diabetes were compared. Results Patients with diabetes were older and had a higher prevalence of other cardiovascular risk factors, previous cardiovascular history and co-morbidities. Diabetics had a higher mortality (3.0% vs. 1.0%; p = 0.001) and cardiovascular mortality (1.9% vs. 0.4%; p = 0.001). Differences were especially important in patients with valvular heart disease (mortality 6.9% vs 1.7% [p

The global rise in population highlights the need for a greater production of quality food. In this regard, intensification of the agricultural sector and an increased use of fertilizers are key. Phosphorus (P), together with nitrogen (N) and potassium (K), is one of the essential elements for plant growth. Modern agriculture is dependent on P derived from phosphate rock, which is a non-renewable resource whose high-quality reserves are becoming increasingly scarce and expensive. In this context, alternative sources of P and the development of new recovery technologies are required. Such technologies are increasingly focused on struvite (MgNH4PO4·6H2O) (STR) from urban or livestock wastewater, whose accessibility is guaranteed. In this study, the medium–long term efficiency of STR from urban wastewater as a fertilizer was evaluated in three successive lettuce crops using a 25 kg pot trial. To this end, STR application was compared with the use of other conventional P fertilizers (NPK, monoammonium phosphate (MAP), and single superphosphate (SSP)) at a dose of 100 kg P ha−1. Crop biomass yield, P uptake, and the nutritional quality of the plants were determined. Moreover, the effect of STR on soil quality was examined using several soil biological indicators. In general, the STR treatment yielded similar biomass results to those obtained with NPK in the three successive lettuce crops. MAP and SSP treatments produced higher biomass in the first crop, but these values diminished in the next two. In relation to the effect on soil, STR treatment maintained the concentration of available P during the three growing cycles and enhanced microbial activity and functional diversity. On the basis of our findings, STR emerges as a sustainable P-fertilization strategy for lettuce production.

Se ofrece un renovado acercamiento a la fisonomía urbana de madīnat Lawša (Loja, Granada) como “ciudad media” del reino nazarí. Partiendo de fuentes archivísticas, arqueológicas, catastrales y planimétricas, en el texto se redundan, se matizan o se presentan conclusiones inéditas sobre lo que fuera el sistema defensivo de la ciudad medieval y sus sistemas de equipamientos comunitarios.

Phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient for crops. Modern agriculture is dependent on P derived from phosphate rock, which is a non-renewable resource that is becoming increasingly scarce and expensive. Therefore, it is necessary to identify alternative sources of P and develop novel technologies for its recovery. Such technologies are increasingly focused on the recovery of struvite (MgNH4PO4·6H2O) (STR) from urban wastewater. A reduction of P in effluents decreases the risk of eutrophication while allowing this mineral to be recovered and reused. Here we applied STR recovered from urban wastewater to three different soils and examined its slow-release properties. We performed a soil column leaching study and compared the results of soil treated with STR with those of soil amended with conventional phosphorous fertilizers, namely NPK, ammonium phosphate (MAP), and superphosphate (SSP). Phosphate leaching capacity followed the order MAP ~ NPK > SSP > STR in the three soils and was consistent with its rate of water solubility. Analysis of the soils after the leaching process showed differences in available P, the highest content being found in soils treated with STR. The results were consistent with those obtained in the leaching assay. STR behaves as a slow-release fertilizer and reduces the risk of eutrophication compared to the conventional P fertilizers tested.

Background: The main objective was to evaluate differences in the clinical, motor, or functional variables in patients with Early Osteoarthritis (EOA) and individuals at risk of developing osteoarthritis (OA). Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed. All the participants were divided into two groups: EOA patients and healthy subjects (HS) at risk of developing OA. The main outcomes were clinical tests, such as those of knee morphology, instability, or proprioception; motor and functional variables, such as knee strength, range of motion, walking speed, and the sit-to-stand test; pain and disability, assessed through the Western Ontario McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) scales; and knee alignment and leg length inequality, assessed via X-ray images. Results: A total of 97 participants were included (54 EOA and 43 HS). Patients with EOA showed a greater presence of knee pain (p < 0.01). In addition, more EOA patients showed instability both in the left (p < 0.01) and right legs (p < 0.05). Regarding the knee alignment variable, significant differences were found (p < 0.04), with more patients with EOA diagnosed as possessing a varus alignment. In addition, EOA patients showed lower knee strength, since statistically significant differences were found regarding flexion and extension strength in the left leg (Mean Difference (MD): 12.92; p = 0.03; d = −0.46 and MD:7.81; p = 0.04; d = −0.39). Differences were found for the sit-to-stand test scores, showing lower results for the EOA group (MD: −1.91; p < 0.01; d = 0.54). Conclusions: The results of this research show statistically significant differences between patients with EOA and HS at risk of developing OA with respect to pain, disability, instability, knee strength, and the sit-to-stand test. Our results suggest that the evaluation of clinical, motor, and functional features could contribute to an early management of knee OA.

La investigación inicialmente se enfocó en los beneficios que podrían aprovecharse de la planta llamada comfrey, el estudio se realizó en el municipio de Cachipay Cundinamarca. En entrevista con agricultores encontramos varios interrogantes del por qué una planta con las propiedades de las que hablaban los productores (de una forma más empírica que científica) no era más aprovechada, lo que nos condujo a indagar sobre qué tipos de uso podrían dársele. Nos encontramos con un uso en particular que nos llamó la atención: emplear esta planta en la fabricación de concentrado alternativo para la crianza de cerdos. Así que nos enfocamos en la producción de dicho concentrado para poder hacer un experimento y compararlo con el concentrado comercialmente conocido y poder comprobar la viabilidad de criar cerdos con el concentrado alternativo en busca de reducir costos y mejorar las propiedades de la carne de cerdo para el consumo humano.

From samples of the Paleozoic Tamatán Group (Huizachal–Peregrina Anticlinorium, Tamaulipas, Mexico), petrographic (qualitative and modal) and geochemical analyses (major, trace, and rare earth elements) were conducted. The first U–Pb geochronological data on detrital zircons of the Tamatán Group were generated using four samples. The data presented here contains a broad overview of photomicrography, recalculated modal point-count data, raw geochemical data, and simple statistics of selected geochemical parameters. The data presented in this article are interpreted and discussed in the research article titled “Provenance and tectonic setting of the Tamatán Paleozoic sequence, NE Mexico: Implications for the closure of the Rheic Ocean at the northwestern part of Gondwana” [1].

Interaction between the atmosphere, plants and soils plays an important role in the carbon cycle. Soils contain vast amounts of carbon, but their capacity to keep it belowground depends on the long-term ecosystem dynamics. Plant growth has the potential of adding or releasing carbon from soil stocks. Since plant growth is also stimulated by higher CO2 levels, understanding its impact on soils becomes crucial for estimating carbon sequestration at the ecosystem level. A recent meta-analysis explored the effect CO2 levels have in plant versus soil carbon sequestration. The integration of 108 experiments performed across different environments revealed that the magnitude of plant growth and the nutrient acquisition strategy result in counterintuitive feedback for soil carbon sequestration.

AimsThe objective of this study is to analyze how the impact of Diabetes Mellitus [DM] in patients with COVID-19 varies according to altitudinal gradient.MethodsWe obtained 1,280,806 records from adult patients with COVID-19 and DM to analyze the probability of COVID-19, development of COVID-19 pneumonia, hospitalization, intubation, admission to the Intensive Care Unit [ICU] and case-fatality rates [CFR]. Variables were controlled by age, sex and altitude of residence to calculate adjusted prevalence and prevalence ratios.ResultsPatients with DM had a 21.8% higher prevalence of COVID-19 and an additional 120.2% higher prevalence of COVID-19 pneumonia. The adjusted prevalence was also higher for these outcomes as well as for hospitalization, intubation and ICU admission. COVID-19 and pneumonia patients with DM had a 97.0% and 19.4% higher CFR, respectively. With increasing altitudes, the probability of being a confirmed COVID-19 case and the development of pneumonia decreased along CFR for patients with and without DM. However, COVID-19 patients with DM were more likely to require intubation when residing at high altitude.ConclusionsThe study suggests that patients with DM have a higher probability of being a confirmed COVID-19 case and developing pneumonia. Higher altitude had a protective relationship against SARS-CoV-2 infection; however, it may be associated with more severe cases in patients with and without DM. High altitude decreases CFR for all COVID-19 patients. Our work also shows that women are less affected than men regardless of altitude.

The aim of the study was to investigate the exercise intensity and energy expenditure during four types of on-court tennis drills. Five female and five male tennis players participated in the study (age: 17 ± 2 years; V∙O2max: 54 ± 6 ml·kg−1·min−1). Anthropometric measures were taken for each player and, on separate days, each player performed (i) treadmill running to determine V∙O2max and (ii) four different tennis drills (Drill1-4) during which V∙O2, blood lactate concentration, ratings of perceived exertion (RPE 6–20), and displacement of center of mass (m) using 3D kinematics were recorded. The drills were designed to simulate match play with 90 s of rest between each drill. A repeated two-way ANOVA was used for physiological and biomechanical data and Friedman's test for RPE using < α 0.05. Fractional utilization of V∙O2max was greatest during Drill1 81.8 ± 7.0% and lowest during Drill4 72.4 ± 5.2% (p < 0.001) with no difference between sexes (p > 0.05). The highest energy expenditure was during Drill1 and lowest during Drill4 (77 ± 15 and 49 ± 11 kcal, respectively, p < 0.05). Energy expenditure per meter for Drill1–Drill4 was subsequently reduced for each drill with 10.5 ± 2.1, 9.9 ± 2.2, 7.6 ± 1.7, and 8.0 ± 1.6 J·kg−1·m−1 (p < 0.01). There were no interaction effects for any of these variables. RPE (6–20) and blood lactate concentration post Drill1–Drill4 were 17.5, 15.5, and 13.0 (overall, legs and arms, p < 0.001) and 5.9 ± 2.0, 4.9 ± 1.9, 5.6 ± 2.0, and 5.0 ± 2.2 mmol·l−1 (p < 0.05). The findings of this study demonstrate that the on-court tennis drills performed here are suitable for high intensity training in junior tennis players. The energy expenditure per minute is comparable to similar sports whereas the energy expenditure per meter is notably greater.

BACKGROUND:A Demographic and Family Health Survey (ENDES, for Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud Familiar in Spanish) is carried out annually in Peru. Based on it, the anemia prevalence was 43.6% in 2016 and 43.8% in 2017 using the WHO cutoff value of 11 g/dL and the altitude-correction equation. OBJECTIVE:To assess factors contributing to anemia and to determine its prevalence in Peruvian children 6 to 35 months old. METHODS:We used the MEASURE DHS-based ENDES survey to obtain representative data for11364 children from 6 to 35 months old on hemoglobin and health determinants. To evaluate normal hemoglobin levels, we used the original WHO criterion of the 5th percentile in children without chronic malnutrition and then applied it to the overall population. Relationships between hemoglobin and altitude levels, usage of cleaning methods to sanitize water safe to drink, usage of solid fuels and poverty status were tested using methodology for complex survey data. Percentile curves were made for altitude intervals by plotting hemoglobin compared to age. The new anemia rates are presented in graphs by Peruvian political regions according to the degree of public health significance. RESULTS:Hemoglobin increased as age and altitude of residence increased. Using the 5th percentile, anemia prevalence was 7.3% in 2016 and 2017. Children from low altitudes had higher anemia prevalence (8.5%) than those from high altitudes (1.2%, p

Em exames de tomografia de emissão de positrões (PET, do acrónimo inglês Positron Emission Tomography) com tomografia computadorizada (TC) a ansiedade pode interferir com a experiência do paciente e até com o diagnóstico. A música tem vindo a ser utilizada para controlo da ansiedade dos pacientes em inúmeros contextos clínicos. Objetivo – Verificar o efeito da música no controlo da ansiedade dos pacientes durante exames PET/TC. Métodos – Estudo exploratório onde foram incluídos 22 pacientes no grupo de controlo (GC) e 23 no grupo experimental (GE) que realizaram exame de PET/TC com fluorodesoxiglucose marcada com flúor-18 (18F-FDG). Os pacientes do GE ouviram música durante a aquisição de imagens, enquanto os do GC não. Todos os pacientes responderam a questionários sobre a experiência do exame (QEE) e a uma versão reduzida do questionário State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-State (STAI-S) antes do exame (AE) e depois do exame (DE). Procedeu-se ainda à medição da pressão arterial sistólica (PAS) e diastólica (PAD) AE e DE. Resultados – Os valores do STAI-S não diferiram significativamente entre grupos, quer AE quer DE. Contudo, do AE para o DE verificou-se um aumento destes valores no GC e, em oposição, uma diminuição no GE. Comparando as PA entre o GE e o GC constatou-se que não existem diferenças significativas AE, mas existem DE, sendo que no GE os valores são inferiores aos do GC. No GE 91,3% dos pacientes relatou que a música é um auxílio durante o exame, classificando em média o nível de utilidade em 4,4 (0 a 5, sendo 5 o máximo). Conclusões – No presente estudo ouvir música parece ser eficaz no controlo da ansiedade em exames de PET/TC, mostrando-se os pacientes satisfeitos quanto à utilização desta técnica.

Los descubrimientos arqueológicos acaecidos en el lugar conocido como Punta de la Vaca durante 1887, que culminaron con el hallazgo de un sarcófago antropoide fenicio, impulsaron la creación del Museo Arqueológico Provincial de Cádiz. El Museo se incorporó pronto al Estado y tuvo varias sedes hasta su instalación definitiva en el edificio de la plaza de Mina donde se había ubicado inicialmente y que también acogía al Museo Provincial de Bellas Artes. La fusión de las dos antiguas instituciones en 1970 dio lugar a la creación del Museo de Cádiz, convirtiéndose a partir de entonces en una sección del nuevo Museo. Su historia estuvo plagada de dificultades debido a la escasez de recursos, pero en el momento de la unión ya contaba con un importante volumen de fondos, que se han incrementado sustancialmente durante las últimas décadas.

A desconfiança ameaça o discurso e a ação políticos. Porém, apenas a linguagem e, portanto, as “aparências” podem nos dizer a verdade, pois só conhecemos o mundo através delas. Não há outro acesso possível à realidade e à verdade, social ou natural, além daquilo que o mundo, natural ou construído, oferece à percepção de nossos sentidos e sobre o qual construímos seu próprio “sentido” . Diante da persistente desconfiança das aparências e, portanto, da linguagem – uma suspeita semiótica baseada na ideia de que a linguagem nada mais é do que um véu cuja função não é dizer ou fazer conhecer o mundo, mas sim ser um filtro (quase um feitiço) que nos impede de “sentir” a realidade exata das coisas e defender uma palavra política “transparente” e “imediata” – este artigo se propõe a analisar os conflitos enunciativos da construção do discurso político como “mediação” semiótica.

El trabajo se realizó con el objetivo de evaluar el efecto de dos biofertilizantes en la producción de maíz, solos y combinados con dos fórmulas de fertilización química. El experimento se realizó bajo un diseño experimental de bloques al azar, con nueve tratamientos y cuatro repeticiones, conformando un total de 36 unidades experimentales. Los biofertilizantes evaluados fueron las especies Azospirillum brasilense y Chromobactherium violaceum, y las fórmulas de fertilización química 80-23-15 y 160-46-30 de N, P y K. El mejor rendimiento de grano de maíz se logró con el tratamiento Azospirillum brasilense + 160-46-30 de N-P-K, con 5.97 t ha-1, en segundo lugar Chromobacterium violaceum + 80-23-15 de N-P-K con 5.87 t ha-1. El menor rendimiento de 4.30 t ha-¹ se tuvo con el Testigo absoluto. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que cuando se utiliza biofertilizantes existe un incremento en el rendimiento de maíz por efecto de la aplicación de microorganismos benéficos. El análisis económico mostró que los mayores beneficios netos se tuvieron con los tratamientos Azospirillum brasilense + Chromobacterium violaceum + fertilización química 160-46-30 y Azospirillum brasilense + fertilización quimica 160-46-30. Se concluye que el uso del biofertilizante Azospirillum brasilense representó un incremento en el rendimiento de grano de 27.98% (1.67 t ha-1) con respecto al testigo absoluto, lográndose un mayor beneficio neto.

This note presents the first record of the genus Astrodoras Bleeker, 1862 (Siluriformes, Doradidae) in the Colombian Amazon (Amacayacu National Park). The single species described for the genus is A. asterifrons (Kner, 1853), reported only from the Amazon River basin in Brazil and Bolivia. The Colombian specimens are characterized by a gas (swim) bladder that is different from that of A. asterifrons, indicating that they represent a distinct and undescribed species of Astrodoras.

Objective. Assessing the level of anxiety in oncology patients who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT low dose scan and identifying the main reasons that generate anxiety. Material and Method. The study included 81 cancer patients submitted to the 18F-FDG PET/CT low dose scan. Patients filled in the Scan Experience Questionnaire and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) before and after 18F-FDG PET/CT low dose scan. Results. Substantial levels of anxiety were detected both before and after 18F-FDG PET/CT low dose scan (STAI mean > 30), with a significant increase in the state of anxiety after scan performance (p

La investigación se realizó en Villaflores, Chiapas, México, localizado entre los paralelos 16º 15’ 14’’ de latitud Norte y en el meridiano 93º 15’ 22’’ de longitud Oeste, con una altitud de 557 msnm y clima cálido subhúmedo. El objetivo fue evaluar la respuesta de las plantas de café en etapa de vivero, manejadas bajo el enfoque ecológico, a la utilización de tres abonos orgánicos (composta, bocashi y vermiabono) empleados bajo diferentes proporciones (25%, 50%, 75% y 100%). El diseño experimental utilizado fue completamente al azar con el arreglo de tratamientos bifactorial con 13 tratamientos y tres repeticiones, haciendo un total de 39 unidades experimentales, cada unidad experimental constó de 30 plántulas establecidas en bolsa de vivero de 13*20 cm. Los resultados indican que los abonos orgánicos composta y bocashi mostraron los mejores beneficios en la producción de plantas de café en la etapa de vivero, sobresaliendo las proporciones de 25% y 50%. Para el número de hojas la proporción que acumuló la mayor cantidad fue 50% de composta; para esta misma proporción se cuantificó el mayor peso seco y verde de raíz, tallo y hojas, por lo que se considera como uno de los tratamientos más pertinentes para la producción de plántulas de café en la etapa de vivero.

We describe the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) system. Elements of the system critical for successful reduction of nosocomial infection rates include voluntary participation and confidentiality; standard definitions and protocols; identification of populations at high risk; site-specific, risk-adjusted infection rates comparable across institutions; adequate numbers of trained infection control professionals; dissemination of data to health-care providers; and a link between monitored rates and prevention efforts.

Es conocido de todos el emplazamiento de El Raso de Candeleda, al Sur de la provincia de Ávila, en su límite con las de Toledo y Cáceres, al pie de la Sierra de Gredos por su vertiente meridional. Allí venimos realizando excavaciones desde hace una docena larga de años, las cuales nos han permitido conocer, con bastante claridad, el origen y la evolución del yacimiento en la segunda mitad del último milenio a.C, con unos elementos que pueden considerarse de una época anterior y otros que pertenecen ya al periodo de la romanización.

En las condiciones de la economía contemporánea son varias las evidencias que muestran las dificultades del planeta para poder mostrar resultados favorables en la construcción del desarrollo sostenible. La participación de los países de periferia es de gran importancia para asegurar el bienestar del mismo. Situaciones inapropiadas en la agricultura y la manera como se realiza el comercio internacional de los alimentos, se convierten en dificultades de gran preocupación en la economía actual. Adicionalmente, los problemas estructurales de los países en vía de desarrollo relacionados con el servicio de la deuda impiden prácticas sostenibles al interior de sus economías por las limitaciones financieras que presentan. Los problemas sociales, productivos y crediticios al interior de cada país, impiden que se pueda construir sostenibilidad desde periferia. La economía internacional y los instrumentos que se pueden utilizar para reorganizar o modificar el mundo, con la intención de buscar el beneficio colectivo, que asegure la preservación del patrimonio natural mundial y una oferta y demanda de bienes ambientales no evolucionan adecuadamente.Las estrategias internacionales que eviten el sufrimiento, los mayores desastres ambientales en las generaciones presentes y futuras no son las mejores. La crisis económica actual y la evolución del sistema económico no permiten mejorar las condiciones de las economías del mundo, especialmente las más pobres, y por consiguiente, no se podrá implantar modelos sostenibles eficaces. La naturaleza de la sostenibilidad debe ser colectiva para que agregadamente pueda mostrar resultados favorables. Si esta situación no se da el sistema tiende a ser involutivo. ABSTRACT: Under the conditions of the contemporary economy are several evidences that show the difficulties of the planet to show favorable results in the construction of sustainable development. The involvement of peripheral countries is of great importance to ensure the welfare of the planet. Inappropriate situations in agriculture and how international trade is carried food, difficulties become major concern in today’s economy. Additionally, structural problems of developing countries pathway related to debt service impede sustainable practices within their economies have financial constraints. The social, productive and credit within each country are preventing sustainability can be built from the periphery. The international economy and the tools that can be used to rearrange or change the world, with the intention of seeking the common good, which ensures the preservation of world natural heritage and a supply and demand for environmental goods do not evolve properly. International strategies to avoid suffering the biggest environmental disasters in the present and future generations are not the best. The current economic crisis and the evolution of economic system does not allow to improve the conditions of the world’s economies, especially the poorest, and therefore can not implement effective sustainable models. The nature of sustainability must be collective for aggregators to show favorable results. If this situation is not the system tends to be involutory.

El cambio climático ha captado la atención del mundo entero, en especial por los problemas presentados en el planeta con mayor relevancia, en lo que va corrido del siglo XXI. América Latina sale a relucir, no por la cantidad de emisiones de gases efecto invernadero (GEI), sino por la oportunidad que tiene de brindar al mundo un equilibrio que mitigue el impacto, como su oferta de bosques y el sumidero que representa, estas formas de compensación y daño de las actividades económicas responsables del efecto invernadero, pueden ser analizadas con interés desde instrumentos como las externalidades e internalidades de manera global. La participación de los países de América Latina y el Caribe en el escenario internacional, así como los acuerdos multilaterales sobre medio ambiente (amumas) que están vigentes en la actualidad, deben ser de vital importancia en la globalización y en el comercio internacional donde, se regulan y manejan las condiciones de producción, distribución y consumo de bienes y servicios económicos. Abstract: Climate change has attracted worldwide attention, especially due to the problems experienced on the planet, in particular in these first years of the 21st century. Latin America stands out, not because of the amount of emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs), but because it has the opportunity to provide a balance to the world that will mitigate the impact, with its forests and its representation as a sink. These forms of compensation and damage to economical activities responsible for the greenhouse effect can be analyzed with instruments such as externalities and internalities in a global way. The participation of Latinamerican and Caribbean countries in the international arena, as well as, multilateral environmental agreements (amumas) that are in force nowadays, have been vital in globalization and international trade where conditions of production, distribution and consumption of economical goods and services are regulated and managed.

El presente trabajo desarrolla dos líneas de investigación en temas de pobreza y derechoshumanos en las comunidades del cajón del Río Queuco en el Alto Bio Bio, Chile. La primera es un estudio del caso de la relocalización de la comunidad de Nehuen Mapu en el fundo San Ramón en la comuna de Santa Bárbara desde la Comunidad de Malla Malla. La segunda es el contexto general de evaluación de la política indígena desde la perspectiva del derecho al desarrollo y los derechos humanos. En la primera línea se emplea la metodología cualitativa de investigación-acción, en la segunda la combinación de análisis de datos cualitativos y cuantitativos para los enfoques de evaluación. Los resultados obtenidos definen las causas y consecuencias de la relocalización de la comunidad y permiten postular un modelo de análisis y evaluación de la política indígena en Chile.

Este artigo visa pensar a estratégia, que em sua origem era estritamente uma metodologia da ação, como modelo semiótico. Para isso, toma como objeto a descrição literária da guerra de guerrilha praticada pelos árabes contra os turcos na sua histórica revolta contra o Império Otomano entre 1916 e 1918. A hipótese é que o êxito da estratégia adotada pelos árabes deve-se ao rompimento da guerrilha com um programa narrativo clássico, no qual se reconhece claramente um sujeito e um percurso de busca por um objeto-valor. Ao romper com um percurso narrativo canônico, o modelo de comportamento estratégico da guerrilha escapa à inteligibilidade e apela para o emocional. A guerrilha manifesta-se, antes de tudo, como dispositivo tensivo: uma ameaça absoluta, constante e indefinida que pode ser melhor compreendida à luz de uma “semiótica dos acontecimentos”. Palavras-chave: semiótica da estratégia; guerrilha; percurso narrativo Abstract Semiotic and strategic models – This article discusses the concept of strategy – whose origin was strictly a methodology of action – as a semiotic model. To this end, it takes as its object a literary description of guerrilla warfare as practiced by the Arabs against the Turks in their historical revolt against the Ottoman Empire from 1916 to 1918. The hypothesis here is that the success of the strategy the Arabs adopted is due to the guerillas’ break from a classical narrative program, which is circumscribed by a clearly recognized subject and the quest for a value-object. By breaking away from the canonical narrative schema, the model of strategic behavior of guerrilla warfare escapes from intelligibleness and appeals to the emotional. Guerrilla warfare is manifested, above all, as a tensional device: an absolute, constant and undefined threat, which can be better understood in the light of a “semiotic of events”. Key words: semiotics; strategy; guerrilla warfare; narrative itinerary

En el presente artículo se esbozan algunas ideas de importancia relacionadas con el producto interno bruto, algunas variables de éste y el sistema de cuentas ambientales, tomando como ejemplo de ilustración el caso colombiano. Se hace un análisis de los componentes del sistema de Cuentas Nacionales – Cuentas Satelitales, la participación del medio ambiente en relación con el desarrollo sostenible macroeconómicamente, expresados de manera teórica, ecuacional, gráfica y analítica.

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Real-world evidence on the impact of monoclonal antibodies as first-line treatment in Spain is limited. This observational, retrospective and prospective, multicenter, descriptive study included 117 transplant-ineligible newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (TIE-NDMM) patients divided into Group A, who received no daratumumab standard regimens, and the DVMP group (daratumumab, bortezomib, melphalan, and prednisone treatment). More than 90% of the patients in Group A received bortezomib, lenalidomide, or a combination of them. The median follow-up time for Group A was 38.2 months in comparison to 25.8 months for the DVMP group (p < 0.0001). The rate of DVMP patients that experienced disease progression or death from any cause was 36.8%, compared to 67.3% of Group A patients at 36 months of follow-up. The DVMP group had a higher 36-month progression-free survival (PFS) rate (52.9% vs. 31.7%). During the retrospective period, 73.0% of patients reported adverse drug reactions, while in the prospective period, 40.5% experienced adverse events, with no clinical differences between groups. The study supports the use of daratumumab regimens in frontline therapy based on real-world data. The findings provide valuable insights into the clinical outcomes of daratumumab therapy, which can help physicians make informed decisions regarding the optimal treatment approach for this patient population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The biostratigraphic analysis of the Paleozoic sedimentary successions in Mexico is crucial for understanding their age, depositional setting, and paleogeographic implications. This study examined conodonts and microfacies of calcareous strata within the Del Monte Formation of the Tamatán Group in northeastern Mexico. Field observations have led to the identification of three units within the Del Monte Formation: Unit 1, characterized by calcareous sandstone, bioclastic limestone, shale, occasional conglomerate, and dolomitized beds; Unit 2, consisting of conglomerate and/or breccia associated with debris flows; and Unit 3 including turbiditic sandstone and shale. Conodonts were only recognized in Unit 1, with such genera as Idiognathoides, Neognathodus, Idiognathodus and less frequently, Streptognathodus, Adetognathus, and Diplognathodus. The faunal associations include Idiognathoides cf. Id. corrugatus Harris & Hollingsworth, 1933, Idiognathoides sulcatus sulcatus Higgins & Bouckaert, 1968, Idiognathoides convexus (Ellison & Graves, 1941), Idiognathoides asiaticus Nigmadganov & Nemyrovskaya, 1992, Neognathodus cf. N. atokaensis Grayson, 1984, Neognathodus aff. bothrops Merrill, 1972, Neognathodus nataliae Alekseev & Gerelzezeg, 2001 (in Alekseev & Goreva 2001), Streptognathodus parvus Dunn, 1966, Idiognathodus incurvus Dunn, 1966, and Idiognathodus aff. delicatus Gunnell, 1931, suggesting Morrowan and Atokan (Pennsylvanian) ages for the dolomitic limestone and grainstone beds. Five types of microfacies (MF) and several marine facies zone (FZ) have been detected: MF1-bioclastic grainstone and MF2-wackestone deposited at the platform margin (FZ 6 and FZ 7), MF3-dolomitized wackestone representing an inner restricted platform (FZ 8), MF4-mudstone from a deeper water zone (FZ 4), and MF5-siliciclastic beds with bioclasts indicating a high-energy barrier associated with a platform margin (FZ 6). The findings confirm a shallow to deep platform and imply a connection among Mexican peri-Gondwanan basins, including the Tamatán Basin, indicating similarities in sedimentary facies and/or depositional environments linked to the Rheic Ocean during the Early to Middle Pennsylvanian. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]