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Finds of early medieval Schlingen-type swords are mostly concentrated in present-day southern Germany, where they are known from a number of graves dating to the end of the late Merovingian period. On the contrary, these swords are completely absent in contexts of the early Carolingian and Great Moravian periods. This paper presents a new find of Schlingen-type sword from Vlčí Pole in the northeastern part of Central Bohemia and its archaeometric analysis. We consider the sword from Vlčí Pole to be the only unambiguous find of a fully preserved long-bladed weapon of the late 7th to 8th century in Bohemia. As it is one of the few late Merovingian swords to have been examined using X-ray computed tomography and metallography, it also contributes to a general understanding of phenomena such as the development of the use of pattern-welded marks and blades with cutting edges of hardened steel.

Ústředním prvkem předložené studie jsou znovuobjevené ostruhy s garniturami řemení nalezené roku 1951 při archeologickém výzkumu pohřebiště na akropoli hradiště v Libici nad Cidlinou. Na povrchu artefaktů byly za pomoci rentgenového tomografu a spektrometrie odhaleny a podrobně dokumentovány pozůstatky bohaté výzdoby provedené stříbrem a slitinami barevných kovů, díky nimž se set řadí mezi nejcennější nálezy raně středověkých ostruh z českého území. Výsledky typologického a chronologického vyhodnocení ostruh, revize nálezového kontextu a radiouhlíkové datování ostatků libických hrobů s ostruhami se staly základem pro přezkoumání geneze a šíření ostruh s dlouhým bodcem. Datování pohřbu 161N do druhé poloviny 9. století vyvolává i obecnější otázky týkající se periodizace takzvaných povelkomoravských památek v raně středověkých Čechách či dynamiky kontaktů s Moravou a Franskou říší.

El artículo trata de un examen metalográfico de una espada de la tumba número 438, que fue descubierta en el yacimiento de Mikulčice (Hodonín Condado), antiguo bastión bajomedieval en Moravia (República Checa). Mikulčice fue uno de los centros de poder principales del Gran Moravia - la primera agrupación estatal de los eslavos del norte del río Danubio - que se creó en el primer tercio del siglo IX y fue abolido al comienzo del siglo X. La espada, que cuenta con un pomo aplanado hemiesféri-co (Petersen tipo X), tiene una hoja con una inscripción que ya no es legible. De acuerdo con los resulta-dos del examen metalográfico, la hoja fue endurecida y se compone de filos de corte de acero, soldados a un núcleo. Éste está compuesto de placas laterales de acero y una franja central de hierro o de acero dulce. Era una espada excelente, sin duda, una de las mejores espadas jamás excavadas en Mikulčice.

Every workday the city of Bílina, with the I/13 road running through it, suffers from traffic congestion. The road is designed as dual carriageway outside Bílina but only as a single carriageway inside the city. Three roundabouts further complicate the situation. As a solution a 1,3 km long tunnel going under the city was proposed. The preliminary geotechnical investigation describes the geological conditions of the area, suggests the most appropriate localisation details of the tunnel, points out several complications that can be expected and finally offers solutions to mitigate them.

The article deals with the evaluation and comparison of measured data from geotechnical monitoring of a gabion wall and an adjacent slope. In 2015, new anomalous phenomena related to deformations and a shift in the area of previously activated landslide were recorded on some monitoring elements in the area of the gabion wall. Measurements carried out in previous stages had revealed the re activation of landslides, probably due to a significant rise in groundwater levels, whose fluctuation has been up to 3 m. A proper evaluation of the obtained results cannot be quantified without the determination of warning status or without a stability calculation. Only the trend and magnitude of the measured values can be evaluated.

The reclamation area for secondary float energy by-products is located on a spoil heap, 45m thick and 30 years old, and consists mostly of clay stone with high plasticity. When depositing a first 18m high stack, it was necessary to verify stability and to analyse deformations during the reclaiming operation. Stability and deformation depend on the shallow groundwater level. Therefore, it was necessary to propose a technical solution for drainage of the structure concerned. This can be divided into two parts: drainage of surface water and drainage of the shallow underground water. It means a complex solution for the entire construction that would not be possible without long-term monitoring of the construction and field mapping. Completion of the proposed facilities will increase the stability of the reclamation area and it will then be possible to continue with remediation of the former surface mine.

This study deals with prediction of the development of groundwater quality in a finished sludge lagoon. For depositing and predicting secondary float energy by-products, it is appropriate to use mathematical modelling. The implementation of relevant input data from long-term monitoring is suitable as an application for verification as well. The main output was the determination of the necessary priorities and geotechnical risks in solving the final state of the area of interest, especially regarding solving of the drainage system in the subsequently finished sludge lagoon.