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2. Pacific white shrimp, red drum, and tilapia integrated in a biofloc system: Use of tilapia as a consumer of total suspended solids

Author

Carlos Augusto Prata Gaona, Luis H. Poersch, Jacob Richardson, John W. Leffler, Kevin Pitts, Alvin D. Stokes, Jeff F. Brunson, Marine Aquaculture Station, Waddell Mariculture Center – South Carolina Department of Natural Resources (USA), and Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)

Subjects
Suspended solids, food.ingredient, tilapia, Tilapia, Drum, Aquatic Science, Biology, Pulp and paper industry, Clarifier, Shrimp, food, clarifier, System use, biofloc, suspended solids, Agronomy and Crop Science, Litopenaeus vannamei, Total suspended solids
Abstract

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-28T19:42:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-01-01 The objective of this study was to evaluate tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, for the biological control of suspended solids in an integrated biofloc technology (BFT) system rearing red drum, Sciaenops ocellatus, and Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. Four integrated systems were structured with recirculating water in closed circuits composed of separate tanks for each species. The experiment compared the use of tilapia to control suspended solids (biological treatment [BT]) to control systems without tilapia. The initial mean weights and stocking densities were: 2 g and 250 ind/m3 for shrimp; 71 g and 1.04 kg/m3 for red drum; and 85 g and 5.12 kg/m3 for tilapia. Temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, alkalinity, salinity, total suspended solids, total ammonia nitrogen (TA-N), and nitrite were measured. Temperature, DO, pH, alkalinity, and TA-N were maintained within guidelines recommended for shrimp, red drum, and tilapia. Nitrite concentrations remained within guidelines for red drum and tilapia. No significant difference in growth performance between the control and BT was observed, but the apparent consumption of solids in systems with tilapia resulted in decreased particulate matter in the effluent compared to the control. The study showed that the tilapia could control the suspended solids when integrated with red drum and marine shrimp culture with BFT in an integrated multitrophic system. Federal University of Rio Grande – FURG Institute of Oceanography Marine Aquaculture Station Waddell Mariculture Center – South Carolina Department of Natural Resources (USA) Universidade Estadual Paulista – UNESP Universidade Estadual Paulista – UNESP

Published
2021

4. Evaluation of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) health during a superintensive aquaculture growout using NMR-based metabolomics.

Author

Tracey B Schock, Jessica Duke, Abby Goodson, Daryl Weldon, Jeff Brunson, John W Leffler, and Daniel W Bearden

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Success of the shrimp aquaculture industry requires technological advances that increase production and environmental sustainability. Indoor, superintensive, aquaculture systems are being developed that permit year-round production of farmed shrimp at high densities. These systems are intended to overcome problems of disease susceptibility and of water quality issues from waste products, by operating as essentially closed systems that promote beneficial microbial communities (biofloc). The resulting biofloc can assimilate and detoxify wastes, may provide nutrition for the farmed organisms resulting in improved growth, and may aid in reducing disease initiated from external sources. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomic techniques were used to assess shrimp health during a full growout cycle from the nursery phase through harvest in a minimal-exchange, superintensive, biofloc system. Aberrant shrimp metabolomes were detected from a spike in total ammonia nitrogen in the nursery, from a reduced feeding period that was a consequence of surface scum build-up in the raceway, and from the stocking transition from the nursery to the growout raceway. The biochemical changes in the shrimp that were induced by the stressors were essential for survival and included nitrogen detoxification and energy conservation mechanisms. Inosine and trehalose may be general biomarkers of stress in Litopenaeus vannamei. This study demonstrates one aspect of the practicality of using NMR-based metabolomics to enhance the aquaculture industry by providing physiological insight into common environmental stresses that may limit growth or better explain reduced survival and production.

Published
2013
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