32 results on '"J.J. Martin"'
Search Results
2. Dynamic analysis of muscles and the internal structure of the peripheral nerve as biomarkers of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A pilot study with ultrasound imaging
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C. López-Navarro, M. Serrano-Valero, E.M. Fages-Caravaca, J.J. Martínez-Payá, M.E. del Baño-Aledo, and J. Ríos-Díaz
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Esclerosis lateral amiotrófica ,Enfermedades neuromusculares ,Biomarcadores ,Ultrasonografía ,Músculo esquelético ,Nervios periféricos ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the behaviour of ultrasound biomarkers of fascicle density and muscle strength in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Methods: We conducted an observational, cross-sectional pilot study of 14 patients with ALS (28.6% women) and 14 controls. Bilateral cross-sectional ultrasound scans were performed in the abductor pollicis brevis (APB) and tibialis anterior (TA) muscles, with recording of muscle thickness (MT) at rest and in contraction, and the difference in thickness. In the median, sciatic, and common peroneal nerves, we analysed the cross-sectional area (CSA), number of fascicles (NF) and fascicle density (FD). Analyses were nested by laterality. Results: Intra- and interrater agreement regarding NF was very good, with a minimum detectable error of
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- 2024
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3. Evaluation of the diuretic activity of the ethanolic extract of Geranium seemannii Peyr. in Wistar rats
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Montejano-Rodríguez, José Ramón, Almaguer-Vargas, Georgina, Gayosso-De-Lucio, Juan Antonio, Ocharan Hernández, María Esther, Moreno Martínez, Reyna Erika, Hernández Caballero, Marta Elena, Torres-Valencia, J.J. Martín, and Sierra Ramírez, José Alfredo
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- 2013
- Full Text
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4. Photodissociation of S2 (X3Σg–, a1Δg, and b1Σg+) in the 320–205 nm Region
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Zahid Farooq, Patrick J.J. Martin, Colin M. Western, David H. Parker, and Zhong-Fa Sun
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010304 chemical physics ,Chemistry ,Photodissociation ,Ab initio ,010402 general chemistry ,7. Clean energy ,01 natural sciences ,Quantum chemistry ,Molecular physics ,Potential energy ,Spectral line ,Article ,0104 chemical sciences ,Photoexcitation ,TheoryofComputation_ANALYSISOFALGORITHMSANDPROBLEMCOMPLEXITY ,Excited state ,0103 physical sciences ,Molecule ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry - Abstract
Photodissociation of vibrationally and electronically excited sulfur dimer molecules (S2) has been studied in a combined experimental and computational quantum chemistry study in order to characterize bound-continuum transitions. Ab initio quantum chemistry calculations are carried out to predict the potential energy curves, spin-orbit coupling, transition moments, and bound-continuum spectra of S2 for comparison with the experimental data. The experiment uses velocity map imaging to measure S-atom production following S2 photoexcitation in the ultraviolet region (320-205 nm). A pulsed electric discharge in H2S produces ground-state S2 X3ςg -(v = 0-15) as well as electronically excited singlet sulfur and b1ςg +(v = 0, 1), and evidence is presented for the production and photodissociation of S2 a1Δg. In a previous paper, we reported threshold photodissociation of S2X3ςg -(v = 0) in the 282-266 nm region. In the present study, S(3PJ) fine structure branching and angular distributions for photodissociation of S2 (X3ςg -(v = 0), a1Δg and b1ςg +) via the B″3IIu, B3ςu - and 11IIu excited states are reported. In addition, photodissociation of the X3ςg -(v = 0) state of S2 to the second dissociation limit producing S(3P2) + S(1D) is characterized. The present results on S2 photodynamics are compared to those of the well-studied electronically isovalent O2 molecule.
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- 2019
5. Father Sweet
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J.J. Martin and J.J. Martin
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- Priests--Fiction, Child sexual abuse by clergy--Fiction
- Abstract
A shocking tale of secrets, guilt, and clerical child abuse. “God has made you special, but I will show you how to have an extraordinary life. Show you true love, as God intended for our kind.” It's 1978. Blackburn Hamlet is a typical suburban village in eastern Ontario. In this vibrant Catholic community, life revolves around family and church. Then the safe comfort of both is destroyed by the arrival of a predator priest.When charismatic Father Sweet invites his new favourite altar boy on a camping trip, the boy's parents insist he go. Trapped in the woods, the boy struggles to evade the priest's sexual advances. But Father Sweet forces him to make an impossible choice.Twenty-five years later, he is lost, broken, and angry. His father's death reveals secrets that spur the man to relive his own past. Desiring justice, in need of healing, he discovers, in a daring rescue mission, a way to achieve both.
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- 2019
6. A systematic literature review and network meta-analysis of treatments for patients with untreated multiple myeloma not eligible for stem cell transplantation
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Weisel, K. Doyen, C. Dimopoulos, M. Yee, A. Lahuerta, J.J. Martin, A. Travers, K. Druyts, E. Toor, K. Abildgaard, N. Lu, J. Van Droogenbroeck, J. Geraldes, C. Petrini, M. Voillat, L. Voog, E. Facon, T.
- Abstract
In newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM), patients ineligible for front-line autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT), melphalan and prednisone (MP) with thalidomide (MPT) or bortezomib (VMP) are standard first-line therapeutic options. Despite new treatment regimens incorporating bortezomib or lenalidomide, MM remains incurable. The FIRST study demonstrated significant improvement in progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) for the combination of lenalidomide and low-dose dexamethasone (Rd) until progression vs. MPT in transplant-ineligible ndMM patients. However, to date no head-to-head randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have compared Rd or MPT versus VMP. We conducted a network meta-analysis using RCTs identified through a systematic literature review to evaluate the relative efficacy of Rd versus other regimens on survival endpoints in previously untreated MM patients ineligible for ASCT. In this analysis, Rd was associated with a significant PFS and survival advantage versus other first-line treatments (VMP, MPT, MP), challenging the role of alkylators in this setting. © 2016 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
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- 2017
7. Milan
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J.j., Martin
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Travel, recreation and leisure - Abstract
MILAN Milan is more than Italy's business capital or transit hub, an industry town living in the shadows of the more camera-ready Florence, Venice, and Rome. No one knows this [...]
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- 2015
8. Differential features of carotid and vertebral artery dissections: the CADISP study
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Stefan T. Engelter, Manja Kloss, Didier Leys, Emmanuel Touzé, E. Del Zotto, S. Canaple, Sherine Abboud, Jean Dallongeville, Giacomo Giacalone, Maurice Giroud, J.J. Martin, Philippe Lyrer, Tiina M. Metso, Yves Samson, Alessandro Pezzini, Turgut Tatlisumak, Caspar Grond-Ginsbach, Valeria Caso, Antti J. Metso, Stéphanie Debette, Tobias Brandt, and Marie Bodenant
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Cervical Artery ,Vertebral artery ,Vertebral artery dissection ,ICAD ,Carotid Artery, Internal, Dissection ,Sex Factors ,Modified Rankin Scale ,medicine.artery ,medicine ,Humans ,Prospective Studies ,cardiovascular diseases ,Risk factor ,Retrospective Studies ,Vertebral Artery Dissection ,Internal carotid artery dissection ,business.industry ,Age Factors ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,Dissection ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,business ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
Objective: To examine whether risk factor profile, baseline features, and outcome of cervical artery dissection (CEAD) differ according to the dissection site. Methods: We analyzed 982 consecutive patients with CEAD included in the Cervical Artery Dissection and Ischemic Stroke Patients observational study (n = 619 with internal carotid artery dissection [ICAD], n = 327 with vertebral artery dissection [VAD], n = 36 with ICAD and VAD). Results: Patients with ICAD were older ( p p = 0.006), more frequently had a recent infection (odds ratio [OR] = 1.59 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.09–2.31]), and tended to report less often a minor neck trauma in the previous month (OR = 0.75 [0.56–1.007]) compared to patients with VAD. Clinically, patients with ICAD more often presented with headache at admission (OR = 1.36 [1.01–1.84]) but less frequently complained of cervical pain (OR = 0.36 [0.27–0.48]) or had cerebral ischemia (OR = 0.32 [0.21–0.49]) than patients with VAD. Among patients with CEAD who sustained an ischemic stroke, the NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score at admission was higher in patients with ICAD than patients with VAD (OR = 1.17 [1.12–1.22]). Aneurysmal dilatation was more common (OR = 1.80 [1.13–2.87]) and bilateral dissection less frequent (OR = 0.63 [0.42–0.95]) in patients with ICAD. Multiple concomitant dissections tended to cluster on the same artery type rather than involving both a vertebral and carotid artery. Patients with ICAD had a less favorable 3-month functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale score >2, OR = 3.99 [2.32–6.88]), but this was no longer significant after adjusting for baseline NIHSS score. Conclusion: In the largest published series of patients with CEAD, we observed significant differences between VAD and ICAD in terms of risk factors, baseline features, and functional outcome.
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- 2011
9. Crisis Intervention Team of Avilés. Results after three years
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A.M. González Álvarez, E. Lago Machado, L. Pérez Gómez, E. Lanza Quintana, and J.J. Martínez Jambrina
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crisis intervention team Aviles ,Psychiatry ,RC435-571 - Abstract
Introduction This Crisis Intervention Team was born in October 2018 with the aim of intensifying the treatment of people in psychiatric crisis situation. Objectives Provide an intensive and early assessment and approach in a timely manner. It also provides home care if necessary. Methods The team intensively performs scheduled visits, emergencys, telephone interventions and home care. It is in constant coordination with other structures of the mental health and socio-health network. Results A total of 83 patients have been included in our team since its inception. The youngest was 17 years old and the oldest 83 years old (exceptional case in evaluation). The mean age was 45.6 years. 67.4% were female (56 women) and 32.5% male (27 men). The delay in care did not exceed 48 hours. 200 patients were evaluated into suicide protocol, with ages ranging from 15 to 85 years, with a mean age of 45.4 years. The delay in care does not exceed 10 days. Conclusions This is a team that offers a rapid response, dedicates the necessary time for a correct evaluation of the risk, of the evolution and tries to establish a therapeutic alliance in record time. It is able to tolerate a certain degree of uncertainty, manage and tolerate the level of risk. He stands out for being flexible and dynamic in order to be able to adapt to the patients and theirs circumstances. This requires empathy, closeness and commitment. Disclosure No significant relationships.
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- 2022
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10. Infantile presentation of the mitochondrial A8344G mutation
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J.J. Martin, F. Pierart, Sara Seneca, Emmanuel Scalais, O. Battisti, R. Van Coster, Willy Lissens, Christian Nuttin, B. De Paepe, René Stevens, L. De Meirleir, Joél Smet, Department of Embryology and Genetics, and Pediatrics
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Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,abnormal breathing pattern ,systemic hypertension ,Oxidative phosphorylation ,Bioinformatics ,Leigh syndrome ,MERRF ,Neurology ,Mutation (genetic algorithm) ,medicine ,Neurology (clinical) ,Presentation (obstetrics) ,business ,brainstem lesions - Abstract
no abstract
- Published
- 2007
11. Recessive **POLG** mutations presenting with ataxic neuropathy in compound heterozygote patients with progressive external ophthalmoplegia
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P. Tack, M. Van Zandijcke, C. Van Broeckhoven, Ann Löfgren, J.J. Martin, Bart Dermaut, M Moonen, I. Dehaene, Chantal Ceuterick, P. De Jonghe, A Wibail, D. Ververken, and G. Van Goethem
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Adult ,Male ,Heterozygote ,Ophthalmoplegia, Chronic Progressive External ,Adolescent ,Mitochondrial disease ,Population ,Molecular Sequence Data ,Mutation, Missense ,Genes, Recessive ,DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase ,Compound heterozygosity ,Arginine ,Ophthalmoparesis ,Kearns–Sayre syndrome ,Electron Transport Complex IV ,otorhinolaryngologic diseases ,Missense mutation ,Medicine ,Humans ,education ,Muscle, Skeletal ,Genetics (clinical) ,Aged ,Genetics ,education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,External ophthalmoplegia ,Multiple mitochondrial DNA deletions ,Tryptophan ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,eye diseases ,DNA Polymerase gamma ,Pedigree ,Succinate Dehydrogenase ,Microscopy, Electron ,Neurology ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Ataxia ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
Autosomal recessive progressive external ophthalmoplegia is a mitochondrial disease characterized by accumulation of multiple large-scale deletions of mitochondrial DNA. We previously reported missense mutations in POLG, the gene encoding the mitochondrial DNA polymerase gamma in two nuclear families compatible with autosomal recessive progressive external ophthalmoplegia. Here, we report a novel POLG missense mutation (R627W) in a sporadic patient and we provide genetic support that all these POLG mutations are actually causal and recessive. The novel patient presented with sensory ataxic neuropathy and has the clinical triad of sensory ataxic neuropathy, dysarthria and ophthalmoparesis (SANDO). This is the first finding of a genetic cause of Sensory Ataxic Neuropathy, Dysarthria and Ophthalmoparesis and it implies that this disorder may actually be a variant of autosomal recessive progressive external ophthalmoplegia. Sensory neuropathy is the initial feature in Belgian compound heterozygote autosomal recessive progressive external ophthalmoplegia patients, all carrying the POLG A467T mutation, which occurs at a frequency of 0.6% in the Belgian population.
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- 2003
12. A prospective study of CSF markers in 250 patients with possible Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
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J Boons, B Van Everbroeck, Patrick Cras, S Quoilin, and J.J. Martin
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Paper ,Adult ,Male ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase ,animal diseases ,Tau protein ,tau Proteins ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome ,Central nervous system disease ,Degenerative disease ,Cerebrospinal fluid ,Predictive Value of Tests ,mental disorders ,medicine ,Humans ,Dementia ,Aged ,Amyloid beta-Peptides ,biology ,business.industry ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,nervous system diseases ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,14-3-3 Proteins ,Predictive value of tests ,Disease Progression ,biology.protein ,Female ,Surgery ,Neurology (clinical) ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Myoclonus ,Biomarkers - Abstract
To investigate various cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) markers that could assist in the clinical diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD).CSF samples were analysed for the presence of 14-3-3 protein, microtubule associated protein tau, and beta amyloid in 250 patients with possible CJD. Densitometric analysis was used to quantify the level of 14-3-3 in all patients.Analysis of the clinical data showed that cerebellar signs or myoclonus combined with progressive dementia were the main features leading to a clinical suspicion of CJD. While 14-3-3 detection had a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 92%, tau determination using a threshold of 1300 pg/ml had a sensitivity of 87% and a specificity of 97%. If the protocol for the analysis of 14-3-3 was modified (using densitometric analysis) a higher specificity (97%) could be obtained, but with a lower sensitivity (96%). Maximum sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value were obtained with a combination of 14-3-3 and beta amyloid determinations. The concentrations of 14-3-3 and tau in the CSF were reduced in CJD patients with a long duration of disease (more than one year; p0.05). The concentrations of 14-3-3 or tau were lowest at the onset or at the end stage of the disease, while the beta amyloid concentration remained low throughout the course of the disease.Both 14-3-3 and tau protein are sensitive and specific biomarkers for CJD. The combination of 14-3-3 and beta amyloid analysis resulted in the maximum sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value. When these biomarkers are used in the diagnosis of CJD, the phase of the disease in which the CSF sample was obtained should be taken into account. Disease duration, dependent on the PrP genotype, also has a significant influence on the level of 14-3-3 and tau in the CSF.
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- 2003
13. Characterization of the ecophysiological responses of three pomegranate cultivars to salinity
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A. OLMO, F. GARCIA-SANCHEZ, I. SIMON, V. LIDON, M. ALFOSEA-SIMON, J.M. CAMARA-ZAPATA, J.J. MARTINEZ-NICOLAS, and S. SIMON-GRAO
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chloride toxicity ,fruit tree ,oxidative stress ,photosynthesis ,sodium toxicity ,water stress. ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
In order to understand photosynthetic responses of pomegranate plants (Punica granatum L.) to salinity, an experiment was conducted with three varieties, 'Mollar de Elche', 'Valenciana', and 'Wonderful', irrigated with seven salt concentrations (0, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, and 140 mM NaCl). At the end of the experiment, parameters of gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, water relations, and sugar and chloride concentrations were measured in leaves. As the concentration of NaCl increased, the concentration of Cl- in leaves was elevated, and the CO2 assimilation rate, stomatal conductance, variable fluorescence/maximum fluorescence ratio, PSII quantum yield, and total soluble sugars decreased. In 'Valenciana', the decrease of the net assimilation of CO2 could occur due to the closure of stomata, while in 'Mollar' and 'Wonderful', this was due to damage caused by Cl- toxicity. The study of carbohydrates also suggests a different behavior of carbon metabolism in the three varieties.
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- 2019
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14. Detection of beta-A4 amyloid and its precursor protein in the muscle of a patient with juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (Spielmeyer-Vogt-Sjogren)
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Antonio Federico, Carlo Casali, Alessandro Malandrini, Chantal Ceuterick, M.T. Dotti, F.M. Santorelli, J.J. Martin, U. Lübke, N. De Stefano, Gianni Guazzi, and Marcello Villanova
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Adult ,Male ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Biopsy ,Immunocytochemistry ,Muscle Fibers, Skeletal ,amyloid precursor protein ,juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis ,Fluorescence ,beta-A4 amyloid, amyloid precursor protein, juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis ,Pathology and Forensic Medicine ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor ,Macular Degeneration ,Neuronal Ceroid-Lipofuscinoses ,Seizures ,Intellectual Disability ,mental disorders ,medicine ,Amyloid precursor protein ,Humans ,Lymphocytes ,Skin ,Muscle biopsy ,Amyloid beta-Peptides ,biology ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Muscles ,Autophagy ,Acid phosphatase ,beta-A4 amyloid ,medicine.disease ,Immunohistochemistry ,Vacuoles ,biology.protein ,Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis ,Neurology (clinical) - Abstract
Muscle biopsy tissue from a patient affected by the juvenile form of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL) was studied immunohistochemically using antibodies to beta-amyloid peptide and amyloid precursor protein. Positive reaction in muscle was specifically localized to autophagic vacuoles and blood vessel walls. Increased acid phosphatase reaction suggested enhanced lysosomal activity. We hypothesize that beta-amyloid is deposited in NCL muscle by a lysosomal mechanism similar to that proposed in other disorders involving beta-amyloid.
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- 1999
15. Molecular diagnostic testing in Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease and related disorders: approaches and results
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Eva Nelis, J.J. Martin, Vincent Timmerman, C. Van Broeckhoven, Ann Löfgren, and P. De Jonghe
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Male ,Genetics ,Heterogeneous group ,Molecular Diagnostic Testing ,General Neuroscience ,Peripheral myelin ,Guidelines as Topic ,Biology ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Tooth disease ,Gene Frequency ,History and Philosophy of Science ,Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease ,Mutation ,Mutation screening ,Humans ,Female ,Genetic Testing ,Dna diagnosis ,Genetic diagnosis ,Gene - Abstract
The inherited neuropathies of the peripheral nervous system are clinically and genetically a heterogeneous group of disorders. Molecular genetic studies have made major breakthroughs in unraveling the underlying gene defects, and DNA diagnosis can now be offered to a large number of families with distinct forms of hereditary peripheral neuropathies. With the currently available technology, however, molecular genetic diagnosis still remains a labor-intensive and costly procedure. We have developed an algorithm for mutation screening based on clinical phenotype, electrophysiological findings, and the relative frequencies of mutations in the distinct peripheral myelin genes.
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- 1999
16. Solubility of sickle hemoglobin measured by a kinetic micromethod
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Dan Liao, Frank A. Ferrone, J.M. Manning, J.J. Martin de Llano, and J.P. Himanen
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Kinetics ,Hemoglobin, Sickle ,Biophysics ,Analytical chemistry ,Activation energy ,Heme ,Reaction rate constant ,Leucine ,Molecule ,Humans ,Point Mutation ,Centrifugation ,Solubility ,Alanine ,Photolysis ,Chemistry ,Microchemistry ,Photodissociation ,Hemoglobin A ,Polymerization ,Carboxyhemoglobin ,Models, Chemical ,Thermodynamics ,Research Article - Abstract
We have developed a photolytic method to determine the concentration of reactive hemes in a solution in the presence of a trace amount of CO. By measurement of the bimolecular rate of CO binding, and by calibration of the rate constant under equivalent conditions, the concentration of the reactive hemes can be determined. In a solution of sickle hemoglobin, the molecules in the gel contribute negligibly to the recombination rate, allowing the concentration of the molecules in the solution phase to be determined. To optimize signal to noise, modulated excitation methods were employed, although the method could also be used with pulse techniques and suitable signal averaging. Because the optical method employs a microspectrophotometer, only a few microliters of concentrated Hb solution is required to reproduce the entire temperature dependence of the solubility previously determined by centrifugation using milliliter quantities of solutions of the same concentration. This should be especially useful for studies of site-directed mutants, and we present results obtained on one such HbS in which Leu 88 beta has been replaced by Ala. The free energy difference in the polymerization of the Leu 88 beta double mutant is consistent with known differences in the amino acid hydrophobicities. The calibration required for these experiments also provides an excellent determination of the activation energy for binding the first CO to deoxy Hb.
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- 1996
17. β-amyloid precursor protein and early-onset Alzheimer's disease
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Jonghe CDXs, L. Hendriks, Patrick Cras, J.J. Martin, and Christine Van Broeckhoven
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biology ,Amyloidosis ,BACE1-AS ,P3 peptide ,medicine.disease ,Molecular biology ,Biochemistry of Alzheimer's disease ,mental disorders ,Amyloid precursor protein ,biology.protein ,medicine ,Early-onset Alzheimer's disease ,Human medicine ,Alzheimer's disease ,Amyloid precursor protein secretase - Abstract
One of the major pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease is the deposition in the brain parenchyma and cerebral blood vessel walls of amyloid beta-protein, a 4 kDa proteolytic product of the longer beta-amyloid precursor protein (APP). Six different single base mutations in the APP gene have been reported causing early-onset Alzheimer's disease (age at onset less than or equal to 65 years) or related amyloidosis in a small number of families. Cell transfection experiments using wild-type and mutant APP cDNA indicated that APP mutations result in the production of more or longer, aggregation prone, A beta peptides.
- Published
- 1996
18. On an autosomal dominant form of retinal-cerebellar degeneration: an autopsy study of five patients in one family
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M.-J. Tassignon, C. Van Broeckhoven, F. Hayez-Delatte, Jean-Marie Brucher, P. J. Willems, Patrick Evrard, Chantal Ceuterick, J.J. Martin, T. de Barsy, Henri Szliwowski, L. Krols, N. Van Regemorter, and H. Smet-Dieleman
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Adult ,Male ,Cerebellum ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Ataxia ,Adolescent ,Cerebellar Ataxia ,Genetic Linkage ,Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Pathology and Forensic Medicine ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,Atrophy ,medicine ,Cerebellar Degeneration ,Humans ,Child ,Genes, Dominant ,Retrospective Studies ,Spinocerebellar Degenerations ,business.industry ,Retinal Degeneration ,Brain ,Autosomal dominant trait ,Machado-Joseph Disease ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Pedigree ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,nervous system ,Child, Preschool ,Cerebellar cortex ,Spinocerebellar ataxia ,Female ,Cerebellar atrophy ,Neurology (clinical) ,Human medicine ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
We describe a family with an autosomal dominant form of retinal-cerebellar atrophy. There is an extreme variability in age of onset and severity of the clinical symptoms: some patients remain nearly asymptomatic throughout their entire life; others develop severe retinal and cerebellar symptoms after the age of 35 years; others suffer from a severe disorder with onset in adolescence and death during the third decade of life; in others the onset is in early childhood with prevalence of cerebellar symptoms. There is neither dementia nor epilepsy in any of the patients. Four out of five autopsies showed, a severe retinal atrophy, and all five autopsies were also characterized by (1) a cerebellar atrophy affecting the spinocerebellar and olivocerebellar tracts, the cerebellar cortex and the efferent cerebellar pathways, (2) an involvement of the pyramidal pathways and of the motor neurons of brain stem and spinal cord, and (3) an atrophy of the subthalamic nucleus and to a much lesser extent of the pallidum, with also some damage to the substantia nigra. The posterior columns are much less affected except in one patient. In this family, we have excluded linkage with the two loci for spinocerebellar ataxia, i.e., SCA1 on chromosome 6p and SCA2 on chromosome 12q as well as with the locus for Machado-Joseph disease (MJD) on chromosome 14q. A genome-wide search is currently being performed to detect the disease locus responsible.
- Published
- 1994
19. Duplication in chromosome 17p11.2 in Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy type 1a (CMT 1a)
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P Raeymaekers, V Timmerman, E Nelis, P De Jonghe, J.E Hoogenduk, F Baas, D.F Barker, J.J Martin, M De Visser, P.A Bolhuis, C Van Broeckhoven, Ceuterick-de Groote, Chantal, et al., and HMSN Collaborative Research Group
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Genetics ,Linkage disequilibrium ,Biology ,Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease Type 1A ,medicine.disease ,Dejerine–Sottas disease ,Chromosome 17 (human) ,Neurology ,Genetic linkage ,Peripheral myelin protein 22 ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Gene duplication ,medicine ,Neurology (clinical) ,Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy ,Genetics (clinical) - Abstract
Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy type I (HMSN I) or Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1 (CMT 1) is an autosomal dominant disorder of the peripheral nervous system characterized by progressive weakness and atrophy of distal limb muscles. In the majority of HMSN I families, linkage studies localized the gene (CMT 1a) to the pericentromeric region of chromosome 17. We have detected with probe pVAW409R3 (D17S122) localized in 17p11.2 a duplication, co-segregating with the disease in 12 HMSN I families. In these families the duplication was present in all 128 patients but absent in the 84 unaffected and 44 married-in individuals (lod score of 58.44 at zero recombination). Further, on one HMSN I family the disease newly appeared simultaneously with a de novo duplication originating from an unequal crossing-over event at meiosis. Since different allelic combinations were found segregating with the duplication in different families linkage disequilibrium was not a significant factor. These findings led us to propose that the duplication in 17p11.2 itself is the disease causing mutation in all the HMSN I families analyzed.
- Published
- 1991
20. Parasitoides del bicho canasto, Oiketicus platensis (Lepidoptera: Psychidae) en el caldenal pampeano
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E. M. BAUDINO, J.J. MARTÍNEZ, L. FERNÁNDEZ, Y.H. GEIST, H.E. GALLARDO, and A. REIMER
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bicho de cesto ,parasitoides ,diptera ,hymenoptera ,Agriculture ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
Desde el 2006 se observa un incremento poblacional importante de Oiketicus platensis Berg en los bosques de caldén de la provincia de La Pampa. Los objetivos del presente trabajo fueron: 1) caracterizar la comunidad de parasitoides larvales, 2) determinar qué especies de parasitoide son más abundantes. El estudio se llevó a cabo en 3 sitios de la provincia pertenecientes a la región togreográfica del Espinal. El muestreo de larvas se extendió desde noviembre de 2012 hasta marzo de 2013. En total, 17 especies de parasitoides fueron identificadas. Se reconocieron 15 especies de avispas parasitoides pertenecientes a 9 familias: Eulophidae, Encyrtidae, Eurytomidae, Eupelmidae, Torymidae, Chalcididae, Ichneumonidae, Baconidae y Bethylidae. Además, se identificaron 2 especies de moscas parasitoides pertenecientes a la familia Tachinidae. Los parasitoides aparecieron un mes después del nacimiento de las larvas. El porcentaje de parasitoidismo larval fue de 17,6%, con predominancia (81,6%) de moscas parasitoides.
- Published
- 2017
21. Juvenile dystonic lipidosis (variant of Niemann-Pick disease type C)
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J.J. Martin, M.T. Vanier, A. Lowenthal, and C. Ceuterick
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Pathology ,Adolescent ,Central nervous system ,Spleen ,Biology ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Histiocyte ,Brain Chemistry ,Niemann-Pick Diseases ,Niemann–Pick disease, type C ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Brain ,medicine.disease ,Lipids ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Endocrinology ,Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase ,Neurology ,Liver ,Liver biopsy ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,Bone marrow ,Human medicine ,Sphingomyelin ,Niemann–Pick disease - Abstract
In two siblings affected with dementia, epilepsy and vertical supranuclear ophthalmoplegia, foam cells and sea-blue histiocytes were found in the bone marrow. Electron microscopy of skin and neuromuscular biopsies gave presumptive evidence in favour of a storage disorder. Postmortem examination of both cases revealed an intraneuronal polymorphous lysosomal storage in the central nervous system (in the cortex and in many nuclei e.g. the substantia nigra and the reticular formation of the brain stem). In the visceral organs with the spleen most severely affected, the inclusions had a different ultrastructure, being composed of tightly apposed leaflets. The biochemical study revealed accumulation of sphingomyelin and other lipids in liver and spleen, with normal sphingomyelinase activities, which is consistent with the diagnosis of Niemann-Pick disease type C. In the brain, the most striking abnormalities involved the glycolipids. Sphingomyelinase activities were unchanged in cultivated skin fibroblasts. These data compared with those of reported cases, allowed the following conclusions to be made: (1) although the combination of clinical features appears to be unique, none of them, when considered separately, is pathognomonic for juvenile dystonic lipidosis; (2) diagnosis during life can be suggested by careful examination of nerve bundles and fibroblasts with the electron microscope, although the method of choice appears to be the study of bone marrow; but final assessment of the diagnosis, in the absence of demonstrable enzymic deficiency, requires in most cases a study of the lipid profile in a liver biopsy (or better, spleen tissue whenever available); (3) the intralysosomal storage is different, both morphologically and biochemically, in the central nervous system and in the spleen; (4) juvenile dystonic lipidosis represents a juvenile variant of Niemann-Pick disease type C, pending the discovery of the primary defect responsible for this disorder.
- Published
- 1984
22. Neonatal myotubular myopathy with a probable X-linked inheritance : observations on a new family with a review of the literature
- Author
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L. De Meirleir, L. Sacre, Y. Vandeplas, Ingeborg Liebaers, J.J. Martin, M. Bruyland, Department of Embryology and Genetics, and Pediatrics
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Pediatrics ,Neurology ,Genetic Linkage ,Biopsy ,Encephalopathy ,Muscle disorder ,Infant, Newborn, Diseases ,Muscular Diseases ,Internal medicine ,Medicine ,Myotubular Myopathy ,Humans ,Centronuclear myopathy ,X-linked recessive inheritance ,Paresis ,business.industry ,Muscles ,Infant, Newborn ,medicine.disease ,Hypotonia ,Pedigree ,Microscopy, Electron ,Endocrinology ,Neurology (clinical) ,medicine.symptom ,business ,neonatal myotubular myopathy - Abstract
During the 3 weeks of his life, an infant born at term presented pronounced hypotonia, areflexia and generalized paresis with severe respiratory and feeding problems. He was the fourth male in two generations to die in the perinatal period, therefore suggesting an X-linked inheritance. Post-mortem examination revealed a centronuclear or myotubular myopathy. The difficulty in distinguishing the signs due to muscle disorder from those due to hypoxaemic encephalopathy is stressed. Infants with centronuclear myopathy have in any case a high risk for hypoxaemic encephalopathy. The literature concerning neonatal centronuclear myopathy with X-linked inheritance is reviewed.
- Published
- 1984
23. Defect in succinate oxidation by isolated muscle mitochondria in a patient with symmetrical lesions in the basal ganglia
- Author
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Hans R. Scholte, L. Martin, Chantal Ceuterick, F. L. Van de Vyver, I. E. M. Luyt-Houwen, A. M. Roodhooft, and J.J. Martin
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Necrosis ,Mitochondrion ,Biology ,Cerebrospinal fluid ,Basal Ganglia Diseases ,Internal medicine ,Biopsy ,medicine ,Humans ,Carnitine ,Leigh disease ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Brain Diseases, Metabolic ,Succinates ,medicine.disease ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Hypotonia ,Mitochondria, Muscle ,Endocrinology ,Neurology ,Coenzyme Q – cytochrome c reductase ,Child, Preschool ,Neurology (clinical) ,Human medicine ,medicine.symptom ,Leigh Disease ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,Oxidation-Reduction ,medicine.drug - Abstract
A 3-year-old boy was referred for evaluation of psychomotor retardation. He had a waddling gait with proximal hypotonia and paresis. Computed tomography (CT scan) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain demonstrated symmetrical lesions in the basal ganglia suggesting bilateral necrosis. Lactate and pyruvate levels in blood and cerebrospinal fluid were persistently elevated. A biopsy of the quadriceps muscle showed normal light microscopic findings except for a slightly raised number of lipid droplets. Electron microscopy confirmed this and also showed a rather large number of subsarcolemmal mitochondria without crystalline inclusions. Biochemical studies showed a normal carnitine level and normal mitochondrial enzyme activities in muscle homogenate, including succinate-cytochrome c reductase. However, intact isolated mitochondria failed to oxidize succinate. An explanation for this paradoxical finding is a deficiency in that part of the coenzyme Q (CoQ) that is reduced by the succinate dehydrogenase complex. The differential diagnosis between Leigh's syndrome and infantile bilateral striatal necrosis (IBSN) is discussed. The role of neuroradiology in prompting complementary investigations is stressed.
- Published
- 1988
24. Adult ceroid-lipofuscinosis : diagnostic-value of biopsies and of neurophysiological investigations
- Author
-
K Jacobs, L Swerts, J.J. Martin, C Ceuterick, and A Vercruyssen
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Biopsy ,Eccrine sweat ,Sensory system ,Eccrine Glands ,Biology ,Synaptic Transmission ,Diagnosis, Differential ,Neuronal Ceroid-Lipofuscinoses ,Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory ,Ceroid lipofuscinosis ,medicine ,Humans ,Kufs disease ,Skin ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Muscles ,Anatomy ,Neurophysiology ,medicine.disease ,Pedigree ,Microscopy, Electron ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Somatosensory evoked potential ,Surgery ,Neurology (clinical) ,Human medicine ,Differential diagnosis ,Research Article - Abstract
In a sibship of ten, three brothers presented with an adult form of ceroid-lipofuscinosis. The diagnosis was confirmed by necropsy of the first patient and was made by electron microscopy of eccrine sweat glands and of skeletal muscles in the two others. Somatosensory evoked potentials were characterised by biphasic, nearly monophasic, very high voltage complexes totally unlike those found in normal controls. Similar sensory evoked potentials were however recorded in other types of ceroid-lipofuscinosis. While electron microscopy of easily available tissues gives fairly specific results, sensory evoked potentials can bring supportive diagnostic evidence in adult ceroid-lipofuscinosis.
- Published
- 1982
25. Paleoseismic analysis of the San Vicente segment of the El Salvador Fault Zone, El Salvador, Central America
- Author
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C. CANORA, P. VILLAMOR, J.J. MARTÍNEZ DÍAZ, K.R. BERRYMAN, J.A. ÁLVAREZ GÓMEZ, R. CAPOTE, and W. HERNÁNDEZ
- Subjects
El Salvador Fault Zone ,Active fault characterisation ,Strike-slip fault ,Volcanic arc ,Paleoseismic studies ,Science ,Geology ,QE1-996.5 - Abstract
The El Salvador earthquake of February 13th 2001 (Mw 6.6) was associated with the tectonic rupture of the El Salvador Fault Zone. Paleoseismic studies of the El Salvador Fault Zone undertaken after this earthquake provide a basis for examining the longer history of surface rupturing earthquakes on the fault. Trenching at five sites along the San Vicente segment, a 21km-long and up to 2km-wide central section of the El Salvador Fault Zone, shows that surface fault rupture has occurred at least seven times during the past 8ka. Single-event displacements identified at each trench vary from several decimetres to at least 3.7m. Fault trace mapping, geomorphic analysis, and paleoseismic studies indicate a maximum magnitude for the El Salvador Fault Zone is c. Mw 7.6, with a recurrence interval of around 800yr. Earthquakes of Mw 6.6 or smaller, such as the February 2001 event are unlikely to be identified in the paleoseismic trenches, so our observations represent the minimum number of moderate to large earthquakes that have occurred on this part of the El Salvador Fault Zone. We observe significant variability in single-event displacement in the trenches, which we interpret as possible cascade rupture of several segments of the El Salvador Fault Zone. Combining displacements of river courses and the timing of events revealed in the trenches, we calculate a slip rate of c. 4mm/yr for El Salvador Fault Zone, identifying the fault zone as a major tectonic feature of the region, and a major source of seismic hazard and risk in El Salvador.
- Published
- 2012
26. SAGRARIO Y MANIFESTADOR EN EL RETABLO BARROCCO ESPAÑOL
- Author
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J.J. Martín González
- Subjects
retablo ,sagrario ,manifestador ,tabernáculo ,ostensorio ,History of the arts ,NX440-632 - Abstract
The altarpiece appenred as didactic iconography placed behind the main altar. But the valomtion that the Council of Trent gave to the Eucharist made this the predominant objective in the baroque period. Sheme, monstrance and tabeinacle are usually terms equivalent to the place where the sacred forms are kept. But the tabernacle has an additional meaning: momentality, It has the shape of a tower; the upper part is the monstrance, a transparent recipient in which the sucred form is placed for everlasting worship. The form is visible in the monstrance that is generally presented in a theatrical manner (scene), with a small curtain or revolving body. The altarpiece is part of the theatrical scenery, which helps to create more emotion when the holy sacrament is shown.
- Published
- 1997
27. EL PABELLÓN DE LA SANTA SEDE EN EL PABELLÓN DE LA EXPOSICIÓN DE SEVILLA. EXPO-92
- Author
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J.J. Martín González
- Subjects
History of the arts ,NX440-632 - Abstract
The Vatican Pavlion at the 1992 World Fair of Seville, Expo 92, was devoted to explain the evangelizatiori of America, illustrated with works of art, books, and maps brought from different collections and archives. The Pavilion gathered a great deal of materials, ranging from creations of great artists to specimens of popular art. The exhibition payed attention to cultural and geographical aspects of evangelization, and showed grammar and vocabulary books beside examples of cartography. The scope of faith with Christ as protagonist, was represented by a series of masterpieces by El Greco, Caravaggio, Murillo or Goya. Besides, it also liad a memory to principal names relaten to the discovery, and to the activities of evangelization carried out by ecclesiastics and missionaries, with the exhibition of documents, plans, paintings, sculptures and gold and silver works.
- Published
- 1993
28. AVANCE DE UNA TIPOLOGÍA DEL RETABLO BARROCO
- Author
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J.J. Martín González
- Subjects
History of the arts ,NX440-632 - Abstract
The Hispanic Baroque has one of its main exhibitions in the retable, to which scholars are paying an increasing attention. This paper outlines the study of the typology or order of the whole. artending first to such important elements as the tabernacle and the manifestador [manifester, exhibitor], i.e. the Eucharisric core, both having a main significance during the baroque rima, beside the special effects of the transparents. We continue with the analysis of the structural tipology, with a starting point in the rerable of El Escorial and other models in the palladian line which one devoloped mainly in the frame-retable (this type will produce very baroque creations). From the middle of the XVIIth century onwards, there is a turn to the primacy of an only order, also advancing to the irlerease of the bench and to the use of revisted columns. This type of an only order and with semicircular attic or rop is the commonest in Spain, though there exists a logical range of variations. Furthermore. the retable may apperit hacked against a right wall, but also against curved or polygonal presbytey, to cover in completely up to the vault and to form a concave structure with a shell crown which defines the typical riche-rerable. The tendency in the tabole is to stress the central part, which constitutes the agglutinating element of the structure, though there still persist several bodies. This the priority. is given to the titular image's niche. After the structural typology in follows an analysis of the typology of contents, with definitions of the reliquary-. rosay-, and painting support-, retables, and the big transparernts. Finally, we study the baldachin and its variations: exent baldachins. not exent ones. baldachin- retable and half baldachin.
- Published
- 1989
29. Serum Amyloid A Stimulates Vascular and Renal Dysfunction in Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice Fed a Normal Chow Diet
- Author
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Belal Chami, Farjaneh Hossain, Thomas W. Hambly, Xiaoping Cai, Roshanak Aran, Genevieve Fong, Abigail Vellajo, Nathan J.J Martin, XiaoSuo Wang, Joanne M. Dennis, Arpeeta Sharma, Waled A. Shihata, Jaye P. F. Chin-Dusting, Judy B. de Haan, Alexandra Sharland, Carolyn L. Geczy, Ben Freedman, and Paul K. Witting
- Subjects
endothelial function ,inflammation ,nitric oxide ,acute-phase protein ,renal dysfunction ,Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 - Abstract
Elevated serum amyloid A (SAA) levels may promote endothelial dysfunction, which is linked to cardiovascular and renal pathologies. We investigated the effect of SAA on vascular and renal function in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE−/−) mice. Male ApoE−/− mice received vehicle (control), low-level lipopolysaccharide (LPS), or recombinant human SAA by i.p. injection every third day for 2 weeks. Heart, aorta and kidney were harvested between 3 days and 18 weeks after treatment. SAA administration increased vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 expression and circulating monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 and decreased aortic cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), consistent with SAA inhibiting nitric oxide bioactivity. In addition, binding of labeled leukocytes to excised aorta increased as monitored using an ex vivo leukocyte adhesion assay. Renal injury was evident 4 weeks after commencement of SAA treatment, manifesting as increased plasma urea, urinary protein, oxidized lipids, urinary kidney injury molecule (KIM)-1 and multiple cytokines and chemokines in kidney tissue, relative to controls. Phosphorylation of nuclear-factor-kappa-beta (NFκB-p-P65), tissue factor (TF), and macrophage recruitment increased in kidneys from ApoE−/− mice 4 weeks after SAA treatment, confirming that SAA elicited a pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic phenotype. These data indicate that SAA impairs endothelial and renal function in ApoE−/− mice in the absence of a high-fat diet.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. ENGINEERING MICROBES FOR PLANT POLYKETIDE BIOSYNTHESIS
- Author
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François-Xavier Lussier, David Colatriano, Zach Wiltshire, Jonathan E. Page, and Vincent J.J. Martin
- Subjects
Plant polyketides ,metabolic engineering ,microbes ,Biotechnology ,TP248.13-248.65 - Abstract
Polyketides are an important group of secondary metabolites, many of which have important industrial applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Polyketides are synthesized from one of three classes of enzymes differentiated by their biochemical features and product structure: type I, type II or type III polyketide synthases (PKSs). Plant type III PKS enzymes, which will be the main focus of this review, are relatively small homodimeric proteins that catalyze iterative decarboxylative condensations of malonyl units with a CoA-linked starter molecule. This review will describe the plant type III polyketide synthetic pathway, including the synthesis of chalcones, stilbenes and curcuminoids, as well as recent work on the synthesis of these polyketides in heterologous organisms. The limitations and bottlenecks of heterologous expression as well as attempts at creating diversity through the synthesis of novel “unnatural” polyketides using type III PKSs will also be discussed. Although synthetic production of plant polyketides is still in its infancy, their potential as useful bioactive compounds makes them an extremely interesting area of study.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Reliability and construct validity of a revised Baycrest Multiple Errands Test.
- Author
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Clark AJ, Anderson ND, Nalder E, Arshad S, and Dawson DR
- Subjects
- Aged, Case-Control Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Reproducibility of Results, Brain Injuries complications, Cognition Disorders diagnosis, Cognition Disorders etiology, Executive Function physiology, Neuropsychological Tests
- Abstract
Surprisingly few ecologically-valid assessments of executive function exist, but the Baycrest Multiple Errands Test (BMET) shows promise in identifying executive impairment. The goal of the present study was to develop both a revised version of the assessment (BMET-R), to improve the test's ability to discriminate between patients and healthy participants, and an alternate form of the BMET-R to permit repeat testing. Sixteen individuals with acquired brain injury (ABI) due to stroke or trauma and 16 healthy participants completed a series of neuropsychological assessments, questionnaires, the BMET-R and its alternate form (in counterbalanced order). The results of the study indicated that participants with ABI omitted more tasks, broke more rules, and were less efficient than healthy participants on both the revised BMET-R and its alternate form. Moreover, significant correlations were found between the two versions of the BMET-R for task completions, omissions, errors, rule breaks and inefficiencies but few significant correlations were observed between the BMET-R versions and measures of executive dysfunction in everyday life. These results indicate that the two versions of the BMET-R are able to dissociate the performance of participants with ABI from that of healthy participants. However, despite overlaps in performance and correlations between the two versions of the BMET-R, they did not identically assess executive deficits. This suggests that caution should be used when constructing and validating alternate versions of performance-based assessments.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Clinicians' perceptions of the clinical utility of the Multiple Errands Test for adults with neurological conditions.
- Author
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Nalder EJ, Clark AJ, Anderson ND, and Dawson DR
- Subjects
- Executive Function physiology, Female, Humans, Male, Problem Solving, Psychometrics, Trauma Severity Indices, Activities of Daily Living psychology, Attitude of Health Personnel, Cognition Disorders diagnosis, Cognition Disorders etiology, Nervous System Diseases complications, Perception
- Abstract
This study examined the clinical utility of the Multiple Errands Test (MET) from the perspective of clinicians. Employing a qualitative descriptive design, in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight occupational therapists. Participants had an average of 12 years clinical experience and their experience using the MET varied. Interviews were transcribed and analysed using framework analysis. Three dominant themes emerged from the data. Theme 1 was that clinicians value the MET because it reflects real-life functioning. Clinicians perceived the MET to be a unique assessment collecting data on functional performance, and sensitive to higher level cognitive deficits. Theme 2 was that the MET could be used flexibly depending on one's rehabilitation goals. Clinicians employed the MET as an assessment to inform the direction of treatment and as a component of their intervention. Theme 3 was that the MET is a challenging assessment requiring buy in and commitment from therapists. This study is the first to report clinicians' perspectives of the clinical utility of the MET. It reinforces the importance of ecologically valid tests, and augments existing research evaluating psychometric properties of the MET by describing how the MET has been employed in rehabilitation settings to improve health outcomes for adults with neurological conditions.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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