Search

Your search keyword '"Janz, D."' showing total 207 results
Start Over Author "Janz, D." Language english
207 results on '"Janz, D."'

5. Adapting the Linearised Laplace Model Evidence for Modern Deep Learning

Author

Antorán, J., Janz, D., Allingham, J.U., Daxberger, E., Barbano, R., Nalisnick, E., Hernández-Lobato, J.M., and Amsterdam Machine Learning lab (IVI, FNWI)

Subjects
FOS: Computer and information sciences, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI), Statistics - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning (stat.ML), Machine Learning (cs.LG)
Abstract

The linearised Laplace method for estimating model uncertainty has received renewed attention in the Bayesian deep learning community. The method provides reliable error bars and admits a closed-form expression for the model evidence, allowing for scalable selection of model hyperparameters. In this work, we examine the assumptions behind this method, particularly in conjunction with model selection. We show that these interact poorly with some now-standard tools of deep learning--stochastic approximation methods and normalisation layers--and make recommendations for how to better adapt this classic method to the modern setting. We provide theoretical support for our recommendations and validate them empirically on MLPs, classic CNNs, residual networks with and without normalisation layers, generative autoencoders and transformers., Comment: Paper appearing at ICML 2022

Published
2022

16. The effect of providing a greater freedom of movement through periodic exercise on the welfare and stress physiology of stall-housed gestating sows and on piglet behaviour.

Author

Tokareva, M., Brown, J. A., MacPhee, D. J., Janz, D. M., and Seddon, Y. M.

Subjects
EXERCISE physiology, PIGLETS, SOWS, PHYSIOLOGY, PSYCHOLOGICAL stress, ANIMAL welfare, SWINE
Abstract

In Canada, the 2014 Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of Pigs proposed the continued operation of existing stall barns after 2024 on condition that bred sows be given access to periodic exercise. Therefore, this study evaluated the effects of periodic exercise on sow welfare. Sows (n = 180) were assigned to one of three treatments: stall-housed (Control: C); stall-housed and exercised weekly for 10 min (Exercise: E); and group-housed (Group: G). Sow postures and stereotypies were recorded once per week in early, mid and late gestation before (AM) and after (PM) exercise. Female piglets (n = 168 from C, E and G sows) underwent isolation and novel object tests at 19-22 days of age. Postures differed by treatment in AM with G sows lying more and sitting less than C and E sows, which did not differ. In PM, E sows sat more than G sows, with C sows being intermediate. In early gestation, G sows performed fewer stereotypies than E sows, with C sows being intermediate. In mid gestation, G sows performed fewer stereotypies than C and E sows, which did not differ. Piglets from C sows were more active in the novel object test than E and G piglets, which did not differ. Group housing improved sow comfort (indicated by postures) and reduced sow stress (indicated by stereotypies), but periodic exercise did not. Decreased activity level in piglets from sows given greater freedom of movement indicates that gestation housing can influence the behaviour of offspring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

17. An analysis and evaluation of the WeFold collaborative for protein structure prediction and its pipelines in CASP11 and CASP12

Author

Keasar, C, McGuffin, LJ, Wallner, B, Chopra, G, Adhikari, B, Bhattacharya, D, Blake, L, Bortot, LO, Cao, R, Dhanasekaran, BK, Dimas, I, Faccioli, RA, Faraggi, E, Ganzynkowicz, R, Ghosh, S, Giełdoń, A, Golon, L, He, Y, Heo, L, Hou, J, Khan, M, Khatib, F, Khoury, GA, Kieslich, C, Kim, DE, Krupa, P, Lee, GR, Li, H, Li, J, Lipska, A, Liwo, A, Maghrabi, AHA, Mirdita, M, Mirzaei, S, Mozolewska, MA, Onel, M, Ovchinnikov, S, Shah, A, Shah, U, Sidi, T, Sieradzan, AK, Ślusarz, M, Ślusarz, R, Smadbeck, J, Tamamis, P, Trieber, N, Wirecki, T, Yin, Y, Zhang, Y, Bacardit, J, Baranowski, M, Chapman, N, Cooper, S, Defelicibus, A, Flatten, J, Koepnick, B, Popović, Z, Zaborowski, B, Baker, D, Cheng, J, Czaplewski, C, Delbem, ACB, Floudas, C, Kloczkowski, A, Ołdziej, S, Levitt, M, Scheraga, H, Seok, C, Söding, J, Vishveshwara, S, Xu, D, Caglar, A, Coral, A, MacMillan, A, Lubow, A, Failer, B, Kestemont, B, Landers, CR, Painter, CR, Garnier, C, Sellin, C, Janz, D, and Wheeler, DC

Abstract

© 2018 The Author(s). Every two years groups worldwide participate in the Critical Assessment of Protein Structure Prediction (CASP) experiment to blindly test the strengths and weaknesses of their computational methods. CASP has significantly advanced the field but many hurdles still remain, which may require new ideas and collaborations. In 2012 a web-based effort called WeFold, was initiated to promote collaboration within the CASP community and attract researchers from other fields to contribute new ideas to CASP. Members of the WeFold coopetition (cooperation and competition) participated in CASP as individual teams, but also shared components of their methods to create hybrid pipelines and actively contributed to this effort. We assert that the scale and diversity of integrative prediction pipelines could not have been achieved by any individual lab or even by any collaboration among a few partners. The models contributed by the participating groups and generated by the pipelines are publicly available at the WeFold website providing a wealth of data that remains to be tapped. Here, we analyze the results of the 2014 and 2016 pipelines showing improvements according to the CASP assessment as well as areas that require further adjustments and research.

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

21. Adaptation to drought in Populus: Is leaf growth a key trait?

Author

Smith, Hazel Katherine, Wildhagen, Henning, Viger, Maud, Chapman, M, Valdes-Fragoso, B, Douthe, Cyril, Cohen, David, Bure, Cyril, Brendel, Oliver, Le Thiec, Didier, Hummel, Iréne, Paulo, Joao, Schnabel, Sabine, Vendramin, V, Scalabrin, Simone, Cattonaro, Federica, Janz, D., Pollastri, S., Della Rocca, Gianni, Haworth, M., Rüger, Simon, Centritto, Mauro, Loreto, Francesco, Keurentjes, Joost, van Eeuwijk, Fred, Morgante, Michele, Flexas, Jaume, Bogeat, Marie-Béatrice, Polle, Andrea, Taylor, Gail, University of Southampton, Georg-August-University [Göttingen], Universitat de les Illes Balears (UIB), Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières [devient SILVA en 2018] (EEF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Applied Genomics Institute (IGA), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), German Research Center for Environmental Health, Università degli Studi di Udine - University of Udine [Italie], and Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] (WUR)

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Abstract

absent

Published
2015

22. Genome-wide linkage meta-analysis identifies susceptibility loci at 2q34 and 13q31.3 for genetic generalized epilepsies

Author

Leu C, de Kovel CG, Zara F, Striano P, Pezzella M, Robbiano A, Bianchi A, Bisulli F, Coppola A, Giallonardo AT, Beccaria F, Trenité DK, Lindhout D, Gaus V, Schmitz B, Janz D, Weber YG, Becker F, Lerche H, Kleefuss Lie AA, Hallman K, Kunz WS, Elger CE, Muhle H, Stephani U, Møller RS, Hjalgrim H, Mullen S, Scheffer IE, Berkovic SF, Everett KV, Gardiner MR, Marini C, Guerrini R, Lehesjoki AE, Siren A, Nabbout R, Baulac S, Leguern E, Serratosa JM, Rosenow F, Feucht M, Unterberger I, Covanis A, Suls A, Weckhuysen S, Kaneva R, Caglayan H, Turkdogan D, Baykan B, Bebek N, Ozbek U, Hempelmann A, Schulz H, Rüschendorf F, Trucks H, Nürnberg P, Avanzini G, Koeleman BP, Sander T, EPICURE Consortium, COPPOLA, ANTONIETTA, DEL GIUDICE, ENNIO, Leu, C, de Kovel, Cg, Zara, F, Striano, P, Pezzella, M, Robbiano, A, Bianchi, A, Bisulli, F, Coppola, A, Giallonardo, At, Beccaria, F, Trenité, Dk, Lindhout, D, Gaus, V, Schmitz, B, Janz, D, Weber, Yg, Becker, F, Lerche, H, Kleefuss Lie, Aa, Hallman, K, Kunz, W, Elger, Ce, Muhle, H, Stephani, U, Møller, R, Hjalgrim, H, Mullen, S, Scheffer, Ie, Berkovic, Sf, Everett, Kv, Gardiner, Mr, Marini, C, Guerrini, R, Lehesjoki, Ae, Siren, A, Nabbout, R, Baulac, S, Leguern, E, Serratosa, Jm, Rosenow, F, Feucht, M, Unterberger, I, Covanis, A, Suls, A, Weckhuysen, S, Kaneva, R, Caglayan, H, Turkdogan, D, Baykan, B, Bebek, N, Ozbek, U, Hempelmann, A, Schulz, H, Rüschendorf, F, Trucks, H, Nürnberg, P, Avanzini, G, Koeleman, Bp, Sander, T, Epicure, Consortium, DEL GIUDICE, Ennio, and Coppola, Antonietta

Published
2012

23. Investigating the molecular basis of drought tolerance in Populus: The WATBIO Populus core experiment

Author

Wildhagen, H., Smith, H., Valdes-Fragoso, M., Douthe, C., David Cohen, Oliver Brendel, Didier Le Thiec, Janz, D., Pollastrini, S., Della Roca, G., Rüger, S., Centritto, M., Loreto, F., Flexas, J., Marie-Béatrice Bogeat-Triboulot, Taylor, G., Polle, A., Georg-August-University [Göttingen], University of Southampton, University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières [devient SILVA en 2018] (EEF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), and German Research Center for Environmental Health

Subjects
arbre, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], populus nigra, résistance à la sécheresse
Abstract

absent

Published
2013

25. Genome-wide association analysis of genetic generalized epilepsies implicates susceptibility loci at 1q43, 2p16.1,2q22.3 and 17q21.32

Author

Steffens, M., Leu, C., Ruppert, A., Zara, F., Striano, P., Robbiano, A., Capovilla, G., Tinuper, P., Gambardella, A., Bianchi, A., La neve, A., Crichiutti, G., de kovel, C. G., Trenité, D. K. -N., de haan, G., Lindhout, D., Gaus, V., Schmitz, B., Janz, D., Weber, Y. G., Becker, F., Lerche, H., Steinhoff, B. J., Kleefuß-Lie, A. A., Kunz, W. S., Surges, R., Elger, C. E., Muhle, H., Von spiczak, S., Ostertag, P., Helbig, I., Stephani, U., Møller, R. S., Hjalgrim, H., Dibbens, L. M., Bellows, S., Oliver, K., Mullen, S., Scheffer, I. E., Berkovic, S. F., Everett, K. V., Gardiner, M. R., Marini, Chiara, Guerrini, R., Lehesjoki, A., Siren, A., Guipponi, M., Malafosse, A., Thomas, P., Nabbout, R., Baulac, S., Leguern, E., Guerrero, R., Serratosa, J. M., Reif, P. S., Rosenow, F., Mörzinger, M., Feucht, M., Zimprich, F., Kapser, C., Schankin, C. J., Suls, A., Smets, K., De jonghe, P., Jordanova, A., Caglayan, H., Yapici, Z., Yalcin, D. A., Baykan, B., Bebek, N., Ozbek, U., Gieger, C., Wichmann, H., Balschun, T., Ellinghaus, D., Franke, A., Meesters, C., Becker, T., Wienker, T. F., Hempelmann, A., Schulz, H., Rüschendorf, F., Leber, M., Pauck, S. M., Trucks, H., Toliat, M. R., Nürnberg, P., Avanzini, G., Koeleman, B. P., Sander, T., Weckhuysen, S., Claes, L., Deprez, L., Van Dyck, T., Deconinck, T., De Jonghe, P., Velizarova, R., Dimova, P., Radionova, M., Tournev, I., Kancheva, D., Kaneva, R., Lehesjoki, A. -E., von Spiczak, S., Martin Klein, K., Oertel, W. H., Hamer, H. M., Marini, C., Mei, D., Norci, V., Pezzella, M., La Neve, A., Vigliano, P., Vanadia, F., Vignoli, A., Coppola, A., Striano, S., Egeo, G., Teresa Giallonardo, M., Franceschetti, S., Belcastro, V., Benna, P., Coppola, G., De Palo, A., Ferlazzo, E., Vecchi, M., Martinelli, V., Bisulli, F., Beccaria, F., Del Giudice, E., Mancardi, M., Stranci, G., Scabar, A., Gobbi, G., Giordano, I., de Haan, G. -J., Giraldez, B. G., Ozbeck, U., Ozdemir, O., Ugur, S., Kocasoy-Orhan, E., Yücesan, E., Cine, N., Gokyigit, A., Gurses, C., Gul, G., Ozkara, C., Yalcin, O., Turkdogan, D., Dizdarer, G., Agan, K., Steffens, Michael, Leu, Costin, Ruppert, Ann-Kathrin, Zara, Frederico, Dibbens, Leanne Michelle, Sander, Thomas, EPICURE Consortium, Epicure, Consortium, DEL GIUDICE, Ennio, Steffens, M, Leu, C, Ruppert, Ak, Zara, F, Striano, P, Robbiano, A., Coppola, Antonietta, E. P. I. C. U. R. E. Consortium, E. M. I.Net Consortium, M. Steffen, C. Leu, A. Ruppert, F. Zara, P. Striano, A. Robbiano, G. Capovilla, P. Tinuper, A. Gambardella, A. Bianchi, A. L. Neve, G. Crichiutti, C. G. F, D. K. Trenité, G. d. Haan, D. Lindhout, V. Gau, B. Schmitz, D. Janz, Y. G. Weber, F. Becker, H. Lerche, B. J. Steinhoff, A. A. Kleefuß-Lie, W. S. Kunz, R. Surge, C. E. Elger, H. Muhle, S. v. Spiczak, P. Ostertag, I. Helbig, U. Stephani, R. S. Møller, H. Hjalgrim, L. M. Dibben, S. Bellow, K. Oliver, S. Mullen, I. E. Scheffer, S. F. Berkovic, K. V. Everett, M. R. Gardiner, C. Marini, R. Guerrini, A. Lehesjoki, A. Siren, M. Guipponi, A. Malafosse, P. Thoma, R. Nabbout, S. Baulac, E. Leguern, R. Guerrero, J. M. Serratosa, P. S. Reif, F. Rosenow, M. Mörzinger, M. Feucht, F. Zimprich, C. Kapser, C. J. Schankin, A. Sul, K. Smet, P. D. Jonghe, A. Jordanova, H. Caglayan, Z. Yapici, D. A. Yalcin, B. Baykan, N. Bebek, U. Ozbek, C. Gieger, H. Wichmann, T. Balschun, D. Ellinghau, A. Franke, C. Meester, T. Becker, T. F. Wienker, A. Hempelmann, H. Schulz, F. Rüschendorf, M. Leber, S. M. Pauck, H. Truck, M. R. Toliat, P. Nürnberg, G. Avanzini, B. P. C, and T. Sander

Subjects
Candidate gene, Juvenile, Genome-wide association study, Alleles, Epilepsy, ZEB2 protein, human, VRK2 protein, human, 0302 clinical medicine, genetics [Genetic Predisposition to Disease], genetics, Humans, Myoclonic Epilepsy, genetics [Epilepsy, Generalized], SCN1A protein, human, Genetics (clinical), Genetics, 0303 health sciences, genetics [Epilepsy, Absence], Myoclonic Epilepsy, Juvenile, genetics, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, General Medicine, Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases, 3. Good health, Chemistry, Absence, genetics, Epilepsy, genetics [Myoclonic Epilepsy, Juvenile], Epilepsy, Generalized, genetics [Receptor, Muscarinic M3], genetics, NAV1.1 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel, genetics [Homeodomain Proteins], Single-nucleotide polymorphism, genetics [NAV1.1 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel], Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, Biology, genetics [Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases], 03 medical and health sciences, ddc:570, Genetic variation, medicine, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, genetics, Repressor Protein, Allele, Molecular Biology, Alleles, Zinc Finger E-box Binding Homeobox 2, 030304 developmental biology, Homeodomain Proteins, Receptor, Muscarinic M3, genetics, Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinase, genetics, Receptor, Generalized, genetics, Genome-Wide Association Study, Homeodomain Protein, Heritability, medicine.disease, NAV1.1 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel, Repressor Proteins, genetics [Repressor Proteins], Muscarinic M3, Epilepsy, Absence, Myoclonic epilepsy, Human medicine, Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

Genetic generalized epilepsies (GGEs) have a lifetime prevalence of 0.3\% and account for 20-30\% of all epilepsies. Despite their high heritability of 80\%, the genetic factors predisposing to GGEs remain elusive. To identify susceptibility variants shared across common GGE syndromes, we carried out a two-stage genome-wide association study (GWAS) including 3020 patients with GGEs and 3954 controls of European ancestry. To dissect out syndrome-related variants, we also explored two distinct GGE subgroups comprising 1434 patients with genetic absence epilepsies (GAEs) and 1134 patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME). Joint Stage-1 and 2 analyses revealed genome-wide significant associations for GGEs at 2p16.1 (rs13026414, P(meta) = 2.5 × 10(-9), OR[T] = 0.81) and 17q21.32 (rs72823592, P(meta) = 9.3 × 10(-9), OR[A] = 0.77). The search for syndrome-related susceptibility alleles identified significant associations for GAEs at 2q22.3 (rs10496964, P(meta) = 9.1 × 10(-9), OR[T] = 0.68) and at 1q43 for JME (rs12059546, P(meta) = 4.1 × 10(-8), OR[G] = 1.42). Suggestive evidence for an association with GGEs was found in the region 2q24.3 (rs11890028, P(meta) = 4.0 × 10(-6)) nearby the SCN1A gene, which is currently the gene with the largest number of known epilepsy-related mutations. The associated regions harbor high-ranking candidate genes: CHRM3 at 1q43, VRK2 at 2p16.1, ZEB2 at 2q22.3, SCN1A at 2q24.3 and PNPO at 17q21.32. Further replication efforts are necessary to elucidate whether these positional candidate genes contribute to the heritability of the common GGE syndromes.

Published
2012
Full Text
View/download PDF

26. Familial and sporadic 15q13.3 microdeletions in idiopathic generalized epilepsy: precedent for disorders with complex inheritance

Author

Dibbens, Lm, Mullen, S, Helbig, I, Mefford, Hc, Bayly, Ma, Bellows, S, Leu, C, Trucks, H, Obermeier, T, Wittig, M, Franke, A, Caglayan, H, Yapici, Z, Sander, T, Eichler, Ee, Scheffer, Ie, Mulley, Jc, Berkovic, Sf, De Jonghe, P, Suls, A, Hjalgrim, H, Madsen, Jm, Møller, Rs, Lehesjoki, Ae, Siren, A, Gaus, V, Janz, D, Schmitz, B, Elger, Ce, Hallmann, K, Kleefuß-Lie, Aa, Kunz, Ws, Raabe, A, Muhle, H, Ostertag, P, von Spiczak, S, Stephani, U, Lerche, H, Weber, Yg, Striano, P, Zara, F, Marini, C, Brilstra, Eh, Kastelijn-Nolst, Trenité, Koeleman, D, Bpc, de Kovel, Cgf, Lindhout, D, Swinkels, Mem, Yalcin, O, Baykan, B, Turkdogan, D, Dizdarer, G, Ozkara, C, Lee, Y, Müller-Quernheim, J, Fölster-Holst, R, Hofmann, S, Nebel, A., Schreiber, S, Schürmann, M, Rodriguez, E, Weidinger, S, Baurecht, H, Lie, Ba, Boberg, Km, Karlsen, Th., De Jonghe, Peter, Suls, Arvid, Dibbens, Leanne M, Mullen, Saul, Helbig, Ingo, Mefford, Heather C, Bayly, Marta A, Bellows, Susannah, Leu, Costin, Trucks, Holger, Obermeier, Tanja, Wittig, Michael, Franke, Andre, Caglayan, Hande, Yapici, Zuhal, Sander, Thomas, Eichler, Evan E, Scheffer, Ingrid E, Mulley, John C, and Berkovic, Samuel F

Subjects
Male, Proband, Clinical Sciences, idiopathic generalized epilepsy, European Continental Ancestry Group, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Pedigree chart, family studies, Biology, White People, Cohort Studies, Idiopathic generalized epilepsy, Epilepsy, single nucleotide polymorphism, genetic inheritance, Genetics, medicine, inheritance, Humans, SNP, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Molecular Biology, Genetics (clinical), seizures, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15, Articles, General Medicine, 5q13.3 deletions, medicine.disease, Penetrance, Pedigree, Female, Human medicine, microdeletion, Chromosome Deletion, Comparative genomic hybridization
Abstract

Microdeletion at chromosomal position 15q13.3 has been described in intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorders, schizophrenia and recently in idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE). Using independent IGE cohorts, we first aimed to confirm the association of 15q13.3 deletions and IGE. We then set out to determine the relative occurrence of sporadic and familial cases and to examine the likelihood of having seizures for individuals with the microdeletion in familial cases. The 15q13.3 microdeletion was identified in 7 of 539 (1.3%) unrelated cases of IGE using quantitative PCR or SNP arrays and confirmed by array comparative genomic hybridization analysis using probes specific to the 15q13.3 region. The inheritance of this lesion was tracked using family studies. Of the seven microdeletions identified in probands, three were de novo, two were transmitted from an unaffected parent and in two cases the parents were unavailable. Non-penetrance of the microdeletion was identified in 4/7 pedigrees and three pedigrees included other family members with IGE who lacked the 15q13.3 deletion. The odds ratio is 68 (95% confidence interval 29-181), indicating a pathogenic lesion predisposing to epilepsy with complex inheritance and incomplete penetrance for the IGE component of the phenotype in multiplex families. Refereed/Peer-reviewed

Published
2009
Full Text
View/download PDF

27. Methodenmix ermöglicht geringere Betriebskosten

Author

Janz, D. and Publica

Subjects
Life Cycle Management (LCM), Lebenszyklus, Herstellkosten, QFD - Quality Function Deployment
Abstract

Geht es ums Optimieren und Senken von Kosten bei langlebigen Investitionsgütern wie Schienenfahrzeugen, spielen die Phasen des Fahrzeugbetriebs und -unterhalts eine bedeutende Rolle, da hier über die Zeit kumuliert die meisten Kosten anfallen.

Published
2006

28. No evidence for a susceptibility locus for idiopathic generalized epilepsy on chromosome 18q21.1

Author

Sander, T., Windemuth, C., Schultz, H., Saar, K., Gennaro, E., Bianchi, A., Zara, F., Bulteau, C., Kaminska, A., Ville, D., Cieuta, C., Prud'homme, J.F., Dulac, O., Bate, L., Gardiner, R.M., Haan, G.J., Janssen, G.A.M.A.J., Witte, J., Halley, D.J.J., Lindhout, D., Wienker, T.F., Janz, D., and The European Consortium on the Genetics of Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy: participating clinicians: Kjeldsen M.J., Friis M.L.

Published
2002

30. Design for environment by target life cycle costing.

Author

Brissaud, Daniel, Tichkiewitch, Serge, Zwolinski, Peggy, Janz, D., Hornberger, M., and Westkämper, E.

Abstract

Although many methodologies and tools have been developed to design environmentally friendly products, life cycle cost aspects have barely been included and likewise there has been no significant discussion on how to effectively combine different tools. There are specific tools supporting environmentally friendly design such as LCA (Life Cycle Assessment), and tools supporting cost optimisation such as Target Costing and Life Cycle Costing. A combination of these tools is necessary to minimise costs along the whole product life cycle while simultaneously fulfilling environmental requirements. The Target Life Cycle Costing (TLCC) method was developed by the Fraunhofer IPA, concentrating on Design for Environment and on optimising product functionalities by decreasing environmental costs. This paper analyses how designers can optimise costs and conduct product redesign by Target Life Cycle Costing, providing case studies on two products: a medical appliance and a washing machine. The analysis shows that implementing TLCC facilitates cost reduction by product redesign considering functional roles of product components from both an environmental and an economic point of view. This type of combination supports designers effectively, whereas a single tool could not achieve the same results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2006
Full Text
View/download PDF

32. Hair cortisol concentration as a noninvasive measure of long-term stress in free-ranging grizzly bears (Ursus arctos): considerations with implications for other wildlife.

Author

Macbeth, B. J., Cattet, M. R. L., Stenhouse, G. B., Gibeau, M. L., and Janz, D. M.

Subjects
LANDSCAPE changes, ANIMAL populations, ANIMAL species, BROWN bear, PHYSIOLOGICAL stress
Abstract

Human-caused landscape change negatively affects the sustainability of many wildlife populations. In Alberta, Canada, grizzly bears (Ursus arctos L., 1758) live in one of the most populated and heavily exploited landscapes in which the species survives. Long-term physiological stress in individual animals may be the predominant mechanism linking landscape change with impaired wildlife population health. Hair cortisol concentration has been validated as a biomarker of long-term stress in humans and domestic animals; however, limited work has examined factors that may affect its measurement or interpretation. We have measured cortisol in as few as five guard hairs of a grizzly bear and have identified factors influencing hair cortisol concentration in this species. Hair cortisol varies with hair type, body region, and capture method. It is not influenced by colour, age, sex, environmental exposure (18 days), or prolonged laboratory storage (>1 year) and does not vary along the length of the hair shaft. Recommendations for prudent use of hair cortisol analysis in grizzly bears are discussed with implications for the development of hair cortisol concentration as a tool to monitor long-term stress in other wildlife. Les modifications anthropiques du paysage affectent négativement la durabilité de plusieurs populations de la faune sauvage. En Alberta, Canada, les ours grizzlis (Ursus arctos L., 1758) habitent l'un des paysages les plus densément peuplés et fortement exploités dans lesquels l'espèce arrive à survivre. Le stress physiologique à long terme chez les animaux individuels est vraisemblablement le mécanisme qui relie les modifications du paysage à la détérioration de la santé de la population de faune sauvage. La concentration de cortisol dans le poil constitue un biomarqueur éprouvé du stress à long terme chez les humains et les animaux domestiques; cependant, peu de travaux ont examiné les facteurs qui peuvent en affecter la mesure ou l'interprétation. Nous avons dosé le cortisol dans aussi peu que cinq poils de garde de grizzlis et identifié les facteurs qui contrôlent la concentration de cortisol dans le poil chez cette espèce. Le cortisol dans le poil varie en fonction du type de poil, de la région du corps et de la méthode de capture. Il n'est pas influencé par la couleur, l'âge, le sexe, l'exposition au milieu (18 jours), ni l'entreposage en laboratoire (>1 an); il ne varie pas le long de la tige du poil. Nous commentons nos recommandations pour un usage prudent de l'analyse du cortisol des poils chez les grizzlis et discutons des conséquences sur l'utilisation plus étendue du cortisol des poils comme outil pour suivre le stress de longue durée chez d'autres animaux sauvages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2010
Full Text
View/download PDF

36. The temporal sequence of aura-sensations in patients with complex focal seizures with particular attention to ictal aphasia.

Author

Kanemoto, K and Janz, D

Abstract

The sequences of aura sensations in 143 patients with complex partial seizures, were analysed with special emphasis on aphasic symptoms. Anxiety, epigastric sensation and visual hallucination were experienced early in the course of the aura, while illusion of familiarity and aphasia occurred late in the course of the aura. Three groups of interconnections of aura sensations were found which corresponded possibly to the types of seizure constellations proposed by Weiser. Close interconnections between impairment of verbal comprehension during seizures and paroxysmal thought disorder, as well as between paroxysmal paraphasia and illusion of familiarity were noted. Paroxysmal aphasia in patients with complex partial seizures was characterised as a positive symptom in contrast to stable aphasia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1989

37. Change of seizure frequency in pregnant epileptic women.

Author

Schmidt, D, Canger, R, Avanzini, G, Battino, D, Cusi, C, Beck-Mannagetta, G, Koch, S, Rating, D, and Janz, D

Abstract

The effect of pregnancy on seizure frequency was monitored prospectively in 136 pregnancies of 122 epileptic women. Pregnancy did not influence the seizure frequency in 68 pregnancies (50%). In 50 pregnancies (37%) the number of seizures increased during pregnancy or puerperium. The seizure frequency decreased in 18 pregnancies (13%). In 34 out of 50 pregnancies (68%) the increase was associated with non-compliance with the drug regimen or sleep deprivation. In seven out of 18 pregnancies (39%) improvement was related to correction of non-compliance or sleep deprivation during the pregestational nine months. Insufficiently low plasma concentrations of antiepileptic drugs were found in 47% of the women with uncontrolled epilepsy during pregnancy. The course of epilepsy during pregnancy is primarily influenced by non-compliance, sleep deprivation during pregnancy, and inadequate therapy before and during pregnancy. With good medical attention pregnancy itself seems to have only a minimal influence on the course of epilepsy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1983

46. Effects of embryonic and adult exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin on hepatic microsomal testosterone hydroxylase activities in great blue herons (Ardea herodias)

Author

Giesy, J. P., Janz, D. M., Bellward, G. D., and Sanderson, J. T.

Subjects
*ORNITHOLOGY, *TOXICOLOGY
Abstract

In a continuing effort to evaluate biomarkers of exposure of great blue herons (Ardea herodias) to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and related halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons, we examined the effect of TCDD on hepatic microsomal testosterone hydroxylase activities. Heron embryos were exposed in ovo to 2 mu g TCDD/kg egg (or corn oil vehicle) and sacrificed at hatch or 7 d posthatch. Adult herons were exposed intraperitoneally to 20 mu g TCDD/kg and sacrificed 2 weeks later. The sex of the birds was known for the adults only. Hepaticmicrosomes of herons of each age group were able to hydroxylate testosterone at the 2beta, 6beta, l5alpha, 16alpha, or 16beta positions. In 7-d-old chicks, an additional unidentified compound was formed. The age of the untreated herons had a strong influence on the activities of the five hydroxylases, with changes of up to 17-fold. The TCDD significantly (p < 0.05) induced 2beta-, 6beta-, and 15alpha-testosterone hydroxylase activities in the adult females, 15alpha- in the adult males, and 6beta-testosterone hydroxylase activity in the hatchlings. In the 7-d-old chicks, induction was no longer apparent. A significant correlation existed between hepatic microsomal ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) and 6beta-testosterone hydroxylase activity in hatchlings (r = 0.91; n = 12) and adult female herons (r = 1.0; n = 4). The TCDD-induced changes in testosterone hydroxylase activities occurred at doses that resulted in tissue concentrations and levels of EROD induction that were environmentally relevant, but did not result inovert toxicities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1997

47. Effects of acute 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin exposure on plasma thyroid and sex steroid hormone concentrations and estrogen receptor levels in adult great blue herons

Author

Bellward, G. D. and Janz, D. M.

Abstract

Adult great blue herons (Ardea herodias) were exposed intraperitoneally to a single dose of 20 mu g/kg body weight of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and sacrificed after 14 d. Approximately 1.9%of the total TCDD dose was measured in the liver. No differences were found in liver weight or liver to body weight ratio between controland TCDD-treated birds. Hepatic microsomal ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) activity was induced sixfold above control activities in TCDD-exposed herons (p< 0.001). Plasma total T4 concentration was significantly elevated in TCDD-exposed herons (p< 0.05). The TCDD treatment had no effect on plasma total T3 levels, or on the plasma T3 to T4 ratio. No effect of thisTCDD exposure was found on plasma 17beta-estradiol or testosterone concentrations, or on hepatic estrogen receptor affinities and concentrations in male or female herons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1997

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results