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Based on the resource-based view, this paper attempts to analyze the impact of international related-party trade on the performance of foreign-funded enterprises in China from the perspective of value creation. The findings of this paper are as follows. (1) the greater the proportion of parent company to foreign-funded enterprises’ international related-party transactions, the better the performance of foreign-funded enterprises. (2) As the differences in legal systems increase, the role of international related-party trade in promoting performance is weakening. (3) As cultural differences increase, the role of international related-party trade in promoting performance is increasing. After considering the impact of transfer pricing, the conclusions of this paper remain unchanged.

Abstract Background Gingival recession and post-operation discomfort are still a problem for patients receiving the periodontal regeneration surgery for intra-bony defects. To further reduce the trauma and the post-operation gingival recession, a novel periodontal endoscopy-aided non-incisional regeneration technique (NIT) was proposed in the treatment of intra-bony defects. Methods Retrospective analysis of 21 subjects treated with NIT and 21 subjects with periodontal endoscopy-aided scaling and root planing (PSRP) at baseline and 1-year evaluation was conducted. After removing the subgingival calculus and granulation tissue, bone grafting materials were placed into intrabony defects with the assistance of a gingival retractor in the NIT group. Probing depth (PD), gingival recession (GR), clinical attachment level (CAL), as well as the distance between bone crest (BC) level and base of the defect (BD) (intrabony defect depth, IBD) were evaluated at baseline and 1 year after treatment. Results At 1-year follow-up, the value of CAL, PD and IBD were statistically significant different compared with baseline in both two groups (p

Abstract Objective This retrospective study aimed to analyze the clinical efficacy of two regenerative surgical methods — Bio-Oss granules combined with barrier membranes and Bio-Oss Collagen alone — and to help clinicians achieve better periodontal regeneration outcomes in the specific periodontal condition. Methodology Patients who underwent periodontal regeneration surgery from January 2018 to April 2022 were retrospectively screened, and their clinical and radiographic outcomes at 6 months postoperatively were analyzed. The probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP), gingival recession (GR), distance from the cemento-enamel junction to the bottom of the bone defect (CEJ-BD), and depth of intrabony defects (INFRA) were recorded before the operation (T0) and 6 months after it (T1), and subsequently compared. Results In total, 143 patients were included — 77 were placed in the Bio-Oss group and 66 were placed in the Bio-Oss Collagen group. All indicators, including PD and CAL at T1, showed significant differences compared to baseline, for both groups (P

Waste heat recovery is a key problem to be solved for metallurgical slag. Furthermore, the heat source is a current bottleneck for sewage sludge gasification technology. At present, there is no complete process system for the thermochemical conversion of sludge driven by metallurgical slag waste heat. To recover the waste heat of slag, a granulation and waste heat recovery system using the sewage sludge gasification reaction is proposed in this paper. The sludge gasification kinetics were analyzed using thermogravimetry (TG). The active catalytic components in both Cu and Ni slag were determined using X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results show that the metallurgical slag could improve the decomposition rate of the sludge gasification reaction. The main catalytic components were Fe3O4 and CaO for Cu slag and Ni slag, respectively. The conversion ratio was increased by 7.8% and 11.8%, while the activation energy decreased from 21.09 kJ/mol to 17.36 kJ/mol and 17.30 kJ/mol, respectively, when Cu slag and Ni slag were added. After oxidative modification, the catalytic function was enhanced for Cu slag, whereas it was weakened for Ni slag.

Finite-time synchronization in pth moment is considered for time varying stochastic chaotic neural networks. Compared with some existing results about finite-time mean square stability of stochastic neural network, we obtain some useful criteria of finite-time synchronization in pth moment for chaotic neural networks based on finite-time nonlinear feedback control and finite-time adaptive feedback control, which are efficient and easy to implement in practical applications. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate the validity of the derived synchronization conditions.